From 93e79c3815c9d315ef584ae418e2723c937b3ac9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2026 18:15:05 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 01/26] add benchmarks website v3 design overview and plan

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md    | 103 ++++++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md      | 222 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md   | 195 +++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md         |  86 +++++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md         |  69 ++++++
 .../planning/benchmark-mapping.md             | 147 ++++++++++++
 .../planning/components/emitter.md            |  86 +++++++
 .../planning/components/server.md             |  70 ++++++
 .../planning/components/web-ui.md             |  62 +++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md      |  90 +++++++
 benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md       | 118 ++++++++++
 11 files changed, 1248 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0fcb9557aab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# 00 - Overview
+
+## What we're building
+
+A replacement for the current `bench.vortex.dev` site. The new
+stack is a **single Rust binary** that owns a **DuckDB database**
+on local disk and serves the website plus an `/api/ingest` route.
+CI eventually POSTs new benchmark results there. There is no
+separate ingester service, no S3 coordination layer for writes, no
+client-side WASM.
+
+HTTP framework, templating engine, and module layout are the
+server agent's call.
+
+## Phasing
+
+We build this in two phases. **Plan only the first.**
+
+### Alpha (this plan)
+
+The smallest end-to-end loop that proves the design:
+
+1. **Schema** locked enough to ingest one benchmark result.
+2. **Server**: open DuckDB, accept a bearer-token-authenticated POST,
+   serve a couple of read routes.
+3. **Emitter**: `vortex-bench --gh-json-v3` + a tiny POST script.
+4. **Web UI**: one landing page + one chart page rendered against a
+   fixture DB.
+
+That's it. No production deploy, no historical data import, no CI
+workflow integration, no admin tooling, no schema migration
+framework, no auth beyond the shared bearer token. All of those
+live in [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+
+The alpha runs on a developer machine. v2 keeps running in
+production unchanged. There is no cutover in alpha.
+
+### Phase 2 and beyond
+
+Once the alpha loop is green, we layer in production deploy,
+historical migration, CI dual-write, and the rest of the v2-parity
+work. Stubs are in [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+
+## Architecture (alpha)
+
+One process, one DB file. The server is the API and the website.
+The emitter writes JSONL of bare records; a small POST script
+wraps and uploads them. CI isn't wired up yet; ingest happens
+manually during alpha.
+
+## Components
+
+Three components for alpha. Each is one workstream, one branch, one
+PR.
+
+| Component | Plan | Owns |
+|---|---|---|
+| Server | [components/server.md](./components/server.md) | DuckDB open + schema, bearer-auth ingest, read routes, HTML routes mounted from web-ui |
+| Emitter | [components/emitter.md](./components/emitter.md) | `vortex-bench --gh-json-v3` + the post-ingest script |
+| Web UI | [components/web-ui.md](./components/web-ui.md) | Landing page + chart page, against a fixture DuckDB |
+
+### Dependencies
+
+The schema feeds all three components. The contracts feed the
+server and the emitter. With both stable, **all three components
+can be worked on in parallel**.
+
+## Goals
+
+In priority order:
+
+1. **End-to-end alpha loop works.** Emit → POST → store → render.
+2. **Schema is the right shape.** Five fact tables (one per
+   measurement family) plus a `commits` dim. See
+   [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
+3. **Each component is small enough that one agent can finish it
+   in one PR.** No mega-PRs.
+
+Cutover, parity, and "faster than v2" are explicit non-goals at
+alpha; they come back in phase 2.
+
+## Shared docs
+
+- [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md) (this file)
+- [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md) - the five fact tables + `commits`
+- [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) - wire shapes + HTTP error
+  matrix + auth header
+- [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) - existing
+  benchmarks → fact tables
+- [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) - resolved decisions
+- [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) - phase-2 stubs
+
+## Status of v2 during alpha
+
+v2 stays in production untouched. Do not edit
+`benchmarks-website/server.js` or `benchmarks-website/src/`. v3
+lives alongside under `benchmarks-website/` in a new Cargo crate
+(path is the server agent's call).
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ddf71e2739
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+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# 01 - DuckDB schema (alpha)
+
+The persistent data model. **One `commits` dim table plus five fact
+tables, one per measurement family.** No lookup tables, no views, no
+migration framework; those are deferred (see
+[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md)).
+
+## Design principles
+
+1. **One fact table per (dim shape, value shape).** A row in any
+   fact table has every value column populated; NULLs only appear
+   in genuinely optional dimensions.
+2. **No discriminator columns spanning families.** No `metric_kind`
+   enum forcing five shapes into one row.
+3. **No JSON escape hatch.** New benchmark parameters become real
+   columns. Adding a nullable column is cheap; the readability win
+   is worth it.
+4. **Hashed primary key per table.** Each fact table has a
+   `measurement_id` that is a deterministic 64-bit hash of that
+   table's dimensional tuple. Server-internal; not on the wire.
+5. **`commits` is the only dim table.** Engine, format, dataset,
+   etc. stay as inline strings; DuckDB's dictionary encoding makes
+   a lookup table pointless.
+6. **Ratios are not stored.** Computed at query time from
+   `compression_sizes`.
+
+## Why five fact tables, not one
+
+The five families have genuinely different shapes:
+
+| Table | Shape sketch |
+|---|---|
+| `query_measurements` | dataset + query_idx + engine + format + storage → timing **and** memory |
+| `compression_times` | dataset + format + op∈{encode,decode} → timing |
+| `compression_sizes` | dataset + format → bytes |
+| `random_access_times` | dataset + format → timing (different dataset namespace) |
+| `vector_search_runs` | dataset + layout + flavor + threshold → timing + counters |
+
+Forcing them into one table either bloats every row with columns
+that are NULL for ~99% of rows (`layout`, `flavor`, `threshold`,
+`matches`, `rows_scanned`, `bytes_scanned`) or splits scan results
+across multiple rows that have to be re-joined to render one chart.
+
+## Group / chart / series fit
+
+The render-time view used by `/api/groups` and `/api/chart/:slug`
+is mechanically derivable per table:
+
+| Table | Group key | Chart key | Series key |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `query_measurements` | `(dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage)` | `(dataset, query_idx)` | `(engine, format)` |
+| `compression_times` | constant `"Compression"` | `(dataset, dataset_variant)` | `(format, op)` |
+| `compression_sizes` | constant `"Compression Size"` | `(dataset, dataset_variant)` | `format` |
+| `random_access_times` | constant `"Random Access"` | `dataset` | `format` |
+| `vector_search_runs` | `(dataset, layout)` | `(dataset, layout, threshold)` | `flavor` |
+
+The classifier logic in v2's `v2-classifier.js` mostly disappears -
+each table already knows what suite it represents.
+
+## Tables
+
+DDL is the server's call. Below is the column contract: name, type
+family, and whether it's NOT NULL. The server agent picks exact
+DuckDB types, indexes, and constraint syntax.
+
+### `commits` (dim)
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes (PK) | 40-hex lowercase |
+| `timestamp` | timestamptz | yes | |
+| `message` | string | yes | first line only |
+| `author_name` | string | yes | |
+| `author_email` | string | yes | |
+| `committer_name` | string | yes | |
+| `committer_email` | string | yes | |
+| `tree_sha` | string | yes | |
+| `url` | string | yes | |
+
+Populated from the envelope on every `/api/ingest` call.
+
+### `query_measurements`
+
+SQL query suites: TPC-H, TPC-DS, ClickBench, StatPopGen,
+PolarSignals, Fineweb, GhArchive, Public-BI. Memory columns are
+populated when the run was instrumented for memory; NULL otherwise.
+Timing and memory share the row because they're produced together
+for the same query execution.
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `measurement_id` | int64 | yes (PK) | hash of dim tuple |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | FK to `commits` |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | `tpch`, `tpcds`, `clickbench`, ... |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | ClickBench flavor, Public-BI name |
+| `scale_factor` | string | optional | TPC SF; n_rows for StatPopGen / PolarSignals |
+| `query_idx` | int32 | yes | 1-based |
+| `storage` | string | yes | `nvme` or `s3` |
+| `engine` | string | yes | `datafusion`, `duckdb`, `vortex`, `arrow` |
+| `format` | string | yes | `vortex-file-compressed`, `parquet`, `lance`, ... |
+| `value_ns` | int64 | yes | median timing, ns |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | list&lt;int64&gt; | yes | per-iteration timings |
+| `peak_physical` | int64 | optional | bytes |
+| `peak_virtual` | int64 | optional | bytes |
+| `physical_delta` | int64 | optional | bytes |
+| `virtual_delta` | int64 | optional | bytes |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | e.g. `x86_64-linux-gnu` |
+
+### `compression_times`
+
+Encode/decode timings from `compress-bench`.
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `measurement_id` | int64 | yes (PK) | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | FK |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `op` | string | yes | `encode` or `decode` |
+| `value_ns` | int64 | yes | |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | list&lt;int64&gt; | yes | |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+### `compression_sizes`
+
+On-disk sizes from `compress-bench`. One-shot, no per-iteration data.
+Compression ratios in v2 (`vortex:parquet-zstd ratio/...`) are a
+SELECT over this table joined to itself; they're not stored.
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `measurement_id` | int64 | yes (PK) | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | FK |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `value_bytes` | int64 | yes | |
+
+### `random_access_times`
+
+Take-time timings from `random-access-bench`. Different dataset
+namespace from `compression_times` - kept in its own table so
+dataset filters never have to disambiguate which suite a row
+belongs to.
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `measurement_id` | int64 | yes (PK) | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | FK |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `value_ns` | int64 | yes | |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | list&lt;int64&gt; | yes | |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+### `vector_search_runs`
+
+Cosine-similarity scans from `vector-search-bench`. The only family
+that emits a timing **plus side counters** for the same scan;
+keeping them in one row avoids a 1:N split that has to be re-joined
+on read.
+
+| Column | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `measurement_id` | int64 | yes (PK) | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | FK |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | e.g. `cohere-large-10m` |
+| `layout` | string | yes | `TrainLayout`, e.g. `partitioned` |
+| `flavor` | string | yes | `VectorFlavor`, e.g. `vortex-turboquant` |
+| `threshold` | double | yes | cosine threshold |
+| `value_ns` | int64 | yes | per-scan wall time |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | list&lt;int64&gt; | yes | |
+| `matches` | int64 | yes | |
+| `rows_scanned` | int64 | yes | |
+| `bytes_scanned` | int64 | yes | |
+| `iterations` | int32 | yes | not part of the dim hash |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+## `measurement_id` hash
+
+Per-table xxhash64 over each table's dimensional tuple. The hash is
+**server-internal** - the wire never carries it. The server's INSERT
+path computes it before each `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE`,
+which gives idempotent upsert on re-emission of the same dim tuple.
+Encoding details (input order, NULL handling, byte layout) are the
+server's call, since the value never crosses a process boundary.
+
+When the historical migrator lands (deferred), it reuses the
+server's hash function via a shared crate.
+
+## Storage values
+
+`storage` is `'nvme'` or `'s3'`. Legacy `gcs` is dropped. Only
+`query_measurements` carries `storage` - the other families don't
+fan out by storage backend.
+
+## Schema changes during alpha
+
+There is no migration framework. If you change the schema:
+
+1. Update this doc.
+2. Update the server's DDL.
+3. Delete any local `bench.duckdb` and re-run.
+
+A real forward-only migration framework lands post-alpha. See
+[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+
+## What's intentionally NOT here (deferred)
+
+- `schema_meta` and migration framework.
+- `known_engines` / `known_formats` / `known_datasets` lookup
+  tables and seed SQL.
+- Views (`v_compression_ratios`, `v_latest_per_group`, etc.).
+- Pre-downsampled aliases.
+- A `microbench_runs` table - reserved as the next family to add
+  when microbench results start landing.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9aba31fb73b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# 02 - Wire contracts (alpha)
+
+The cross-component glue between the emitter, the POST script, and
+the server. Wire-format only - implementations are local to each
+component.
+
+If two components disagree about a shape, **this file is right**
+and both update.
+
+## Records are discriminated by `kind`
+
+Each record on the wire carries a `kind` field that picks one of
+the [five fact tables](./01-schema.md#tables). The emitter never
+decides "what column" - it decides "what kind", and the rest of the
+row is that kind's flat field set.
+
+| `kind` | Destination table |
+|---|---|
+| `query_measurement` | `query_measurements` |
+| `compression_time` | `compression_times` |
+| `compression_size` | `compression_sizes` |
+| `random_access_time` | `random_access_times` |
+| `vector_search_run` | `vector_search_runs` |
+
+**Unknown `kind` values cause a 400.** Unknown fields within a known
+`kind` also cause a 400. Version skew should fail loudly.
+
+## Per-kind record shapes
+
+All shared metadata first; per-kind fields after.
+
+### `query_measurement`
+
+| Field | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `kind` | `"query_measurement"` | yes | discriminator |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | 40-hex lowercase |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | `tpch`, `tpcds`, `clickbench`, ... |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | ClickBench flavor, Public-BI name |
+| `scale_factor` | string | optional | TPC SF; n_rows for StatPopGen / PolarSignals |
+| `query_idx` | integer | yes | 1-based |
+| `storage` | enum string | yes | `nvme` or `s3` |
+| `engine` | string | yes | `datafusion`, `duckdb`, `vortex`, `arrow` |
+| `format` | string | yes | `vortex-file-compressed`, `parquet`, `lance`, ... |
+| `value_ns` | integer | yes | median timing, ns |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | array&lt;integer&gt; | yes | per-iteration timings (may be empty) |
+| `peak_physical` | integer | optional | bytes |
+| `peak_virtual` | integer | optional | bytes |
+| `physical_delta` | integer | optional | bytes |
+| `virtual_delta` | integer | optional | bytes |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | e.g. `x86_64-linux-gnu` |
+
+The four memory fields are populated together (all four or none).
+
+### `compression_time`
+
+| Field | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `kind` | `"compression_time"` | yes | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `op` | enum string | yes | `encode` or `decode` |
+| `value_ns` | integer | yes | |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | array&lt;integer&gt; | yes | |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+### `compression_size`
+
+| Field | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `kind` | `"compression_size"` | yes | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset_variant` | string | optional | |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `value_bytes` | integer | yes | |
+
+### `random_access_time`
+
+| Field | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `kind` | `"random_access_time"` | yes | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | random-access dataset name (e.g. `chimp`, `taxi`) |
+| `format` | string | yes | |
+| `value_ns` | integer | yes | |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | array&lt;integer&gt; | yes | |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+### `vector_search_run`
+
+| Field | Type | Required? | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `kind` | `"vector_search_run"` | yes | |
+| `commit_sha` | string | yes | |
+| `dataset` | string | yes | e.g. `cohere-large-10m` |
+| `layout` | string | yes | `TrainLayout`, e.g. `partitioned` |
+| `flavor` | string | yes | `VectorFlavor`, e.g. `vortex-turboquant` |
+| `threshold` | number | yes | cosine threshold |
+| `value_ns` | integer | yes | per-scan wall time (median of iterations) |
+| `all_runtimes_ns` | array&lt;integer&gt; | yes | |
+| `matches` | integer | yes | |
+| `rows_scanned` | integer | yes | |
+| `bytes_scanned` | integer | yes | |
+| `iterations` | integer | yes | |
+| `env_triple` | string | optional | |
+
+## Ingest envelope
+
+`/api/ingest` accepts one envelope per POST. The envelope wraps a
+heterogeneous batch of records (any mix of `kind`s). Required
+top-level fields:
+
+- `run_meta`: object with `benchmark_id` (string), `schema_version`
+  (integer; `1` at alpha), `started_at` (RFC 3339 timestamp).
+- `commit`: object with the columns of the [`commits`
+  table](./01-schema.md#commits-dim), keyed by their column names
+  with `commit_sha` renamed to `sha`. The server upserts this row
+  before applying records.
+- `records`: array of per-`kind` records as defined above.
+
+`vortex-bench --gh-json-v3 <path>` writes JSONL of bare records
+only. The envelope (`run_meta` + `commit`) is added by the
+post-ingest script before POSTing - this keeps the Rust emitter
+dependency-light.
+
+The post-ingest script is responsible for filling the `commit`
+fields. CI has the SHA from `${{ github.sha }}`; the rest comes
+from `git show` or equivalent. See
+[`components/emitter.md`](./components/emitter.md).
+
+## HTTP matrix for `POST /api/ingest`
+
+| Condition | Status |
+|---|---|
+| Happy path | 200 with `{ "inserted": N, "updated": M }` |
+| Malformed JSON | 400 |
+| Unknown `kind`, unknown field, or per-record validation failure | 400 with the offending record index |
+| Missing/invalid bearer token | 401 |
+| Schema version newer than server expects | 409 |
+| Other server error | 500 |
+
+All-or-nothing per POST: a single failed record fails the whole
+batch. The reported `inserted` and `updated` counts are aggregated
+across all five tables.
+
+## Authentication header
+
+```text
+Authorization: Bearer <token>
+```
+
+Compared with constant-time equality on the server. Token comes from
+the `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var.
+
+## Slug grammar (server ↔ web-ui)
+
+The web-ui receives slugs from `/api/groups` and feeds them back
+into `/api/chart/:slug`. Slugs are **opaque strings** as far as the
+web-ui is concerned: it never parses or constructs them itself,
+only echoes what the API returned. The server is free to choose any
+slug format, change it without breaking the web-ui, or make it
+debuggable (e.g. `qm-tpch-q01-nvme-sf1`) - the only contract is
+"`/api/chart/:slug` accepts any slug `/api/groups` returned."
+
+## Read API (alpha)
+
+Two routes - just enough to render one chart page. Field shapes are
+not binding; refine during implementation.
+
+### `GET /api/groups`
+
+A flat list of distinct group keys derivable from the data, with
+just enough metadata to link to a chart. The server walks each fact
+table to produce the group keys defined in
+[`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md#group--chart--series-fit). Every
+chart entry includes a `slug` that round-trips through
+`/api/chart/:slug`.
+
+### `GET /api/chart/:slug`
+
+Returns the data for one chart: a `display_name`, a `unit`, an
+ordered `commits` list (sha + timestamp + first-line message + url),
+and a `series` map keyed by series name where each value is an
+array aligned to `commits` (with `null` for missing data points).
+
+Per-commit page, zoom/pan, range queries, and the rest of the read
+API are deferred. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fe5cb69894e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# AGENTS.md - benchmarks-website v3 (alpha)
+
+Brief for coding agents working on this rewrite. Keep it short;
+detail belongs in component plans.
+
+## What you're working on
+
+The **alpha** of v3 of `bench.vortex.dev`. Target: a single Rust
+binary with **DuckDB on local disk**. The smallest end-to-end loop
+that proves the design.
+
+The v2 site at `benchmarks-website/` is in production and stays
+running unchanged. v3 lives alongside in a new crate under
+`benchmarks-website/` (path is the server agent's call).
+
+Anything not listed in [`README.md`](./README.md) under
+"Components" is **deferred**. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+Don't expand scope past your component plan.
+
+## Where to start
+
+1. [`README.md`](./README.md) - reading order.
+2. [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md) - phases, components,
+   dependency map.
+3. [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md) - the DuckDB schema (column
+   contracts; SQL is the server agent's call).
+4. [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) - wire shapes + HTTP
+   matrix + auth header.
+5. [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) - existing
+   benchmarks → fact tables (read this if you're working on the
+   emitter or eventual migration).
+6. Your component plan in [`components/`](./components/).
+
+You **don't** need to read other components' plans.
+
+## Repository conventions
+
+See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout,
+and CI norms. Project-specific:
+
+- New crates go under `benchmarks-website/`. Add to root
+  `Cargo.toml` workspace members.
+- All commits need a `Signed-off-by:` trailer.
+- Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you
+  changed.
+- Public-API changes need `./scripts/public-api.sh`.
+- Every new public item needs a doc comment.
+- Tests return `VortexResult<()>` and use `?`. No `unwrap`.
+
+## Things to avoid
+
+- **Don't widen scope past your component plan.** If a feature
+  feels missing, check [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) first - it
+  is almost certainly already deferred there.
+- **Don't write a server-side classifier.** The emitter is
+  responsible for v3-shape records.
+- **Don't drift from contracts.** Wire-shape changes are a
+  coordinated PR across the affected components.
+- **Don't touch the v2 React/Node app.** It stays in production
+  unchanged through alpha and through phase 2 until cutover.
+- **Don't reach for WASM.**
+
+## Working branches
+
+| Branch | Purpose |
+|---|---|
+| `develop` | Live v2 site. Don't break. |
+| `claude/review-benchmarks-redesign-BO3la` | This planning branch. |
+| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<component>` | Per-workstream feature branches. |
+
+Component branches start from `develop`.
+
+## How to update this file
+
+Keep it short. If you've learned something a future agent will need:
+
+- Cross-component contract → [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md)
+- Local detail → your component plan
+- Decided → [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md)
+- Not designing yet → [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md)
+- Cross-cutting agent norm → here
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34a379b8bd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Benchmarks website v3 - Planning
+
+Planning docs for rebuilding `bench.vortex.dev` as a single Rust
+binary with DuckDB on local disk.
+
+This plan is **alpha-only**. Everything beyond the smallest
+end-to-end loop is deliberately punted to
+[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+
+## Reading order
+
+| File | Read when |
+|---|---|
+| [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md) | Always. The pitch, phases, and dependency map. |
+| [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md) | Always. The five DuckDB fact tables + `commits` dim. |
+| [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) | Always. Wire shapes (one `kind` per fact table), HTTP error matrix, auth header. |
+| [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) | Always when working on the emitter or the historical migrator. Maps every existing benchmark to its target table. |
+| [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) | Skim once. What's pinned for alpha. |
+| [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) | Skim once. What we're not designing yet. |
+| `components/<your-component>.md` | The plan for your specific workstream. |
+| `components/<other>.md` | Avoid. If you're tempted, `02-contracts.md` probably needs an update. |
+
+## Components
+
+Three components for alpha. Each is one workstream, one branch, one
+PR. After the schema and contracts are stable, **all three can be
+worked on in parallel**.
+
+| Component | Plan | Branch |
+|---|---|---|
+| Server | [components/server.md](./components/server.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-server` |
+| Emitter | [components/emitter.md](./components/emitter.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-emitter` |
+| Web UI | [components/web-ui.md](./components/web-ui.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-web-ui` |
+
+## Working branches
+
+- `develop` - the v2 site, in production. **Do not touch.**
+- `claude/review-benchmarks-redesign-BO3la` - this planning branch.
+- Component branches above - one per workstream, branched from
+  `develop`.
+
+## What this plan is not
+
+- Not implementation instructions. Component plans are deliberately
+  high-level.
+- Not a phase-2 plan. Phase-2 work is one paragraph each in
+  [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md). The path will be clearer once the
+  alpha loop is running.
+- Not a parity-with-v2 plan. v2 keeps running unchanged through
+  alpha.
+
+## Updating these docs
+
+If you find a gap, prefer to:
+
+1. Update [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) when the gap is at
+   a component boundary.
+2. Update the relevant component plan when the gap is local.
+3. Update [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) when the gap is "we just
+   haven't decided yet, but we need to."
+4. Update [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) when the gap is "this is
+   real work but not for alpha."
+
+Don't add a new top-level numbered doc.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9216a45ebc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Existing benchmarks → fact-table mapping
+
+A cross-reference from today's benchmark code to the v3 fact tables
+in [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md). Use this when implementing
+emitter `to_v3_json` (component plan in
+[`components/emitter.md`](./components/emitter.md)) or when sanity-
+checking that the schema is expressive enough.
+
+If a benchmark in this repo is not listed here, it is either
+deferred to phase 2 or out of scope for the bench website.
+
+## Source measurement type → target table
+
+The canonical mapping. The Rust types live in
+`vortex-bench/src/measurements.rs` (and per-benchmark crates).
+
+| Source type | Wire `kind` | Target table | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `QueryMeasurement` (paired with `MemoryMeasurement`) | `query_measurement` | `query_measurements` | The two structs collapse into **one** v3 record. Memory fields are omitted if `--track-memory` was off. |
+| `TimingMeasurement` (only the random-access variant uses this today) | `random_access_time` | `random_access_times` | |
+| `CompressionTimingMeasurement` | `compression_time` (with `op ∈ {encode, decode}`) | `compression_times` | The `op` is decided by which side of `compress-bench`'s timing loop produced it. |
+| `CustomUnitMeasurement` with byte unit (sizes) | `compression_size` | `compression_sizes` | A new `CompressionSizeMeasurement` extraction lives in `vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs`; the emitter no longer rides on `CustomUnitMeasurement`. |
+| `CustomUnitMeasurement` with `ratio` unit | **dropped** | none | Computed at read time from `compression_sizes`. |
+| `ScanTiming` (vector-search) | `vector_search_run` | `vector_search_runs` | Carries timing **plus** the three counters in the same row. |
+
+## Per-binary inventory
+
+Every benchmark binary in this repo, the measurement structs it
+produces today, and the v3 tables those measurements land in.
+
+### `benchmarks/datafusion-bench`
+
+Runs the SQL query suites with `engine = datafusion`, parameterized
+over a `Format` (parquet, vortex-file-compressed, vortex-compact,
+arrow, lance via the lance-bench wrapper).
+
+- Produces `QueryMeasurement` (+ `MemoryMeasurement` when
+  `--track-memory`) → **`query_measurements`**.
+- One row per `(commit, dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor,
+  query_idx, storage, engine = "datafusion", format)`.
+
+### `benchmarks/duckdb-bench`
+
+Same as `datafusion-bench` but with `engine = duckdb`.
+
+- Produces `QueryMeasurement` (+ `MemoryMeasurement` when tracking)
+  → **`query_measurements`**, with `engine = "duckdb"`.
+
+### `benchmarks/lance-bench`
+
+Three things in one crate:
+
+1. **Query runner** (`src/main.rs`): `engine = datafusion`,
+   `format = lance` only. Produces `QueryMeasurement` (+
+   `MemoryMeasurement`) → **`query_measurements`**.
+2. **Compression runner** (`src/compress.rs`): produces
+   `CompressionTimingMeasurement` + size `CustomUnitMeasurement` →
+   **`compression_times`** (with `op ∈ {encode, decode}`,
+   `format = lance`) and **`compression_sizes`**
+   (`format = lance`).
+3. **Random-access runner** (`src/random_access.rs`): produces
+   `TimingMeasurement` → **`random_access_times`** with
+   `format = lance`.
+
+### `benchmarks/compress-bench`
+
+The compression suite. Per dataset, runs encode + decode against
+each enabled `Format` and records the resulting on-disk size.
+
+- `CompressionTimingMeasurement` for encode → **`compression_times`**
+  with `op = "encode"`.
+- `CompressionTimingMeasurement` for decode → **`compression_times`**
+  with `op = "decode"`.
+- Byte-unit `CustomUnitMeasurement` (the size entries) →
+  **`compression_sizes`**.
+- Ratio-unit `CustomUnitMeasurement` (the `vortex:parquet-zstd
+  ratio/...` entries) → **dropped**. The reader recomputes ratios
+  from `compression_sizes`.
+
+### `benchmarks/random-access-bench`
+
+The random-access "take" timing suite. Datasets here (chimp, taxi,
+etc.) are a different namespace from the SQL query suites.
+
+- `TimingMeasurement` → **`random_access_times`**.
+- `format` is one of `vortex-file-compressed`, `vortex-compact`,
+  `parquet`, `lance`.
+
+### `benchmarks/vector-search-bench`
+
+Cosine-similarity scan over a vector dataset. Each dataset/layout/
+flavor combination produces a single `ScanTiming` per scan
+configuration.
+
+- `ScanTiming` → **`vector_search_runs`**.
+- `dataset` from `VectorDataset` (e.g. `cohere-large-10m`).
+- `layout` from `TrainLayout`.
+- `flavor` from `VectorFlavor` (compression flavor; the vector-
+  search analogue of `format`).
+- `threshold`, `iterations` are real columns.
+- `query_seed` is **not** stored - it's a deterministic seed for
+  the query sampler and not a measurement dimension.
+
+## Per-suite dim values
+
+For SQL query suites (everything that flows through
+`query_measurements`), the dim columns are populated as follows:
+
+| `BenchmarkArg` | `dataset` | `dataset_variant` | `scale_factor` | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| `TpcH` | `tpch` | NULL | TPC SF as string (`"1"`, `"10"`, `"100"`, `"1000"`) | |
+| `TpcDS` | `tpcds` | NULL | TPC SF as string | |
+| `ClickBench` | `clickbench` | flavor as string (`partitioned` / `single`) | NULL | The flavor lives in `dataset_variant`, not `dataset`. |
+| `StatPopGen` | `statpopgen` | NULL | n_rows as string | `scale_factor` here is the row count; the per-dataset interpretation of SF is documented in [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md). |
+| `PolarSignals` | `polarsignals` | NULL | n_rows as string | Same SF interpretation as StatPopGen. |
+| `Fineweb` | `fineweb` | NULL | NULL | |
+| `GhArchive` | `gharchive` | NULL | NULL | |
+| `PublicBi` | `public-bi` | dataset name (e.g. `cms-provider`) | NULL | The Public-BI sub-dataset name lives in `dataset_variant`. |
+
+For non-query suites:
+
+- `compress-bench`: `dataset` is the compression dataset name; if
+  the suite later grows variants, `dataset_variant` is available.
+- `random-access-bench`: `dataset` is the random-access dataset
+  name. No variant column on this table.
+- `vector-search-bench`: see the [vector_search_runs
+  table](./01-schema.md#vector_search_runs).
+
+## What this implies for the emitter
+
+The mapping above is the contract `vortex-bench --gh-json-v3`
+implements. Any v3 record an emitter writes today must land in
+exactly one of the five tables; if a future measurement type
+doesn't fit, that's the signal to add a sixth table (and a sixth
+`kind`) rather than overload one of these.
+
+The **historical migrator** will use the same mapping when it lands
+(it's deferred - see [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md#historical-data-migration)).
+The v2 classifier on `develop` at `benchmarks-website/server.js`
+becomes useful then, because the v2 S3 dump pre-dates the
+discriminator and we'll have to recover `kind` from name strings.
+For new ingest at alpha, no classifier is needed.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e462a9804c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Component: Emitter (alpha)
+
+## Required reading
+
+- [`../00-overview.md`](../00-overview.md)
+- [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md)
+- [`../benchmark-mapping.md`](../benchmark-mapping.md) - the
+  source-type → target-table mapping.
+
+## Goal
+
+Extend `vortex-bench` so it emits v3-shape JSON. Plus a small POST
+script that wraps the JSONL in an envelope and sends it to a
+running alpha server.
+
+This is **purely additive** to v2's emission path. Nothing in v2 is
+touched. CI workflow integration, dual-write, the orchestrator
+update, and the outbox safety net all wait until after the alpha
+loop works end-to-end (see [`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md)).
+
+## In scope
+
+### Rust emitter
+
+- Add a `--gh-json-v3 <path>` CLI flag that writes JSONL of bare
+  v3 records (no envelope). The legacy `-d gh-json -o ...` form is
+  untouched - both work at alpha.
+- Emit a record with the appropriate `kind` for every measurement
+  type produced today. The mapping from existing measurement
+  structs to wire `kind`s is the table in
+  [`../benchmark-mapping.md`](../benchmark-mapping.md).
+- Two non-obvious points (everything else is mechanical):
+  - `QueryMeasurement` and the paired `MemoryMeasurement` collapse
+    into **one** `query_measurement` record with both `value_ns`
+    and the four memory fields. If memory wasn't tracked, omit the
+    memory fields.
+  - Vector-search's `ScanTiming` doesn't carry its own dataset /
+    layout / threshold (those live in the binary's `Args`). The
+    emitter has to plumb them through to the record.
+- `CustomUnitMeasurement` cross-format ratios are **not emitted** -
+  ratios are computed in the read path.
+- Snapshot tests per `kind` (any framework), scrubbing `commit_sha`
+  and `env_triple`.
+
+### Post-ingest script
+
+A small Python script (path of the agent's choosing, e.g. under
+`scripts/`) that:
+
+- Reads JSONL of records.
+- Fills the `commit` envelope fields by shelling out to `git show`
+  (or equivalent) for the SHA passed as an argument.
+- Wraps the records in the envelope from
+  [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md).
+- POSTs to `<server>/api/ingest` with the bearer token.
+- Exits non-zero on 4xx / 5xx. **No retries, no spool, no S3
+  outbox at alpha** - those land when CI starts using this.
+
+## Out of scope (deferred)
+
+- Replacing the v2 `-d`/`-o` CLI form. Both forms coexist at alpha.
+- Removing the v2 `gh-json` emission path.
+- Updating `bench-orchestrator` or any GitHub Actions workflows.
+  Alpha runs are manual.
+- Retry / spool / outbox-drain on POST failures.
+
+See [`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md) for the post-alpha plan.
+
+## Acceptance criteria
+
+- `cargo test -p vortex-bench` passes; one snapshot per `kind`.
+- Running a benchmark with `--gh-json-v3 <path>` writes valid JSONL
+  matching the wire shape from
+  [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md).
+- The post-ingest script round-trips a fixture file through a
+  running alpha server (200 with non-zero `inserted` on first run,
+  200 with non-zero `updated` on second run).
+
+## Branch
+
+`claude/benchmarks-v3-emitter`
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..301bb7e4bf9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Component: Server (alpha)
+
+## Required reading
+
+- [`../00-overview.md`](../00-overview.md)
+- [`../01-schema.md`](../01-schema.md)
+- [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md)
+
+## Goal
+
+A single Rust binary: an HTTP server that owns a DuckDB file on
+local disk, accepts authenticated `/api/ingest` POSTs, and serves
+enough of a read API to render one chart page.
+
+This is the **alpha** version. It runs locally or on a dev box; no
+production deploy. Production deploy, backups, admin tooling, and
+historical data import are deferred (see
+[`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md)).
+
+The server crate lives at a path of the agent's choosing under
+`benchmarks-website/`, registered as a workspace member.
+
+## In scope
+
+- Open the DuckDB file and apply the schema DDL on boot. No
+  migration framework yet - if the schema changes during alpha,
+  delete the file and re-run.
+- Bearer-token middleware on `/api/ingest`. Token from
+  `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var, constant-time compared.
+- `POST /api/ingest`: parse the envelope from
+  [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md), upsert the commit,
+  dispatch each record to its destination fact table by `kind`,
+  enforce all-or-nothing per POST. Compute each row's
+  `measurement_id` server-side as part of the INSERT. Return
+  `{ inserted, updated }` aggregated across tables.
+- `GET /api/groups` and `GET /api/chart/:slug`: enough to render
+  one chart page. Slugs round-trip; the agent picks the format.
+- `GET /health`: enough to confirm the DB is open and ingest is
+  working (path, latest commit timestamp, per-table row counts -
+  exact shape is the agent's call).
+- Mount whatever HTML routes the web-ui component contributes.
+
+Framework, templating engine (`maud` or `askama`), DuckDB driver
+version, module layout, and DB-access concurrency model are the
+agent's call. Pin the DuckDB crate version in `Cargo.toml`.
+
+## Out of scope (deferred)
+
+Schema migrations, lookup tables, pre-built views, multi-page read
+API, admin endpoints, containerization, EBS mount, backups. See
+[`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md).
+
+## Acceptance criteria
+
+- `cargo build` succeeds for the server crate.
+- Integration test: POST a fixture envelope with a valid bearer →
+  200; POST again → 200 with `updated > 0, inserted = 0`; POST
+  with no/wrong bearer → 401; POST with an unknown `kind` → 400.
+- `GET /health` returns a coherent shape after an ingest.
+- `cargo run` for the server, pointed at a fresh DuckDB file,
+  serves both read routes locally.
+
+## Branch
+
+`claude/benchmarks-v3-server`
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..abf9e9de4a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Component: Web UI (alpha)
+
+## Required reading
+
+- [`../00-overview.md`](../00-overview.md)
+- [`../01-schema.md`](../01-schema.md)
+- [`../02-contracts.md`](../02-contracts.md) - the JSON shapes you
+  render against.
+
+## Goal
+
+Get something on screen. **One landing page** that lists groups and
+**one chart page** that renders a single chart. SSR HTML + a thin
+Chart.js hydration. That's it for alpha.
+
+This component develops in parallel against a fixture-populated
+DuckDB - no dependency on the live ingest path.
+
+## In scope
+
+- A fixture: a small DuckDB file (or a builder that produces one
+  from a JSONL fixture) covering all five fact tables with a
+  handful of records each. Used for dev and tests.
+- Landing page (`GET /`): list of groups with links into chart
+  pages, derived from `/api/groups`.
+- Chart page (`GET /chart/:slug`): one Chart.js line chart, data
+  embedded inline as a JSON `<script>` tag (no client-side
+  round-trip after page load).
+- Plain CSS. No client-side framework.
+
+Templating engine, exact module layout, fixture format, and any
+helper crates are the agent's call. If the server crate already
+chose `maud` vs `askama`, follow it.
+
+## Out of scope (deferred)
+
+- Per-commit page, full group landing with filters / modal /
+  zoom-pan, ad-hoc SQL page, mobile redesign.
+- Engine + category filters, search, full-screen modal, deep links.
+- LTTB downsampling.
+- Lookup-table-driven engine names and color palettes (use the raw
+  `engine:format` strings and a small fallback palette).
+- Summary cards (geomean ratios, rankings).
+
+See [`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md).
+
+## Acceptance criteria
+
+- Both routes render against the fixture DB.
+- The chart hydrates without a network round-trip after page load.
+- Snapshot test of the rendered HTML for both pages, against the
+  fixture.
+- Manually verified in a real browser; recorded in PR description.
+
+## Branch
+
+`claude/benchmarks-v3-web-ui`
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..080164d113e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Decisions
+
+A log of the decisions actually pinned for the alpha. Phase-2
+decisions deliberately stay open until we get there - see
+[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+
+## Resolved (alpha)
+
+- **Storage backend**: DuckDB on local disk.
+- **Single binary**: server is one Rust process - HTTP API + HTML
+  routes + DuckDB owner. No separate ingester service, no S3
+  coordination layer for writes, no client-side WASM.
+- **Server-side classifier**: there isn't one. The emitter writes
+  v3-shape records directly.
+- **Fact-table layout**: one fact table per measurement family
+  (`query_measurements`, `compression_times`, `compression_sizes`,
+  `random_access_times`, `vector_search_runs`) plus a `commits` dim
+  table. **No single wide fact table** with a discriminator column.
+  Rationale: the families have genuinely different dim and value
+  shapes; merging them either bloats every row with NULLs or splits
+  scan results across rows that have to be re-joined. See
+  [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
+- **Wire-format discrimination**: each ingest record carries a
+  `kind` field that names its destination table. See
+  [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md).
+- **`measurement_id` is server-internal**: each fact table has a
+  primary key that is a deterministic hash of its dim tuple, used
+  for idempotent upsert. The hash is **not on the wire**; the
+  emitter never computes it. Algorithm and encoding are the
+  server's call.
+- **Compression encode vs decode**: a single `compression_times`
+  table with an `op ∈ {encode, decode}` column.
+- **Compression sizes vs times**: separate tables. Different value
+  type (bytes vs ns) and different cardinality (one-shot vs
+  iterated).
+- **Storage of ratios**: not stored as rows. Computed at read time
+  from `compression_sizes`.
+- **Auth at alpha**: shared bearer token in an env var,
+  constant-time compared. Upgrade paths are deferred.
+- **Initial render**: SSR HTML with chart data embedded inline as
+  JSON. Client-side hydration runs Chart.js against that data.
+- **API backwards compat**: none. v3 designs fresh JSON shapes.
+- **CLI shape for emitters**: a new `--gh-json-v3 <path>` flag
+  alongside the existing `-d`/`-o` form. Both coexist during alpha;
+  consolidating the CLI is deferred.
+- **`--gh-json-v3` on-disk format**: JSONL of bare records, one
+  per line. The ingest envelope (`run_meta` + `commit`) is added
+  by the post-ingest script, not by the Rust emitter.
+- **`storage` values**: `nvme` or `s3`. Legacy `gcs` is removed.
+  Only `query_measurements` carries `storage`.
+- **`scale_factor`**: column on `query_measurements` only,
+  nullable. Populated for TPC-H/TPC-DS/StatPopGen/PolarSignals;
+  NULL for ClickBench/Fineweb/GhArchive/Public-BI. Categorical
+  variants (ClickBench flavor, Public-BI dataset name) go in a
+  separate `dataset_variant` column.
+- **No JSON escape hatch**: new benchmark parameters become real
+  columns.
+- **Commit metadata**: included in every `/api/ingest` payload. The
+  server never reaches out to GitHub.
+- **All-or-nothing transactions in `/api/ingest`**: yes; the
+  reported `inserted`/`updated` counts are aggregated across all
+  five tables.
+- **Per-iteration runtimes**: stored in-row as a list column.
+- **Slugs are opaque**: the web-ui treats slugs returned by
+  `/api/groups` as opaque strings and feeds them back unmodified
+  into `/api/chart/:slug`. The server picks the slug format.
+
+## Recommended (not pinned)
+
+These are starting points, not contracts. If the server agent has
+a stronger preference, change them.
+
+- HTTP framework: `axum`.
+- Compile-time HTML templates: `maud` (`askama` is fine).
+- DuckDB driver: `duckdb-rs`. Pin a version that supports
+  `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT (...) DO UPDATE`.
+
+## Open
+
+Specific column choices may still tighten as the emitter and server
+land - the **shape** (five tables, the listed dimensions per table)
+is the resolved decision. Phase-2 work is in
+[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md): deploy strategy, schema migration
+framework, admin auth, CI integration, downsampling, PR comparison
+post-cutover, EBS RPO. None of these block the alpha.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c1e578c612
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+<!--
+SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+-->
+
+# Deferred work (phase 2+)
+
+Things we know we need eventually, but **not in alpha**. Each item
+gets a one-paragraph stub here so we don't lose the thinking. None
+of these is being designed in detail right now: the path forward is
+clearer once the alpha loop (server + emitter + web-ui) is running
+end-to-end.
+
+The order below is roughly the expected pickup order, but nothing
+is binding.
+
+## Historical data migration
+
+A one-shot binary that reads `s3://vortex-ci-benchmark-results/data.json.gz`
++ `commits.json` + `file-sizes-*.json.gz` and writes a fully
+populated v3 DuckDB. Carries a bug-for-bug port of v2's
+`server.js::getGroup` classifier (the only place a classifier
+exists in the codebase). Verifies against `bench.vortex.dev`'s
+`/api/metadata` before dual-write opens; the binary and its
+classifier are deleted post-cutover. The v2 classifier and lookup
+tables to port from live on `develop` at
+`benchmarks-website/server.js` and `benchmarks-website/src/config.js`.
+
+## Production deploy
+
+Dockerfile + docker-compose + EC2 init + EBS mount + nightly DuckDB
+`.backup` to S3 + watchtower polling ghcr.io. Single-EC2 deploy,
+matching v2's footprint. RPO is bounded by snapshot cadence; if
+that's too loose, streaming WAL backup is a follow-up.
+
+## CI workflow integration
+
+Update `bench-orchestrator/runner/executor.py` to pass the new
+`--gh-json-v3` flag. Add a dual-write step in `bench.yml` and
+`sql-benchmarks.yml` that POSTs to the v3 server alongside the
+existing `cat-s3.sh` append. Add a `commit-metadata` step that POSTs
+`records: []` for every push to `develop`. Old `--gh-json` emission
+stays alive through cutover.
+
+## Outbox safety net
+
+When CI POSTs start landing in real volume, failed POSTs need
+somewhere to go. Plan: `post-ingest.py` falls back to dumping the
+payload to `s3://vortex-ci-benchmark-results/outbox/<run_id>/...`,
+and a `drain-ingest-outbox.yml` cron re-POSTs every 10 minutes,
+deleting on success. Not built until we observe a failure that needs
+it.
+
+## Schema migration framework
+
+A `schema_meta` table + forward-only `migrations/NNN_*.sql` files
+applied in lex order on boot. Tested by replaying against a recent
+prod backup before merge. Not needed at alpha (the DB is rebuilt on
+schema change); becomes essential once real data lives in the DB.
+
+## Lookup tables and seed SQL
+
+`known_engines` / `known_formats` / `known_datasets`: display names
+and color hex per row, populated from a seed SQL file applied on
+every boot. Replaces v2's `ENGINE_RENAMES` / `SERIES_COLOR_MAP`
+constants in `config.js`. Until this lands, the web-ui falls back to
+raw `engine:format` strings and a small palette.
+
+## Derived views
+
+`v_compression_ratios`, `v_latest_per_group`, etc. Replaces v2's
+stored `vortex:parquet ratio compress time/...` rows with on-the-fly
+SQL. Until the views land, handlers compute the same thing inline.
+
+## Multi-page UI
+
+The full v2 page inventory: per-group landing with engine/category
+filters, full-screen modal, zoom/pan, deep links, per-commit
+snapshot page, summary cards (geomean ratios, random-access
+rankings), ad-hoc SQL page, mobile-friendly redesign.
+
+## Admin tooling
+
+A `benchmarks-admin` CLI that talks to the running server over a
+unix-domain socket, file-permission-gated to the bench user. SSH
+access to the host = admin access. First commands: `health`,
+`reload-seed`, `backup-now`. Unix socket listener in the server is
+the integration point. No HTTP `/admin/*` surface.
+
+## Auth upgrades
+
+The shared bearer token in a GH Actions secret + EC2 env var is
+fine for alpha and likely for launch. Upgrade paths (post-launch):
+AWS ALB + Cognito + GitHub OIDC, Cloudflare Tunnel + Access, or
+server-side GitHub JWKS validation. Pick when an admin feature or
+a multi-tenant scenario actually needs it.
+
+## Cutover + cleanup
+
+DNS flip from v2 to v3. Subsequent cleanup PR removes:
+- The v2 React app + Node `server.js`.
+- The legacy `vortex-bench --gh-json` emission path.
+- `scripts/cat-s3.sh` and `scripts/commit-json.sh`.
+- The migrator crate and its bug-for-bug classifier.
+
+## CI PR comparison post-cutover
+
+`sql-benchmarks.yml` PR mode currently downloads `data.json.gz`
+from S3 to find a baseline. Post-cutover that file stops growing.
+Plan: point the comparator at the v3 server's
+`/api/chart/:slug?last=N`. Cleanup follows the cutover PR.
+
+## Downsampling
+
+LTTB-style downsampling at 1x/2x/4x/8x, like v2 does today. Not
+built until charts visibly suffer at full resolution. Implementation
+is a SQL window function at query time, memoized per
+`(slug, range, level)`. Doesn't change the schema either way.

From 0dd2c63b87ea4686fd6227aa5ee8109ad2e739fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2026 20:48:10 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 02/26] [claude] feat(bench): add `--gh-json-v3` emitter and
 post-ingest script (#7638)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

## Summary

Implements the alpha **emitter** component for `bench.vortex.dev` v3,
per

[`benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md`](https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/blob/ct/benchmarks-v3/benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md).

**Purely additive** to v2's emission path — the existing `-d gh-json -o
...`
form is untouched.

### Rust emitter (`vortex-bench`)

- New `vortex-bench/src/v3.rs` module with one record type per `kind`
  (`query_measurement`, `compression_time`, `compression_size`,
  `random_access_time`, `vector_search_run`) plus serde-tagged
  `V3Record` enum. Field shapes match

[`02-contracts.md`](https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/blob/ct/benchmarks-v3/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md);
  dataset/variant/scale-factor mapping follows

[`benchmark-mapping.md`](https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/blob/ct/benchmarks-v3/benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md).
- Each benchmark binary gains a `--gh-json-v3 <PATH>` flag that writes
  bare records as JSONL (no envelope), alongside the legacy
  `--display-format gh-json -o ...` flow:
  - `compress-bench` — `compression_time` (encode/decode) +
    `compression_size`. Cross-format ratios are **not** emitted; ratios
    are computed read-side per `decisions.md`.
  - `datafusion-bench`, `duckdb-bench`, `lance-bench` —
    `query_measurement`, with optional memory fields populated when
    `--track-memory` is on. `QueryMeasurement` and the paired
`MemoryMeasurement` collapse into one record
(`SqlBenchmarkRunner::v3_records`).
  - `random-access-bench` — `random_access_time`, with the dataset name
    plumbed alongside `TimingMeasurement`.
- `vector-search-bench` — `vector_search_run`, with `dataset`, `layout`,
`threshold`, `iterations` plumbed in (they don't live on `ScanTiming`).
- `insta` snapshot tests cover one record per `kind`, scrubbing
  `commit_sha` and `env_triple`.

### Post-ingest script

`scripts/post-ingest.py` (Python 3, stdlib only — `urllib`, `json`,
`subprocess`):
- reads JSONL of records,
- fills the `commit` envelope from `git show` for the SHA passed in,
- wraps in `{run_meta, commit, records}` per the contract,
- POSTs to `<server>/api/ingest` with `Authorization: Bearer ...` from
  `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN`,
- exits non-zero on 4xx/5xx. **No retries, no spool, no S3 outbox** —
  deferred per the alpha plan.

### Out of scope (deferred)

CI workflow integration, dual-write, `bench-orchestrator` updates,
retry/spool/outbox, replacing the v2 CLI form. All listed in

[`deferred.md`](https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/blob/ct/benchmarks-v3/benchmarks-website/planning/deferred.md).

## Test plan

- [x] `cargo test -p vortex-bench --lib` — 48 passed (7 new `v3` tests,
one snapshot per kind plus a JSONL round-trip).
- [x] `cargo build -p vortex-bench -p compress-bench -p datafusion-bench
-p duckdb-bench -p lance-bench -p random-access-bench -p
vector-search-bench` — all clean.
- [x] `cargo clippy --all-targets` on changed crates (skipping
`duckdb-bench`, blocked by an unrelated pre-existing
`cognitive_complexity` lint in `vortex-duckdb` on `ct/benchmarks-v3`).
- [x] `cargo +nightly fmt --all`.
- [x] End-to-end smoke: `scripts/post-ingest.py` against a Python
`http.server` mock — 200 → exit 0 with `{"inserted":1,"updated":0}`; 400
→ exit 1 with the server body on stderr.
- [ ] Real round-trip against an actual alpha server — blocked on the
server component landing (acceptance criterion 3 in the emitter plan;
verifiable once the server PR exists).

https://claude.ai/code/session_017qh4ju4FtkizW6s67JEhPW

---
_Generated by [Claude
Code](https://claude.ai/code/session_017qh4ju4FtkizW6s67JEhPW)_

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                                    |   1 +
 benchmarks/compress-bench/src/main.rs         |  54 +-
 benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs       |  10 +
 benchmarks/duckdb-bench/src/main.rs           |  10 +
 benchmarks/lance-bench/src/main.rs            |  10 +
 benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs    |  14 +
 benchmarks/vector-search-bench/src/main.rs    |  36 ++
 scripts/post-ingest.py                        | 195 ++++++
 vortex-bench/Cargo.toml                       |   3 +
 vortex-bench/REUSE.toml                       |   6 +
 vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs              |  10 +
 vortex-bench/src/datasets/mod.rs              |  11 +
 vortex-bench/src/lib.rs                       |   1 +
 vortex-bench/src/public_bi.rs                 |   4 +
 vortex-bench/src/runner.rs                    |  18 +
 ..._v3__tests__snapshot_compression_size.snap |  11 +
 ...sts__snapshot_compression_time_encode.snap |  18 +
 ...ot_compression_time_public_bi_variant.snap |  19 +
 ...ement_clickbench_no_memory@clickbench.snap |  19 +
 ...y_measurement_with_memory@with_memory.snap |  25 +
 ...3__tests__snapshot_random_access_time.snap |  17 +
 ...v3__tests__snapshot_vector_search_run.snap |  23 +
 vortex-bench/src/v3.rs                        | 574 ++++++++++++++++++
 23 files changed, 1085 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 scripts/post-ingest.py
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_size.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_encode.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_public_bi_variant.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_clickbench_no_memory@clickbench.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_with_memory@with_memory.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_random_access_time.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_vector_search_run.snap
 create mode 100644 vortex-bench/src/v3.rs

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index f9fd5e6e960..c66aafa55db 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -10157,6 +10157,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "glob",
  "humansize",
  "indicatif",
+ "insta",
  "itertools 0.14.0",
  "mimalloc",
  "noodles-bgzf",
diff --git a/benchmarks/compress-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/compress-bench/src/main.rs
index 4800d3d6772..ce48001abb5 100644
--- a/benchmarks/compress-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/compress-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ use vortex_bench::public_bi::PBIDataset::Euro2016;
 use vortex_bench::public_bi::PBIDataset::Food;
 use vortex_bench::public_bi::PBIDataset::HashTags;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing_with_format;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 
 #[derive(Parser, Debug)]
 #[command(version, about, long_about = None)]
@@ -68,6 +69,10 @@ struct Args {
     display_format: DisplayFormat,
     #[arg(short, long)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
     #[arg(long)]
     tracing: bool,
     /// Format for the primary stderr log sink. `text` is the default human-readable format;
@@ -89,6 +94,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         args.ops,
         args.display_format,
         args.output_path,
+        args.gh_json_v3,
     )
     .await
 }
@@ -114,6 +120,7 @@ async fn run_compress(
     ops: Vec<CompressOp>,
     display_format: DisplayFormat,
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let targets = formats
         .iter()
@@ -163,17 +170,24 @@ async fn run_compress(
     let progress = ProgressBar::new((datasets.len() * formats.len() * ops.len()) as u64);
 
     let mut measurements = vec![];
+    let mut v3_records: Vec<v3::V3Record> = Vec::new();
 
     for dataset_handle in datasets.into_iter() {
-        let m = run_benchmark_for_dataset(&progress, &formats, &ops, iterations, dataset_handle)
-            .await?;
+        let (m, mut records) =
+            run_benchmark_for_dataset(&progress, &formats, &ops, iterations, dataset_handle)
+                .await?;
         measurements.push(m);
+        v3_records.append(&mut records);
     }
 
     let measurements = CompressMeasurements::from_iter(measurements);
 
     progress.finish();
 
+    if let Some(path) = gh_json_v3 {
+        v3::write_jsonl_to_path(&path, &v3_records)?;
+    }
+
     let mut writer = create_output_writer(&display_format, output_path, BENCHMARK_ID)?;
 
     match display_format {
@@ -202,8 +216,9 @@ async fn run_benchmark_for_dataset(
     ops: &[CompressOp],
     iterations: usize,
     dataset_handle: &dyn Dataset,
-) -> anyhow::Result<CompressMeasurements> {
+) -> anyhow::Result<(CompressMeasurements, Vec<v3::V3Record>)> {
     let bench_name = dataset_handle.name();
+    let (v3_dataset, v3_variant) = dataset_handle.v3_dataset_dims();
     tracing::info!("Running {bench_name} benchmark");
 
     // Get the parquet file path for this dataset
@@ -213,6 +228,7 @@ async fn run_benchmark_for_dataset(
     let mut timings = Vec::new();
     let mut measurements_map: HashMap<(Format, CompressOp), Duration> = HashMap::new();
     let mut compressed_sizes: HashMap<Format, u64> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut v3_records: Vec<v3::V3Record> = Vec::new();
 
     for format in formats {
         let compressor = get_compressor(*format);
@@ -228,6 +244,24 @@ async fn run_benchmark_for_dataset(
                     )
                     .await?;
                     compressed_sizes.insert(*format, result.compressed_size);
+                    let all_runs_ns: Vec<u64> = result
+                        .all_runs
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|d| u64::try_from(d.as_nanos()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX))
+                        .collect();
+                    v3_records.push(v3::compression_time_record(
+                        &result.timing,
+                        v3_dataset,
+                        v3_variant,
+                        CompressOp::Compress,
+                        all_runs_ns,
+                    ));
+                    v3_records.push(v3::compression_size_record(
+                        v3_dataset,
+                        v3_variant,
+                        *format,
+                        result.compressed_size,
+                    ));
                     ratios.extend(result.ratios);
                     timings.push(result.timing);
                     result.time
@@ -240,6 +274,18 @@ async fn run_benchmark_for_dataset(
                         bench_name,
                     )
                     .await?;
+                    let all_runs_ns: Vec<u64> = result
+                        .all_runs
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|d| u64::try_from(d.as_nanos()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX))
+                        .collect();
+                    v3_records.push(v3::compression_time_record(
+                        &result.timing,
+                        v3_dataset,
+                        v3_variant,
+                        CompressOp::Decompress,
+                        all_runs_ns,
+                    ));
                     timings.push(result.timing);
                     result.time
                 }
@@ -258,5 +304,5 @@ async fn run_benchmark_for_dataset(
         &mut ratios,
     );
 
-    Ok(CompressMeasurements { timings, ratios })
+    Ok((CompressMeasurements { timings, ratios }, v3_records))
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
index 745d8371303..3f264e758f7 100644
--- a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ use vortex_bench::runner::BenchmarkQueryResult;
 use vortex_bench::runner::SqlBenchmarkRunner;
 use vortex_bench::runner::filter_queries;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 use vortex_datafusion::metrics::VortexMetricsFinder;
 
 /// Common arguments shared across benchmarks
@@ -82,6 +83,11 @@ struct Args {
     #[arg(short)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
 
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
+
     #[arg(long, default_value_t = false)]
     show_metrics: bool,
 
@@ -226,6 +232,10 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             print_metrics(plans.as_ref());
         }
 
+        if let Some(path) = args.gh_json_v3.as_ref() {
+            v3::write_jsonl_to_path(path, &runner.v3_records())?;
+        }
+
         let benchmark_id = format!("datafusion-{}", benchmark.dataset_name());
         let writer = create_output_writer(&args.display_format, args.output_path, &benchmark_id)?;
         runner.export_to(&args.display_format, writer)?;
diff --git a/benchmarks/duckdb-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/duckdb-bench/src/main.rs
index d8a3306b224..b2a4ff1bd15 100644
--- a/benchmarks/duckdb-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/duckdb-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use vortex_bench::runner::BenchmarkMode;
 use vortex_bench::runner::SqlBenchmarkRunner;
 use vortex_bench::runner::filter_queries;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 
 /// Common arguments shared across benchmarks
 #[derive(Parser)]
@@ -58,6 +59,11 @@ struct Args {
     #[arg(short)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
 
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
+
     #[arg(long, default_value_t = false)]
     track_memory: bool,
 
@@ -190,6 +196,10 @@ fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     )?;
 
     if !args.explain {
+        if let Some(path) = args.gh_json_v3.as_ref() {
+            v3::write_jsonl_to_path(path, &runner.v3_records())?;
+        }
+
         let benchmark_id = format!("duckdb-{}", benchmark.dataset_name());
         let writer = create_output_writer(&args.display_format, args.output_path, &benchmark_id)?;
         runner.export_to(&args.display_format, writer)?;
diff --git a/benchmarks/lance-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/lance-bench/src/main.rs
index 6cce97d2548..ca65f0c74c7 100644
--- a/benchmarks/lance-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/lance-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ use vortex_bench::runner::BenchmarkQueryResult;
 use vortex_bench::runner::SqlBenchmarkRunner;
 use vortex_bench::runner::filter_queries;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 
 /// Lance benchmark tool - runs SQL queries against Lance format data using DataFusion
 #[derive(Parser)]
@@ -59,6 +60,11 @@ struct Args {
     #[arg(short)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
 
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
+
     #[arg(long, default_value_t = false)]
     hide_progress_bar: bool,
 
@@ -124,6 +130,10 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         )
         .await?;
 
+    if let Some(path) = args.gh_json_v3.as_ref() {
+        v3::write_jsonl_to_path(path, &runner.v3_records())?;
+    }
+
     let benchmark_id = format!("lance-{}", benchmark.dataset_name());
     let writer = create_output_writer(&args.display_format, args.output_path, &benchmark_id)?;
     runner.export_to(&args.display_format, writer)?;
diff --git a/benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs
index 852332528a8..b3c85211f6f 100644
--- a/benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ use vortex_bench::random_access::RandomAccessor;
 use vortex_bench::random_access::VortexRandomAccessor;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing;
 use vortex_bench::utils::constants::STORAGE_NVME;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Access patterns
@@ -173,6 +174,10 @@ struct Args {
     display_format: DisplayFormat,
     #[arg(short)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
     /// Which datasets to benchmark random access on.
     #[arg(
         long,
@@ -205,6 +210,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
         args.open_mode,
         args.display_format,
         args.output_path,
+        args.gh_json_v3,
     )
     .await
 }
@@ -340,6 +346,7 @@ async fn run_random_access(
     open_mode: OpenMode,
     display_format: DisplayFormat,
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     let reopen_variants: &[bool] = match open_mode {
         OpenMode::Cached => &[false],
@@ -358,6 +365,7 @@ async fn run_random_access(
 
     let mut targets = Vec::new();
     let mut measurements = Vec::new();
+    let mut v3_records: Vec<v3::V3Record> = Vec::new();
 
     for dataset in datasets {
         for format in &formats {
@@ -380,6 +388,7 @@ async fn run_random_access(
                     )
                     .await?;
 
+                    v3_records.push(v3::random_access_record(&measurement, dataset.name()));
                     targets.push(measurement.target);
                     measurements.push(measurement);
                     progress.inc(1);
@@ -406,6 +415,7 @@ async fn run_random_access(
                     )
                     .await?;
 
+                    v3_records.push(v3::random_access_record(&measurement, dataset.name()));
                     targets.push(measurement.target);
                     measurements.push(measurement);
                     progress.inc(1);
@@ -416,6 +426,10 @@ async fn run_random_access(
 
     progress.finish();
 
+    if let Some(path) = gh_json_v3 {
+        v3::write_jsonl_to_path(&path, &v3_records)?;
+    }
+
     let mut writer = create_output_writer(&display_format, output_path, BENCHMARK_ID)?;
 
     match display_format {
diff --git a/benchmarks/vector-search-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/vector-search-bench/src/main.rs
index 626e3bfce50..440de142bef 100644
--- a/benchmarks/vector-search-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/vector-search-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ use vector_search_bench::scan::ScanConfig;
 use vector_search_bench::scan::ScanTiming;
 use vector_search_bench::scan::run_search_scan;
 use vortex_bench::setup_logging_and_tracing;
+use vortex_bench::v3;
 use vortex_bench::vector_dataset;
 use vortex_bench::vector_dataset::TrainLayout;
 use vortex_bench::vector_dataset::VectorDataset;
@@ -71,6 +72,11 @@ struct Args {
     #[arg(long)]
     output_path: Option<PathBuf>,
 
+    /// Additionally write v3 JSONL records to this path. See
+    /// `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`.
+    #[arg(long)]
+    gh_json_v3: Option<PathBuf>,
+
     /// Emit verbose tracing.
     #[arg(short, long)]
     verbose: bool,
@@ -143,6 +149,36 @@ async fn main() -> Result<()> {
         vortex_results: &pairs,
     };
 
+    // Emit v3 JSONL if requested. The records carry the per-scan dimensions that
+    // ScanTiming itself does not (dataset, layout, threshold).
+    if let Some(path) = args.gh_json_v3.as_ref() {
+        let records: Vec<v3::V3Record> = scan_timings
+            .iter()
+            .map(|scan| {
+                let all_runs_ns: Vec<u64> = scan
+                    .all_runs
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|d| u64::try_from(d.as_nanos()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX))
+                    .collect();
+                let median_ns = u64::try_from(scan.median.as_nanos()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
+                v3::vector_search_record(
+                    v3::VectorSearchDims {
+                        dataset: dataset.name(),
+                        layout: layout.label(),
+                        flavor: scan.flavor.label(),
+                        threshold: f64::from(args.threshold),
+                    },
+                    median_ns,
+                    all_runs_ns,
+                    scan.matches,
+                    scan.rows_scanned,
+                    scan.bytes_scanned,
+                )
+            })
+            .collect();
+        v3::write_jsonl_to_path(path, &records)?;
+    }
+
     // Print the results.
     if let Some(path) = args.output_path {
         let mut file =
diff --git a/scripts/post-ingest.py b/scripts/post-ingest.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..2e7cb8edf7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/post-ingest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# /// script
+# requires-python = ">=3.11"
+# dependencies = []
+# ///
+
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+"""Wrap a `--gh-json-v3` JSONL file in an envelope and POST to /api/ingest.
+
+Reads bare v3 records from a JSONL file produced by `vortex-bench --gh-json-v3`,
+fills the `commit` envelope by shelling out to `git show`, and POSTs the
+envelope to `<server>/api/ingest` with a bearer token.
+
+Standard library only -- urllib, json, subprocess. No retries, no spool, no
+outbox. See `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md` and
+`benchmarks-website/planning/components/emitter.md`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+from pathlib import Path
+
+SCHEMA_VERSION = 1
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="POST a v3 JSONL records file to /api/ingest.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "jsonl_path",
+        type=Path,
+        help="Path to the JSONL file written by vortex-bench --gh-json-v3.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--server",
+        required=True,
+        help="Server base URL, e.g. http://localhost:8080.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--commit-sha",
+        required=True,
+        help="40-hex commit SHA. Usually ${{ github.sha }} in CI.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--benchmark-id",
+        required=True,
+        help="Run identifier echoed back in run_meta.benchmark_id.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--token-env",
+        default="INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN",
+        help="Env var holding the bearer token (default: INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN).",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--repo-url",
+        default="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex",
+        help="Base repo URL used to build the commits.url field.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--git-dir",
+        type=Path,
+        default=None,
+        help="Run `git show` in this directory (default: current directory).",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--timeout",
+        type=float,
+        default=30.0,
+        help="HTTP timeout in seconds (default: 30).",
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def read_records(path: Path) -> list[dict]:
+    records: list[dict] = []
+    with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as fp:
+        for line_no, line in enumerate(fp, start=1):
+            line = line.strip()
+            if not line:
+                continue
+            try:
+                records.append(json.loads(line))
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+                raise SystemExit(f"{path}:{line_no}: invalid JSON: {exc}") from exc
+    return records
+
+
+def git_show_field(sha: str, fmt: str, cwd: Path | None) -> str:
+    """Run `git show -s --format=<fmt> <sha>` and return its stdout (stripped)."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "show", "-s", f"--format={fmt}", sha],
+        cwd=cwd,
+        check=True,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    return result.stdout.strip()
+
+
+def build_commit(sha: str, repo_url: str, git_dir: Path | None) -> dict:
+    sha = sha.strip().lower()
+    if len(sha) != 40 or any(c not in "0123456789abcdef" for c in sha):
+        raise SystemExit(f"commit SHA must be 40-hex lowercase, got: {sha!r}")
+
+    timestamp = git_show_field(sha, "%cI", git_dir)
+    message = git_show_field(sha, "%s", git_dir)
+    author_name = git_show_field(sha, "%an", git_dir)
+    author_email = git_show_field(sha, "%ae", git_dir)
+    committer_name = git_show_field(sha, "%cn", git_dir)
+    committer_email = git_show_field(sha, "%ce", git_dir)
+    tree_sha = git_show_field(sha, "%T", git_dir)
+
+    return {
+        "sha": sha,
+        "timestamp": timestamp,
+        "message": message,
+        "author_name": author_name,
+        "author_email": author_email,
+        "committer_name": committer_name,
+        "committer_email": committer_email,
+        "tree_sha": tree_sha,
+        "url": f"{repo_url.rstrip('/')}/commit/{sha}",
+    }
+
+
+def post(server: str, envelope: dict, token: str, timeout: float) -> tuple[int, bytes]:
+    body = json.dumps(envelope).encode("utf-8")
+    url = f"{server.rstrip('/')}/api/ingest"
+    request = urllib.request.Request(
+        url,
+        data=body,
+        method="POST",
+        headers={
+            "Content-Type": "application/json",
+            "Authorization": f"Bearer {token}",
+        },
+    )
+    try:
+        with urllib.request.urlopen(request, timeout=timeout) as response:
+            return response.status, response.read()
+    except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
+        return exc.code, exc.read()
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    token = os.environ.get(args.token_env)
+    if not token:
+        print(
+            f"error: env var {args.token_env} is not set",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 2
+
+    records = read_records(args.jsonl_path)
+    commit = build_commit(args.commit_sha, args.repo_url, args.git_dir)
+
+    envelope = {
+        "run_meta": {
+            "benchmark_id": args.benchmark_id,
+            "schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+            "started_at": datetime.now(UTC).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"),
+        },
+        "commit": commit,
+        "records": records,
+    }
+
+    status, body = post(args.server, envelope, token, args.timeout)
+    body_text = body.decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+
+    if status >= 400:
+        print(
+            f"error: POST {args.server}/api/ingest -> {status}\n{body_text}",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    print(body_text)
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    raise SystemExit(main())
diff --git a/vortex-bench/Cargo.toml b/vortex-bench/Cargo.toml
index 2e1e1a9a423..fc1766c599f 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vortex-bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -67,5 +67,8 @@ tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = [
 url = { workspace = true }
 uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["v4"] }
 
+[dev-dependencies]
+insta = { workspace = true }
+
 [features]
 unstable_encodings = ["vortex/unstable_encodings"]
diff --git a/vortex-bench/REUSE.toml b/vortex-bench/REUSE.toml
index 12dcf5d707f..5fb9bd33466 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/REUSE.toml
+++ b/vortex-bench/REUSE.toml
@@ -9,3 +9,9 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier = "Apache-2.0"
 path = "**/*.csv"
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText = "Copyright the Vortex contributors"
 SPDX-License-Identifier = "Apache-2.0"
+
+# `insta` snapshot files do not allow leading comment lines.
+[[annotations]]
+path = "src/snapshots/**.snap"
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText = "Copyright the Vortex contributors"
+SPDX-License-Identifier = "Apache-2.0"
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs b/vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs
index 41e1e53a65c..87336ab0768 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/compress/mod.rs
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ pub struct CompressResult {
     pub time: Duration,
     pub compressed_size: u64,
     pub timing: CompressionTimingMeasurement,
+    /// Per-iteration encode wall times. Captured for v3 emission.
+    pub all_runs: Vec<Duration>,
     pub ratios: Vec<CustomUnitMeasurement>,
 }
 
@@ -71,6 +73,8 @@ pub struct CompressResult {
 pub struct DecompressResult {
     pub time: Duration,
     pub timing: CompressionTimingMeasurement,
+    /// Per-iteration decode wall times. Captured for v3 emission.
+    pub all_runs: Vec<Duration>,
 }
 
 /// Trait for format-specific compression/decompression operations.
@@ -111,12 +115,14 @@ pub async fn benchmark_compress(
     let format = compressor.format();
     let mut fastest = Duration::MAX;
     let mut compressed_size = 0u64;
+    let mut all_runs = Vec::with_capacity(iterations);
 
     for _ in 0..iterations {
         let (size, elapsed) = compressor.compress(parquet_path).await?;
 
         compressed_size = size;
         fastest = fastest.min(elapsed);
+        all_runs.push(elapsed);
     }
 
     let ratios = vec![CustomUnitMeasurement {
@@ -136,6 +142,7 @@ pub async fn benchmark_compress(
         time: fastest,
         compressed_size,
         timing,
+        all_runs,
         ratios,
     })
 }
@@ -151,11 +158,13 @@ pub async fn benchmark_decompress(
 ) -> Result<DecompressResult> {
     let format = compressor.format();
     let mut fastest = Duration::MAX;
+    let mut all_runs = Vec::with_capacity(iterations);
 
     for _ in 0..iterations {
         let elapsed = compressor.decompress(parquet_path).await?;
 
         fastest = fastest.min(elapsed);
+        all_runs.push(elapsed);
     }
 
     let timing = CompressionTimingMeasurement {
@@ -167,6 +176,7 @@ pub async fn benchmark_decompress(
     Ok(DecompressResult {
         time: fastest,
         timing,
+        all_runs,
     })
 }
 
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/datasets/mod.rs b/vortex-bench/src/datasets/mod.rs
index 7136d5451e1..7a499ff6998 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/src/datasets/mod.rs
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/datasets/mod.rs
@@ -37,6 +37,17 @@ pub(crate) fn normalize_benchmark_runner_id(benchmark_runner: &str) -> String {
 pub trait Dataset {
     fn name(&self) -> &str;
 
+    /// Map this dataset to the v3 `(dataset, dataset_variant)` pair.
+    ///
+    /// Default: `(name(), None)`. Override for suites that have a parent
+    /// namespace and a sub-dataset (e.g. Public-BI emits
+    /// `dataset = "public-bi"`, `dataset_variant = "<sub-dataset name>"`).
+    /// The convention matches the SQL query path; see the per-suite dim
+    /// values table in `benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md`.
+    fn v3_dataset_dims(&self) -> (&str, Option<&str>) {
+        (self.name(), None)
+    }
+
     async fn to_vortex_array(&self, ctx: &mut ExecutionCtx) -> Result<ArrayRef>;
 
     /// Get the path to the parquet file for this dataset.
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/lib.rs b/vortex-bench/src/lib.rs
index db9bd69c6ce..77d9da1e235 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/lib.rs
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ pub mod statpopgen;
 pub mod tpcds;
 pub mod tpch;
 pub mod utils;
+pub mod v3;
 pub mod vector_dataset;
 
 pub use benchmark::Benchmark;
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/public_bi.rs b/vortex-bench/src/public_bi.rs
index 7406347d370..2058a6335b5 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/src/public_bi.rs
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/public_bi.rs
@@ -453,6 +453,10 @@ impl Dataset for PBIBenchmark {
         &self.name
     }
 
+    fn v3_dataset_dims(&self) -> (&str, Option<&str>) {
+        ("public-bi", Some(&self.name))
+    }
+
     async fn to_vortex_array(&self, _ctx: &mut ExecutionCtx) -> anyhow::Result<ArrayRef> {
         let dataset = self.dataset()?;
         dataset.write_as_vortex().await?;
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/runner.rs b/vortex-bench/src/runner.rs
index 3885bace2af..b3ea8b5c1b3 100644
--- a/vortex-bench/src/runner.rs
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/runner.rs
@@ -260,6 +260,24 @@ impl SqlBenchmarkRunner {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Build v3 `query_measurement` records from the runner's collected results.
+    ///
+    /// Each [`QueryMeasurement`] is paired with its matching [`MemoryMeasurement`]
+    /// (matched on `(query_idx, target)`); pairs collapse into one record. If
+    /// `--track-memory` was off, no memory pair exists and the memory fields are
+    /// omitted from the record.
+    pub fn v3_records(&self) -> Vec<crate::v3::V3Record> {
+        let mut records = Vec::with_capacity(self.query_measurements.len());
+        for qm in &self.query_measurements {
+            let memory = self
+                .memory_measurements
+                .iter()
+                .find(|m| m.query_idx == qm.query_idx && m.target == qm.target);
+            records.push(crate::v3::query_measurement_record(qm, memory));
+        }
+        records
+    }
+
     /// Run (or explain) all queries for all formats synchronously.
     ///
     /// In `Run` mode, executes each query `iterations` times, collecting timing.
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_size.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_size.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3a4ed1aa8a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_size.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "compression_size",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "taxi",
+  "format": "lance",
+  "value_bytes": 12345678
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_encode.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_encode.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f06edba7b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_encode.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "compression_time",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "taxi",
+  "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+  "op": "encode",
+  "value_ns": 5000000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    5500000,
+    5000000,
+    5200000
+  ],
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_public_bi_variant.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_public_bi_variant.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3778451ab93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_compression_time_public_bi_variant.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)?
+---
+{
+  "kind": "compression_time",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "public-bi",
+  "dataset_variant": "cms-provider",
+  "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+  "op": "encode",
+  "value_ns": 5000000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    5500000,
+    5000000,
+    5200000
+  ],
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_clickbench_no_memory@clickbench.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_clickbench_no_memory@clickbench.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f3273b62a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_clickbench_no_memory@clickbench.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "query_measurement",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "clickbench",
+  "dataset_variant": "partitioned",
+  "query_idx": 1,
+  "storage": "s3",
+  "engine": "duckdb",
+  "format": "parquet",
+  "value_ns": 2000000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    2000000
+  ],
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_with_memory@with_memory.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_with_memory@with_memory.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a71d950940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_query_measurement_with_memory@with_memory.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "query_measurement",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "tpch",
+  "scale_factor": "10",
+  "query_idx": 3,
+  "storage": "nvme",
+  "engine": "datafusion",
+  "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+  "value_ns": 1000000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    1000000,
+    1200000,
+    900000
+  ],
+  "peak_physical": 8192,
+  "peak_virtual": 16384,
+  "physical_delta": 1024,
+  "virtual_delta": 4096,
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_random_access_time.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_random_access_time.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6fce08f5ee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_random_access_time.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "random_access_time",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "taxi",
+  "format": "parquet",
+  "value_ns": 850000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    800000,
+    900000,
+    850000
+  ],
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_vector_search_run.snap b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_vector_search_run.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ae632d1bbd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/snapshots/vortex_bench__v3__tests__snapshot_vector_search_run.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+source: vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
+expression: render(&record)
+---
+{
+  "kind": "vector_search_run",
+  "commit_sha": "<commit-sha>",
+  "dataset": "cohere-large-10m",
+  "layout": "partitioned",
+  "flavor": "vortex-turboquant",
+  "threshold": 0.85,
+  "value_ns": 42000000,
+  "all_runtimes_ns": [
+    45000000,
+    42000000,
+    41000000
+  ],
+  "matches": 123,
+  "rows_scanned": 10000000,
+  "bytes_scanned": 512000000,
+  "iterations": 3,
+  "env_triple": "<env-triple>"
+}
diff --git a/vortex-bench/src/v3.rs b/vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..58249a3277f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-bench/src/v3.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,574 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! v3 wire-format records emitted by `--gh-json-v3`.
+//!
+//! See `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md` for the discriminated record
+//! format and `benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md` for the destination
+//! tables. The records emitted here are bare: the post-ingest envelope
+//! (`run_meta` + `commit`) is added by `scripts/post-ingest.py` before POSTing
+//! to `/api/ingest`.
+//!
+//! This module is purely additive to the existing `gh-json` emission path.
+
+use std::io::Write;
+use std::sync::LazyLock;
+
+use serde::Serialize;
+use target_lexicon::Triple;
+
+use crate::BenchmarkDataset;
+use crate::Engine;
+use crate::Format;
+use crate::clickbench::Flavor;
+use crate::compress::CompressOp;
+use crate::measurements::CompressionTimingMeasurement;
+use crate::measurements::MemoryMeasurement;
+use crate::measurements::QueryMeasurement;
+use crate::measurements::TimingMeasurement;
+use crate::utils::GIT_COMMIT_ID;
+
+/// `(architecture, operating_system, environment)` triple for the host running the benchmark.
+///
+/// Cached for the lifetime of the process; the host triple does not change.
+pub static ENV_TRIPLE: LazyLock<String> = LazyLock::new(|| {
+    let host = Triple::host();
+    format!(
+        "{}-{}-{}",
+        host.architecture, host.operating_system, host.environment
+    )
+});
+
+/// Wire-format kind discriminator. One value per fact table.
+///
+/// Each variant flattens its inner record next to a `"kind"` field, matching the
+/// shape consumed by `/api/ingest`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum V3Record {
+    /// SQL query suite measurement (TPC-H/TPC-DS/ClickBench/...).
+    QueryMeasurement(QueryMeasurementRecord),
+    /// `compress-bench` encode/decode timing.
+    CompressionTime(CompressionTimeRecord),
+    /// `compress-bench` on-disk size.
+    CompressionSize(CompressionSizeRecord),
+    /// `random-access-bench` take timing.
+    RandomAccessTime(RandomAccessTimeRecord),
+    /// `vector-search-bench` cosine-similarity scan run.
+    VectorSearchRun(VectorSearchRunRecord),
+}
+
+/// A single SQL-query measurement, fused from a [`QueryMeasurement`] and an
+/// optional paired [`MemoryMeasurement`].
+///
+/// Memory fields are populated together (all four or none), matching the
+/// `--track-memory` instrumentation.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct QueryMeasurementRecord {
+    /// 40-hex lowercase commit SHA.
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    /// Top-level dataset name (`tpch`, `tpcds`, `clickbench`, ...).
+    pub dataset: String,
+    /// ClickBench flavor (`partitioned`/`single`) or Public-BI sub-dataset name.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    /// TPC scale factor or `n_rows` for StatPopGen / PolarSignals.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub scale_factor: Option<String>,
+    /// 1-based query index within the suite.
+    pub query_idx: u32,
+    /// Storage backend the run targeted (`nvme` or `s3`).
+    pub storage: String,
+    /// Query engine (`datafusion`, `duckdb`, `vortex`, `arrow`).
+    pub engine: String,
+    /// On-disk format (`parquet`, `vortex-file-compressed`, `lance`, ...).
+    pub format: String,
+    /// Median per-iteration wall time in nanoseconds.
+    pub value_ns: u64,
+    /// Per-iteration wall times in nanoseconds.
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<u64>,
+    /// Peak resident-set bytes during the query, when memory tracking was on.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub peak_physical: Option<u64>,
+    /// Peak virtual-memory bytes during the query, when memory tracking was on.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub peak_virtual: Option<u64>,
+    /// Resident-set delta across the query, when memory tracking was on.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub physical_delta: Option<i64>,
+    /// Virtual-memory delta across the query, when memory tracking was on.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub virtual_delta: Option<i64>,
+    /// Host environment triple (e.g. `x86_64-linux-gnu`).
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// A single encode-or-decode timing from `compress-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct CompressionTimeRecord {
+    /// 40-hex lowercase commit SHA.
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    /// Compression dataset name.
+    pub dataset: String,
+    /// Optional dataset variant (reserved; unused at alpha).
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    /// On-disk format the timing applies to.
+    pub format: String,
+    /// `encode` or `decode`.
+    pub op: String,
+    /// Best-of-N wall time in nanoseconds.
+    pub value_ns: u64,
+    /// Per-iteration wall times in nanoseconds.
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<u64>,
+    /// Host environment triple.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// On-disk size of a compressed file from `compress-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct CompressionSizeRecord {
+    /// 40-hex lowercase commit SHA.
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    /// Compression dataset name.
+    pub dataset: String,
+    /// Optional dataset variant (reserved; unused at alpha).
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    /// On-disk format the size applies to.
+    pub format: String,
+    /// Size in bytes.
+    pub value_bytes: u64,
+}
+
+/// A single take-time timing from `random-access-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct RandomAccessTimeRecord {
+    /// 40-hex lowercase commit SHA.
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    /// Random-access dataset name (different namespace from SQL suites).
+    pub dataset: String,
+    /// On-disk format the timing applies to.
+    pub format: String,
+    /// Median per-iteration wall time in nanoseconds.
+    pub value_ns: u64,
+    /// Per-iteration wall times in nanoseconds.
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<u64>,
+    /// Host environment triple.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// A single cosine-similarity scan from `vector-search-bench`.
+///
+/// Carries timing **and** the side counters in one row, mirroring the
+/// `vector_search_runs` fact table.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
+pub struct VectorSearchRunRecord {
+    /// 40-hex lowercase commit SHA.
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    /// Vector dataset name (e.g. `cohere-large-10m`).
+    pub dataset: String,
+    /// Train-split layout label (e.g. `partitioned`).
+    pub layout: String,
+    /// Compression flavor label (e.g. `vortex-turboquant`).
+    pub flavor: String,
+    /// Cosine threshold passed to the scan filter.
+    pub threshold: f64,
+    /// Median per-iteration wall time in nanoseconds.
+    pub value_ns: u64,
+    /// Per-iteration wall times in nanoseconds.
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<u64>,
+    /// Number of rows that survived the cosine filter.
+    pub matches: u64,
+    /// Total rows scanned.
+    pub rows_scanned: u64,
+    /// Total on-disk bytes scanned.
+    pub bytes_scanned: u64,
+    /// Number of timed iterations.
+    pub iterations: u32,
+    /// Host environment triple.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Map a [`BenchmarkDataset`] to the `(dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor)`
+/// triple emitted in `query_measurement` records.
+///
+/// Mirrors the `Per-suite dim values` table in
+/// `benchmarks-website/planning/benchmark-mapping.md`.
+pub fn benchmark_dataset_dims(d: &BenchmarkDataset) -> (String, Option<String>, Option<String>) {
+    match d {
+        BenchmarkDataset::TpcH { scale_factor } => {
+            ("tpch".to_string(), None, Some(scale_factor.clone()))
+        }
+        BenchmarkDataset::TpcDS { scale_factor } => {
+            ("tpcds".to_string(), None, Some(scale_factor.clone()))
+        }
+        BenchmarkDataset::ClickBench { flavor } => {
+            let variant = match flavor {
+                Flavor::Partitioned => "partitioned",
+                Flavor::Single => "single",
+            };
+            ("clickbench".to_string(), Some(variant.to_string()), None)
+        }
+        BenchmarkDataset::PublicBi { name } => ("public-bi".to_string(), Some(name.clone()), None),
+        BenchmarkDataset::StatPopGen { n_rows } => {
+            ("statpopgen".to_string(), None, Some(n_rows.to_string()))
+        }
+        BenchmarkDataset::PolarSignals { n_rows } => {
+            ("polarsignals".to_string(), None, Some(n_rows.to_string()))
+        }
+        BenchmarkDataset::Fineweb => ("fineweb".to_string(), None, None),
+        BenchmarkDataset::GhArchive => ("gharchive".to_string(), None, None),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Build a `query_measurement` record by collapsing a [`QueryMeasurement`] and
+/// an optional paired [`MemoryMeasurement`] into one wire row.
+///
+/// The pair is matched by the caller; this function does not search.
+pub fn query_measurement_record(
+    qm: &QueryMeasurement,
+    memory: Option<&MemoryMeasurement>,
+) -> V3Record {
+    let (dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor) = benchmark_dataset_dims(&qm.benchmark_dataset);
+    let value_ns = duration_as_ns(qm.median_run());
+    let all_runtimes_ns = qm.runs.iter().copied().map(duration_as_ns).collect();
+    let (peak_physical, peak_virtual, physical_delta, virtual_delta) = match memory {
+        Some(m) => (
+            Some(m.peak_physical_memory),
+            Some(m.peak_virtual_memory),
+            Some(m.physical_memory_delta),
+            Some(m.virtual_memory_delta),
+        ),
+        None => (None, None, None, None),
+    };
+    V3Record::QueryMeasurement(QueryMeasurementRecord {
+        commit_sha: GIT_COMMIT_ID.clone(),
+        dataset,
+        dataset_variant,
+        scale_factor,
+        query_idx: u32::try_from(qm.query_idx).unwrap_or(u32::MAX),
+        storage: qm.storage.clone(),
+        engine: engine_label(qm.target.engine).to_string(),
+        format: qm.target.format.name().to_string(),
+        value_ns,
+        all_runtimes_ns,
+        peak_physical,
+        peak_virtual,
+        physical_delta,
+        virtual_delta,
+        env_triple: Some(ENV_TRIPLE.clone()),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Build a `compression_time` record from a [`CompressionTimingMeasurement`].
+///
+/// Caller passes `dataset` (the compress-bench dataset name) and the
+/// `op`. `dataset_variant` is reserved and unused at alpha.
+pub fn compression_time_record(
+    timing: &CompressionTimingMeasurement,
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: Option<&str>,
+    op: CompressOp,
+    all_runtimes_ns: Vec<u64>,
+) -> V3Record {
+    V3Record::CompressionTime(CompressionTimeRecord {
+        commit_sha: GIT_COMMIT_ID.clone(),
+        dataset: dataset.to_string(),
+        dataset_variant: dataset_variant.map(str::to_string),
+        format: timing.format.name().to_string(),
+        op: compress_op_label(op).to_string(),
+        value_ns: duration_as_ns(timing.time),
+        all_runtimes_ns,
+        env_triple: Some(ENV_TRIPLE.clone()),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Build a `compression_size` record.
+pub fn compression_size_record(
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: Option<&str>,
+    format: Format,
+    value_bytes: u64,
+) -> V3Record {
+    V3Record::CompressionSize(CompressionSizeRecord {
+        commit_sha: GIT_COMMIT_ID.clone(),
+        dataset: dataset.to_string(),
+        dataset_variant: dataset_variant.map(str::to_string),
+        format: format.name().to_string(),
+        value_bytes,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Build a `random_access_time` record from a [`TimingMeasurement`].
+pub fn random_access_record(timing: &TimingMeasurement, dataset: &str) -> V3Record {
+    let value_ns = duration_as_ns(timing.median_time());
+    let all_runtimes_ns = timing.runs.iter().copied().map(duration_as_ns).collect();
+    V3Record::RandomAccessTime(RandomAccessTimeRecord {
+        commit_sha: GIT_COMMIT_ID.clone(),
+        dataset: dataset.to_string(),
+        format: timing.target.format.name().to_string(),
+        value_ns,
+        all_runtimes_ns,
+        env_triple: Some(ENV_TRIPLE.clone()),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Inputs for [`vector_search_record`]. The caller supplies the per-scan
+/// dimensions that don't live on `ScanTiming`.
+pub struct VectorSearchDims<'a> {
+    /// Vector dataset name (e.g. `cohere-large-10m`).
+    pub dataset: &'a str,
+    /// Train-split layout label (e.g. `partitioned`).
+    pub layout: &'a str,
+    /// Compression flavor label (e.g. `vortex-turboquant`).
+    pub flavor: &'a str,
+    /// Cosine threshold the scan was run with.
+    pub threshold: f64,
+}
+
+/// Build a `vector_search_run` record. `iterations` is `all_runs.len()`; we keep
+/// it explicit since the contract has it as a real column.
+pub fn vector_search_record(
+    dims: VectorSearchDims<'_>,
+    median_ns: u64,
+    all_runs_ns: Vec<u64>,
+    matches: u64,
+    rows_scanned: u64,
+    bytes_scanned: u64,
+) -> V3Record {
+    let iterations = u32::try_from(all_runs_ns.len()).unwrap_or(u32::MAX);
+    V3Record::VectorSearchRun(VectorSearchRunRecord {
+        commit_sha: GIT_COMMIT_ID.clone(),
+        dataset: dims.dataset.to_string(),
+        layout: dims.layout.to_string(),
+        flavor: dims.flavor.to_string(),
+        threshold: dims.threshold,
+        value_ns: median_ns,
+        all_runtimes_ns: all_runs_ns,
+        matches,
+        rows_scanned,
+        bytes_scanned,
+        iterations,
+        env_triple: Some(ENV_TRIPLE.clone()),
+    })
+}
+
+/// Write `records` as JSONL (one JSON object per line) to `writer`.
+///
+/// JSONL is the on-disk format consumed by `scripts/post-ingest.py`.
+pub fn write_jsonl<W: Write>(writer: &mut W, records: &[V3Record]) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    for record in records {
+        let line = serde_json::to_string(record).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        writer.write_all(line.as_bytes())?;
+        writer.write_all(b"\n")?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Write `records` as JSONL to `path`, creating parent directories as needed.
+pub fn write_jsonl_to_path(path: &std::path::Path, records: &[V3Record]) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+    }
+    let mut file = std::fs::File::create(path)?;
+    write_jsonl(&mut file, records)
+}
+
+fn duration_as_ns(d: std::time::Duration) -> u64 {
+    u64::try_from(d.as_nanos()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX)
+}
+
+fn engine_label(engine: Engine) -> &'static str {
+    match engine {
+        Engine::Vortex => "vortex",
+        Engine::Arrow => "arrow",
+        Engine::DataFusion => "datafusion",
+        Engine::DuckDB => "duckdb",
+    }
+}
+
+fn compress_op_label(op: CompressOp) -> &'static str {
+    match op {
+        CompressOp::Compress => "encode",
+        CompressOp::Decompress => "decode",
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use std::time::Duration;
+
+    use insta::assert_snapshot;
+    use insta::with_settings;
+
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::Target;
+    use crate::clickbench::Flavor;
+    use crate::memory::MemoryMeasurementResult;
+
+    fn redact_env(json: &str) -> String {
+        json.replace(ENV_TRIPLE.as_str(), "<env-triple>")
+            .replace(GIT_COMMIT_ID.as_str(), "<commit-sha>")
+    }
+
+    fn render(record: &V3Record) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+        let json = serde_json::to_string_pretty(record)?;
+        Ok(redact_env(&json))
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_query_measurement_with_memory() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let qm = QueryMeasurement {
+            query_idx: 3,
+            target: Target::new(Engine::DataFusion, Format::OnDiskVortex),
+            benchmark_dataset: BenchmarkDataset::TpcH {
+                scale_factor: "10".to_string(),
+            },
+            benchmark_runner: "test-runner".to_string(),
+            storage: "nvme".to_string(),
+            runs: vec![
+                Duration::from_nanos(1_000_000),
+                Duration::from_nanos(1_200_000),
+                Duration::from_nanos(900_000),
+            ],
+        };
+        let mm = MemoryMeasurement::new(
+            qm.query_idx,
+            qm.target,
+            qm.benchmark_dataset.clone(),
+            qm.benchmark_runner.clone(),
+            qm.storage.clone(),
+            MemoryMeasurementResult {
+                physical_memory_delta: 1024,
+                virtual_memory_delta: 4096,
+                peak_physical_memory: 8192,
+                peak_virtual_memory: 16384,
+            },
+        );
+        let record = query_measurement_record(&qm, Some(&mm));
+        let rendered = render(&record)?;
+        with_settings!({snapshot_suffix => "with_memory"}, {
+            assert_snapshot!(rendered);
+        });
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_query_measurement_clickbench_no_memory() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let qm = QueryMeasurement {
+            query_idx: 1,
+            target: Target::new(Engine::DuckDB, Format::Parquet),
+            benchmark_dataset: BenchmarkDataset::ClickBench {
+                flavor: Flavor::Partitioned,
+            },
+            benchmark_runner: "ci-runner".to_string(),
+            storage: "s3".to_string(),
+            runs: vec![Duration::from_nanos(2_000_000)],
+        };
+        let record = query_measurement_record(&qm, None);
+        let rendered = render(&record)?;
+        with_settings!({snapshot_suffix => "clickbench"}, {
+            assert_snapshot!(rendered);
+        });
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_compression_time_encode() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let timing = CompressionTimingMeasurement {
+            name: "compress time/taxi".to_string(),
+            format: Format::OnDiskVortex,
+            time: Duration::from_nanos(5_000_000),
+        };
+        let record = compression_time_record(
+            &timing,
+            "taxi",
+            None,
+            CompressOp::Compress,
+            vec![5_500_000, 5_000_000, 5_200_000],
+        );
+        assert_snapshot!(render(&record)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_compression_size() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let record = compression_size_record("taxi", None, Format::Lance, 12_345_678);
+        assert_snapshot!(render(&record)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_compression_time_public_bi_variant() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let timing = CompressionTimingMeasurement {
+            name: "compress time/cms-provider".to_string(),
+            format: Format::OnDiskVortex,
+            time: Duration::from_nanos(5_000_000),
+        };
+        let record = compression_time_record(
+            &timing,
+            "public-bi",
+            Some("cms-provider"),
+            CompressOp::Compress,
+            vec![5_500_000, 5_000_000, 5_200_000],
+        );
+        assert_snapshot!(render(&record)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_random_access_time() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let timing = TimingMeasurement {
+            name: "random-access/taxi/uniform/parquet-tokio-local-disk".to_string(),
+            target: Target::new(Engine::Arrow, Format::Parquet),
+            storage: "nvme".to_string(),
+            runs: vec![
+                Duration::from_nanos(800_000),
+                Duration::from_nanos(900_000),
+                Duration::from_nanos(850_000),
+            ],
+        };
+        let record = random_access_record(&timing, "taxi");
+        assert_snapshot!(render(&record)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn snapshot_vector_search_run() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let dims = VectorSearchDims {
+            dataset: "cohere-large-10m",
+            layout: "partitioned",
+            flavor: "vortex-turboquant",
+            threshold: 0.85,
+        };
+        let record = vector_search_record(
+            dims,
+            42_000_000,
+            vec![45_000_000, 42_000_000, 41_000_000],
+            123,
+            10_000_000,
+            512_000_000,
+        );
+        assert_snapshot!(render(&record)?);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn jsonl_round_trips_one_record_per_line() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let record = compression_size_record("taxi", None, Format::Parquet, 100);
+        let mut buf: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+        write_jsonl(&mut buf, &[record.clone(), record])?;
+        let s = String::from_utf8(buf)?;
+        assert_eq!(s.lines().count(), 2);
+        for line in s.lines() {
+            let v: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_str(line)?;
+            assert_eq!(v["kind"], "compression_size");
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

From 84a80e815ce8b7fff03ccc884804c9fc94b7dab6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2026 22:23:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 03/26] [claude] benchmarks-website-v3: alpha server (axum +
 maud + duckdb) (#7637)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

## Summary

Implements the alpha server for `bench.vortex.dev` v3 per

[`benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md`](../tree/ct/benchmarks-v3/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md).

A single Rust binary that owns a DuckDB file on local disk, accepts
authenticated `/api/ingest` POSTs, and serves a small read API plus a
placeholder HTML route the web-ui PR will replace.

- **Schema** (`src/schema.rs`): `commits` dim + the five fact tables
from
`01-schema.md`. DDL is applied on boot; no migration framework at alpha.
- **Ingest** (`src/ingest.rs`): bearer-auth middleware, all-or-nothing
transactions, idempotent upsert via per-table xxhash64 `measurement_id`,
  full HTTP matrix from `02-contracts.md` (200 / 400 / 401 / 409 / 500).
- **Read API** (`src/api.rs`): `/api/groups`, `/api/chart/:slug`,
`/health`.
  Slugs are opaque base64url-encoded JSON (`src/slug.rs`) so the web-ui
  treats them as strings per the contract.
- **Records** (`src/records.rs`): per-`kind` discriminated union with
`deny_unknown_fields`, so unknown `kind`s and unknown fields fail
loudly.
- **HTML** (`src/html.rs`): placeholder root route - replaced by web-ui.

## Stack

Pinned in `benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml`:

- `axum = "=0.7.9"` (`http1`, `json`, `tokio`, `query`)
- `maud = "=0.26.0"` with `axum`
- `duckdb = "=1.4.1"` with `bundled`
- `tower-http = "=0.6.8"` for tracing
- `subtle = "=2.6.1"` for constant-time bearer compare
- `twox-hash = "=2.1.0"` for the `measurement_id` xxhash64
- workspace `anyhow` + `thiserror` for errors

The crate is a leaf binary outside the `vortex-*` public-API surface, so
`./scripts/public-api.sh` is intentionally skipped per the task brief.

## Routes

| Method | Path | Auth |
|---|---|---|
| `POST` | `/api/ingest` | bearer |
| `GET`  | `/api/groups` | none |
| `GET`  | `/api/chart/:slug` | none |
| `GET`  | `/health` | none |
| `GET`  | `/` | none (placeholder, web-ui replaces) |

## Test plan

- [x] `cargo build -p vortex-bench-server`
- [x] `cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` - 14 tests pass (4 unit + 10
integration)
- [x] `cargo clippy -p vortex-bench-server --all-targets -- -D warnings`
- [x] `cargo fmt -p vortex-bench-server`
- [x] Manual `cargo run` smoke: `/health`, `POST /api/ingest` (with and
without
      bearer), `/api/groups`, `/api/chart/:slug` round-trip.

Acceptance criteria from `components/server.md`:

- [x] `cargo build` succeeds for the server crate.
- [x] Integration test: POST with valid bearer → 200; re-POST → 200 with
`updated > 0, inserted = 0`; no/wrong bearer → 401; unknown `kind` →
400.
- [x] `GET /health` returns coherent shape after an ingest (db_path,
      schema_version, latest_commit_timestamp, per-table row counts).
- [x] `cargo run` against a fresh DuckDB file serves both read routes.

## Coordination

The skeleton commit (`3266b87`) was pushed before the integration test
commit so the web-ui agent can rebase onto the workspace member without
waiting for tests.

Branch: `claude/benchmarks-v3-server` → `ct/benchmarks-v3` (not develop,
not main).

---
_Generated by [Claude
Code](https://claude.ai/code/session_01MPMnGUzXCUQvdkwbhSU9HR)_

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                      |   3 +-
 Cargo.lock                                    | 510 +++++++++---
 Cargo.toml                                    |   2 +
 .../planning/components/server.md             |   4 +-
 benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md      |   2 +
 benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml          |  45 ++
 .../server/fixtures/envelope.json             |  71 ++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          | 734 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs          |  68 ++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/auth.rs         |  43 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs           | 152 ++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/error.rs        | 117 +++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         |  47 ++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/ingest.rs       | 393 ++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/lib.rs          |  19 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs         |  42 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/records.rs      | 173 +++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs       |  93 +++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs         | 134 ++++
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/ingest.rs     | 308 ++++++++
 20 files changed, 2862 insertions(+), 98 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/fixtures/envelope.json
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/auth.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/error.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/ingest.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/records.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/ingest.rs

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 7ce22431213..7da0f8a015a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -358,7 +358,8 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.os == 'windows-x64'
         run: |
           cargo nextest run --cargo-profile ci --locked --workspace --all-features --no-fail-fast `
-            --exclude vortex-bench --exclude vortex-python --exclude vortex-duckdb `
+            --exclude vortex-bench --exclude vortex-bench-server `
+            --exclude vortex-python --exclude vortex-duckdb `
             --exclude vortex-fuzz --exclude vortex-cuda --exclude vortex-nvcomp `
             --exclude vortex-cub --exclude vortex-test-e2e-cuda --exclude duckdb-bench `
             --exclude lance-bench --exclude datafusion-bench --exclude random-access-bench `
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index c66aafa55db..7c0ecea507e 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -225,6 +225,24 @@ version = "0.7.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7c02d123df017efcdfbd739ef81735b36c5ba83ec3c59c80a9d7ecc718f92e50"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6e833808ff2d94ed40d9379848a950d995043c7fb3e81a30b383f4c6033821cc"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-arith 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-cast 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-ord 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-row 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-select 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-string 56.2.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -267,6 +285,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-string 58.1.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-arith"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ad08897b81588f60ba983e3ca39bda2b179bdd84dced378e7df81a5313802ef8"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "chrono",
+ "num",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-arith"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -295,6 +327,22 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-array"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8548ca7c070d8db9ce7aa43f37393e4bfcf3f2d3681df278490772fd1673d08d"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash 0.8.12",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "chrono",
+ "half",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.1",
+ "num",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-array"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -333,6 +381,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-buffer"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e003216336f70446457e280807a73899dd822feaf02087d31febca1363e2fccc"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "half",
+ "num",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-buffer"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -357,6 +416,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-cast"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "919418a0681298d3a77d1a315f625916cb5678ad0d74b9c60108eb15fd083023"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-select 56.2.0",
+ "atoi",
+ "base64",
+ "chrono",
+ "comfy-table",
+ "half",
+ "lexical-core",
+ "num",
+ "ryu",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-cast"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -431,6 +511,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-data"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a5c64fff1d142f833d78897a772f2e5b55b36cb3e6320376f0961ab0db7bd6d0"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "half",
+ "num",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-data"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -537,6 +629,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "simdutf8",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-ord"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3c8f82583eb4f8d84d4ee55fd1cb306720cddead7596edce95b50ee418edf66f"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-select 56.2.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-ord"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -563,6 +668,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-select 58.1.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-row"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9d07ba24522229d9085031df6b94605e0f4b26e099fb7cdeec37abd941a73753"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "half",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-row"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -589,6 +707,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "half",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-schema"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b3aa9e59c611ebc291c28582077ef25c97f1975383f1479b12f3b9ffee2ffabe"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-schema"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -611,6 +738,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-select"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8c41dbbd1e97bfcaee4fcb30e29105fb2c75e4d82ae4de70b792a5d3f66b2e7a"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash 0.8.12",
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "num",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-select"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -639,6 +780,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-string"
+version = "56.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "53f5183c150fbc619eede22b861ea7c0eebed8eaac0333eaa7f6da5205fd504d"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-data 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
+ "arrow-select 56.2.0",
+ "memchr",
+ "num",
+ "regex",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-string"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -900,6 +1058,58 @@ dependencies = [
  "fs_extra",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "axum"
+version = "0.8.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "31b698c5f9a010f6573133b09e0de5408834d0c82f8d7475a89fc1867a71cd90"
+dependencies = [
+ "axum-core",
+ "bytes",
+ "form_urlencoded",
+ "futures-util",
+ "http",
+ "http-body",
+ "http-body-util",
+ "hyper",
+ "hyper-util",
+ "itoa",
+ "matchit",
+ "memchr",
+ "mime",
+ "percent-encoding",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "serde_core",
+ "serde_json",
+ "serde_path_to_error",
+ "serde_urlencoded",
+ "sync_wrapper",
+ "tokio",
+ "tower",
+ "tower-layer",
+ "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "axum-core"
+version = "0.5.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "08c78f31d7b1291f7ee735c1c6780ccde7785daae9a9206026862dab7d8792d1"
+dependencies = [
+ "bytes",
+ "futures-core",
+ "http",
+ "http-body",
+ "http-body-util",
+ "mime",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "sync_wrapper",
+ "tower-layer",
+ "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "base16ct"
 version = "1.0.0"
@@ -1606,11 +1816,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "comfy-table"
-version = "7.2.2"
+version = "7.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "958c5d6ecf1f214b4c2bbbbf6ab9523a864bd136dcf71a7e8904799acfe1ad47"
+checksum = "e0d05af1e006a2407bedef5af410552494ce5be9090444dbbcb57258c1af3d56"
 dependencies = [
- "unicode-segmentation",
+ "strum 0.26.3",
+ "strum_macros 0.26.4",
  "unicode-width 0.2.2",
 ]
 
@@ -3614,7 +3825,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "option-ext",
  "redox_users",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3660,6 +3871,23 @@ version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ab23e69df104e2fd85ee63a533a22d2132ef5975dc6b36f9f3e5a7305e4a8ed7"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "duckdb"
+version = "1.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2a093eed1c714143b257b95fa323e38527fabf05fbf02bb0d5d2045275ffdaef"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow 56.2.0",
+ "cast",
+ "fallible-iterator",
+ "fallible-streaming-iterator",
+ "hashlink",
+ "libduckdb-sys",
+ "num-integer",
+ "rust_decimal",
+ "strum 0.27.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "duckdb-bench"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -3796,7 +4024,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "39cab71617ae0d63f51a36d69f866391735b51691dbda63cf6f96d042b63efeb"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3861,6 +4089,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "ext-trait",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fallible-iterator"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2acce4a10f12dc2fb14a218589d4f1f62ef011b2d0cc4b3cb1bba8e94da14649"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "fallible-streaming-iterator"
+version = "0.1.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7360491ce676a36bf9bb3c56c1aa791658183a54d2744120f27285738d90465a"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fast-float2"
 version = "0.2.3"
@@ -4356,6 +4596,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "foldhash 0.2.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hashlink"
+version = "0.10.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7382cf6263419f2d8df38c55d7da83da5c18aef87fc7a7fc1fb1e344edfe14c1"
+dependencies = [
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "heck"
 version = "0.5.0"
@@ -4428,6 +4677,12 @@ version = "1.10.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6dbf3de79e51f3d586ab4cb9d5c3e2c14aa28ed23d180cf89b4df0454a69cc87"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "httpdate"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "df3b46402a9d5adb4c86a0cf463f42e19994e3ee891101b1841f30a545cb49a9"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "humansize"
 version = "2.1.3"
@@ -4466,6 +4721,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "http",
  "http-body",
  "httparse",
+ "httpdate",
  "itoa",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "smallvec",
@@ -4790,7 +5046,7 @@ checksum = "3640c1c38b8e4e43584d8df18be5fc6b0aa314ce6ebf51b53313d4306cca8e46"
 dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi",
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4862,7 +5118,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "portable-atomic",
  "portable-atomic-util",
  "serde_core",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5638,6 +5894,21 @@ version = "0.2.185"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "52ff2c0fe9bc6cb6b14a0592c2ff4fa9ceb83eea9db979b0487cd054946a2b8f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "libduckdb-sys"
+version = "1.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4b93c3ff279601516f01531cadf2ccba50394fbb5f7bf685c6e6b9b07c8dca6f"
+dependencies = [
+ "cc",
+ "flate2",
+ "pkg-config",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "tar",
+ "vcpkg",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "libfuzzer-sys"
 version = "0.4.12"
@@ -5898,6 +6169,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex-automata",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "matchit"
+version = "0.8.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "47e1ffaa40ddd1f3ed91f717a33c8c0ee23fff369e3aa8772b9605cc1d22f4c3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "matrixmultiply"
 version = "0.3.10"
@@ -5911,6 +6188,30 @@ dependencies = [
  "thread-tree",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "maud"
+version = "0.27.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8156733e27020ea5c684db5beac5d1d611e1272ab17901a49466294b84fc217e"
+dependencies = [
+ "axum-core",
+ "http",
+ "itoa",
+ "maud_macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "maud_macros"
+version = "0.27.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7261b00f3952f617899bc012e3dbd56e4f0110a038175929fa5d18e5a19913ca"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "proc-macro2-diagnostics",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "md-5"
 version = "0.10.6"
@@ -6218,7 +6519,21 @@ version = "0.50.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7957b9740744892f114936ab4a57b3f487491bbeafaf8083688b16841a4240e5"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "35bd024e8b2ff75562e5f34e7f4905839deb4b22955ef5e73d2fea1b9813cb23"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-complex",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-iter",
+ "num-rational",
+ "num-traits",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6256,6 +6571,28 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "num-iter"
+version = "0.1.45"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1429034a0490724d0075ebb2bc9e875d6503c3cf69e235a8941aa757d83ef5bf"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num-rational"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f83d14da390562dca69fc84082e73e548e1ad308d24accdedd2720017cb37824"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.19"
@@ -6882,7 +7219,7 @@ version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "044b1fa4f259f4df9ad5078e587b208f5d288a25407575fcddb9face30c7c692"
 dependencies = [
- "rand 0.9.4",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
  "socket2",
  "thiserror 2.0.18",
 ]
@@ -7064,6 +7401,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "proc-macro2-diagnostics"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "af066a9c399a26e020ada66a034357a868728e72cd426f3adcd35f80d88d88c8"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+ "version_check",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "prost"
 version = "0.12.6"
@@ -7369,7 +7718,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "socket2",
  "tracing",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7864,6 +8213,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustls",
  "rustls-pki-types",
  "rustls-platform-verifier",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
  "sync_wrapper",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-rustls",
@@ -8052,7 +8403,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys 0.12.1",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8110,7 +8461,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "security-framework",
  "security-framework-sys",
  "webpki-root-certs",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -8339,6 +8690,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "zmij",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_path_to_error"
+version = "0.1.20"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "10a9ff822e371bb5403e391ecd83e182e0e77ba7f6fe0160b795797109d1b457"
+dependencies = [
+ "itoa",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_core",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_repr"
 version = "0.1.20"
@@ -9209,7 +9571,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.4.2",
  "once_cell",
  "rustix 1.1.4",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9228,7 +9590,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "230a1b821ccbd75b185820a1f1ff7b14d21da1e442e22c0863ea5f08771a8874"
 dependencies = [
  "rustix 1.1.4",
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9598,9 +9960,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tower"
-version = "0.5.3"
+version = "0.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ebe5ef63511595f1344e2d5cfa636d973292adc0eec1f0ad45fae9f0851ab1d4"
+checksum = "d039ad9159c98b70ecfd540b2573b97f7f52c3e8d9f8ad57a24b916a536975f9"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
@@ -9609,6 +9971,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
  "tower-layer",
  "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9632,6 +9995,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tower",
  "tower-layer",
  "tower-service",
+ "tracing",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9759,11 +10123,11 @@ checksum = "e421abadd41a4225275504ea4d6566923418b7f05506fbc9c0fe86ba7396114b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "twox-hash"
-version = "2.1.2"
+version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9ea3136b675547379c4bd395ca6b938e5ad3c3d20fad76e7fe85f9e0d011419c"
+checksum = "e7b17f197b3050ba473acf9181f7b1d3b66d1cf7356c6cc57886662276e65908"
 dependencies = [
- "rand 0.9.4",
+ "rand 0.8.6",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9967,6 +10331,12 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ba73ea9cf16a25df0c8caa16c51acb937d5712a8429db78a3ee29d5dcacd3a65"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "vcpkg"
+version = "0.2.15"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "accd4ea62f7bb7a82fe23066fb0957d48ef677f6eeb8215f372f52e48bb32426"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "vector-search-bench"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -10186,6 +10556,29 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-tensor",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "vortex-bench-server"
+version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "axum",
+ "base64",
+ "duckdb",
+ "maud",
+ "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "subtle",
+ "tempfile",
+ "thiserror 2.0.18",
+ "tokio",
+ "tower",
+ "tower-http",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+ "twox-hash",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-btrblocks"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -11091,6 +11484,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
  "rustversion",
+ "serde",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -11257,7 +11651,7 @@ version = "0.1.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c2a7b1c03c876122aa43f3020e6c3c3ee5c05081c9a00739faf7503aeba10d22"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11405,15 +11799,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-targets 0.52.6",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.60.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f2f500e4d28234f72040990ec9d39e3a6b950f9f22d3dba18416c35882612bcb"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.53.5",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.61.2"
@@ -11447,30 +11832,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
  "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
  "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.52.6",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm",
  "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
  "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
  "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
  "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.53.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4945f9f551b88e0d65f3db0bc25c33b8acea4d9e41163edf90dcd0b19f9069f3"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.53.1",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.53.1",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.53.1",
- "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.53.1",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.53.1",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.53.1",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.53.1",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.53.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-threading"
 version = "0.2.1"
@@ -11492,12 +11860,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a9d8416fa8b42f5c947f8482c43e7d89e73a173cead56d044f6a56104a6d1b53"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11510,12 +11872,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b9d782e804c2f632e395708e99a94275910eb9100b2114651e04744e9b125006"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11528,24 +11884,12 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "960e6da069d81e09becb0ca57a65220ddff016ff2d6af6a223cf372a506593a3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fa7359d10048f68ab8b09fa71c3daccfb0e9b559aed648a8f95469c27057180c"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11558,12 +11902,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1e7ac75179f18232fe9c285163565a57ef8d3c89254a30685b57d83a38d326c2"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11576,12 +11914,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9c3842cdd74a865a8066ab39c8a7a473c0778a3f29370b5fd6b4b9aa7df4a499"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11594,12 +11926,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ffa179e2d07eee8ad8f57493436566c7cc30ac536a3379fdf008f47f6bb7ae1"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.42.2"
@@ -11612,12 +11938,6 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.53.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d6bbff5f0aada427a1e5a6da5f1f98158182f26556f345ac9e04d36d0ebed650"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
 version = "0.7.15"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 6ca4281c8a9..21a32d3d0be 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ members = [
     "benchmarks/duckdb-bench",
     "benchmarks/random-access-bench",
     "benchmarks/vector-search-bench",
+    # Benchmarks website v3 (alpha) - leaf binary, not part of vortex-* API
+    "benchmarks-website/server",
 ]
 exclude = ["java/testfiles", "wasm-test"]
 resolver = "2"
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
index 301bb7e4bf9..8bed8485e70 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ production deploy. Production deploy, backups, admin tooling, and
 historical data import are deferred (see
 [`../deferred.md`](../deferred.md)).
 
-The server crate lives at a path of the agent's choosing under
-`benchmarks-website/`, registered as a workspace member.
+The server crate is `vortex-bench-server`, living at
+`benchmarks-website/server/`, registered as a workspace member.
 
 ## In scope
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
index 080164d113e..1013b083b55 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ decisions deliberately stay open until we get there - see
 - **Single binary**: server is one Rust process - HTTP API + HTML
   routes + DuckDB owner. No separate ingester service, no S3
   coordination layer for writes, no client-side WASM.
+- **Server crate**: `vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`,
+  registered as a workspace member.
 - **Server-side classifier**: there isn't one. The emitter writes
   v3-shape records directly.
 - **Fact-table layout**: one fact table per measurement family
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..314b6bfc0db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+[package]
+name = "vortex-bench-server"
+version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
+edition = "2024"
+rust-version = "1.91.0"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+description = "bench.vortex.dev v3 alpha server: HTTP API + HTML + DuckDB on local disk"
+publish = false
+
+[lib]
+name = "vortex_bench_server"
+path = "src/lib.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "vortex-bench-server"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+# This is a leaf binary, not part of the vortex-* public API surface.
+# Errors use anyhow / thiserror and the crate is intentionally outside
+# the workspace public-api lockfile set.
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+axum = "0.8"
+base64 = "0.22"
+duckdb = { version = "1.4", features = ["bundled"] }
+maud = { version = "0.27", features = ["axum"] }
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+subtle = "2.6"
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "net", "signal", "sync"] }
+tower = "0.5"
+tower-http = { version = "0.6", features = ["trace"] }
+tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["std"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["env-filter", "fmt"] }
+twox-hash = "2.1"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["json"] }
+tempfile = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "net"] }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/fixtures/envelope.json b/benchmarks-website/server/fixtures/envelope.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..14861f54a3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/fixtures/envelope.json
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+  "run_meta": {
+    "benchmark_id": "fixture",
+    "schema_version": 1,
+    "started_at": "2026-04-25T00:00:00Z"
+  },
+  "commit": {
+    "sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+    "timestamp": "2026-04-25T00:00:00Z",
+    "message": "fixture commit",
+    "author_name": "Test Author",
+    "author_email": "author@example.com",
+    "committer_name": "Test Committer",
+    "committer_email": "committer@example.com",
+    "tree_sha": "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba98",
+    "url": "https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567"
+  },
+  "records": [
+    {
+      "kind": "query_measurement",
+      "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+      "dataset": "tpch",
+      "scale_factor": "1",
+      "query_idx": 1,
+      "storage": "nvme",
+      "engine": "datafusion",
+      "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+      "value_ns": 1234567,
+      "all_runtimes_ns": [1200000, 1234567, 1300000],
+      "env_triple": "x86_64-linux-gnu"
+    },
+    {
+      "kind": "compression_time",
+      "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+      "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+      "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+      "op": "encode",
+      "value_ns": 9999,
+      "all_runtimes_ns": [9000, 9999, 10500]
+    },
+    {
+      "kind": "compression_size",
+      "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+      "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+      "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+      "value_bytes": 4242
+    },
+    {
+      "kind": "random_access_time",
+      "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+      "dataset": "taxi",
+      "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+      "value_ns": 555,
+      "all_runtimes_ns": [500, 555, 600]
+    },
+    {
+      "kind": "vector_search_run",
+      "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+      "dataset": "cohere-large-10m",
+      "layout": "partitioned",
+      "flavor": "vortex-turboquant",
+      "threshold": 0.75,
+      "value_ns": 7777,
+      "all_runtimes_ns": [7700, 7777, 7800],
+      "matches": 42,
+      "rows_scanned": 1000000,
+      "bytes_scanned": 5000000,
+      "iterations": 3
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d3f5a17382
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,734 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Read-side API: `/api/groups`, `/api/chart/{slug}`, `/health`.
+//!
+//! Group / chart / series fit follows
+//! `benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md`. Slugs round-trip through
+//! [`crate::slug::ChartKey`].
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use axum::Json;
+use axum::extract::Path;
+use axum::extract::State;
+use axum::response::IntoResponse;
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use duckdb::params;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use serde_json::Value as JsonValue;
+
+use crate::app::AppState;
+use crate::db;
+use crate::error::ApiError;
+use crate::slug::ChartKey;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct GroupsResponse {
+    pub groups: Vec<Group>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct Group {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub charts: Vec<ChartLink>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct ChartLink {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub slug: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct ChartResponse {
+    pub display_name: String,
+    pub unit: &'static str,
+    pub commits: Vec<CommitPoint>,
+    pub series: serde_json::Map<String, JsonValue>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct CommitPoint {
+    pub sha: String,
+    pub timestamp: String,
+    pub message: String,
+    pub url: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct HealthResponse {
+    pub status: &'static str,
+    pub db_path: String,
+    pub schema_version: i32,
+    pub latest_commit_timestamp: Option<String>,
+    pub row_counts: RowCounts,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct RowCounts {
+    pub commits: i64,
+    pub query_measurements: i64,
+    pub compression_times: i64,
+    pub compression_sizes: i64,
+    pub random_access_times: i64,
+    pub vector_search_runs: i64,
+}
+
+/// Handler for `GET /api/groups`.
+pub async fn groups(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
+    let groups = db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| collect_groups(conn)).await?;
+    Ok(Json(GroupsResponse { groups }))
+}
+
+/// Handler for `GET /api/chart/{slug}`.
+pub async fn chart(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Path(slug): Path<String>,
+) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
+    let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&slug)
+        .map_err(|e| ApiError::BadRequest(format!("invalid slug: {e}")))?;
+    let response = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| collect_chart(conn, &key)).await?;
+    let response =
+        response.ok_or_else(|| ApiError::NotFound(format!("no data for slug {slug:?}")))?;
+    Ok(Json(response))
+}
+
+/// Handler for `GET /health`.
+pub async fn health(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
+    let path = state.db_path.display().to_string();
+    let response = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| collect_health(conn, path)).await?;
+    Ok(Json(response))
+}
+
+fn collect_health(conn: &Connection, db_path: String) -> Result<HealthResponse> {
+    let count = |table: &str| -> Result<i64> {
+        let sql = format!("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {table}");
+        let n: i64 = conn.query_row(&sql, [], |r| r.get(0))?;
+        Ok(n)
+    };
+    let row_counts = RowCounts {
+        commits: count("commits")?,
+        query_measurements: count("query_measurements")?,
+        compression_times: count("compression_times")?,
+        compression_sizes: count("compression_sizes")?,
+        random_access_times: count("random_access_times")?,
+        vector_search_runs: count("vector_search_runs")?,
+    };
+    let latest_commit_timestamp: Option<String> = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT CAST(timestamp AS VARCHAR) FROM commits ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT 1",
+            [],
+            |r| r.get::<_, String>(0),
+        )
+        .ok();
+    Ok(HealthResponse {
+        status: "ok",
+        db_path,
+        schema_version: crate::schema::SCHEMA_VERSION,
+        latest_commit_timestamp,
+        row_counts,
+    })
+}
+
+fn collect_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
+    let mut groups: Vec<Group> = Vec::new();
+
+    let qm_groups = collect_query_groups(conn).context("collect_query_groups")?;
+    groups.extend(qm_groups);
+
+    if let Some(g) = collect_compression_time_group(conn)? {
+        groups.push(g);
+    }
+    if let Some(g) = collect_compression_size_group(conn)? {
+        groups.push(g);
+    }
+    if let Some(g) = collect_random_access_group(conn)? {
+        groups.push(g);
+    }
+    let vsr_groups = collect_vector_search_groups(conn)?;
+    groups.extend(vsr_groups);
+
+    Ok(groups)
+}
+
+fn collect_query_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage, query_idx
+          FROM query_measurements
+         GROUP BY dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage, query_idx
+         ORDER BY dataset, dataset_variant NULLS FIRST,
+                  scale_factor NULLS FIRST, storage, query_idx
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, Option<String>>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, Option<String>>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, i32>(4)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let mut groups: Vec<Group> = Vec::new();
+    let mut current: Option<(String, Option<String>, Option<String>, String)> = None;
+    for row in rows {
+        let (dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage, query_idx) = row?;
+        let key = (
+            dataset.clone(),
+            dataset_variant.clone(),
+            scale_factor.clone(),
+            storage.clone(),
+        );
+        let need_new_group = current.as_ref() != Some(&key);
+        if need_new_group {
+            groups.push(Group {
+                name: group_name_query(&dataset, &dataset_variant, &scale_factor, &storage),
+                charts: Vec::new(),
+            });
+            current = Some(key);
+        }
+        let slug = ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            scale_factor,
+            storage,
+            query_idx,
+        }
+        .to_slug();
+        groups
+            .last_mut()
+            .expect("just pushed")
+            .charts
+            .push(ChartLink {
+                name: format!("Q{query_idx}"),
+                slug,
+            });
+    }
+    Ok(groups)
+}
+
+fn group_name_query(
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+    scale_factor: &Option<String>,
+    storage: &str,
+) -> String {
+    let mut name = dataset.to_string();
+    if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
+        name.push('/');
+        name.push_str(v);
+    }
+    if let Some(sf) = scale_factor {
+        name.push_str(" sf=");
+        name.push_str(sf);
+    }
+    name.push_str(" [");
+    name.push_str(storage);
+    name.push(']');
+    name
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_time_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, dataset_variant
+          FROM compression_times
+         GROUP BY dataset, dataset_variant
+         ORDER BY dataset, dataset_variant NULLS FIRST
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let charts: Vec<ChartLink> = stmt
+        .query_map([], |row| {
+            let dataset: String = row.get(0)?;
+            let dataset_variant: Option<String> = row.get(1)?;
+            Ok((dataset, dataset_variant))
+        })?
+        .map(|r| {
+            r.map(|(dataset, dataset_variant)| {
+                let key = ChartKey::CompressionTime {
+                    dataset: dataset.clone(),
+                    dataset_variant: dataset_variant.clone(),
+                };
+                let mut name = dataset;
+                if let Some(v) = &dataset_variant {
+                    name.push('/');
+                    name.push_str(v);
+                }
+                ChartLink {
+                    name,
+                    slug: key.to_slug(),
+                }
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
+    if charts.is_empty() {
+        Ok(None)
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(Group {
+            name: "Compression".into(),
+            charts,
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_size_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, dataset_variant
+          FROM compression_sizes
+         GROUP BY dataset, dataset_variant
+         ORDER BY dataset, dataset_variant NULLS FIRST
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let charts: Vec<ChartLink> = stmt
+        .query_map([], |row| {
+            let dataset: String = row.get(0)?;
+            let dataset_variant: Option<String> = row.get(1)?;
+            Ok((dataset, dataset_variant))
+        })?
+        .map(|r| {
+            r.map(|(dataset, dataset_variant)| {
+                let key = ChartKey::CompressionSize {
+                    dataset: dataset.clone(),
+                    dataset_variant: dataset_variant.clone(),
+                };
+                let mut name = dataset;
+                if let Some(v) = &dataset_variant {
+                    name.push('/');
+                    name.push_str(v);
+                }
+                ChartLink {
+                    name,
+                    slug: key.to_slug(),
+                }
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
+    if charts.is_empty() {
+        Ok(None)
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(Group {
+            name: "Compression Size".into(),
+            charts,
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+fn collect_random_access_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT DISTINCT dataset
+          FROM random_access_times
+         ORDER BY dataset
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let charts: Vec<ChartLink> = stmt
+        .query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, String>(0))?
+        .map(|r| {
+            r.map(|dataset| ChartLink {
+                name: dataset.clone(),
+                slug: ChartKey::RandomAccess { dataset }.to_slug(),
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
+    if charts.is_empty() {
+        Ok(None)
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(Group {
+            name: "Random Access".into(),
+            charts,
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, layout, threshold
+          FROM vector_search_runs
+         GROUP BY dataset, layout, threshold
+         ORDER BY dataset, layout, threshold
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, f64>(2)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let mut groups: Vec<Group> = Vec::new();
+    let mut current: Option<(String, String)> = None;
+    for row in rows {
+        let (dataset, layout, threshold) = row?;
+        let key = (dataset.clone(), layout.clone());
+        if current.as_ref() != Some(&key) {
+            groups.push(Group {
+                name: format!("{dataset} / {layout}"),
+                charts: Vec::new(),
+            });
+            current = Some(key);
+        }
+        let slug = ChartKey::VectorSearch {
+            dataset,
+            layout,
+            threshold,
+        }
+        .to_slug();
+        groups
+            .last_mut()
+            .expect("just pushed")
+            .charts
+            .push(ChartLink {
+                name: format!("threshold={threshold}"),
+                slug,
+            });
+    }
+    Ok(groups)
+}
+
+fn collect_chart(conn: &Connection, key: &ChartKey) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    match key {
+        ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            scale_factor,
+            storage,
+            query_idx,
+        } => collect_query_chart(
+            conn,
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            scale_factor,
+            storage,
+            *query_idx,
+        ),
+        ChartKey::CompressionTime {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+        } => collect_compression_time_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant),
+        ChartKey::CompressionSize {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+        } => collect_compression_size_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant),
+        ChartKey::RandomAccess { dataset } => collect_random_access_chart(conn, dataset),
+        ChartKey::VectorSearch {
+            dataset,
+            layout,
+            threshold,
+        } => collect_vector_search_chart(conn, dataset, layout, *threshold),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Time series rows are gathered keyed by `(commit_sha, series_key)` and then
+/// reshaped into the `commits[] / series{}` response shape.
+struct SeriesAccumulator {
+    commits: Vec<CommitPoint>,
+    commit_index: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, usize>,
+    series: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, Vec<Option<f64>>>,
+}
+
+impl SeriesAccumulator {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            commits: Vec::new(),
+            commit_index: std::collections::BTreeMap::new(),
+            series: std::collections::BTreeMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ensure_commit(&mut self, sha: &str, timestamp: &str, message: &str, url: &str) -> usize {
+        if let Some(&idx) = self.commit_index.get(sha) {
+            return idx;
+        }
+        let idx = self.commits.len();
+        self.commits.push(CommitPoint {
+            sha: sha.to_string(),
+            timestamp: timestamp.to_string(),
+            message: message.to_string(),
+            url: url.to_string(),
+        });
+        self.commit_index.insert(sha.to_string(), idx);
+        idx
+    }
+
+    fn record(&mut self, series_key: &str, commit_idx: usize, value: f64) {
+        let total_commits = self.commits.len();
+        let entry = self
+            .series
+            .entry(series_key.to_string())
+            .or_insert_with(|| vec![None; total_commits]);
+        if entry.len() < total_commits {
+            entry.resize(total_commits, None);
+        }
+        entry[commit_idx] = Some(value);
+    }
+
+    fn finish(self, display_name: String, unit: &'static str) -> ChartResponse {
+        let total = self.commits.len();
+        let mut series_map = serde_json::Map::new();
+        for (k, mut v) in self.series {
+            if v.len() < total {
+                v.resize(total, None);
+            }
+            series_map.insert(k, serde_json::to_value(v).expect("Vec<Option<f64>>"));
+        }
+        ChartResponse {
+            display_name,
+            unit,
+            commits: self.commits,
+            series: series_map,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn collect_query_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+    scale_factor: &Option<String>,
+    storage: &str,
+    query_idx: i32,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT q.commit_sha,
+               CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
+               c.message, c.url,
+               q.engine, q.format, q.value_ns
+          FROM query_measurements q
+          JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+         WHERE q.dataset = ?
+           AND q.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+           AND q.scale_factor    IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+           AND q.storage = ?
+           AND q.query_idx = ?
+         ORDER BY c.timestamp, q.engine, q.format
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(
+        params![
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant.as_deref(),
+            scale_factor.as_deref(),
+            storage,
+            query_idx,
+        ],
+        |row| {
+            Ok((
+                row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(5)?,
+                row.get::<_, i64>(6)?,
+            ))
+        },
+    )?;
+    let mut any = false;
+    for row in rows {
+        any = true;
+        let (sha, ts, msg, url, engine, format, value_ns) = row?;
+        let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
+        acc.record(&format!("{engine}:{format}"), idx, value_ns as f64);
+    }
+    if !any {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    let mut name = dataset.to_string();
+    if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
+        name.push('/');
+        name.push_str(v);
+    }
+    if let Some(sf) = scale_factor {
+        name.push_str(" sf=");
+        name.push_str(sf);
+    }
+    name.push_str(&format!(" Q{query_idx} [{storage}]"));
+    Ok(Some(acc.finish(name, "ns")))
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_time_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT t.commit_sha,
+               CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
+               c.message, c.url,
+               t.format, t.op, t.value_ns
+          FROM compression_times t
+          JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+         WHERE t.dataset = ?
+           AND t.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+         ORDER BY c.timestamp, t.format, t.op
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, dataset_variant.as_deref()], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(5)?,
+            row.get::<_, i64>(6)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    let mut any = false;
+    for row in rows {
+        any = true;
+        let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, op, value_ns) = row?;
+        let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
+        acc.record(&format!("{format}:{op}"), idx, value_ns as f64);
+    }
+    if !any {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    let mut name = dataset.to_string();
+    if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
+        name.push('/');
+        name.push_str(v);
+    }
+    Ok(Some(acc.finish(name, "ns")))
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_size_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT s.commit_sha,
+               CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
+               c.message, c.url,
+               s.format, s.value_bytes
+          FROM compression_sizes s
+          JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+         WHERE s.dataset = ?
+           AND s.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+         ORDER BY c.timestamp, s.format
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, dataset_variant.as_deref()], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+            row.get::<_, i64>(5)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    let mut any = false;
+    for row in rows {
+        any = true;
+        let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, value_bytes) = row?;
+        let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
+        acc.record(&format, idx, value_bytes as f64);
+    }
+    if !any {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    let mut name = dataset.to_string();
+    if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
+        name.push('/');
+        name.push_str(v);
+    }
+    Ok(Some(acc.finish(name, "bytes")))
+}
+
+fn collect_random_access_chart(conn: &Connection, dataset: &str) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT r.commit_sha,
+               CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
+               c.message, c.url,
+               r.format, r.value_ns
+          FROM random_access_times r
+          JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+         WHERE r.dataset = ?
+         ORDER BY c.timestamp, r.format
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+            row.get::<_, i64>(5)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    let mut any = false;
+    for row in rows {
+        any = true;
+        let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, value_ns) = row?;
+        let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
+        acc.record(&format, idx, value_ns as f64);
+    }
+    if !any {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    Ok(Some(acc.finish(dataset.to_string(), "ns")))
+}
+
+fn collect_vector_search_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    layout: &str,
+    threshold: f64,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT v.commit_sha,
+               CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
+               c.message, c.url,
+               v.flavor, v.value_ns
+          FROM vector_search_runs v
+          JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+         WHERE v.dataset = ?
+           AND v.layout = ?
+           AND v.threshold = ?
+         ORDER BY c.timestamp, v.flavor
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, layout, threshold], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+            row.get::<_, i64>(5)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    let mut any = false;
+    for row in rows {
+        any = true;
+        let (sha, ts, msg, url, flavor, value_ns) = row?;
+        let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
+        acc.record(&flavor, idx, value_ns as f64);
+    }
+    if !any {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    Ok(Some(acc.finish(
+        format!("{dataset} / {layout} (threshold={threshold})"),
+        "ns",
+    )))
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0f0b2da7a91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Axum [`Router`] composition and shared [`AppState`].
+//!
+//! The router mounts:
+//! - `/api/groups`, `/api/chart/{slug}`, `/health` (read API)
+//! - `/api/ingest` (gated by [`crate::auth::require_bearer`])
+//! - HTML routes contributed by [`crate::html::router`]
+
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use axum::Router;
+use axum::routing::get;
+use axum::routing::post;
+
+use crate::api;
+use crate::auth::require_bearer;
+use crate::db::DbHandle;
+use crate::db::{self};
+use crate::html;
+use crate::ingest;
+
+/// Shared state for all handlers. Cheap to clone (everything is `Arc`-shaped
+/// or a small `String`).
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct AppState {
+    pub db: DbHandle,
+    pub bearer_token: Arc<String>,
+    pub db_path: Arc<PathBuf>,
+}
+
+impl AppState {
+    /// Open the DuckDB at `db_path`, apply the schema, and return shared state.
+    pub fn open<P: AsRef<Path>>(db_path: P, bearer_token: String) -> Result<Self> {
+        let path = db_path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
+        let db = db::open(&path)?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            db,
+            bearer_token: Arc::new(bearer_token),
+            db_path: Arc::new(path),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Build the full Axum router for the bench server.
+pub fn router(state: AppState) -> Router {
+    let ingest_routes = Router::new()
+        .route("/api/ingest", post(ingest::handle))
+        .route_layer(axum::middleware::from_fn_with_state(
+            state.clone(),
+            require_bearer,
+        ));
+
+    let read_routes = Router::new()
+        .route("/api/groups", get(api::groups))
+        .route("/api/chart/{slug}", get(api::chart))
+        .route("/health", get(api::health));
+
+    Router::new()
+        .merge(ingest_routes)
+        .merge(read_routes)
+        .merge(html::router())
+        .with_state(state)
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/auth.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/auth.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f935de59b73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/auth.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Bearer-token authentication for `/api/ingest`.
+//!
+//! The token is read from `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` at startup and compared with
+//! constant-time equality.
+
+use axum::extract::Request;
+use axum::extract::State;
+use axum::http::header::AUTHORIZATION;
+use axum::middleware::Next;
+use axum::response::Response;
+use subtle::ConstantTimeEq;
+
+use crate::app::AppState;
+use crate::error::IngestError;
+
+/// Axum middleware that enforces a `Bearer <token>` header on the route.
+pub async fn require_bearer(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    req: Request,
+    next: Next,
+) -> Result<Response, IngestError> {
+    let header = req
+        .headers()
+        .get(AUTHORIZATION)
+        .ok_or(IngestError::Unauthorized)?
+        .to_str()
+        .map_err(|_| IngestError::Unauthorized)?;
+
+    let presented = header
+        .strip_prefix("Bearer ")
+        .ok_or(IngestError::Unauthorized)?
+        .as_bytes();
+    let expected = state.bearer_token.as_bytes();
+
+    if presented.ct_eq(expected).into() {
+        Ok(next.run(req).await)
+    } else {
+        Err(IngestError::Unauthorized)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eaba3f02a2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! DuckDB connection management plus the deterministic `measurement_id` hash.
+//!
+//! The server holds a single [`duckdb::Connection`] inside an async
+//! [`tokio::sync::Mutex`]. All DB work runs inside `spawn_blocking` so the
+//! Tokio runtime is never blocked on synchronous DuckDB calls.
+//!
+//! `measurement_id` is a server-internal xxhash64 over each table's
+//! dimensional tuple. The hash never crosses a process boundary, so the
+//! exact byte layout below is private to this server.
+
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use tokio::sync::Mutex;
+use twox_hash::XxHash64;
+
+use crate::records::CompressionSize;
+use crate::records::CompressionTime;
+use crate::records::QueryMeasurement;
+use crate::records::RandomAccessTime;
+use crate::records::VectorSearchRun;
+use crate::schema::SCHEMA_DDL;
+
+/// A connection guard the rest of the crate hands around.
+pub type DbHandle = Arc<Mutex<Connection>>;
+
+/// Open the DuckDB file at `path` (creating it if absent) and apply the
+/// schema DDL. Returns a handle ready to be cloned into the Axum state.
+pub fn open<P: AsRef<Path>>(path: P) -> Result<DbHandle> {
+    let conn = Connection::open(path.as_ref())
+        .with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", path.as_ref().display()))?;
+    conn.execute_batch(SCHEMA_DDL)
+        .context("applying schema DDL")?;
+    Ok(Arc::new(Mutex::new(conn)))
+}
+
+/// Run a synchronous DB operation on the blocking pool, holding the connection
+/// mutex for the duration of the call.
+pub async fn run_blocking<F, T>(handle: &DbHandle, f: F) -> Result<T>
+where
+    F: FnOnce(&mut Connection) -> Result<T> + Send + 'static,
+    T: Send + 'static,
+{
+    let handle = handle.clone();
+    tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+        let mut guard = handle.blocking_lock();
+        f(&mut guard)
+    })
+    .await
+    .context("DB task panicked")?
+}
+
+/// Hash a sequence of fields with a per-table tag to produce a 64-bit
+/// `measurement_id`. The bit-cast to `i64` is intentional: DuckDB's `BIGINT`
+/// is signed.
+fn finish(hasher: XxHash64) -> i64 {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    hasher.finish() as i64
+}
+
+fn write_str(hasher: &mut XxHash64, s: &str) {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    hasher.write_u64(s.len() as u64);
+    hasher.write(s.as_bytes());
+}
+
+fn write_opt_str(hasher: &mut XxHash64, s: Option<&str>) {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    match s {
+        Some(s) => {
+            hasher.write_u8(1);
+            write_str(hasher, s);
+        }
+        None => hasher.write_u8(0),
+    }
+}
+
+fn write_i32(hasher: &mut XxHash64, v: i32) {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    hasher.write_i32(v);
+}
+
+fn write_f64(hasher: &mut XxHash64, v: f64) {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    hasher.write_u64(v.to_bits());
+}
+
+fn hasher_for(tag: &'static str) -> XxHash64 {
+    use std::hash::Hasher as _;
+    let mut h = XxHash64::with_seed(0);
+    h.write(tag.as_bytes());
+    h.write_u8(0);
+    h
+}
+
+/// Hash for `query_measurements` rows. Matches the dim columns marked NOT NULL
+/// in `01-schema.md` plus the optional dimensions that distinguish rows.
+pub fn measurement_id_query(r: &QueryMeasurement) -> i64 {
+    let mut h = hasher_for("query_measurements");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
+    write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
+    write_opt_str(&mut h, r.scale_factor.as_deref());
+    write_i32(&mut h, r.query_idx);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.storage);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.engine);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
+    finish(h)
+}
+
+/// Hash for `compression_times` rows.
+pub fn measurement_id_compression_time(r: &CompressionTime) -> i64 {
+    let mut h = hasher_for("compression_times");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
+    write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.op);
+    finish(h)
+}
+
+/// Hash for `compression_sizes` rows.
+pub fn measurement_id_compression_size(r: &CompressionSize) -> i64 {
+    let mut h = hasher_for("compression_sizes");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
+    write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
+    finish(h)
+}
+
+/// Hash for `random_access_times` rows.
+pub fn measurement_id_random_access(r: &RandomAccessTime) -> i64 {
+    let mut h = hasher_for("random_access_times");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
+    finish(h)
+}
+
+/// Hash for `vector_search_runs` rows. `iterations` is intentionally not part
+/// of the dim tuple per `01-schema.md`.
+pub fn measurement_id_vector_search(r: &VectorSearchRun) -> i64 {
+    let mut h = hasher_for("vector_search_runs");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.layout);
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.flavor);
+    write_f64(&mut h, r.threshold);
+    finish(h)
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/error.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f477ccf63d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Error types for the bench server.
+//!
+//! [`IngestError`] models the HTTP matrix from `02-contracts.md` for the
+//! `POST /api/ingest` route. [`ApiError`] is the catch-all for read routes.
+
+use axum::Json;
+use axum::http::StatusCode;
+use axum::response::IntoResponse;
+use axum::response::Response;
+use serde_json::json;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+/// Errors surfaced by `POST /api/ingest`. Each variant maps to a specific
+/// HTTP status per the contract.
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum IngestError {
+    /// 400 - the request body wasn't valid JSON or didn't match the envelope
+    /// schema (including unknown `kind` values and unknown fields).
+    #[error("malformed request body: {0}")]
+    Malformed(String),
+
+    /// 400 - a per-record validation rule failed. Carries the offending
+    /// record's index in `records` so emitters can pinpoint the problem.
+    #[error("record at index {index} failed validation: {message}")]
+    Record { index: usize, message: String },
+
+    /// 401 - the bearer token was missing or did not match.
+    #[error("missing or invalid bearer token")]
+    Unauthorized,
+
+    /// 409 - the envelope's `schema_version` is newer than this server expects.
+    #[error("schema version {got} is newer than server's {expected}")]
+    SchemaVersionTooNew { expected: i32, got: i32 },
+
+    /// 500 - any other error. Avoid leaking internals to clients.
+    #[error("internal server error")]
+    Internal(#[from] anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl IngestError {
+    fn status(&self) -> StatusCode {
+        match self {
+            Self::Malformed(_) | Self::Record { .. } => StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+            Self::Unauthorized => StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED,
+            Self::SchemaVersionTooNew { .. } => StatusCode::CONFLICT,
+            Self::Internal(_) => StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl IntoResponse for IngestError {
+    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
+        let status = self.status();
+        let body = match &self {
+            Self::Malformed(msg) => json!({ "error": "malformed", "message": msg }),
+            Self::Record { index, message } => json!({
+                "error": "record",
+                "record_index": index,
+                "message": message,
+            }),
+            Self::Unauthorized => json!({ "error": "unauthorized" }),
+            Self::SchemaVersionTooNew { expected, got } => json!({
+                "error": "schema_version_too_new",
+                "expected": expected,
+                "got": got,
+            }),
+            Self::Internal(err) => {
+                tracing::error!(error = ?err, "ingest internal error");
+                json!({ "error": "internal" })
+            }
+        };
+        (status, Json(body)).into_response()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Errors surfaced by the read API and `/health`.
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+pub enum ApiError {
+    /// 404 - the slug supplied to `/api/chart/:slug` couldn't be parsed
+    /// or matched no rows.
+    #[error("not found: {0}")]
+    NotFound(String),
+
+    /// 400 - the slug or query parameters were syntactically invalid.
+    #[error("bad request: {0}")]
+    BadRequest(String),
+
+    /// 500 - any other error.
+    #[error("internal server error")]
+    Internal(#[from] anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl IntoResponse for ApiError {
+    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
+        let (status, body) = match &self {
+            Self::NotFound(msg) => (
+                StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
+                json!({ "error": "not_found", "message": msg }),
+            ),
+            Self::BadRequest(msg) => (
+                StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+                json!({ "error": "bad_request", "message": msg }),
+            ),
+            Self::Internal(err) => {
+                tracing::error!(error = ?err, "api internal error");
+                (
+                    StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                    json!({ "error": "internal" }),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+        (status, Json(body)).into_response()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6411b552eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! HTML routes.
+//!
+//! The web-ui component owns the actual landing-page and chart-page templates.
+//! At alpha this module exposes a single placeholder route so the server can
+//! be exercised end-to-end before web-ui lands; the web-ui PR replaces
+//! [`router`] with the real Maud templates.
+
+use axum::Router;
+use axum::routing::get;
+use maud::DOCTYPE;
+use maud::Markup;
+use maud::html;
+
+use crate::app::AppState;
+
+/// HTML routes mounted under `/`. Replaced by the web-ui component.
+pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
+    Router::new().route("/", get(placeholder))
+}
+
+async fn placeholder() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        (DOCTYPE)
+        html lang="en" {
+            head {
+                meta charset="utf-8";
+                title { "bench.vortex.dev (v3 alpha)" }
+            }
+            body {
+                h1 { "bench.vortex.dev (v3 alpha)" }
+                p {
+                    "Server is up. The landing page and chart page land with "
+                    "the web-ui PR."
+                }
+                ul {
+                    li { code { "GET /api/groups" } }
+                    li { code { "GET /api/chart/{slug}" } }
+                    li { code { "GET /health" } }
+                    li { code { "POST /api/ingest" } " (bearer auth)" }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/ingest.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/ingest.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1edf3acf126
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/ingest.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! `POST /api/ingest` handler.
+//!
+//! All-or-nothing per envelope: every record is upserted in a single DuckDB
+//! transaction or none of them are. The reported `inserted`/`updated` counts
+//! aggregate across all five fact tables.
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use axum::Json;
+use axum::extract::State;
+use axum::response::IntoResponse;
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use duckdb::params;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+use crate::app::AppState;
+use crate::db::measurement_id_compression_size;
+use crate::db::measurement_id_compression_time;
+use crate::db::measurement_id_query;
+use crate::db::measurement_id_random_access;
+use crate::db::measurement_id_vector_search;
+use crate::db::{self};
+use crate::error::IngestError;
+use crate::records::CommitInfo;
+use crate::records::Envelope;
+use crate::records::QueryMeasurement;
+use crate::records::Record;
+use crate::records::VectorSearchRun;
+use crate::schema::SCHEMA_VERSION;
+
+/// Successful ingest response body.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct IngestResponse {
+    pub inserted: u64,
+    pub updated: u64,
+}
+
+/// Handler for `POST /api/ingest`. Bearer auth is enforced by the
+/// [`crate::auth::require_bearer`] middleware, not here.
+pub async fn handle(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    body: Json<Value>,
+) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, IngestError> {
+    let Json(value) = body;
+    let envelope: Envelope =
+        serde_json::from_value(value).map_err(|e| IngestError::Malformed(e.to_string()))?;
+    validate_envelope(&envelope)?;
+
+    let response = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| apply_envelope(conn, envelope))
+        .await
+        .map_err(|err| match err.downcast::<IngestError>() {
+            Ok(ingest) => ingest,
+            Err(other) => IngestError::Internal(other),
+        })?;
+    Ok(Json(response))
+}
+
+fn validate_envelope(env: &Envelope) -> Result<(), IngestError> {
+    if env.run_meta.schema_version > SCHEMA_VERSION {
+        return Err(IngestError::SchemaVersionTooNew {
+            expected: SCHEMA_VERSION,
+            got: env.run_meta.schema_version,
+        });
+    }
+    if env.run_meta.schema_version < SCHEMA_VERSION {
+        return Err(IngestError::Malformed(format!(
+            "schema_version {} is older than server's {}",
+            env.run_meta.schema_version, SCHEMA_VERSION
+        )));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn apply_envelope(conn: &mut Connection, env: Envelope) -> Result<IngestResponse> {
+    let tx = conn.transaction().context("begin transaction")?;
+
+    upsert_commit(&tx, &env.commit).context("upsert commit")?;
+
+    let mut inserted = 0u64;
+    let mut updated = 0u64;
+    for (idx, record) in env.records.iter().enumerate() {
+        if record.commit_sha() != env.commit.sha {
+            return Err(IngestError::Record {
+                index: idx,
+                message: format!(
+                    "record commit_sha {:?} does not match envelope commit.sha {:?}",
+                    record.commit_sha(),
+                    env.commit.sha,
+                ),
+            }
+            .into());
+        }
+        match apply_record(&tx, record) {
+            Ok(was_update) => {
+                if was_update {
+                    updated += 1;
+                } else {
+                    inserted += 1;
+                }
+            }
+            Err(RecordError::Validation(msg)) => {
+                return Err(IngestError::Record {
+                    index: idx,
+                    message: msg,
+                }
+                .into());
+            }
+            Err(RecordError::Internal(err)) => {
+                return Err(err.context(format!("applying record at index {idx}")));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    tx.commit().context("commit transaction")?;
+
+    Ok(IngestResponse { inserted, updated })
+}
+
+fn upsert_commit(tx: &duckdb::Transaction<'_>, c: &CommitInfo) -> Result<()> {
+    tx.execute(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO commits (
+            commit_sha, timestamp, message, author_name, author_email,
+            committer_name, committer_email, tree_sha, url
+        ) VALUES (?, CAST(? AS TIMESTAMPTZ), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        ON CONFLICT (commit_sha) DO UPDATE SET
+            timestamp       = excluded.timestamp,
+            message         = excluded.message,
+            author_name     = excluded.author_name,
+            author_email    = excluded.author_email,
+            committer_name  = excluded.committer_name,
+            committer_email = excluded.committer_email,
+            tree_sha        = excluded.tree_sha,
+            url             = excluded.url
+        "#,
+        params![
+            c.sha,
+            c.timestamp,
+            c.message,
+            c.author_name,
+            c.author_email,
+            c.committer_name,
+            c.committer_email,
+            c.tree_sha,
+            c.url,
+        ],
+    )?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Per-record error split: validation failures carry a message that the
+/// caller turns into an [`IngestError::Record`] with the right index;
+/// anything else bubbles up as a 500.
+enum RecordError {
+    Validation(String),
+    Internal(anyhow::Error),
+}
+
+impl From<anyhow::Error> for RecordError {
+    fn from(err: anyhow::Error) -> Self {
+        Self::Internal(err)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<duckdb::Error> for RecordError {
+    fn from(err: duckdb::Error) -> Self {
+        Self::Internal(err.into())
+    }
+}
+
+fn apply_record(tx: &duckdb::Transaction<'_>, record: &Record) -> Result<bool, RecordError> {
+    match record {
+        Record::QueryMeasurement(r) => insert_query_measurement(tx, r),
+        Record::CompressionTime(r) => {
+            let mid = measurement_id_compression_time(r);
+            let was_update = exists(tx, "compression_times", mid)?;
+            tx.execute(
+                r#"
+                INSERT INTO compression_times (
+                    measurement_id, commit_sha, dataset, dataset_variant,
+                    format, op, value_ns, all_runtimes_ns, env_triple
+                ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, CAST(? AS BIGINT[]), ?)
+                ON CONFLICT (measurement_id) DO UPDATE SET
+                    commit_sha      = excluded.commit_sha,
+                    value_ns        = excluded.value_ns,
+                    all_runtimes_ns = excluded.all_runtimes_ns,
+                    env_triple      = excluded.env_triple
+                "#,
+                params![
+                    mid,
+                    r.commit_sha,
+                    r.dataset,
+                    r.dataset_variant,
+                    r.format,
+                    r.op,
+                    r.value_ns,
+                    runtimes_literal(&r.all_runtimes_ns),
+                    r.env_triple,
+                ],
+            )?;
+            Ok(was_update)
+        }
+        Record::CompressionSize(r) => {
+            let mid = measurement_id_compression_size(r);
+            let was_update = exists(tx, "compression_sizes", mid)?;
+            tx.execute(
+                r#"
+                INSERT INTO compression_sizes (
+                    measurement_id, commit_sha, dataset, dataset_variant,
+                    format, value_bytes
+                ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+                ON CONFLICT (measurement_id) DO UPDATE SET
+                    commit_sha   = excluded.commit_sha,
+                    value_bytes  = excluded.value_bytes
+                "#,
+                params![
+                    mid,
+                    r.commit_sha,
+                    r.dataset,
+                    r.dataset_variant,
+                    r.format,
+                    r.value_bytes,
+                ],
+            )?;
+            Ok(was_update)
+        }
+        Record::RandomAccessTime(r) => {
+            let mid = measurement_id_random_access(r);
+            let was_update = exists(tx, "random_access_times", mid)?;
+            tx.execute(
+                r#"
+                INSERT INTO random_access_times (
+                    measurement_id, commit_sha, dataset, format,
+                    value_ns, all_runtimes_ns, env_triple
+                ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, CAST(? AS BIGINT[]), ?)
+                ON CONFLICT (measurement_id) DO UPDATE SET
+                    commit_sha      = excluded.commit_sha,
+                    value_ns        = excluded.value_ns,
+                    all_runtimes_ns = excluded.all_runtimes_ns,
+                    env_triple      = excluded.env_triple
+                "#,
+                params![
+                    mid,
+                    r.commit_sha,
+                    r.dataset,
+                    r.format,
+                    r.value_ns,
+                    runtimes_literal(&r.all_runtimes_ns),
+                    r.env_triple,
+                ],
+            )?;
+            Ok(was_update)
+        }
+        Record::VectorSearchRun(r) => insert_vector_search(tx, r),
+    }
+}
+
+fn insert_query_measurement(
+    tx: &duckdb::Transaction<'_>,
+    r: &QueryMeasurement,
+) -> Result<bool, RecordError> {
+    if !matches!(r.storage.as_str(), "nvme" | "s3") {
+        return Err(RecordError::Validation(format!(
+            "storage must be 'nvme' or 's3', got {:?}",
+            r.storage
+        )));
+    }
+    if !memory_quartet_consistent(r) {
+        return Err(RecordError::Validation(
+            "memory fields must be populated together (all four or none)".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let mid = measurement_id_query(r);
+    let was_update = exists(tx, "query_measurements", mid)?;
+    tx.execute(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO query_measurements (
+            measurement_id, commit_sha, dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor,
+            query_idx, storage, engine, format,
+            value_ns, all_runtimes_ns,
+            peak_physical, peak_virtual, physical_delta, virtual_delta,
+            env_triple
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, CAST(? AS BIGINT[]), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        ON CONFLICT (measurement_id) DO UPDATE SET
+            commit_sha      = excluded.commit_sha,
+            value_ns        = excluded.value_ns,
+            all_runtimes_ns = excluded.all_runtimes_ns,
+            peak_physical   = excluded.peak_physical,
+            peak_virtual    = excluded.peak_virtual,
+            physical_delta  = excluded.physical_delta,
+            virtual_delta   = excluded.virtual_delta,
+            env_triple      = excluded.env_triple
+        "#,
+        params![
+            mid,
+            r.commit_sha,
+            r.dataset,
+            r.dataset_variant,
+            r.scale_factor,
+            r.query_idx,
+            r.storage,
+            r.engine,
+            r.format,
+            r.value_ns,
+            runtimes_literal(&r.all_runtimes_ns),
+            r.peak_physical,
+            r.peak_virtual,
+            r.physical_delta,
+            r.virtual_delta,
+            r.env_triple,
+        ],
+    )?;
+    Ok(was_update)
+}
+
+fn insert_vector_search(
+    tx: &duckdb::Transaction<'_>,
+    r: &VectorSearchRun,
+) -> Result<bool, RecordError> {
+    let mid = measurement_id_vector_search(r);
+    let was_update = exists(tx, "vector_search_runs", mid)?;
+    tx.execute(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO vector_search_runs (
+            measurement_id, commit_sha, dataset, layout, flavor, threshold,
+            value_ns, all_runtimes_ns, matches, rows_scanned, bytes_scanned,
+            iterations, env_triple
+        ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, CAST(? AS BIGINT[]), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        ON CONFLICT (measurement_id) DO UPDATE SET
+            commit_sha      = excluded.commit_sha,
+            value_ns        = excluded.value_ns,
+            all_runtimes_ns = excluded.all_runtimes_ns,
+            matches         = excluded.matches,
+            rows_scanned    = excluded.rows_scanned,
+            bytes_scanned   = excluded.bytes_scanned,
+            iterations      = excluded.iterations,
+            env_triple      = excluded.env_triple
+        "#,
+        params![
+            mid,
+            r.commit_sha,
+            r.dataset,
+            r.layout,
+            r.flavor,
+            r.threshold,
+            r.value_ns,
+            runtimes_literal(&r.all_runtimes_ns),
+            r.matches,
+            r.rows_scanned,
+            r.bytes_scanned,
+            r.iterations,
+            r.env_triple,
+        ],
+    )?;
+    Ok(was_update)
+}
+
+fn exists(tx: &duckdb::Transaction<'_>, table: &str, mid: i64) -> Result<bool, RecordError> {
+    // Table name is from a closed enum of literals above, never user input.
+    let sql = format!("SELECT 1 FROM {table} WHERE measurement_id = ? LIMIT 1");
+    let mut stmt = tx.prepare(&sql)?;
+    let exists = stmt.exists(params![mid])?;
+    Ok(exists)
+}
+
+fn runtimes_literal(values: &[i64]) -> String {
+    let mut s = String::with_capacity(values.len() * 8 + 2);
+    s.push('[');
+    for (i, v) in values.iter().enumerate() {
+        if i > 0 {
+            s.push(',');
+        }
+        s.push_str(&v.to_string());
+    }
+    s.push(']');
+    s
+}
+
+fn memory_quartet_consistent(r: &QueryMeasurement) -> bool {
+    let any = r.peak_physical.is_some()
+        || r.peak_virtual.is_some()
+        || r.physical_delta.is_some()
+        || r.virtual_delta.is_some();
+    let all = r.peak_physical.is_some()
+        && r.peak_virtual.is_some()
+        && r.physical_delta.is_some()
+        && r.virtual_delta.is_some();
+    !any || all
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/lib.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ae0a19b6cb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Vortex benchmarks website v3 (alpha) server.
+//!
+//! This crate is a leaf binary that owns a DuckDB file on local disk,
+//! accepts authenticated `/api/ingest` POSTs, and serves a small read API
+//! plus the HTML pages contributed by the web-ui component.
+
+pub mod api;
+pub mod app;
+pub mod auth;
+pub mod db;
+pub mod error;
+pub mod html;
+pub mod ingest;
+pub mod records;
+pub mod schema;
+pub mod slug;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93768fdbfca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Binary entrypoint for the bench.vortex.dev v3 alpha server.
+
+use std::env;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_env_filter(
+            EnvFilter::try_from_env("VORTEX_BENCH_LOG").unwrap_or_else(|_| EnvFilter::new("info")),
+        )
+        .init();
+
+    let db_path: PathBuf = env::var("VORTEX_BENCH_DB")
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "bench.duckdb".to_string())
+        .into();
+    let bearer_token =
+        env::var("INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN").context("INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN env var must be set")?;
+    let bind_addr = env::var("VORTEX_BENCH_BIND").unwrap_or_else(|_| "127.0.0.1:3000".to_string());
+
+    let state = vortex_bench_server::app::AppState::open(&db_path, bearer_token)
+        .with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", db_path.display()))?;
+    let app = vortex_bench_server::app::router(state);
+
+    let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(&bind_addr)
+        .await
+        .with_context(|| format!("binding to {bind_addr}"))?;
+    tracing::info!(
+        addr = %listener.local_addr()?,
+        db = %db_path.display(),
+        "bench server listening"
+    );
+    axum::serve(listener, app).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/records.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/records.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0217675cdea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/records.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Wire shapes for `POST /api/ingest`.
+//!
+//! These types deserialize the ingest envelope defined in
+//! `benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md`. Each variant of [`Record`]
+//! is gated by `#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]`, so unknown fields produce
+//! a 400 with the offending record's index.
+
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+/// One ingest payload.
+///
+/// `run_meta` and `commit` are added by the post-ingest script around the
+/// JSONL of bare records the Rust emitter writes.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct Envelope {
+    pub run_meta: RunMeta,
+    pub commit: CommitInfo,
+    pub records: Vec<Record>,
+}
+
+/// Run-level metadata. `schema_version` is checked against
+/// [`crate::schema::SCHEMA_VERSION`] before any record is processed.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct RunMeta {
+    pub benchmark_id: String,
+    pub schema_version: i32,
+    pub started_at: String,
+}
+
+/// Columns for the `commits` dim table. The wire field for `commit_sha` is
+/// renamed to `sha` per the contract.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct CommitInfo {
+    pub sha: String,
+    pub timestamp: String,
+    pub message: String,
+    pub author_name: String,
+    pub author_email: String,
+    pub committer_name: String,
+    pub committer_email: String,
+    pub tree_sha: String,
+    pub url: String,
+}
+
+/// A single ingest record, discriminated by `kind`.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum Record {
+    QueryMeasurement(QueryMeasurement),
+    CompressionTime(CompressionTime),
+    CompressionSize(CompressionSize),
+    RandomAccessTime(RandomAccessTime),
+    VectorSearchRun(VectorSearchRun),
+}
+
+/// SQL query suite measurement (TPC-H, ClickBench, ...).
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct QueryMeasurement {
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    pub dataset: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub scale_factor: Option<String>,
+    pub query_idx: i32,
+    pub storage: String,
+    pub engine: String,
+    pub format: String,
+    pub value_ns: i64,
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub peak_physical: Option<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub peak_virtual: Option<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub physical_delta: Option<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub virtual_delta: Option<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Encode/decode timing from `compress-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct CompressionTime {
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    pub dataset: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    pub format: String,
+    pub op: String,
+    pub value_ns: i64,
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// On-disk size from `compress-bench`. One-shot, no per-iteration data.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct CompressionSize {
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    pub dataset: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    pub format: String,
+    pub value_bytes: i64,
+}
+
+/// Take-time timing from `random-access-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct RandomAccessTime {
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    pub dataset: String,
+    pub format: String,
+    pub value_ns: i64,
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Cosine-similarity scan from `vector-search-bench`.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct VectorSearchRun {
+    pub commit_sha: String,
+    pub dataset: String,
+    pub layout: String,
+    pub flavor: String,
+    pub threshold: f64,
+    pub value_ns: i64,
+    pub all_runtimes_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    pub matches: i64,
+    pub rows_scanned: i64,
+    pub bytes_scanned: i64,
+    pub iterations: i32,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub env_triple: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl Record {
+    /// The `commit_sha` referenced by this record. Every record carries one;
+    /// the server checks the envelope's `commit.sha` matches.
+    pub fn commit_sha(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            Self::QueryMeasurement(r) => &r.commit_sha,
+            Self::CompressionTime(r) => &r.commit_sha,
+            Self::CompressionSize(r) => &r.commit_sha,
+            Self::RandomAccessTime(r) => &r.commit_sha,
+            Self::VectorSearchRun(r) => &r.commit_sha,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The wire `kind` string. Useful for logging and error messages.
+    pub fn kind(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::QueryMeasurement(_) => "query_measurement",
+            Self::CompressionTime(_) => "compression_time",
+            Self::CompressionSize(_) => "compression_size",
+            Self::RandomAccessTime(_) => "random_access_time",
+            Self::VectorSearchRun(_) => "vector_search_run",
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..72d456c3043
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! DuckDB schema DDL applied on server boot.
+//!
+//! See `benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md` for the column contracts.
+//! There is no migration framework at alpha: if the schema changes, delete
+//! the DuckDB file and restart.
+
+/// DDL for the `commits` dim plus the five fact tables.
+pub const SCHEMA_DDL: &str = r#"
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS commits (
+    commit_sha       TEXT        PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    timestamp        TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    message          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    author_name      TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    author_email     TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    committer_name   TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    committer_email  TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    tree_sha         TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    url              TEXT        NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS query_measurements (
+    measurement_id   BIGINT      PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    commit_sha       TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset_variant  TEXT,
+    scale_factor     TEXT,
+    query_idx        INTEGER     NOT NULL,
+    storage          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    engine           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    format           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    value_ns         BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    all_runtimes_ns  BIGINT[]    NOT NULL,
+    peak_physical    BIGINT,
+    peak_virtual     BIGINT,
+    physical_delta   BIGINT,
+    virtual_delta    BIGINT,
+    env_triple       TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS compression_times (
+    measurement_id   BIGINT      PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    commit_sha       TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset_variant  TEXT,
+    format           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    op               TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    value_ns         BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    all_runtimes_ns  BIGINT[]    NOT NULL,
+    env_triple       TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS compression_sizes (
+    measurement_id   BIGINT      PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    commit_sha       TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset_variant  TEXT,
+    format           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    value_bytes      BIGINT      NOT NULL
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS random_access_times (
+    measurement_id   BIGINT      PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    commit_sha       TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    format           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    value_ns         BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    all_runtimes_ns  BIGINT[]    NOT NULL,
+    env_triple       TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS vector_search_runs (
+    measurement_id   BIGINT      PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
+    commit_sha       TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    dataset          TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    layout           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    flavor           TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    threshold        DOUBLE      NOT NULL,
+    value_ns         BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    all_runtimes_ns  BIGINT[]    NOT NULL,
+    matches          BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    rows_scanned     BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    bytes_scanned    BIGINT      NOT NULL,
+    iterations       INTEGER     NOT NULL,
+    env_triple       TEXT
+);
+"#;
+
+/// Schema version expected by the server. The ingest envelope's
+/// `run_meta.schema_version` must match this exactly at alpha.
+pub const SCHEMA_VERSION: i32 = 1;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fc8c3a43c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Opaque slugs for `/api/chart/:slug`.
+//!
+//! Per `02-contracts.md`, the web-ui treats slugs as opaque strings: it
+//! receives them from `/api/groups` and feeds them back unchanged to
+//! `/api/chart/:slug`. The server is free to choose any format.
+//!
+//! Slugs here are `<prefix>.<base64url-of-json>` where `<prefix>` names the
+//! source fact table and the JSON encodes the chart key. Round-tripping the
+//! slug back gives a strongly-typed [`ChartKey`].
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::anyhow;
+use base64::Engine as _;
+use base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
+
+const PREFIX_QUERY: &str = "qm";
+const PREFIX_COMPRESSION_TIME: &str = "ct";
+const PREFIX_COMPRESSION_SIZE: &str = "cs";
+const PREFIX_RANDOM_ACCESS: &str = "rat";
+const PREFIX_VECTOR_SEARCH: &str = "vsr";
+
+/// The strongly-typed chart key parsed from a slug.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(tag = "k")]
+pub enum ChartKey {
+    /// `query_measurements` chart: `(dataset, query_idx)` per `01-schema.md`.
+    /// Group context (`dataset_variant`, `scale_factor`, `storage`) is carried
+    /// alongside so the slug fully specifies the chart.
+    QueryMeasurement {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+        scale_factor: Option<String>,
+        storage: String,
+        query_idx: i32,
+    },
+    /// `compression_times` chart: `(dataset, dataset_variant)`.
+    CompressionTime {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    },
+    /// `compression_sizes` chart: `(dataset, dataset_variant)`.
+    CompressionSize {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+    },
+    /// `random_access_times` chart: `dataset`.
+    RandomAccess { dataset: String },
+    /// `vector_search_runs` chart: `(dataset, layout, threshold)`.
+    VectorSearch {
+        dataset: String,
+        layout: String,
+        threshold: f64,
+    },
+}
+
+impl ChartKey {
+    fn prefix(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::QueryMeasurement { .. } => PREFIX_QUERY,
+            Self::CompressionTime { .. } => PREFIX_COMPRESSION_TIME,
+            Self::CompressionSize { .. } => PREFIX_COMPRESSION_SIZE,
+            Self::RandomAccess { .. } => PREFIX_RANDOM_ACCESS,
+            Self::VectorSearch { .. } => PREFIX_VECTOR_SEARCH,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Render the slug for this chart key.
+    pub fn to_slug(&self) -> String {
+        let json = serde_json::to_vec(self).expect("ChartKey is always JSON-serializable");
+        format!("{}.{}", self.prefix(), URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.encode(json))
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a slug previously produced by [`Self::to_slug`].
+    pub fn from_slug(slug: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+        let (_, encoded) = slug
+            .split_once('.')
+            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("slug missing '.' separator"))?;
+        let json = URL_SAFE_NO_PAD
+            .decode(encoded.as_bytes())
+            .context("slug payload was not valid base64url")?;
+        let key: Self = serde_json::from_slice(&json).context("slug payload was not valid JSON")?;
+        Ok(key)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn roundtrip(key: ChartKey) {
+        let slug = key.to_slug();
+        let parsed = ChartKey::from_slug(&slug).expect("parses back");
+        assert_eq!(parsed, key);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn query_measurement_roundtrips() {
+        roundtrip(ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
+            dataset: "tpch".into(),
+            dataset_variant: None,
+            scale_factor: Some("1".into()),
+            storage: "nvme".into(),
+            query_idx: 7,
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn vector_search_roundtrips() {
+        roundtrip(ChartKey::VectorSearch {
+            dataset: "cohere-large-10m".into(),
+            layout: "partitioned".into(),
+            threshold: 0.75,
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn random_access_roundtrips() {
+        roundtrip(ChartKey::RandomAccess {
+            dataset: "taxi".into(),
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn malformed_slug_rejected() {
+        assert!(ChartKey::from_slug("not-a-slug").is_err());
+        assert!(ChartKey::from_slug("qm.****").is_err());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/ingest.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/ingest.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..227004fee5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/ingest.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Integration tests covering the acceptance criteria from
+//! `benchmarks-website/planning/components/server.md`.
+
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use serde_json::json;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::net::TcpListener;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+use vortex_bench_server::app::AppState;
+use vortex_bench_server::app::router;
+
+const TOKEN: &str = "test-bearer-token";
+
+struct Server {
+    addr: SocketAddr,
+    _tmp: TempDir,
+    handle: JoinHandle<()>,
+}
+
+impl Server {
+    async fn start() -> Result<Self> {
+        let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
+        let db_path = tmp.path().join("bench.duckdb");
+        let state = AppState::open(&db_path, TOKEN.to_string())?;
+        let app = router(state);
+
+        let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await?;
+        let addr = listener.local_addr()?;
+        let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            axum::serve(listener, app).await.unwrap();
+        });
+        Ok(Self {
+            addr,
+            _tmp: tmp,
+            handle,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn url(&self, path: &str) -> String {
+        format!("http://{}{}", self.addr, path)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Server {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        self.handle.abort();
+    }
+}
+
+fn fixture_envelope() -> Value {
+    let raw = include_str!("../fixtures/envelope.json");
+    serde_json::from_str(raw).expect("fixture envelope is valid JSON")
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn happy_path_then_idempotent_reingest() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let envelope = fixture_envelope();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200, "first ingest should be 200");
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert_eq!(body["inserted"].as_u64(), Some(5));
+    assert_eq!(body["updated"].as_u64(), Some(0));
+
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200, "second ingest should be 200");
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert_eq!(body["inserted"].as_u64(), Some(0), "no new rows on re-emit");
+    assert!(
+        body["updated"].as_u64().context("updated is u64")? > 0,
+        "re-emit must report at least one updated row"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn missing_bearer_is_unauthorized() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let envelope = fixture_envelope();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 401);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn wrong_bearer_is_unauthorized() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let envelope = fixture_envelope();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth("not-the-real-token")
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 401);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unknown_kind_is_400() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let envelope = json!({
+        "run_meta": {
+            "benchmark_id": "fixture",
+            "schema_version": 1,
+            "started_at": "2026-04-25T00:00:00Z"
+        },
+        "commit": {
+            "sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567",
+            "timestamp": "2026-04-25T00:00:00Z",
+            "message": "x", "author_name": "x", "author_email": "x@x",
+            "committer_name": "x", "committer_email": "x@x",
+            "tree_sha": "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba98",
+            "url": "https://example.com"
+        },
+        "records": [
+            { "kind": "made_up_kind", "commit_sha": "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef01234567" }
+        ]
+    });
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 400);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unknown_field_is_400() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let mut envelope = fixture_envelope();
+    envelope["records"][0]["surprise_field"] = json!("oops");
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 400);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn schema_version_too_new_is_409() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let mut envelope = fixture_envelope();
+    envelope["run_meta"]["schema_version"] = json!(99);
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 409);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn invalid_storage_is_400_record_error() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let mut envelope = fixture_envelope();
+    envelope["records"][0]["storage"] = json!("gcs");
+    let resp = client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&envelope)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 400);
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert_eq!(body["record_index"], json!(0));
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn health_reports_after_ingest() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    // Pre-ingest: counts are zero.
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/health")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert_eq!(body["status"], "ok");
+    assert_eq!(body["schema_version"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["commits"], 0);
+    assert!(body["latest_commit_timestamp"].is_null());
+
+    // Ingest, then re-check.
+    client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&fixture_envelope())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/health")).send().await?;
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["commits"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["query_measurements"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["compression_times"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["compression_sizes"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["random_access_times"], 1);
+    assert_eq!(body["row_counts"]["vector_search_runs"], 1);
+    assert!(!body["latest_commit_timestamp"].is_null());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn read_routes_serve_after_ingest() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    client
+        .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+        .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+        .json(&fixture_envelope())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/api/groups")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    let groups = body["groups"].as_array().context("groups is array")?;
+    assert!(
+        !groups.is_empty(),
+        "groups should not be empty after ingest"
+    );
+
+    // Pick the first chart slug and round-trip it.
+    let first_chart = groups
+        .iter()
+        .find_map(|g| g["charts"].as_array().and_then(|c| c.first()))
+        .context("at least one chart")?;
+    let slug = first_chart["slug"]
+        .as_str()
+        .context("slug is a string")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200, "chart {slug} should resolve");
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert!(body["display_name"].is_string());
+    assert!(body["unit"].is_string());
+    assert!(body["commits"].is_array());
+    assert_eq!(body["commits"].as_array().unwrap().len(), 1);
+    assert!(body["series"].is_object());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unknown_slug_is_404() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/chart/qm.aGVsbG8"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    // Either 400 (couldn't decode JSON) or 404 (decoded but no rows). Both are
+    // acceptable per the contract; we just need it to not be a 500.
+    assert!(
+        resp.status() == 400 || resp.status() == 404,
+        "got {}",
+        resp.status()
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}

From 18f4f8e2b544058d71824052f58fbf45d5b15f67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 07:40:27 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 04/26] fix planning docs

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md | 21 +++++++++++----------
 benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md      | 21 ++++++++++-----------
 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md      |  8 +++++---
 benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md   | 15 +++++++++------
 4 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
index 0fcb9557aab..c6c3e05c57f 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/00-overview.md
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 ## What we're building
 
 A replacement for the current `bench.vortex.dev` site. The new
-stack is a **single Rust binary** that owns a **DuckDB database**
-on local disk and serves the website plus an `/api/ingest` route.
-CI eventually POSTs new benchmark results there. There is no
-separate ingester service, no S3 coordination layer for writes, no
-client-side WASM.
+stack is a **single Rust binary** (axum + maud + duckdb-rs) that
+owns a **DuckDB database** on local disk and serves the website
+plus an `/api/ingest` route. CI eventually POSTs new benchmark
+results there. There is no separate ingester service, no S3
+coordination layer for writes, no client-side WASM.
 
-HTTP framework, templating engine, and module layout are the
-server agent's call.
+The server crate is `vortex-bench-server` at
+`benchmarks-website/server/`.
 
 ## Phasing
 
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ alpha; they come back in phase 2.
 ## Status of v2 during alpha
 
 v2 stays in production untouched. Do not edit
-`benchmarks-website/server.js` or `benchmarks-website/src/`. v3
-lives alongside under `benchmarks-website/` in a new Cargo crate
-(path is the server agent's call).
+`benchmarks-website/server.js`, `benchmarks-website/src/`, or any
+other v2 files at `benchmarks-website/` top level. v3 lives in the
+sibling subdirectory at `benchmarks-website/server/`
+(`vortex-bench-server` crate).
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
index fe5cb69894e..28d6641cf7b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@ detail belongs in component plans.
 ## What you're working on
 
 The **alpha** of v3 of `bench.vortex.dev`. Target: a single Rust
-binary with **DuckDB on local disk**. The smallest end-to-end loop
-that proves the design.
+binary (axum + maud + duckdb-rs) with **DuckDB on local disk**.
+The smallest end-to-end loop that proves the design.
 
-The v2 site at `benchmarks-website/` is in production and stays
-running unchanged. v3 lives alongside in a new crate under
-`benchmarks-website/` (path is the server agent's call).
+The v2 site (top-level files in `benchmarks-website/`:
+`server.js`, `src/`, `package.json`, etc.) is in production and
+stays running unchanged. v3 lives alongside in
+`vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
 
 Anything not listed in [`README.md`](./README.md) under
 "Components" is **deferred**. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
@@ -43,8 +44,8 @@ You **don't** need to read other components' plans.
 See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout,
 and CI norms. Project-specific:
 
-- New crates go under `benchmarks-website/`. Add to root
-  `Cargo.toml` workspace members.
+- The v3 server crate lives at `benchmarks-website/server/` and is
+  registered in the root `Cargo.toml` `members` list.
 - All commits need a `Signed-off-by:` trailer.
 - Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you
   changed.
@@ -70,10 +71,8 @@ and CI norms. Project-specific:
 | Branch | Purpose |
 |---|---|
 | `develop` | Live v2 site. Don't break. |
-| `claude/review-benchmarks-redesign-BO3la` | This planning branch. |
-| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<component>` | Per-workstream feature branches. |
-
-Component branches start from `develop`.
+| `ct/benchmarks-v3` | Integration branch carrying the planning commit + landed component PRs. All component branches start here. |
+| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<component>` | Per-workstream feature branches, each branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it. |
 
 ## How to update this file
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
index 34a379b8bd3..6eabdaf0815 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
@@ -40,9 +40,11 @@ worked on in parallel**.
 ## Working branches
 
 - `develop` - the v2 site, in production. **Do not touch.**
-- `claude/review-benchmarks-redesign-BO3la` - this planning branch.
-- Component branches above - one per workstream, branched from
-  `develop`.
+- `ct/benchmarks-v3` - the integration branch carrying the
+  planning commit and any landed component PRs. All component
+  branches start here.
+- Component branches (one per workstream, see "Components" above),
+  each branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it.
 
 ## What this plan is not
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
index 1013b083b55..f9fef1bb7b7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/decisions.md
@@ -72,15 +72,18 @@ decisions deliberately stay open until we get there - see
   `/api/groups` as opaque strings and feeds them back unmodified
   into `/api/chart/:slug`. The server picks the slug format.
 
-## Recommended (not pinned)
+## In use (locked in by the server PR)
 
-These are starting points, not contracts. If the server agent has
-a stronger preference, change them.
+These were "recommended" before the server PR landed; they are now
+the actual stack in `benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml`. The
+web-ui agent inherits them by working in the same crate.
 
 - HTTP framework: `axum`.
-- Compile-time HTML templates: `maud` (`askama` is fine).
-- DuckDB driver: `duckdb-rs`. Pin a version that supports
-  `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT (...) DO UPDATE`.
+- Compile-time HTML templates: `maud`.
+- DuckDB driver: `duckdb-rs`, version pinned in the server crate's
+  `Cargo.toml`.
+- Snapshot tests: `insta` (workspace dep).
+- Logging: `tracing` (workspace dep).
 
 ## Open
 

From 8a0f6171bef7704c1bb778d089d3b0f28b832a43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 08:57:14 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 05/26] ci(benchmarks): wire v3 ingest dual-write into
 bench/sql workflows

Adds --gh-json-v3 plumbing through vx-bench and post-ingest steps
in bench.yml, sql-benchmarks.yml, plus a v3-commit-metadata workflow.
All v3 ingest is gated on vars.V3_INGEST_URL and continue-on-error,
so it's a clean no-op until the deploy track sets the variable.
v2's cat-s3.sh path is unchanged.

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .github/workflows/bench.yml                   | 15 +++++++-
 .github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml          | 15 ++++++++
 .github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml      | 35 +++++++++++++++++++
 bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/cli.py  |  5 +++
 .../bench_orchestrator/runner/executor.py     |  5 +++
 bench-orchestrator/tests/test_executor.py     | 25 +++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 99 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 .github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml

diff --git a/.github/workflows/bench.yml b/.github/workflows/bench.yml
index a437523b9be..37371dadd05 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/bench.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/bench.yml
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ jobs:
           VORTEX_EXPERIMENTAL_PATCHED_ARRAY: "1"
           FLAT_LAYOUT_INLINE_ARRAY_NODE: "1"
         run: |
-          bash scripts/bench-taskset.sh target/release_debug/${{ matrix.benchmark.id }} --formats ${{ matrix.benchmark.formats }} -d gh-json -o results.json
+          bash scripts/bench-taskset.sh target/release_debug/${{ matrix.benchmark.id }} --formats ${{ matrix.benchmark.formats }} -d gh-json -o results.json --gh-json-v3 results.v3.jsonl
 
       - name: Setup AWS CLI
         uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@ec61189d14ec14c8efccab744f656cffd0e33f37  # v6
@@ -105,6 +105,19 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           bash scripts/cat-s3.sh vortex-ci-benchmark-results data.json.gz results.json
 
+      - name: Ingest results to v3 server
+        if: vars.V3_INGEST_URL != ''
+        continue-on-error: true
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          python3 scripts/post-ingest.py results.v3.jsonl \
+            --server "${{ vars.V3_INGEST_URL }}" \
+            --commit-sha "${{ github.sha }}" \
+            --benchmark-id "${{ matrix.benchmark.id }}" \
+            --repo-url "${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}"
+
       - name: Alert incident.io
         if: failure()
         uses: ./.github/actions/alert-incident-io
diff --git a/.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml b/.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml
index 8be259fa562..fe77675fcbd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml
@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ jobs:
           bash scripts/bench-taskset.sh uv run --project bench-orchestrator vx-bench run "${{ matrix.subcommand }}" \
             --targets-json '${{ steps.targets.outputs.targets_json }}' \
             --output results.json \
+            --gh-json-v3 results.v3.jsonl \
             --no-build \
             --runner "ec2_${{ inputs.machine_type }}" \
             ${{ matrix.iterations && format('--iterations {0}', matrix.iterations) || '' }} \
@@ -395,6 +396,7 @@ jobs:
           bash scripts/bench-taskset.sh uv run --project bench-orchestrator vx-bench run "${{ matrix.subcommand }}" \
             --targets-json '${{ steps.targets.outputs.targets_json }}' \
             --output results.json \
+            --gh-json-v3 results.v3.jsonl \
             --no-build \
             --runner "ec2_${{ inputs.machine_type }}" \
             ${{ matrix.iterations && format('--iterations {0}', matrix.iterations) || '' }} \
@@ -499,6 +501,19 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           bash scripts/cat-s3.sh vortex-ci-benchmark-results data.json.gz results.json
 
+      - name: Ingest results to v3 server
+        if: inputs.mode == 'develop' && vars.V3_INGEST_URL != ''
+        continue-on-error: true
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          python3 scripts/post-ingest.py results.v3.jsonl \
+            --server "${{ vars.V3_INGEST_URL }}" \
+            --commit-sha "${{ github.sha }}" \
+            --benchmark-id "${{ matrix.id }}" \
+            --repo-url "${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}"
+
       - name: Upload File Sizes
         if: inputs.mode == 'develop' && matrix.remote_storage == null
         shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml b/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f18be93e53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# Posts a v3 ingest envelope with no records on every push to develop, so the
+# `commits` dim stays populated even when no benchmark ran.
+
+name: v3 commit metadata
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [develop]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  commit-metadata:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 2
+
+      - name: Ingest commit metadata to v3 server
+        if: vars.V3_INGEST_URL != ''
+        continue-on-error: true
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          echo -n > empty.jsonl
+          python3 scripts/post-ingest.py empty.jsonl \
+            --server "${{ vars.V3_INGEST_URL }}" \
+            --commit-sha "${{ github.sha }}" \
+            --benchmark-id "commit-metadata" \
+            --repo-url "${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}"
diff --git a/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/cli.py b/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/cli.py
index d497d85ed13..6c200015182 100644
--- a/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/cli.py
+++ b/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/cli.py
@@ -210,6 +210,10 @@ def run(
         Path | None,
         typer.Option("--output", help="Optional path for compatibility JSONL output"),
     ] = None,
+    gh_json_v3: Annotated[
+        Path | None,
+        typer.Option("--gh-json-v3", help="Optional path for v3 JSONL records emitted by the benchmark binary"),
+    ] = None,
     options: Annotated[list[str] | None, typer.Option("--opt", help="Engine or benchmark specific options")] = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Run benchmarks with specified configuration."""
@@ -294,6 +298,7 @@ def run(
                         sample_rate=sample_rate,
                         tracing=tracing,
                         runner=runner,
+                        gh_json_v3=gh_json_v3,
                         on_result=lambda line, store_writer=ctx.write_raw_json, compatibility=compatibility_file: (
                             write_result_line(
                                 line,
diff --git a/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/runner/executor.py b/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/runner/executor.py
index b895afdc2e1..32ed9c91132 100644
--- a/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/runner/executor.py
+++ b/bench-orchestrator/bench_orchestrator/runner/executor.py
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ def build_command(
         sample_rate: int | None = None,
         tracing: bool = False,
         runner: str | None = None,
+        gh_json_v3: Path | None = None,
     ) -> list[str]:
         """Build the command used to execute a benchmark binary."""
         cmd = [
@@ -67,6 +68,8 @@ def build_command(
             cmd.append("--tracing")
         if runner:
             cmd.extend(["--runner", runner])
+        if gh_json_v3 is not None:
+            cmd.extend(["--gh-json-v3", str(gh_json_v3)])
         if options:
             for key, value in options.items():
                 cmd.extend(["--opt", f"{key}={value}"])
@@ -98,6 +101,7 @@ def run(
         sample_rate: int | None = None,
         tracing: bool = False,
         runner: str | None = None,
+        gh_json_v3: Path | None = None,
         on_result: Callable[[str], None] | None = None,
     ) -> list[str]:
         """
@@ -128,6 +132,7 @@ def run(
             sample_rate=sample_rate,
             tracing=tracing,
             runner=runner,
+            gh_json_v3=gh_json_v3,
         )
 
         if self.verbose:
diff --git a/bench-orchestrator/tests/test_executor.py b/bench-orchestrator/tests/test_executor.py
index ade3dde1a67..dd3253a22ff 100644
--- a/bench-orchestrator/tests/test_executor.py
+++ b/bench-orchestrator/tests/test_executor.py
@@ -48,6 +48,31 @@ def test_build_command_omits_formats_for_lance_backend() -> None:
     assert "1,3" in cmd
 
 
+def test_build_command_includes_gh_json_v3_when_set() -> None:
+    executor = BenchmarkExecutor(Path("/tmp/duckdb-bench"), Engine.DUCKDB)
+
+    cmd = executor.build_command(
+        benchmark=Benchmark.TPCH,
+        formats=[Format.PARQUET],
+        gh_json_v3=Path("results.v3.jsonl"),
+    )
+
+    assert "--gh-json-v3" in cmd
+    flag_idx = cmd.index("--gh-json-v3")
+    assert cmd[flag_idx + 1] == "results.v3.jsonl"
+
+
+def test_build_command_omits_gh_json_v3_when_unset() -> None:
+    executor = BenchmarkExecutor(Path("/tmp/duckdb-bench"), Engine.DUCKDB)
+
+    cmd = executor.build_command(
+        benchmark=Benchmark.TPCH,
+        formats=[Format.PARQUET],
+    )
+
+    assert "--gh-json-v3" not in cmd
+
+
 def test_run_streams_logs_without_counting_them(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     script = tmp_path / "fake-bench.py"
     script.write_text(

From 7bc9f34b96257e8bb13264b7bc9b396411ea4649 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 09:20:45 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 06/26] [claude] benchmarks-website-v3: web UI (landing + chart
 pages) (#7641)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

## Summary

Implements the alpha web UI for `bench.vortex.dev` v3 per

[`benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md`](../tree/claude/vortex-benchmarks-ui-v3-QxRCK/benchmarks-website/planning/components/web-ui.md).
Replaces the placeholder `html.rs` router introduced in #7637 with two
real pages backed by Maud templates and a vendored Chart.js bundle.

- `GET /` — landing page that lists every group + chart link from
  `/api/groups`, rendered via `maud`.
- `GET /chart/{slug}` — single Chart.js line chart. Payload is fetched
  server-side via the same `api::collect_chart` helper used by
  `/api/chart/:slug`, then embedded inline as a JSON
  `<script id="chart-data">` block. No client-side round-trip after
  page load.
- `GET /static/...` — vendored `chart.umd.js` (Chart.js 4.4.4, MIT),
  `chart-init.js`, and `style.css`. All bundled into the binary via
  `include_bytes!`.

Slugs are treated as opaque per

[`02-contracts.md`](../tree/claude/vortex-benchmarks-ui-v3-QxRCK/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md):
the chart handler echoes whatever `/api/groups` returned straight into
`ChartKey::from_slug` without parsing or constructing them itself.

`api::collect_groups` and `api::collect_chart` are now `pub(crate)` so
the HTML handlers reuse the same row collectors that back the JSON
read routes — no second SQL implementation.

The chart-init script and the embedded JSON payload between them
satisfy the "no network round-trip after page load" criterion. Inside
the JSON `<script>` block, `</`, `<!--`, and `<script` are escaped via
JSON-safe string escapes so that benign payload contents can never
break out of the script element.

## Tests

`tests/web_ui.rs` (new, 6 tests):

- `landing_page_snapshot` — `insta` snapshot of `GET /` after seeding
  three envelopes with distinct `commit.sha` / `commit.timestamp`
  values.
- `chart_page_snapshot` — `insta` snapshot of the rendered tpch-Q1
  chart page; exercises multi-series rendering
  (`datafusion:vortex-file-compressed` + `duckdb:parquet`) and verifies
  both the inline `<script id="chart-data">` block and the
  `/static/chart.umd.js` reference.
- `chart_page_round_trips_every_slug` — every slug returned by
  `/api/groups` resolves to a 200 chart page with inline data.
- `unknown_slug_renders_404` — bogus slug → 404 HTML page.
- `empty_landing_page_renders` — empty DB → "No data ingested yet."
- `static_assets_are_served` — content-type checks for the three
  `/static/*` files.

Pre-existing `tests/ingest.rs` still passes (10 tests).

## Stack inheritance

Inherits the version pins set by #7637 in
`benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml`. The only Cargo change is
`insta = { workspace = true }` under `[dev-dependencies]`.

## Verified locally

- `cargo build -p vortex-bench-server`
- `cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` — 10 ingest + 6 web-ui tests
  pass.
- `cargo +nightly fmt -p vortex-bench-server -- --check` — clean.
- `cargo clippy -p vortex-bench-server --all-targets` — clean.
- End-to-end smoke test against a running server:
`INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN=test`
  + `cargo run`, POST two envelopes with different commit shas,
  verified `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, the three `/static/*` routes, and the
  invalid-slug 404 path with `curl`.

## Test plan

- [ ] Reviewer runs `cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` locally.
- [ ] Reviewer starts the server (`INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN=test cargo run -p
vortex-bench-server`), POSTs
`benchmarks-website/server/fixtures/envelope.json`,
      and visits `http://127.0.0.1:3000/` in a real browser to
      confirm the chart hydrates (this PR was developed in a
      headless sandbox so visual verification was not possible
      here).
- [ ] CI green.

## Out of scope (deferred per `web-ui.md` + `deferred.md`)

Per-commit page, filter UI, full-screen modal, deep links, LTTB
downsampling, lookup-table-driven engine names / colours,
chartjs-plugin-zoom, ratio rendering on compression-size charts, and
geomean summary cards are explicitly deferred and not touched here.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---
_Generated by [Claude
Code](https://claude.ai/code/session_01UjgnLq5MCmcpyv6PXC5oLv)_

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                                    |   1 +
 _typos.toml                                   |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml          |   1 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |   8 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 249 +++++++++++-
 .../server/static/CHART_JS_LICENSE.md         |   9 +
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               |  96 +++++
 benchmarks-website/server/static/chart.umd.js |  14 +
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    | 154 ++++++++
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   5 +
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   5 +
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 362 ++++++++++++++++++
 12 files changed, 885 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/CHART_JS_LICENSE.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/chart.umd.js
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 7c0ecea507e..304c91a26b0 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -10564,6 +10564,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "axum",
  "base64",
  "duckdb",
+ "insta",
  "maud",
  "reqwest 0.13.2",
  "serde",
diff --git a/_typos.toml b/_typos.toml
index 62c3b0d6358..2b9bc571e76 100644
--- a/_typos.toml
+++ b/_typos.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ extend-ignore-re = [
 ]
 
 [files]
-extend-exclude = ["/vortex-bench/**", "/docs/references.bib", "benchmarks/**", "vortex-sqllogictest/slt/**", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/tests.rs", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/flat_contains.rs"]
+extend-exclude = ["/vortex-bench/**", "/docs/references.bib", "benchmarks/**", "vortex-sqllogictest/slt/**", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/tests.rs", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/flat_contains.rs", "benchmarks-website/server/static/**"]
 
 [type.py]
 extend-ignore-identifiers-re = [
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
index 314b6bfc0db..5b501adf0cc 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["env-filter", "fmt"] }
 twox-hash = "2.1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
+insta = { workspace = true }
 reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["json"] }
 tempfile = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "net"] }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index 7d3f5a17382..e6581c7c4f0 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -131,7 +131,9 @@ fn collect_health(conn: &Connection, db_path: String) -> Result<HealthResponse>
     })
 }
 
-fn collect_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
+/// Collect every group + chart link derivable from the data. Used by both
+/// `GET /api/groups` and the HTML landing page.
+pub(crate) fn collect_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     let mut groups: Vec<Group> = Vec::new();
 
     let qm_groups = collect_query_groups(conn).context("collect_query_groups")?;
@@ -391,7 +393,9 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     Ok(groups)
 }
 
-fn collect_chart(conn: &Connection, key: &ChartKey) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+/// Collect the data for one chart by key. Used by both `GET /api/chart/:slug`
+/// and the HTML chart page.
+pub(crate) fn collect_chart(conn: &Connection, key: &ChartKey) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
     match key {
         ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
             dataset,
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index 6411b552eee..e548a858f80 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -1,47 +1,260 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
-//! HTML routes.
+//! HTML routes for the bench.vortex.dev v3 alpha web UI.
 //!
-//! The web-ui component owns the actual landing-page and chart-page templates.
-//! At alpha this module exposes a single placeholder route so the server can
-//! be exercised end-to-end before web-ui lands; the web-ui PR replaces
-//! [`router`] with the real Maud templates.
+//! Two pages:
+//! - `GET /` — landing page listing every group + chart derived from the
+//!   current data.
+//! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single Chart.js line chart, payload fetched
+//!   server-side and embedded inline as a JSON `<script>` block so there is
+//!   no client-side round-trip after page load.
+//!
+//! Slugs are opaque strings the server received from `/api/groups`; the
+//! handler echoes them straight into [`crate::slug::ChartKey::from_slug`]
+//! without parsing.
+//!
+//! Static assets (Chart.js + CSS + the small hydration script) are served
+//! from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the binary is fully
+//! self-contained.
 
 use axum::Router;
+use axum::extract::Path;
+use axum::extract::State;
+use axum::http::StatusCode;
+use axum::http::header;
+use axum::response::IntoResponse;
+use axum::response::Response;
 use axum::routing::get;
 use maud::DOCTYPE;
 use maud::Markup;
+use maud::PreEscaped;
 use maud::html;
 
+use crate::api;
+use crate::api::ChartResponse;
+use crate::api::Group;
 use crate::app::AppState;
+use crate::db;
+use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 
-/// HTML routes mounted under `/`. Replaced by the web-ui component.
+const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
+const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
+const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
+
+/// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
-    Router::new().route("/", get(placeholder))
+    Router::new()
+        .route("/", get(landing))
+        .route("/chart/{slug}", get(chart_page))
+        .route("/static/chart.umd.js", get(serve_chart_js))
+        .route("/static/chart-init.js", get(serve_chart_init_js))
+        .route("/static/style.css", get(serve_style_css))
+}
+
+async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
+    let groups = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| api::collect_groups(conn)).await {
+        Ok(g) => g,
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "landing: collect_groups failed");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+    render_page(
+        "bench.vortex.dev",
+        "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)",
+        landing_body(&groups),
+        PageScripts::None,
+    )
+    .into_response()
+}
+
+async fn chart_page(State(state): State<AppState>, Path(slug): Path<String>) -> Response {
+    let key = match ChartKey::from_slug(&slug) {
+        Ok(key) => key,
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::warn!(error = ?err, slug, "chart_page: invalid slug");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "chart not found").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+
+    let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| api::collect_chart(conn, &key)).await;
+    let chart = match result {
+        Ok(Some(c)) => c,
+        Ok(None) => return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "chart not found").into_response(),
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "chart_page: collect_chart failed");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+
+    let payload_json = match serde_json::to_string(&chart) {
+        Ok(s) => s,
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "chart_page: serialize failed");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+
+    let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", chart.display_name);
+    render_page(
+        &title,
+        &chart.display_name,
+        chart_body(&chart, &payload_json),
+        PageScripts::Chart,
+    )
+    .into_response()
+}
+
+/// Which scripts the page wants pulled in.
+enum PageScripts {
+    None,
+    Chart,
+}
+
+fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        (DOCTYPE)
+        html lang="en" {
+            head {
+                meta charset="utf-8";
+                meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1";
+                title { (title) }
+                link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css";
+            }
+            body {
+                header.page-header {
+                    h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
+                    p.subtitle { (header_subtitle) }
+                }
+                main { (body) }
+                @match scripts {
+                    PageScripts::None => {},
+                    PageScripts::Chart => {
+                        script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer {}
+                        script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
+                    },
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn landing_body(groups: &[Group]) -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        @if groups.is_empty() {
+            p.empty { "No data ingested yet." }
+        } @else {
+            @for group in groups {
+                section.group {
+                    h2 { (group.name) }
+                    ul.charts {
+                        @for chart in &group.charts {
+                            li {
+                                a href={ "/chart/" (chart.slug) } { (chart.name) }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 
-async fn placeholder() -> Markup {
+fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
+    let series_count = chart.series.len();
+    let commit_count = chart.commits.len();
     html! {
+        p.chart-meta {
+            "unit: " code { (chart.unit) }
+            " · "
+            (series_count) " series · "
+            (commit_count) " commit" @if commit_count != 1 { "s" }
+        }
+        div.chart-wrap {
+            canvas id="chart" {}
+        }
+        // Embedded JSON; rendered as text content so JSON `<` / `>` are HTML-escaped.
+        script id="chart-data" type="application/json" { (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json))) }
+        noscript {
+            p.no-script { "JavaScript is required to render the chart." }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Make a JSON string safe to embed inside a `<script>` element.
+///
+/// HTML parsers terminate `<script>` early on a literal `</`. Replacing the
+/// `/` with its escaped form keeps the JSON valid while neutering the
+/// terminator. `<!--` is similarly neutralised.
+fn escape_json_for_script(s: &str) -> String {
+    s.replace("</", r"<\/")
+        .replace("<!--", r"<\!--")
+        .replace("<script", r"<\script")
+}
+
+fn error_page(status: StatusCode, message: &str) -> Response {
+    let body = html! {
         (DOCTYPE)
         html lang="en" {
             head {
                 meta charset="utf-8";
-                title { "bench.vortex.dev (v3 alpha)" }
+                title { (status.as_u16()) " — bench.vortex.dev" }
+                link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css";
             }
             body {
-                h1 { "bench.vortex.dev (v3 alpha)" }
-                p {
-                    "Server is up. The landing page and chart page land with "
-                    "the web-ui PR."
+                header.page-header {
+                    h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
+                    p.subtitle { (status.as_u16()) " " (status.canonical_reason().unwrap_or("")) }
                 }
-                ul {
-                    li { code { "GET /api/groups" } }
-                    li { code { "GET /api/chart/{slug}" } }
-                    li { code { "GET /health" } }
-                    li { code { "POST /api/ingest" } " (bearer auth)" }
+                main {
+                    p.empty { (message) }
                 }
             }
         }
+    };
+    (status, body).into_response()
+}
+
+async fn serve_chart_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(CHART_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+async fn serve_chart_init_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(CHART_INIT_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+async fn serve_style_css() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(STYLE_CSS, "text/css; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+fn static_response(bytes: &'static [u8], content_type: &'static str) -> Response {
+    (
+        [
+            (header::CONTENT_TYPE, content_type),
+            (header::CACHE_CONTROL, "public, max-age=3600"),
+        ],
+        bytes,
+    )
+        .into_response()
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn escape_json_neutralises_script_terminators() {
+        let input = r#"{"x":"</script><script>alert(1)</script>"}"#;
+        let out = escape_json_for_script(input);
+        assert!(!out.contains("</script"));
+        assert!(!out.contains("<script"));
+        assert!(out.contains(r"<\/script"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn escape_json_passes_through_safe_strings() {
+        let s = r#"{"a":1,"b":"hello"}"#;
+        assert_eq!(escape_json_for_script(s), s);
     }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHART_JS_LICENSE.md b/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHART_JS_LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f216610fd7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHART_JS_LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2024 Chart.js Contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5447b54aee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+// Hydrate the Chart.js line chart on /chart/:slug.
+//
+// The server embeds the chart payload as a JSON <script id="chart-data">
+// block matching the /api/chart/:slug shape:
+//   { display_name, unit, commits: [{sha,timestamp,message,url}], series: { name: [Number|null] } }
+(function () {
+  "use strict";
+
+  var palette = [
+    "#2563eb", "#dc2626", "#16a34a", "#ea580c", "#7c3aed",
+    "#0891b2", "#ca8a04", "#db2777", "#65a30d", "#475569",
+  ];
+
+  function colorFor(i) {
+    return palette[i % palette.length];
+  }
+
+  function shortSha(sha) {
+    return typeof sha === "string" ? sha.slice(0, 7) : String(sha);
+  }
+
+  function readPayload() {
+    var node = document.getElementById("chart-data");
+    if (!node) {
+      throw new Error("missing #chart-data element");
+    }
+    return JSON.parse(node.textContent);
+  }
+
+  function buildDatasets(series) {
+    var names = Object.keys(series).sort();
+    return names.map(function (name, i) {
+      return {
+        label: name,
+        data: series[name],
+        borderColor: colorFor(i),
+        backgroundColor: colorFor(i),
+        spanGaps: true,
+        tension: 0.1,
+        pointRadius: 3,
+        pointHoverRadius: 5,
+      };
+    });
+  }
+
+  function init() {
+    var canvas = document.getElementById("chart");
+    if (!canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") {
+      return;
+    }
+    var payload = readPayload();
+    var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) {
+      return shortSha(c.sha);
+    });
+    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload.series || {});
+    new Chart(canvas, {
+      type: "line",
+      data: { labels: labels, datasets: datasets },
+      options: {
+        responsive: true,
+        maintainAspectRatio: false,
+        interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false },
+        scales: {
+          y: {
+            beginAtZero: true,
+            title: { display: true, text: payload.unit || "" },
+          },
+          x: { title: { display: true, text: "commit" } },
+        },
+        plugins: {
+          legend: { position: "bottom" },
+          tooltip: {
+            callbacks: {
+              title: function (items) {
+                if (!items.length) return "";
+                var idx = items[0].dataIndex;
+                var c = (payload.commits || [])[idx] || {};
+                var msg = c.message ? " — " + c.message : "";
+                return shortSha(c.sha) + msg;
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (document.readyState === "loading") {
+    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", init);
+  } else {
+    init();
+  }
+})();
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart.umd.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart.umd.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e43e996a64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart.umd.js
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*!
+ * Chart.js v4.4.4
+ * https://www.chartjs.org
+ * (c) 2024 Chart.js Contributors
+ * Released under the MIT License
+ */
+!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).Chart=e()}(this,(function(){"use strict";var t=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,get Colors(){return Go},get Decimation(){return Qo},get Filler(){return ma},get Legend(){return ya},get SubTitle(){return ka},get Title(){return Ma},get Tooltip(){return Ba}});function e(){}const i=(()=>{let t=0;return()=>t++})();function s(t){return null==t}function n(t){if(Array.isArray&&Array.isArray(t))return!0;const e=Object.prototype.toString.call(t);return"[object"===e.slice(0,7)&&"Array]"===e.slice(-6)}function o(t){return null!==t&&"[object Object]"===Object.prototype.toString.call(t)}function a(t){return("number"==typeof t||t instanceof Number)&&isFinite(+t)}function r(t,e){return a(t)?t:e}function l(t,e){return void 0===t?e:t}const h=(t,e)=>"string"==typeof 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+/*!
+ * @kurkle/color v0.3.2
+ * https://github.com/kurkle/color#readme
+ * (c) 2023 Jukka Kurkela
+ * Released under the MIT License
+ */function _t(t){return t+.5|0}const yt=(t,e,i)=>Math.max(Math.min(t,i),e);function vt(t){return yt(_t(2.55*t),0,255)}function Mt(t){return yt(_t(255*t),0,255)}function wt(t){return yt(_t(t/2.55)/100,0,1)}function kt(t){return yt(_t(100*t),0,100)}const St={0:0,1:1,2:2,3:3,4:4,5:5,6:6,7:7,8:8,9:9,A:10,B:11,C:12,D:13,E:14,F:15,a:10,b:11,c:12,d:13,e:14,f:15},Pt=[..."0123456789ABCDEF"],Dt=t=>Pt[15&t],Ct=t=>Pt[(240&t)>>4]+Pt[15&t],Ot=t=>(240&t)>>4==(15&t);function At(t){var e=(t=>Ot(t.r)&&Ot(t.g)&&Ot(t.b)&&Ot(t.a))(t)?Dt:Ct;return t?"#"+e(t.r)+e(t.g)+e(t.b)+((t,e)=>t<255?e(t):"")(t.a,e):void 0}const Tt=/^(hsla?|hwb|hsv)\(\s*([-+.e\d]+)(?:deg)?[\s,]+([-+.e\d]+)%[\s,]+([-+.e\d]+)%(?:[\s,]+([-+.e\d]+)(%)?)?\s*\)$/;function Lt(t,e,i){const s=e*Math.min(i,1-i),n=(e,n=(e+t/30)%12)=>i-s*Math.max(Math.min(n-3,9-n,1),-1);return[n(0),n(8),n(4)]}function Et(t,e,i){const s=(s,n=(s+t/60)%6)=>i-i*e*Math.max(Math.min(n,4-n,1),0);return[s(5),s(3),s(1)]}function Rt(t,e,i){const s=Lt(t,1,.5);let 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i=t.style,s=t.getAttribute("height"),n=t.getAttribute("width");if(t[hs]={initial:{height:s,width:n,style:{display:i.display,height:i.height,width:i.width}}},i.display=i.display||"block",i.boxSizing=i.boxSizing||"border-box",ds(n)){const e=Pe(t,"width");void 0!==e&&(t.width=e)}if(ds(s))if(""===t.style.height)t.height=t.width/(e||2);else{const e=Pe(t,"height");void 0!==e&&(t.height=e)}}(t,e),i):null}releaseContext(t){const e=t.canvas;if(!e[hs])return!1;const i=e[hs].initial;["height","width"].forEach((t=>{const n=i[t];s(n)?e.removeAttribute(t):e.setAttribute(t,n)}));const n=i.style||{};return Object.keys(n).forEach((t=>{e.style[t]=n[t]})),e.width=e.width,delete e[hs],!0}addEventListener(t,e,i){this.removeEventListener(t,e);const s=t.$proxies||(t.$proxies={}),n={attach:ps,detach:ms,resize:ys}[e]||Ms;s[e]=n(t,e,i)}removeEventListener(t,e){const i=t.$proxies||(t.$proxies={}),s=i[e];if(!s)return;({attach:vs,detach:vs,resize:vs}[e]||fs)(t,e,s),i[e]=void 0}getDevicePixelRatio(){return window.devicePixelRatio}getMaximumSize(t,e,i,s){return we(t,e,i,s)}isAttached(t){const e=t&&ge(t);return!(!e||!e.isConnected)}}function ks(t){return!fe()||"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&t instanceof OffscreenCanvas?ls:ws}var Ss=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,BasePlatform:rs,BasicPlatform:ls,DomPlatform:ws,_detectPlatform:ks});const Ps="transparent",Ds={boolean:(t,e,i)=>i>.5?e:t,color(t,e,i){const s=Qt(t||Ps),n=s.valid&&Qt(e||Ps);return n&&n.valid?n.mix(s,i).hexString():e},number:(t,e,i)=>t+(e-t)*i};class Cs{constructor(t,e,i,s){const n=e[i];s=Pi([t.to,s,n,t.from]);const o=Pi([t.from,n,s]);this._active=!0,this._fn=t.fn||Ds[t.type||typeof o],this._easing=fi[t.easing]||fi.linear,this._start=Math.floor(Date.now()+(t.delay||0)),this._duration=this._total=Math.floor(t.duration),this._loop=!!t.loop,this._target=e,this._prop=i,this._from=o,this._to=s,this._promises=void 0}active(){return this._active}update(t,e,i){if(this._active){this._notify(!1);const s=this._target[this._prop],n=i-this._start,o=this._duration-n;this._start=i,this._duration=Math.floor(Math.max(o,t.duration)),this._total+=n,this._loop=!!t.loop,this._to=Pi([t.to,e,s,t.from]),this._from=Pi([t.from,s,e])}}cancel(){this._active&&(this.tick(Date.now()),this._active=!1,this._notify(!1))}tick(t){const e=t-this._start,i=this._duration,s=this._prop,n=this._from,o=this._loop,a=this._to;let r;if(this._active=n!==a&&(o||e<i),!this._active)return this._target[s]=a,void this._notify(!0);e<0?this._target[s]=n:(r=e/i%2,r=o&&r>1?2-r:r,r=this._easing(Math.min(1,Math.max(0,r))),this._target[s]=this._fn(n,a,r))}wait(){const t=this._promises||(this._promises=[]);return new Promise(((e,i)=>{t.push({res:e,rej:i})}))}_notify(t){const e=t?"res":"rej",i=this._promises||[];for(let t=0;t<i.length;t++)i[t][e]()}}class Os{constructor(t,e){this._chart=t,this._properties=new Map,this.configure(e)}configure(t){if(!o(t))return;const e=Object.keys(ue.animation),i=this._properties;Object.getOwnPropertyNames(t).forEach((s=>{const a=t[s];if(!o(a))return;const r={};for(const t of e)r[t]=a[t];(n(a.properties)&&a.properties||[s]).forEach((t=>{t!==s&&i.has(t)||i.set(t,r)}))}))}_animateOptions(t,e){const i=e.options,s=function(t,e){if(!e)return;let i=t.options;if(!i)return void(t.options=e);i.$shared&&(t.options=i=Object.assign({},i,{$shared:!1,$animations:{}}));return i}(t,i);if(!s)return[];const n=this._createAnimations(s,i);return i.$shared&&function(t,e){const i=[],s=Object.keys(e);for(let e=0;e<s.length;e++){const n=t[s[e]];n&&n.active()&&i.push(n.wait())}return Promise.all(i)}(t.options.$animations,i).then((()=>{t.options=i}),(()=>{})),n}_createAnimations(t,e){const i=this._properties,s=[],n=t.$animations||(t.$animations={}),o=Object.keys(e),a=Date.now();let r;for(r=o.length-1;r>=0;--r){const l=o[r];if("$"===l.charAt(0))continue;if("options"===l){s.push(...this._animateOptions(t,e));continue}const h=e[l];let c=n[l];const d=i.get(l);if(c){if(d&&c.active()){c.update(d,h,a);continue}c.cancel()}d&&d.duration?(n[l]=c=new Cs(d,t,l,h),s.push(c)):t[l]=h}return s}update(t,e){if(0===this._properties.size)return void Object.assign(t,e);const i=this._createAnimations(t,e);return i.length?(bt.add(this._chart,i),!0):void 0}}function As(t,e){const i=t&&t.options||{},s=i.reverse,n=void 0===i.min?e:0,o=void 0===i.max?e:0;return{start:s?o:n,end:s?n:o}}function Ts(t,e){const i=[],s=t._getSortedDatasetMetas(e);let n,o;for(n=0,o=s.length;n<o;++n)i.push(s[n].index);return i}function Ls(t,e,i,s={}){const n=t.keys,o="single"===s.mode;let r,l,h,c;if(null!==e){for(r=0,l=n.length;r<l;++r){if(h=+n[r],h===i){if(s.all)continue;break}c=t.values[h],a(c)&&(o||0===e||F(e)===F(c))&&(e+=c)}return e}}function Es(t,e){const i=t&&t.options.stacked;return i||void 0===i&&void 0!==e.stack}function Rs(t,e,i){const s=t[e]||(t[e]={});return s[i]||(s[i]={})}function Is(t,e,i,s){for(const n of e.getMatchingVisibleMetas(s).reverse()){const e=t[n.index];if(i&&e>0||!i&&e<0)return n.index}return null}function zs(t,e){const{chart:i,_cachedMeta:s}=t,n=i._stacks||(i._stacks={}),{iScale:o,vScale:a,index:r}=s,l=o.axis,h=a.axis,c=function(t,e,i){return`${t.id}.${e.id}.${i.stack||i.type}`}(o,a,s),d=e.length;let u;for(let t=0;t<d;++t){const i=e[t],{[l]:o,[h]:d}=i;u=(i._stacks||(i._stacks={}))[h]=Rs(n,c,o),u[r]=d,u._top=Is(u,a,!0,s.type),u._bottom=Is(u,a,!1,s.type);(u._visualValues||(u._visualValues={}))[r]=d}}function Fs(t,e){const i=t.scales;return Object.keys(i).filter((t=>i[t].axis===e)).shift()}function Vs(t,e){const i=t.controller.index,s=t.vScale&&t.vScale.axis;if(s){e=e||t._parsed;for(const t of e){const e=t._stacks;if(!e||void 0===e[s]||void 0===e[s][i])return;delete e[s][i],void 0!==e[s]._visualValues&&void 0!==e[s]._visualValues[i]&&delete e[s]._visualValues[i]}}}const Bs=t=>"reset"===t||"none"===t,Ws=(t,e)=>e?t:Object.assign({},t);class Ns{static defaults={};static datasetElementType=null;static dataElementType=null;constructor(t,e){this.chart=t,this._ctx=t.ctx,this.index=e,this._cachedDataOpts={},this._cachedMeta=this.getMeta(),this._type=this._cachedMeta.type,this.options=void 0,this._parsing=!1,this._data=void 0,this._objectData=void 0,this._sharedOptions=void 0,this._drawStart=void 0,this._drawCount=void 0,this.enableOptionSharing=!1,this.supportsDecimation=!1,this.$context=void 0,this._syncList=[],this.datasetElementType=new.target.datasetElementType,this.dataElementType=new.target.dataElementType,this.initialize()}initialize(){const t=this._cachedMeta;this.configure(),this.linkScales(),t._stacked=Es(t.vScale,t),this.addElements(),this.options.fill&&!this.chart.isPluginEnabled("filler")&&console.warn("Tried to use the 'fill' option without the 'Filler' plugin enabled. Please import and register the 'Filler' plugin and make sure it is not disabled in the options")}updateIndex(t){this.index!==t&&Vs(this._cachedMeta),this.index=t}linkScales(){const t=this.chart,e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.getDataset(),s=(t,e,i,s)=>"x"===t?e:"r"===t?s:i,n=e.xAxisID=l(i.xAxisID,Fs(t,"x")),o=e.yAxisID=l(i.yAxisID,Fs(t,"y")),a=e.rAxisID=l(i.rAxisID,Fs(t,"r")),r=e.indexAxis,h=e.iAxisID=s(r,n,o,a),c=e.vAxisID=s(r,o,n,a);e.xScale=this.getScaleForId(n),e.yScale=this.getScaleForId(o),e.rScale=this.getScaleForId(a),e.iScale=this.getScaleForId(h),e.vScale=this.getScaleForId(c)}getDataset(){return this.chart.data.datasets[this.index]}getMeta(){return this.chart.getDatasetMeta(this.index)}getScaleForId(t){return this.chart.scales[t]}_getOtherScale(t){const e=this._cachedMeta;return t===e.iScale?e.vScale:e.iScale}reset(){this._update("reset")}_destroy(){const t=this._cachedMeta;this._data&&rt(this._data,this),t._stacked&&Vs(t)}_dataCheck(){const t=this.getDataset(),e=t.data||(t.data=[]),i=this._data;if(o(e)){const t=this._cachedMeta;this._data=function(t,e){const{iScale:i,vScale:s}=e,n="x"===i.axis?"x":"y",o="x"===s.axis?"x":"y",a=Object.keys(t),r=new Array(a.length);let l,h,c;for(l=0,h=a.length;l<h;++l)c=a[l],r[l]={[n]:c,[o]:t[c]};return r}(e,t)}else if(i!==e){if(i){rt(i,this);const t=this._cachedMeta;Vs(t),t._parsed=[]}e&&Object.isExtensible(e)&&at(e,this),this._syncList=[],this._data=e}}addElements(){const t=this._cachedMeta;this._dataCheck(),this.datasetElementType&&(t.dataset=new this.datasetElementType)}buildOrUpdateElements(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.getDataset();let s=!1;this._dataCheck();const n=e._stacked;e._stacked=Es(e.vScale,e),e.stack!==i.stack&&(s=!0,Vs(e),e.stack=i.stack),this._resyncElements(t),(s||n!==e._stacked)&&zs(this,e._parsed)}configure(){const t=this.chart.config,e=t.datasetScopeKeys(this._type),i=t.getOptionScopes(this.getDataset(),e,!0);this.options=t.createResolver(i,this.getContext()),this._parsing=this.options.parsing,this._cachedDataOpts={}}parse(t,e){const{_cachedMeta:i,_data:s}=this,{iScale:a,_stacked:r}=i,l=a.axis;let h,c,d,u=0===t&&e===s.length||i._sorted,f=t>0&&i._parsed[t-1];if(!1===this._parsing)i._parsed=s,i._sorted=!0,d=s;else{d=n(s[t])?this.parseArrayData(i,s,t,e):o(s[t])?this.parseObjectData(i,s,t,e):this.parsePrimitiveData(i,s,t,e);const a=()=>null===c[l]||f&&c[l]<f[l];for(h=0;h<e;++h)i._parsed[h+t]=c=d[h],u&&(a()&&(u=!1),f=c);i._sorted=u}r&&zs(this,d)}parsePrimitiveData(t,e,i,s){const{iScale:n,vScale:o}=t,a=n.axis,r=o.axis,l=n.getLabels(),h=n===o,c=new Array(s);let d,u,f;for(d=0,u=s;d<u;++d)f=d+i,c[d]={[a]:h||n.parse(l[f],f),[r]:o.parse(e[f],f)};return c}parseArrayData(t,e,i,s){const{xScale:n,yScale:o}=t,a=new Array(s);let r,l,h,c;for(r=0,l=s;r<l;++r)h=r+i,c=e[h],a[r]={x:n.parse(c[0],h),y:o.parse(c[1],h)};return a}parseObjectData(t,e,i,s){const{xScale:n,yScale:o}=t,{xAxisKey:a="x",yAxisKey:r="y"}=this._parsing,l=new Array(s);let h,c,d,u;for(h=0,c=s;h<c;++h)d=h+i,u=e[d],l[h]={x:n.parse(M(u,a),d),y:o.parse(M(u,r),d)};return l}getParsed(t){return this._cachedMeta._parsed[t]}getDataElement(t){return this._cachedMeta.data[t]}applyStack(t,e,i){const s=this.chart,n=this._cachedMeta,o=e[t.axis];return Ls({keys:Ts(s,!0),values:e._stacks[t.axis]._visualValues},o,n.index,{mode:i})}updateRangeFromParsed(t,e,i,s){const n=i[e.axis];let o=null===n?NaN:n;const a=s&&i._stacks[e.axis];s&&a&&(s.values=a,o=Ls(s,n,this._cachedMeta.index)),t.min=Math.min(t.min,o),t.max=Math.max(t.max,o)}getMinMax(t,e){const i=this._cachedMeta,s=i._parsed,n=i._sorted&&t===i.iScale,o=s.length,r=this._getOtherScale(t),l=((t,e,i)=>t&&!e.hidden&&e._stacked&&{keys:Ts(i,!0),values:null})(e,i,this.chart),h={min:Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,max:Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY},{min:c,max:d}=function(t){const{min:e,max:i,minDefined:s,maxDefined:n}=t.getUserBounds();return{min:s?e:Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,max:n?i:Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY}}(r);let u,f;function g(){f=s[u];const e=f[r.axis];return!a(f[t.axis])||c>e||d<e}for(u=0;u<o&&(g()||(this.updateRangeFromParsed(h,t,f,l),!n));++u);if(n)for(u=o-1;u>=0;--u)if(!g()){this.updateRangeFromParsed(h,t,f,l);break}return h}getAllParsedValues(t){const e=this._cachedMeta._parsed,i=[];let s,n,o;for(s=0,n=e.length;s<n;++s)o=e[s][t.axis],a(o)&&i.push(o);return i}getMaxOverflow(){return!1}getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=e.iScale,s=e.vScale,n=this.getParsed(t);return{label:i?""+i.getLabelForValue(n[i.axis]):"",value:s?""+s.getLabelForValue(n[s.axis]):""}}_update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta;this.update(t||"default"),e._clip=function(t){let e,i,s,n;return o(t)?(e=t.top,i=t.right,s=t.bottom,n=t.left):e=i=s=n=t,{top:e,right:i,bottom:s,left:n,disabled:!1===t}}(l(this.options.clip,function(t,e,i){if(!1===i)return!1;const s=As(t,i),n=As(e,i);return{top:n.end,right:s.end,bottom:n.start,left:s.start}}(e.xScale,e.yScale,this.getMaxOverflow())))}update(t){}draw(){const t=this._ctx,e=this.chart,i=this._cachedMeta,s=i.data||[],n=e.chartArea,o=[],a=this._drawStart||0,r=this._drawCount||s.length-a,l=this.options.drawActiveElementsOnTop;let h;for(i.dataset&&i.dataset.draw(t,n,a,r),h=a;h<a+r;++h){const e=s[h];e.hidden||(e.active&&l?o.push(e):e.draw(t,n))}for(h=0;h<o.length;++h)o[h].draw(t,n)}getStyle(t,e){const i=e?"active":"default";return void 0===t&&this._cachedMeta.dataset?this.resolveDatasetElementOptions(i):this.resolveDataElementOptions(t||0,i)}getContext(t,e,i){const s=this.getDataset();let n;if(t>=0&&t<this._cachedMeta.data.length){const e=this._cachedMeta.data[t];n=e.$context||(e.$context=function(t,e,i){return Ci(t,{active:!1,dataIndex:e,parsed:void 0,raw:void 0,element:i,index:e,mode:"default",type:"data"})}(this.getContext(),t,e)),n.parsed=this.getParsed(t),n.raw=s.data[t],n.index=n.dataIndex=t}else n=this.$context||(this.$context=function(t,e){return Ci(t,{active:!1,dataset:void 0,datasetIndex:e,index:e,mode:"default",type:"dataset"})}(this.chart.getContext(),this.index)),n.dataset=s,n.index=n.datasetIndex=this.index;return n.active=!!e,n.mode=i,n}resolveDatasetElementOptions(t){return this._resolveElementOptions(this.datasetElementType.id,t)}resolveDataElementOptions(t,e){return this._resolveElementOptions(this.dataElementType.id,e,t)}_resolveElementOptions(t,e="default",i){const s="active"===e,n=this._cachedDataOpts,o=t+"-"+e,a=n[o],r=this.enableOptionSharing&&k(i);if(a)return Ws(a,r);const l=this.chart.config,h=l.datasetElementScopeKeys(this._type,t),c=s?[`${t}Hover`,"hover",t,""]:[t,""],d=l.getOptionScopes(this.getDataset(),h),u=Object.keys(ue.elements[t]),f=l.resolveNamedOptions(d,u,(()=>this.getContext(i,s,e)),c);return f.$shared&&(f.$shared=r,n[o]=Object.freeze(Ws(f,r))),f}_resolveAnimations(t,e,i){const s=this.chart,n=this._cachedDataOpts,o=`animation-${e}`,a=n[o];if(a)return a;let r;if(!1!==s.options.animation){const s=this.chart.config,n=s.datasetAnimationScopeKeys(this._type,e),o=s.getOptionScopes(this.getDataset(),n);r=s.createResolver(o,this.getContext(t,i,e))}const l=new Os(s,r&&r.animations);return r&&r._cacheable&&(n[o]=Object.freeze(l)),l}getSharedOptions(t){if(t.$shared)return this._sharedOptions||(this._sharedOptions=Object.assign({},t))}includeOptions(t,e){return!e||Bs(t)||this.chart._animationsDisabled}_getSharedOptions(t,e){const i=this.resolveDataElementOptions(t,e),s=this._sharedOptions,n=this.getSharedOptions(i),o=this.includeOptions(e,n)||n!==s;return this.updateSharedOptions(n,e,i),{sharedOptions:n,includeOptions:o}}updateElement(t,e,i,s){Bs(s)?Object.assign(t,i):this._resolveAnimations(e,s).update(t,i)}updateSharedOptions(t,e,i){t&&!Bs(e)&&this._resolveAnimations(void 0,e).update(t,i)}_setStyle(t,e,i,s){t.active=s;const n=this.getStyle(e,s);this._resolveAnimations(e,i,s).update(t,{options:!s&&this.getSharedOptions(n)||n})}removeHoverStyle(t,e,i){this._setStyle(t,i,"active",!1)}setHoverStyle(t,e,i){this._setStyle(t,i,"active",!0)}_removeDatasetHoverStyle(){const t=this._cachedMeta.dataset;t&&this._setStyle(t,void 0,"active",!1)}_setDatasetHoverStyle(){const t=this._cachedMeta.dataset;t&&this._setStyle(t,void 0,"active",!0)}_resyncElements(t){const e=this._data,i=this._cachedMeta.data;for(const[t,e,i]of this._syncList)this[t](e,i);this._syncList=[];const s=i.length,n=e.length,o=Math.min(n,s);o&&this.parse(0,o),n>s?this._insertElements(s,n-s,t):n<s&&this._removeElements(n,s-n)}_insertElements(t,e,i=!0){const s=this._cachedMeta,n=s.data,o=t+e;let a;const r=t=>{for(t.length+=e,a=t.length-1;a>=o;a--)t[a]=t[a-e]};for(r(n),a=t;a<o;++a)n[a]=new this.dataElementType;this._parsing&&r(s._parsed),this.parse(t,e),i&&this.updateElements(n,t,e,"reset")}updateElements(t,e,i,s){}_removeElements(t,e){const i=this._cachedMeta;if(this._parsing){const s=i._parsed.splice(t,e);i._stacked&&Vs(i,s)}i.data.splice(t,e)}_sync(t){if(this._parsing)this._syncList.push(t);else{const[e,i,s]=t;this[e](i,s)}this.chart._dataChanges.push([this.index,...t])}_onDataPush(){const t=arguments.length;this._sync(["_insertElements",this.getDataset().data.length-t,t])}_onDataPop(){this._sync(["_removeElements",this._cachedMeta.data.length-1,1])}_onDataShift(){this._sync(["_removeElements",0,1])}_onDataSplice(t,e){e&&this._sync(["_removeElements",t,e]);const i=arguments.length-2;i&&this._sync(["_insertElements",t,i])}_onDataUnshift(){this._sync(["_insertElements",0,arguments.length])}}class Hs{static defaults={};static defaultRoutes=void 0;x;y;active=!1;options;$animations;tooltipPosition(t){const{x:e,y:i}=this.getProps(["x","y"],t);return{x:e,y:i}}hasValue(){return N(this.x)&&N(this.y)}getProps(t,e){const i=this.$animations;if(!e||!i)return this;const s={};return t.forEach((t=>{s[t]=i[t]&&i[t].active()?i[t]._to:this[t]})),s}}function js(t,e){const i=t.options.ticks,n=function(t){const e=t.options.offset,i=t._tickSize(),s=t._length/i+(e?0:1),n=t._maxLength/i;return Math.floor(Math.min(s,n))}(t),o=Math.min(i.maxTicksLimit||n,n),a=i.major.enabled?function(t){const e=[];let i,s;for(i=0,s=t.length;i<s;i++)t[i].major&&e.push(i);return e}(e):[],r=a.length,l=a[0],h=a[r-1],c=[];if(r>o)return function(t,e,i,s){let n,o=0,a=i[0];for(s=Math.ceil(s),n=0;n<t.length;n++)n===a&&(e.push(t[n]),o++,a=i[o*s])}(e,c,a,r/o),c;const d=function(t,e,i){const s=function(t){const e=t.length;let i,s;if(e<2)return!1;for(s=t[0],i=1;i<e;++i)if(t[i]-t[i-1]!==s)return!1;return s}(t),n=e.length/i;if(!s)return Math.max(n,1);const o=W(s);for(let t=0,e=o.length-1;t<e;t++){const e=o[t];if(e>n)return e}return Math.max(n,1)}(a,e,o);if(r>0){let t,i;const n=r>1?Math.round((h-l)/(r-1)):null;for($s(e,c,d,s(n)?0:l-n,l),t=0,i=r-1;t<i;t++)$s(e,c,d,a[t],a[t+1]);return $s(e,c,d,h,s(n)?e.length:h+n),c}return $s(e,c,d),c}function $s(t,e,i,s,n){const o=l(s,0),a=Math.min(l(n,t.length),t.length);let r,h,c,d=0;for(i=Math.ceil(i),n&&(r=n-s,i=r/Math.floor(r/i)),c=o;c<0;)d++,c=Math.round(o+d*i);for(h=Math.max(o,0);h<a;h++)h===c&&(e.push(t[h]),d++,c=Math.round(o+d*i))}const Ys=(t,e,i)=>"top"===e||"left"===e?t[e]+i:t[e]-i,Us=(t,e)=>Math.min(e||t,t);function Xs(t,e){const i=[],s=t.length/e,n=t.length;let o=0;for(;o<n;o+=s)i.push(t[Math.floor(o)]);return i}function qs(t,e,i){const s=t.ticks.length,n=Math.min(e,s-1),o=t._startPixel,a=t._endPixel,r=1e-6;let l,h=t.getPixelForTick(n);if(!(i&&(l=1===s?Math.max(h-o,a-h):0===e?(t.getPixelForTick(1)-h)/2:(h-t.getPixelForTick(n-1))/2,h+=n<e?l:-l,h<o-r||h>a+r)))return h}function Ks(t){return t.drawTicks?t.tickLength:0}function Gs(t,e){if(!t.display)return 0;const i=Si(t.font,e),s=ki(t.padding);return(n(t.text)?t.text.length:1)*i.lineHeight+s.height}function Zs(t,e,i){let s=ut(t);return(i&&"right"!==e||!i&&"right"===e)&&(s=(t=>"left"===t?"right":"right"===t?"left":t)(s)),s}class Js extends Hs{constructor(t){super(),this.id=t.id,this.type=t.type,this.options=void 0,this.ctx=t.ctx,this.chart=t.chart,this.top=void 0,this.bottom=void 0,this.left=void 0,this.right=void 0,this.width=void 0,this.height=void 0,this._margins={left:0,right:0,top:0,bottom:0},this.maxWidth=void 0,this.maxHeight=void 0,this.paddingTop=void 0,this.paddingBottom=void 0,this.paddingLeft=void 0,this.paddingRight=void 0,this.axis=void 0,this.labelRotation=void 0,this.min=void 0,this.max=void 0,this._range=void 0,this.ticks=[],this._gridLineItems=null,this._labelItems=null,this._labelSizes=null,this._length=0,this._maxLength=0,this._longestTextCache={},this._startPixel=void 0,this._endPixel=void 0,this._reversePixels=!1,this._userMax=void 0,this._userMin=void 0,this._suggestedMax=void 0,this._suggestedMin=void 0,this._ticksLength=0,this._borderValue=0,this._cache={},this._dataLimitsCached=!1,this.$context=void 0}init(t){this.options=t.setContext(this.getContext()),this.axis=t.axis,this._userMin=this.parse(t.min),this._userMax=this.parse(t.max),this._suggestedMin=this.parse(t.suggestedMin),this._suggestedMax=this.parse(t.suggestedMax)}parse(t,e){return t}getUserBounds(){let{_userMin:t,_userMax:e,_suggestedMin:i,_suggestedMax:s}=this;return t=r(t,Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY),e=r(e,Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY),i=r(i,Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY),s=r(s,Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY),{min:r(t,i),max:r(e,s),minDefined:a(t),maxDefined:a(e)}}getMinMax(t){let e,{min:i,max:s,minDefined:n,maxDefined:o}=this.getUserBounds();if(n&&o)return{min:i,max:s};const a=this.getMatchingVisibleMetas();for(let r=0,l=a.length;r<l;++r)e=a[r].controller.getMinMax(this,t),n||(i=Math.min(i,e.min)),o||(s=Math.max(s,e.max));return i=o&&i>s?s:i,s=n&&i>s?i:s,{min:r(i,r(s,i)),max:r(s,r(i,s))}}getPadding(){return{left:this.paddingLeft||0,top:this.paddingTop||0,right:this.paddingRight||0,bottom:this.paddingBottom||0}}getTicks(){return this.ticks}getLabels(){const t=this.chart.data;return this.options.labels||(this.isHorizontal()?t.xLabels:t.yLabels)||t.labels||[]}getLabelItems(t=this.chart.chartArea){return this._labelItems||(this._labelItems=this._computeLabelItems(t))}beforeLayout(){this._cache={},this._dataLimitsCached=!1}beforeUpdate(){d(this.options.beforeUpdate,[this])}update(t,e,i){const{beginAtZero:s,grace:n,ticks:o}=this.options,a=o.sampleSize;this.beforeUpdate(),this.maxWidth=t,this.maxHeight=e,this._margins=i=Object.assign({left:0,right:0,top:0,bottom:0},i),this.ticks=null,this._labelSizes=null,this._gridLineItems=null,this._labelItems=null,this.beforeSetDimensions(),this.setDimensions(),this.afterSetDimensions(),this._maxLength=this.isHorizontal()?this.width+i.left+i.right:this.height+i.top+i.bottom,this._dataLimitsCached||(this.beforeDataLimits(),this.determineDataLimits(),this.afterDataLimits(),this._range=Di(this,n,s),this._dataLimitsCached=!0),this.beforeBuildTicks(),this.ticks=this.buildTicks()||[],this.afterBuildTicks();const r=a<this.ticks.length;this._convertTicksToLabels(r?Xs(this.ticks,a):this.ticks),this.configure(),this.beforeCalculateLabelRotation(),this.calculateLabelRotation(),this.afterCalculateLabelRotation(),o.display&&(o.autoSkip||"auto"===o.source)&&(this.ticks=js(this,this.ticks),this._labelSizes=null,this.afterAutoSkip()),r&&this._convertTicksToLabels(this.ticks),this.beforeFit(),this.fit(),this.afterFit(),this.afterUpdate()}configure(){let t,e,i=this.options.reverse;this.isHorizontal()?(t=this.left,e=this.right):(t=this.top,e=this.bottom,i=!i),this._startPixel=t,this._endPixel=e,this._reversePixels=i,this._length=e-t,this._alignToPixels=this.options.alignToPixels}afterUpdate(){d(this.options.afterUpdate,[this])}beforeSetDimensions(){d(this.options.beforeSetDimensions,[this])}setDimensions(){this.isHorizontal()?(this.width=this.maxWidth,this.left=0,this.right=this.width):(this.height=this.maxHeight,this.top=0,this.bottom=this.height),this.paddingLeft=0,this.paddingTop=0,this.paddingRight=0,this.paddingBottom=0}afterSetDimensions(){d(this.options.afterSetDimensions,[this])}_callHooks(t){this.chart.notifyPlugins(t,this.getContext()),d(this.options[t],[this])}beforeDataLimits(){this._callHooks("beforeDataLimits")}determineDataLimits(){}afterDataLimits(){this._callHooks("afterDataLimits")}beforeBuildTicks(){this._callHooks("beforeBuildTicks")}buildTicks(){return[]}afterBuildTicks(){this._callHooks("afterBuildTicks")}beforeTickToLabelConversion(){d(this.options.beforeTickToLabelConversion,[this])}generateTickLabels(t){const e=this.options.ticks;let i,s,n;for(i=0,s=t.length;i<s;i++)n=t[i],n.label=d(e.callback,[n.value,i,t],this)}afterTickToLabelConversion(){d(this.options.afterTickToLabelConversion,[this])}beforeCalculateLabelRotation(){d(this.options.beforeCalculateLabelRotation,[this])}calculateLabelRotation(){const t=this.options,e=t.ticks,i=Us(this.ticks.length,t.ticks.maxTicksLimit),s=e.minRotation||0,n=e.maxRotation;let o,a,r,l=s;if(!this._isVisible()||!e.display||s>=n||i<=1||!this.isHorizontal())return void(this.labelRotation=s);const h=this._getLabelSizes(),c=h.widest.width,d=h.highest.height,u=J(this.chart.width-c,0,this.maxWidth);o=t.offset?this.maxWidth/i:u/(i-1),c+6>o&&(o=u/(i-(t.offset?.5:1)),a=this.maxHeight-Ks(t.grid)-e.padding-Gs(t.title,this.chart.options.font),r=Math.sqrt(c*c+d*d),l=Y(Math.min(Math.asin(J((h.highest.height+6)/o,-1,1)),Math.asin(J(a/r,-1,1))-Math.asin(J(d/r,-1,1)))),l=Math.max(s,Math.min(n,l))),this.labelRotation=l}afterCalculateLabelRotation(){d(this.options.afterCalculateLabelRotation,[this])}afterAutoSkip(){}beforeFit(){d(this.options.beforeFit,[this])}fit(){const t={width:0,height:0},{chart:e,options:{ticks:i,title:s,grid:n}}=this,o=this._isVisible(),a=this.isHorizontal();if(o){const o=Gs(s,e.options.font);if(a?(t.width=this.maxWidth,t.height=Ks(n)+o):(t.height=this.maxHeight,t.width=Ks(n)+o),i.display&&this.ticks.length){const{first:e,last:s,widest:n,highest:o}=this._getLabelSizes(),r=2*i.padding,l=$(this.labelRotation),h=Math.cos(l),c=Math.sin(l);if(a){const e=i.mirror?0:c*n.width+h*o.height;t.height=Math.min(this.maxHeight,t.height+e+r)}else{const e=i.mirror?0:h*n.width+c*o.height;t.width=Math.min(this.maxWidth,t.width+e+r)}this._calculatePadding(e,s,c,h)}}this._handleMargins(),a?(this.width=this._length=e.width-this._margins.left-this._margins.right,this.height=t.height):(this.width=t.width,this.height=this._length=e.height-this._margins.top-this._margins.bottom)}_calculatePadding(t,e,i,s){const{ticks:{align:n,padding:o},position:a}=this.options,r=0!==this.labelRotation,l="top"!==a&&"x"===this.axis;if(this.isHorizontal()){const a=this.getPixelForTick(0)-this.left,h=this.right-this.getPixelForTick(this.ticks.length-1);let c=0,d=0;r?l?(c=s*t.width,d=i*e.height):(c=i*t.height,d=s*e.width):"start"===n?d=e.width:"end"===n?c=t.width:"inner"!==n&&(c=t.width/2,d=e.width/2),this.paddingLeft=Math.max((c-a+o)*this.width/(this.width-a),0),this.paddingRight=Math.max((d-h+o)*this.width/(this.width-h),0)}else{let i=e.height/2,s=t.height/2;"start"===n?(i=0,s=t.height):"end"===n&&(i=e.height,s=0),this.paddingTop=i+o,this.paddingBottom=s+o}}_handleMargins(){this._margins&&(this._margins.left=Math.max(this.paddingLeft,this._margins.left),this._margins.top=Math.max(this.paddingTop,this._margins.top),this._margins.right=Math.max(this.paddingRight,this._margins.right),this._margins.bottom=Math.max(this.paddingBottom,this._margins.bottom))}afterFit(){d(this.options.afterFit,[this])}isHorizontal(){const{axis:t,position:e}=this.options;return"top"===e||"bottom"===e||"x"===t}isFullSize(){return this.options.fullSize}_convertTicksToLabels(t){let e,i;for(this.beforeTickToLabelConversion(),this.generateTickLabels(t),e=0,i=t.length;e<i;e++)s(t[e].label)&&(t.splice(e,1),i--,e--);this.afterTickToLabelConversion()}_getLabelSizes(){let t=this._labelSizes;if(!t){const e=this.options.ticks.sampleSize;let i=this.ticks;e<i.length&&(i=Xs(i,e)),this._labelSizes=t=this._computeLabelSizes(i,i.length,this.options.ticks.maxTicksLimit)}return t}_computeLabelSizes(t,e,i){const{ctx:o,_longestTextCache:a}=this,r=[],l=[],h=Math.floor(e/Us(e,i));let c,d,f,g,p,m,x,b,_,y,v,M=0,w=0;for(c=0;c<e;c+=h){if(g=t[c].label,p=this._resolveTickFontOptions(c),o.font=m=p.string,x=a[m]=a[m]||{data:{},gc:[]},b=p.lineHeight,_=y=0,s(g)||n(g)){if(n(g))for(d=0,f=g.length;d<f;++d)v=g[d],s(v)||n(v)||(_=Ce(o,x.data,x.gc,_,v),y+=b)}else _=Ce(o,x.data,x.gc,_,g),y=b;r.push(_),l.push(y),M=Math.max(_,M),w=Math.max(y,w)}!function(t,e){u(t,(t=>{const i=t.gc,s=i.length/2;let n;if(s>e){for(n=0;n<s;++n)delete t.data[i[n]];i.splice(0,s)}}))}(a,e);const k=r.indexOf(M),S=l.indexOf(w),P=t=>({width:r[t]||0,height:l[t]||0});return{first:P(0),last:P(e-1),widest:P(k),highest:P(S),widths:r,heights:l}}getLabelForValue(t){return t}getPixelForValue(t,e){return NaN}getValueForPixel(t){}getPixelForTick(t){const e=this.ticks;return t<0||t>e.length-1?null:this.getPixelForValue(e[t].value)}getPixelForDecimal(t){this._reversePixels&&(t=1-t);const e=this._startPixel+t*this._length;return Q(this._alignToPixels?Ae(this.chart,e,0):e)}getDecimalForPixel(t){const e=(t-this._startPixel)/this._length;return this._reversePixels?1-e:e}getBasePixel(){return this.getPixelForValue(this.getBaseValue())}getBaseValue(){const{min:t,max:e}=this;return t<0&&e<0?e:t>0&&e>0?t:0}getContext(t){const e=this.ticks||[];if(t>=0&&t<e.length){const i=e[t];return i.$context||(i.$context=function(t,e,i){return Ci(t,{tick:i,index:e,type:"tick"})}(this.getContext(),t,i))}return this.$context||(this.$context=Ci(this.chart.getContext(),{scale:this,type:"scale"}))}_tickSize(){const t=this.options.ticks,e=$(this.labelRotation),i=Math.abs(Math.cos(e)),s=Math.abs(Math.sin(e)),n=this._getLabelSizes(),o=t.autoSkipPadding||0,a=n?n.widest.width+o:0,r=n?n.highest.height+o:0;return this.isHorizontal()?r*i>a*s?a/i:r/s:r*s<a*i?r/i:a/s}_isVisible(){const t=this.options.display;return"auto"!==t?!!t:this.getMatchingVisibleMetas().length>0}_computeGridLineItems(t){const e=this.axis,i=this.chart,s=this.options,{grid:n,position:a,border:r}=s,h=n.offset,c=this.isHorizontal(),d=this.ticks.length+(h?1:0),u=Ks(n),f=[],g=r.setContext(this.getContext()),p=g.display?g.width:0,m=p/2,x=function(t){return Ae(i,t,p)};let b,_,y,v,M,w,k,S,P,D,C,O;if("top"===a)b=x(this.bottom),w=this.bottom-u,S=b-m,D=x(t.top)+m,O=t.bottom;else if("bottom"===a)b=x(this.top),D=t.top,O=x(t.bottom)-m,w=b+m,S=this.top+u;else if("left"===a)b=x(this.right),M=this.right-u,k=b-m,P=x(t.left)+m,C=t.right;else if("right"===a)b=x(this.left),P=t.left,C=x(t.right)-m,M=b+m,k=this.left+u;else if("x"===e){if("center"===a)b=x((t.top+t.bottom)/2+.5);else if(o(a)){const t=Object.keys(a)[0],e=a[t];b=x(this.chart.scales[t].getPixelForValue(e))}D=t.top,O=t.bottom,w=b+m,S=w+u}else if("y"===e){if("center"===a)b=x((t.left+t.right)/2);else if(o(a)){const t=Object.keys(a)[0],e=a[t];b=x(this.chart.scales[t].getPixelForValue(e))}M=b-m,k=M-u,P=t.left,C=t.right}const A=l(s.ticks.maxTicksLimit,d),T=Math.max(1,Math.ceil(d/A));for(_=0;_<d;_+=T){const t=this.getContext(_),e=n.setContext(t),s=r.setContext(t),o=e.lineWidth,a=e.color,l=s.dash||[],d=s.dashOffset,u=e.tickWidth,g=e.tickColor,p=e.tickBorderDash||[],m=e.tickBorderDashOffset;y=qs(this,_,h),void 0!==y&&(v=Ae(i,y,o),c?M=k=P=C=v:w=S=D=O=v,f.push({tx1:M,ty1:w,tx2:k,ty2:S,x1:P,y1:D,x2:C,y2:O,width:o,color:a,borderDash:l,borderDashOffset:d,tickWidth:u,tickColor:g,tickBorderDash:p,tickBorderDashOffset:m}))}return this._ticksLength=d,this._borderValue=b,f}_computeLabelItems(t){const e=this.axis,i=this.options,{position:s,ticks:a}=i,r=this.isHorizontal(),l=this.ticks,{align:h,crossAlign:c,padding:d,mirror:u}=a,f=Ks(i.grid),g=f+d,p=u?-d:g,m=-$(this.labelRotation),x=[];let b,_,y,v,M,w,k,S,P,D,C,O,A="middle";if("top"===s)w=this.bottom-p,k=this._getXAxisLabelAlignment();else if("bottom"===s)w=this.top+p,k=this._getXAxisLabelAlignment();else if("left"===s){const t=this._getYAxisLabelAlignment(f);k=t.textAlign,M=t.x}else if("right"===s){const t=this._getYAxisLabelAlignment(f);k=t.textAlign,M=t.x}else if("x"===e){if("center"===s)w=(t.top+t.bottom)/2+g;else if(o(s)){const t=Object.keys(s)[0],e=s[t];w=this.chart.scales[t].getPixelForValue(e)+g}k=this._getXAxisLabelAlignment()}else if("y"===e){if("center"===s)M=(t.left+t.right)/2-g;else if(o(s)){const t=Object.keys(s)[0],e=s[t];M=this.chart.scales[t].getPixelForValue(e)}k=this._getYAxisLabelAlignment(f).textAlign}"y"===e&&("start"===h?A="top":"end"===h&&(A="bottom"));const T=this._getLabelSizes();for(b=0,_=l.length;b<_;++b){y=l[b],v=y.label;const t=a.setContext(this.getContext(b));S=this.getPixelForTick(b)+a.labelOffset,P=this._resolveTickFontOptions(b),D=P.lineHeight,C=n(v)?v.length:1;const e=C/2,i=t.color,o=t.textStrokeColor,h=t.textStrokeWidth;let d,f=k;if(r?(M=S,"inner"===k&&(f=b===_-1?this.options.reverse?"left":"right":0===b?this.options.reverse?"right":"left":"center"),O="top"===s?"near"===c||0!==m?-C*D+D/2:"center"===c?-T.highest.height/2-e*D+D:-T.highest.height+D/2:"near"===c||0!==m?D/2:"center"===c?T.highest.height/2-e*D:T.highest.height-C*D,u&&(O*=-1),0===m||t.showLabelBackdrop||(M+=D/2*Math.sin(m))):(w=S,O=(1-C)*D/2),t.showLabelBackdrop){const e=ki(t.backdropPadding),i=T.heights[b],s=T.widths[b];let n=O-e.top,o=0-e.left;switch(A){case"middle":n-=i/2;break;case"bottom":n-=i}switch(k){case"center":o-=s/2;break;case"right":o-=s;break;case"inner":b===_-1?o-=s:b>0&&(o-=s/2)}d={left:o,top:n,width:s+e.width,height:i+e.height,color:t.backdropColor}}x.push({label:v,font:P,textOffset:O,options:{rotation:m,color:i,strokeColor:o,strokeWidth:h,textAlign:f,textBaseline:A,translation:[M,w],backdrop:d}})}return 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t=s[n];e.drawOnChartArea&&a({x:t.x1,y:t.y1},{x:t.x2,y:t.y2},t),e.drawTicks&&a({x:t.tx1,y:t.ty1},{x:t.tx2,y:t.ty2},{color:t.tickColor,width:t.tickWidth,borderDash:t.tickBorderDash,borderDashOffset:t.tickBorderDashOffset})}}drawBorder(){const{chart:t,ctx:e,options:{border:i,grid:s}}=this,n=i.setContext(this.getContext()),o=i.display?n.width:0;if(!o)return;const a=s.setContext(this.getContext(0)).lineWidth,r=this._borderValue;let l,h,c,d;this.isHorizontal()?(l=Ae(t,this.left,o)-o/2,h=Ae(t,this.right,a)+a/2,c=d=r):(c=Ae(t,this.top,o)-o/2,d=Ae(t,this.bottom,a)+a/2,l=h=r),e.save(),e.lineWidth=n.width,e.strokeStyle=n.color,e.beginPath(),e.moveTo(l,c),e.lineTo(h,d),e.stroke(),e.restore()}drawLabels(t){if(!this.options.ticks.display)return;const e=this.ctx,i=this._computeLabelArea();i&&Ie(e,i);const s=this.getLabelItems(t);for(const t of s){const i=t.options,s=t.font;Ne(e,t.label,0,t.textOffset,s,i)}i&&ze(e)}drawTitle(){const{ctx:t,options:{position:e,title:i,reverse:s}}=this;if(!i.display)return;const a=Si(i.font),r=ki(i.padding),l=i.align;let h=a.lineHeight/2;"bottom"===e||"center"===e||o(e)?(h+=r.bottom,n(i.text)&&(h+=a.lineHeight*(i.text.length-1))):h+=r.top;const{titleX:c,titleY:d,maxWidth:u,rotation:f}=function(t,e,i,s){const{top:n,left:a,bottom:r,right:l,chart:h}=t,{chartArea:c,scales:d}=h;let u,f,g,p=0;const m=r-n,x=l-a;if(t.isHorizontal()){if(f=ft(s,a,l),o(i)){const t=Object.keys(i)[0],s=i[t];g=d[t].getPixelForValue(s)+m-e}else g="center"===i?(c.bottom+c.top)/2+m-e:Ys(t,i,e);u=l-a}else{if(o(i)){const t=Object.keys(i)[0],s=i[t];f=d[t].getPixelForValue(s)-x+e}else 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Si(this.options.ticks.setContext(this.getContext(t)).font)}_maxDigits(){const t=this._resolveTickFontOptions(0).lineHeight;return(this.isHorizontal()?this.width:this.height)/t}}class Qs{constructor(t,e,i){this.type=t,this.scope=e,this.override=i,this.items=Object.create(null)}isForType(t){return Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf.call(this.type.prototype,t.prototype)}register(t){const e=Object.getPrototypeOf(t);let i;(function(t){return"id"in t&&"defaults"in t})(e)&&(i=this.register(e));const s=this.items,n=t.id,o=this.scope+"."+n;if(!n)throw new Error("class does not have id: "+t);return n in s||(s[n]=t,function(t,e,i){const s=x(Object.create(null),[i?ue.get(i):{},ue.get(e),t.defaults]);ue.set(e,s),t.defaultRoutes&&function(t,e){Object.keys(e).forEach((i=>{const 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this._get(t,this.controllers,"controller")}getElement(t){return this._get(t,this.elements,"element")}getPlugin(t){return this._get(t,this.plugins,"plugin")}getScale(t){return this._get(t,this.scales,"scale")}removeControllers(...t){this._each("unregister",t,this.controllers)}removeElements(...t){this._each("unregister",t,this.elements)}removePlugins(...t){this._each("unregister",t,this.plugins)}removeScales(...t){this._each("unregister",t,this.scales)}_each(t,e,i){[...e].forEach((e=>{const s=i||this._getRegistryForType(e);i||s.isForType(e)||s===this.plugins&&e.id?this._exec(t,s,e):u(e,(e=>{const s=i||this._getRegistryForType(e);this._exec(t,s,e)}))}))}_exec(t,e,i){const s=w(t);d(i["before"+s],[],i),e[t](i),d(i["after"+s],[],i)}_getRegistryForType(t){for(let e=0;e<this._typedRegistries.length;e++){const i=this._typedRegistries[e];if(i.isForType(t))return i}return this.plugins}_get(t,e,i){const s=e.get(t);if(void 0===s)throw new Error('"'+t+'" is not a registered '+i+".");return s}}var en=new tn;class sn{constructor(){this._init=[]}notify(t,e,i,s){"beforeInit"===e&&(this._init=this._createDescriptors(t,!0),this._notify(this._init,t,"install"));const n=s?this._descriptors(t).filter(s):this._descriptors(t),o=this._notify(n,t,e,i);return"afterDestroy"===e&&(this._notify(n,t,"stop"),this._notify(this._init,t,"uninstall")),o}_notify(t,e,i,s){s=s||{};for(const n of t){const t=n.plugin;if(!1===d(t[i],[e,s,n.options],t)&&s.cancelable)return!1}return!0}invalidate(){s(this._cache)||(this._oldCache=this._cache,this._cache=void 0)}_descriptors(t){if(this._cache)return this._cache;const e=this._cache=this._createDescriptors(t);return this._notifyStateChanges(t),e}_createDescriptors(t,e){const i=t&&t.config,s=l(i.options&&i.options.plugins,{}),n=function(t){const e={},i=[],s=Object.keys(en.plugins.items);for(let t=0;t<s.length;t++)i.push(en.getPlugin(s[t]));const n=t.plugins||[];for(let t=0;t<n.length;t++){const 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0,this._doResize=dt((t=>this.update(t)),a.resizeDelay||0),this._dataChanges=[],Pn[this.id]=this,r&&l?(bt.listen(this,"complete",wn),bt.listen(this,"progress",kn),this._initialize(),this.attached&&this.update()):console.error("Failed to create chart: can't acquire context from the given item")}get aspectRatio(){const{options:{aspectRatio:t,maintainAspectRatio:e},width:i,height:n,_aspectRatio:o}=this;return s(t)?e&&o?o:n?i/n:null:t}get data(){return this.config.data}set data(t){this.config.data=t}get options(){return this._options}set options(t){this.config.options=t}get registry(){return en}_initialize(){return this.notifyPlugins("beforeInit"),this.options.responsive?this.resize():ke(this,this.options.devicePixelRatio),this.bindEvents(),this.notifyPlugins("afterInit"),this}clear(){return Te(this.canvas,this.ctx),this}stop(){return bt.stop(this),this}resize(t,e){bt.running(this)?this._resizeBeforeDraw={width:t,height:e}:this._resize(t,e)}_resize(t,e){const i=this.options,s=this.canvas,n=i.maintainAspectRatio&&this.aspectRatio,o=this.platform.getMaximumSize(s,t,e,n),a=i.devicePixelRatio||this.platform.getDevicePixelRatio(),r=this.width?"resize":"attach";this.width=o.width,this.height=o.height,this._aspectRatio=this.aspectRatio,ke(this,a,!0)&&(this.notifyPlugins("resize",{size:o}),d(i.onResize,[this,o],this),this.attached&&this._doResize(r)&&this.render())}ensureScalesHaveIDs(){u(this.options.scales||{},((t,e)=>{t.id=e}))}buildOrUpdateScales(){const t=this.options,e=t.scales,i=this.scales,s=Object.keys(i).reduce(((t,e)=>(t[e]=!1,t)),{});let n=[];e&&(n=n.concat(Object.keys(e).map((t=>{const i=e[t],s=ln(t,i),n="r"===s,o="x"===s;return{options:i,dposition:n?"chartArea":o?"bottom":"left",dtype:n?"radialLinear":o?"category":"linear"}})))),u(n,(e=>{const n=e.options,o=n.id,a=ln(o,n),r=l(n.type,e.dtype);void 0!==n.position&&vn(n.position,a)===vn(e.dposition)||(n.position=e.dposition),s[o]=!0;let h=null;if(o in i&&i[o].type===r)h=i[o];else{h=new(en.getScale(r))({id:o,type:r,ctx:this.ctx,chart:this}),i[h.id]=h}h.init(n,t)})),u(s,((t,e)=>{t||delete i[e]})),u(i,(t=>{as.configure(this,t,t.options),as.addBox(this,t)}))}_updateMetasets(){const t=this._metasets,e=this.data.datasets.length,i=t.length;if(t.sort(((t,e)=>t.index-e.index)),i>e){for(let t=e;t<i;++t)this._destroyDatasetMeta(t);t.splice(e,i-e)}this._sortedMetasets=t.slice(0).sort(Mn("order","index"))}_removeUnreferencedMetasets(){const{_metasets:t,data:{datasets:e}}=this;t.length>e.length&&delete this._stacks,t.forEach(((t,i)=>{0===e.filter((e=>e===t._dataset)).length&&this._destroyDatasetMeta(i)}))}buildOrUpdateControllers(){const t=[],e=this.data.datasets;let i,s;for(this._removeUnreferencedMetasets(),i=0,s=e.length;i<s;i++){const s=e[i];let n=this.getDatasetMeta(i);const o=s.type||this.config.type;if(n.type&&n.type!==o&&(this._destroyDatasetMeta(i),n=this.getDatasetMeta(i)),n.type=o,n.indexAxis=s.indexAxis||an(o,this.options),n.order=s.order||0,n.index=i,n.label=""+s.label,n.visible=this.isDatasetVisible(i),n.controller)n.controller.updateIndex(i),n.controller.linkScales();else{const e=en.getController(o),{datasetElementType:s,dataElementType:a}=ue.datasets[o];Object.assign(e,{dataElementType:en.getElement(a),datasetElementType:s&&en.getElement(s)}),n.controller=new e(this,i),t.push(n.controller)}}return this._updateMetasets(),t}_resetElements(){u(this.data.datasets,((t,e)=>{this.getDatasetMeta(e).controller.reset()}),this)}reset(){this._resetElements(),this.notifyPlugins("reset")}update(t){const e=this.config;e.update();const i=this._options=e.createResolver(e.chartOptionScopes(),this.getContext()),s=this._animationsDisabled=!i.animation;if(this._updateScales(),this._checkEventBindings(),this._updateHiddenIndices(),this._plugins.invalidate(),!1===this.notifyPlugins("beforeUpdate",{mode:t,cancelable:!0}))return;const n=this.buildOrUpdateControllers();this.notifyPlugins("beforeElementsUpdate");let o=0;for(let t=0,e=this.data.datasets.length;t<e;t++){const{controller:e}=this.getDatasetMeta(t),i=!s&&-1===n.indexOf(e);e.buildOrUpdateElements(i),o=Math.max(+e.getMaxOverflow(),o)}o=this._minPadding=i.layout.autoPadding?o:0,this._updateLayout(o),s||u(n,(t=>{t.reset()})),this._updateDatasets(t),this.notifyPlugins("afterUpdate",{mode:t}),this._layers.sort(Mn("z","_idx"));const{_active:a,_lastEvent:r}=this;r?this._eventHandler(r,!0):a.length&&this._updateHoverStyles(a,a,!0),this.render()}_updateScales(){u(this.scales,(t=>{as.removeBox(this,t)})),this.ensureScalesHaveIDs(),this.buildOrUpdateScales()}_checkEventBindings(){const t=this.options,e=new Set(Object.keys(this._listeners)),i=new Set(t.events);P(e,i)&&!!this._responsiveListeners===t.responsive||(this.unbindEvents(),this.bindEvents())}_updateHiddenIndices(){const{_hiddenIndices:t}=this,e=this._getUniformDataChanges()||[];for(const{method:i,start:s,count:n}of e){Cn(t,s,"_removeElements"===i?-n:n)}}_getUniformDataChanges(){const t=this._dataChanges;if(!t||!t.length)return;this._dataChanges=[];const e=this.data.datasets.length,i=e=>new Set(t.filter((t=>t[0]===e)).map(((t,e)=>e+","+t.splice(1).join(",")))),s=i(0);for(let t=1;t<e;t++)if(!P(s,i(t)))return;return Array.from(s).map((t=>t.split(","))).map((t=>({method:t[1],start:+t[2],count:+t[3]})))}_updateLayout(t){if(!1===this.notifyPlugins("beforeLayout",{cancelable:!0}))return;as.update(this,this.width,this.height,t);const e=this.chartArea,i=e.width<=0||e.height<=0;this._layers=[],u(this.boxes,(t=>{i&&"chartArea"===t.position||(t.configure&&t.configure(),this._layers.push(...t._layers()))}),this),this._layers.forEach(((t,e)=>{t._idx=e})),this.notifyPlugins("afterLayout")}_updateDatasets(t){if(!1!==this.notifyPlugins("beforeDatasetsUpdate",{mode:t,cancelable:!0})){for(let t=0,e=this.data.datasets.length;t<e;++t)this.getDatasetMeta(t).controller.configure();for(let e=0,i=this.data.datasets.length;e<i;++e)this._updateDataset(e,S(t)?t({datasetIndex:e}):t);this.notifyPlugins("afterDatasetsUpdate",{mode:t})}}_updateDataset(t,e){const i=this.getDatasetMeta(t),s={meta:i,index:t,mode:e,cancelable:!0};!1!==this.notifyPlugins("beforeDatasetUpdate",s)&&(i.controller._update(e),s.cancelable=!1,this.notifyPlugins("afterDatasetUpdate",s))}render(){!1!==this.notifyPlugins("beforeRender",{cancelable:!0})&&(bt.has(this)?this.attached&&!bt.running(this)&&bt.start(this):(this.draw(),wn({chart:this})))}draw(){let t;if(this._resizeBeforeDraw){const{width:t,height:e}=this._resizeBeforeDraw;this._resizeBeforeDraw=null,this._resize(t,e)}if(this.clear(),this.width<=0||this.height<=0)return;if(!1===this.notifyPlugins("beforeDraw",{cancelable:!0}))return;const e=this._layers;for(t=0;t<e.length&&e[t].z<=0;++t)e[t].draw(this.chartArea);for(this._drawDatasets();t<e.length;++t)e[t].draw(this.chartArea);this.notifyPlugins("afterDraw")}_getSortedDatasetMetas(t){const e=this._sortedMetasets,i=[];let s,n;for(s=0,n=e.length;s<n;++s){const n=e[s];t&&!n.visible||i.push(n)}return i}getSortedVisibleDatasetMetas(){return this._getSortedDatasetMetas(!0)}_drawDatasets(){if(!1===this.notifyPlugins("beforeDatasetsDraw",{cancelable:!0}))return;const t=this.getSortedVisibleDatasetMetas();for(let e=t.length-1;e>=0;--e)this._drawDataset(t[e]);this.notifyPlugins("afterDatasetsDraw")}_drawDataset(t){const e=this.ctx,i=t._clip,s=!i.disabled,n=function(t,e){const{xScale:i,yScale:s}=t;return i&&s?{left:On(i,e,"left"),right:On(i,e,"right"),top:On(s,e,"top"),bottom:On(s,e,"bottom")}:e}(t,this.chartArea),o={meta:t,index:t.index,cancelable:!0};!1!==this.notifyPlugins("beforeDatasetDraw",o)&&(s&&Ie(e,{left:!1===i.left?0:n.left-i.left,right:!1===i.right?this.width:n.right+i.right,top:!1===i.top?0:n.top-i.top,bottom:!1===i.bottom?this.height:n.bottom+i.bottom}),t.controller.draw(),s&&ze(e),o.cancelable=!1,this.notifyPlugins("afterDatasetDraw",o))}isPointInArea(t){return Re(t,this.chartArea,this._minPadding)}getElementsAtEventForMode(t,e,i,s){const n=Xi.modes[e];return"function"==typeof n?n(this,t,i,s):[]}getDatasetMeta(t){const e=this.data.datasets[t],i=this._metasets;let s=i.filter((t=>t&&t._dataset===e)).pop();return s||(s={type:null,data:[],dataset:null,controller:null,hidden:null,xAxisID:null,yAxisID:null,order:e&&e.order||0,index:t,_dataset:e,_parsed:[],_sorted:!1},i.push(s)),s}getContext(){return this.$context||(this.$context=Ci(null,{chart:this,type:"chart"}))}getVisibleDatasetCount(){return this.getSortedVisibleDatasetMetas().length}isDatasetVisible(t){const e=this.data.datasets[t];if(!e)return!1;const i=this.getDatasetMeta(t);return"boolean"==typeof i.hidden?!i.hidden:!e.hidden}setDatasetVisibility(t,e){this.getDatasetMeta(t).hidden=!e}toggleDataVisibility(t){this._hiddenIndices[t]=!this._hiddenIndices[t]}getDataVisibility(t){return!this._hiddenIndices[t]}_updateVisibility(t,e,i){const s=i?"show":"hide",n=this.getDatasetMeta(t),o=n.controller._resolveAnimations(void 0,s);k(e)?(n.data[e].hidden=!i,this.update()):(this.setDatasetVisibility(t,i),o.update(n,{visible:i}),this.update((e=>e.datasetIndex===t?s:void 0)))}hide(t,e){this._updateVisibility(t,e,!1)}show(t,e){this._updateVisibility(t,e,!0)}_destroyDatasetMeta(t){const e=this._metasets[t];e&&e.controller&&e.controller._destroy(),delete this._metasets[t]}_stop(){let t,e;for(this.stop(),bt.remove(this),t=0,e=this.data.datasets.length;t<e;++t)this._destroyDatasetMeta(t)}destroy(){this.notifyPlugins("beforeDestroy");const{canvas:t,ctx:e}=this;this._stop(),this.config.clearCache(),t&&(this.unbindEvents(),Te(t,e),this.platform.releaseContext(e),this.canvas=null,this.ctx=null),delete Pn[this.id],this.notifyPlugins("afterDestroy")}toBase64Image(...t){return this.canvas.toDataURL(...t)}bindEvents(){this.bindUserEvents(),this.options.responsive?this.bindResponsiveEvents():this.attached=!0}bindUserEvents(){const t=this._listeners,e=this.platform,i=(i,s)=>{e.addEventListener(this,i,s),t[i]=s},s=(t,e,i)=>{t.offsetX=e,t.offsetY=i,this._eventHandler(t)};u(this.options.events,(t=>i(t,s)))}bindResponsiveEvents(){this._responsiveListeners||(this._responsiveListeners={});const t=this._responsiveListeners,e=this.platform,i=(i,s)=>{e.addEventListener(this,i,s),t[i]=s},s=(i,s)=>{t[i]&&(e.removeEventListener(this,i,s),delete t[i])},n=(t,e)=>{this.canvas&&this.resize(t,e)};let o;const a=()=>{s("attach",a),this.attached=!0,this.resize(),i("resize",n),i("detach",o)};o=()=>{this.attached=!1,s("resize",n),this._stop(),this._resize(0,0),i("attach",a)},e.isAttached(this.canvas)?a():o()}unbindEvents(){u(this._listeners,((t,e)=>{this.platform.removeEventListener(this,e,t)})),this._listeners={},u(this._responsiveListeners,((t,e)=>{this.platform.removeEventListener(this,e,t)})),this._responsiveListeners=void 0}updateHoverStyle(t,e,i){const s=i?"set":"remove";let n,o,a,r;for("dataset"===e&&(n=this.getDatasetMeta(t[0].datasetIndex),n.controller["_"+s+"DatasetHoverStyle"]()),a=0,r=t.length;a<r;++a){o=t[a];const e=o&&this.getDatasetMeta(o.datasetIndex).controller;e&&e[s+"HoverStyle"](o.element,o.datasetIndex,o.index)}}getActiveElements(){return this._active||[]}setActiveElements(t){const e=this._active||[],i=t.map((({datasetIndex:t,index:e})=>{const i=this.getDatasetMeta(t);if(!i)throw new Error("No dataset found at index "+t);return{datasetIndex:t,element:i.data[e],index:e}}));!f(i,e)&&(this._active=i,this._lastEvent=null,this._updateHoverStyles(i,e))}notifyPlugins(t,e,i){return this._plugins.notify(this,t,e,i)}isPluginEnabled(t){return 1===this._plugins._cache.filter((e=>e.plugin.id===t)).length}_updateHoverStyles(t,e,i){const s=this.options.hover,n=(t,e)=>t.filter((t=>!e.some((e=>t.datasetIndex===e.datasetIndex&&t.index===e.index)))),o=n(e,t),a=i?t:n(t,e);o.length&&this.updateHoverStyle(o,s.mode,!1),a.length&&s.mode&&this.updateHoverStyle(a,s.mode,!0)}_eventHandler(t,e){const i={event:t,replay:e,cancelable:!0,inChartArea:this.isPointInArea(t)},s=e=>(e.options.events||this.options.events).includes(t.native.type);if(!1===this.notifyPlugins("beforeEvent",i,s))return;const n=this._handleEvent(t,e,i.inChartArea);return i.cancelable=!1,this.notifyPlugins("afterEvent",i,s),(n||i.changed)&&this.render(),this}_handleEvent(t,e,i){const{_active:s=[],options:n}=this,o=e,a=this._getActiveElements(t,s,i,o),r=D(t),l=function(t,e,i,s){return i&&"mouseout"!==t.type?s?e:t:null}(t,this._lastEvent,i,r);i&&(this._lastEvent=null,d(n.onHover,[t,a,this],this),r&&d(n.onClick,[t,a,this],this));const h=!f(a,s);return(h||e)&&(this._active=a,this._updateHoverStyles(a,s,e)),this._lastEvent=l,h}_getActiveElements(t,e,i,s){if("mouseout"===t.type)return[];if(!i)return e;const n=this.options.hover;return this.getElementsAtEventForMode(t,n.mode,n,s)}}function Tn(){return u(An.instances,(t=>t._plugins.invalidate()))}function Ln(){throw new Error("This method is not implemented: Check that a complete date adapter is provided.")}class En{static override(t){Object.assign(En.prototype,t)}options;constructor(t){this.options=t||{}}init(){}formats(){return Ln()}parse(){return Ln()}format(){return Ln()}add(){return Ln()}diff(){return Ln()}startOf(){return Ln()}endOf(){return Ln()}}var Rn={_date:En};function In(t){const e=t.iScale,i=function(t,e){if(!t._cache.$bar){const i=t.getMatchingVisibleMetas(e);let s=[];for(let e=0,n=i.length;e<n;e++)s=s.concat(i[e].controller.getAllParsedValues(t));t._cache.$bar=lt(s.sort(((t,e)=>t-e)))}return t._cache.$bar}(e,t.type);let s,n,o,a,r=e._length;const l=()=>{32767!==o&&-32768!==o&&(k(a)&&(r=Math.min(r,Math.abs(o-a)||r)),a=o)};for(s=0,n=i.length;s<n;++s)o=e.getPixelForValue(i[s]),l();for(a=void 0,s=0,n=e.ticks.length;s<n;++s)o=e.getPixelForTick(s),l();return r}function zn(t,e,i,s){return n(t)?function(t,e,i,s){const n=i.parse(t[0],s),o=i.parse(t[1],s),a=Math.min(n,o),r=Math.max(n,o);let l=a,h=r;Math.abs(a)>Math.abs(r)&&(l=r,h=a),e[i.axis]=h,e._custom={barStart:l,barEnd:h,start:n,end:o,min:a,max:r}}(t,e,i,s):e[i.axis]=i.parse(t,s),e}function Fn(t,e,i,s){const n=t.iScale,o=t.vScale,a=n.getLabels(),r=n===o,l=[];let h,c,d,u;for(h=i,c=i+s;h<c;++h)u=e[h],d={},d[n.axis]=r||n.parse(a[h],h),l.push(zn(u,d,o,h));return l}function Vn(t){return t&&void 0!==t.barStart&&void 0!==t.barEnd}function Bn(t,e,i,s){let n=e.borderSkipped;const o={};if(!n)return void(t.borderSkipped=o);if(!0===n)return void(t.borderSkipped={top:!0,right:!0,bottom:!0,left:!0});const{start:a,end:r,reverse:l,top:h,bottom:c}=function(t){let e,i,s,n,o;return t.horizontal?(e=t.base>t.x,i="left",s="right"):(e=t.base<t.y,i="bottom",s="top"),e?(n="end",o="start"):(n="start",o="end"),{start:i,end:s,reverse:e,top:n,bottom:o}}(t);"middle"===n&&i&&(t.enableBorderRadius=!0,(i._top||0)===s?n=h:(i._bottom||0)===s?n=c:(o[Wn(c,a,r,l)]=!0,n=h)),o[Wn(n,a,r,l)]=!0,t.borderSkipped=o}function Wn(t,e,i,s){var n,o,a;return s?(a=i,t=Nn(t=(n=t)===(o=e)?a:n===a?o:n,i,e)):t=Nn(t,e,i),t}function Nn(t,e,i){return"start"===t?e:"end"===t?i:t}function Hn(t,{inflateAmount:e},i){t.inflateAmount="auto"===e?1===i?.33:0:e}class jn extends Ns{static id="doughnut";static defaults={datasetElementType:!1,dataElementType:"arc",animation:{animateRotate:!0,animateScale:!1},animations:{numbers:{type:"number",properties:["circumference","endAngle","innerRadius","outerRadius","startAngle","x","y","offset","borderWidth","spacing"]}},cutout:"50%",rotation:0,circumference:360,radius:"100%",spacing:0,indexAxis:"r"};static descriptors={_scriptable:t=>"spacing"!==t,_indexable:t=>"spacing"!==t&&!t.startsWith("borderDash")&&!t.startsWith("hoverBorderDash")};static overrides={aspectRatio:1,plugins:{legend:{labels:{generateLabels(t){const e=t.data;if(e.labels.length&&e.datasets.length){const{labels:{pointStyle:i,color:s}}=t.legend.options;return e.labels.map(((e,n)=>{const o=t.getDatasetMeta(0).controller.getStyle(n);return{text:e,fillStyle:o.backgroundColor,strokeStyle:o.borderColor,fontColor:s,lineWidth:o.borderWidth,pointStyle:i,hidden:!t.getDataVisibility(n),index:n}}))}return[]}},onClick(t,e,i){i.chart.toggleDataVisibility(e.index),i.chart.update()}}}};constructor(t,e){super(t,e),this.enableOptionSharing=!0,this.innerRadius=void 0,this.outerRadius=void 0,this.offsetX=void 0,this.offsetY=void 0}linkScales(){}parse(t,e){const i=this.getDataset().data,s=this._cachedMeta;if(!1===this._parsing)s._parsed=i;else{let 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r=t,l=r+e,h=Math.cos(r),c=Math.sin(r),d=Math.cos(l),u=Math.sin(l),f=(t,e,s)=>Z(t,r,l,!0)?1:Math.max(e,e*i,s,s*i),g=(t,e,s)=>Z(t,r,l,!0)?-1:Math.min(e,e*i,s,s*i),p=f(0,h,d),m=f(E,c,u),x=g(C,h,d),b=g(C+E,c,u);s=(p-x)/2,n=(m-b)/2,o=-(p+x)/2,a=-(m+b)/2}return{ratioX:s,ratioY:n,offsetX:o,offsetY:a}}(u,d,r),x=(i.width-o)/f,b=(i.height-o)/g,_=Math.max(Math.min(x,b)/2,0),y=c(this.options.radius,_),v=(y-Math.max(y*r,0))/this._getVisibleDatasetWeightTotal();this.offsetX=p*y,this.offsetY=m*y,s.total=this.calculateTotal(),this.outerRadius=y-v*this._getRingWeightOffset(this.index),this.innerRadius=Math.max(this.outerRadius-v*l,0),this.updateElements(n,0,n.length,t)}_circumference(t,e){const i=this.options,s=this._cachedMeta,n=this._getCircumference();return e&&i.animation.animateRotate||!this.chart.getDataVisibility(t)||null===s._parsed[t]||s.data[t].hidden?0:this.calculateCircumference(s._parsed[t]*n/O)}updateElements(t,e,i,s){const n="reset"===s,o=this.chart,a=o.chartArea,r=o.options.animation,l=(a.left+a.right)/2,h=(a.top+a.bottom)/2,c=n&&r.animateScale,d=c?0:this.innerRadius,u=c?0:this.outerRadius,{sharedOptions:f,includeOptions:g}=this._getSharedOptions(e,s);let p,m=this._getRotation();for(p=0;p<e;++p)m+=this._circumference(p,n);for(p=e;p<e+i;++p){const e=this._circumference(p,n),i=t[p],o={x:l+this.offsetX,y:h+this.offsetY,startAngle:m,endAngle:m+e,circumference:e,outerRadius:u,innerRadius:d};g&&(o.options=f||this.resolveDataElementOptions(p,i.active?"active":s)),m+=e,this.updateElement(i,p,o,s)}}calculateTotal(){const t=this._cachedMeta,e=t.data;let i,s=0;for(i=0;i<e.length;i++){const n=t._parsed[i];null===n||isNaN(n)||!this.chart.getDataVisibility(i)||e[i].hidden||(s+=Math.abs(n))}return s}calculateCircumference(t){const e=this._cachedMeta.total;return e>0&&!isNaN(t)?O*(Math.abs(t)/e):0}getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.chart,s=i.data.labels||[],n=ne(e._parsed[t],i.options.locale);return{label:s[t]||"",value:n}}getMaxBorderWidth(t){let e=0;const i=this.chart;let s,n,o,a,r;if(!t)for(s=0,n=i.data.datasets.length;s<n;++s)if(i.isDatasetVisible(s)){o=i.getDatasetMeta(s),t=o.data,a=o.controller;break}if(!t)return 0;for(s=0,n=t.length;s<n;++s)r=a.resolveDataElementOptions(s),"inner"!==r.borderAlign&&(e=Math.max(e,r.borderWidth||0,r.hoverBorderWidth||0));return e}getMaxOffset(t){let e=0;for(let i=0,s=t.length;i<s;++i){const t=this.resolveDataElementOptions(i);e=Math.max(e,t.offset||0,t.hoverOffset||0)}return e}_getRingWeightOffset(t){let e=0;for(let i=0;i<t;++i)this.chart.isDatasetVisible(i)&&(e+=this._getRingWeight(i));return e}_getRingWeight(t){return Math.max(l(this.chart.data.datasets[t].weight,1),0)}_getVisibleDatasetWeightTotal(){return this._getRingWeightOffset(this.chart.data.datasets.length)||1}}class $n extends Ns{static id="polarArea";static defaults={dataElementType:"arc",animation:{animateRotate:!0,animateScale:!0},animations:{numbers:{type:"number",properties:["x","y","startAngle","endAngle","innerRadius","outerRadius"]}},indexAxis:"r",startAngle:0};static overrides={aspectRatio:1,plugins:{legend:{labels:{generateLabels(t){const e=t.data;if(e.labels.length&&e.datasets.length){const{labels:{pointStyle:i,color:s}}=t.legend.options;return e.labels.map(((e,n)=>{const o=t.getDatasetMeta(0).controller.getStyle(n);return{text:e,fillStyle:o.backgroundColor,strokeStyle:o.borderColor,fontColor:s,lineWidth:o.borderWidth,pointStyle:i,hidden:!t.getDataVisibility(n),index:n}}))}return[]}},onClick(t,e,i){i.chart.toggleDataVisibility(e.index),i.chart.update()}}},scales:{r:{type:"radialLinear",angleLines:{display:!1},beginAtZero:!0,grid:{circular:!0},pointLabels:{display:!1},startAngle:0}}};constructor(t,e){super(t,e),this.innerRadius=void 0,this.outerRadius=void 0}getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.chart,s=i.data.labels||[],n=ne(e._parsed[t].r,i.options.locale);return{label:s[t]||"",value:n}}parseObjectData(t,e,i,s){return ii.bind(this)(t,e,i,s)}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta.data;this._updateRadius(),this.updateElements(e,0,e.length,t)}getMinMax(){const t=this._cachedMeta,e={min:Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,max:Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY};return t.data.forEach(((t,i)=>{const s=this.getParsed(i).r;!isNaN(s)&&this.chart.getDataVisibility(i)&&(s<e.min&&(e.min=s),s>e.max&&(e.max=s))})),e}_updateRadius(){const t=this.chart,e=t.chartArea,i=t.options,s=Math.min(e.right-e.left,e.bottom-e.top),n=Math.max(s/2,0),o=(n-Math.max(i.cutoutPercentage?n/100*i.cutoutPercentage:1,0))/t.getVisibleDatasetCount();this.outerRadius=n-o*this.index,this.innerRadius=this.outerRadius-o}updateElements(t,e,i,s){const n="reset"===s,o=this.chart,a=o.options.animation,r=this._cachedMeta.rScale,l=r.xCenter,h=r.yCenter,c=r.getIndexAngle(0)-.5*C;let d,u=c;const f=360/this.countVisibleElements();for(d=0;d<e;++d)u+=this._computeAngle(d,s,f);for(d=e;d<e+i;d++){const e=t[d];let i=u,g=u+this._computeAngle(d,s,f),p=o.getDataVisibility(d)?r.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(this.getParsed(d).r):0;u=g,n&&(a.animateScale&&(p=0),a.animateRotate&&(i=g=c));const m={x:l,y:h,innerRadius:0,outerRadius:p,startAngle:i,endAngle:g,options:this.resolveDataElementOptions(d,e.active?"active":s)};this.updateElement(e,d,m,s)}}countVisibleElements(){const t=this._cachedMeta;let e=0;return t.data.forEach(((t,i)=>{!isNaN(this.getParsed(i).r)&&this.chart.getDataVisibility(i)&&e++})),e}_computeAngle(t,e,i){return this.chart.getDataVisibility(t)?$(this.resolveDataElementOptions(t,e).angle||i):0}}var Yn=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,BarController:class extends Ns{static id="bar";static defaults={datasetElementType:!1,dataElementType:"bar",categoryPercentage:.8,barPercentage:.9,grouped:!0,animations:{numbers:{type:"number",properties:["x","y","base","width","height"]}}};static overrides={scales:{_index_:{type:"category",offset:!0,grid:{offset:!0}},_value_:{type:"linear",beginAtZero:!0}}};parsePrimitiveData(t,e,i,s){return Fn(t,e,i,s)}parseArrayData(t,e,i,s){return Fn(t,e,i,s)}parseObjectData(t,e,i,s){const{iScale:n,vScale:o}=t,{xAxisKey:a="x",yAxisKey:r="y"}=this._parsing,l="x"===n.axis?a:r,h="x"===o.axis?a:r,c=[];let d,u,f,g;for(d=i,u=i+s;d<u;++d)g=e[d],f={},f[n.axis]=n.parse(M(g,l),d),c.push(zn(M(g,h),f,o,d));return c}updateRangeFromParsed(t,e,i,s){super.updateRangeFromParsed(t,e,i,s);const n=i._custom;n&&e===this._cachedMeta.vScale&&(t.min=Math.min(t.min,n.min),t.max=Math.max(t.max,n.max))}getMaxOverflow(){return 0}getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,{iScale:i,vScale:s}=e,n=this.getParsed(t),o=n._custom,a=Vn(o)?"["+o.start+", "+o.end+"]":""+s.getLabelForValue(n[s.axis]);return{label:""+i.getLabelForValue(n[i.axis]),value:a}}initialize(){this.enableOptionSharing=!0,super.initialize();this._cachedMeta.stack=this.getDataset().stack}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta;this.updateElements(e.data,0,e.data.length,t)}updateElements(t,e,i,n){const o="reset"===n,{index:a,_cachedMeta:{vScale:r}}=this,l=r.getBasePixel(),h=r.isHorizontal(),c=this._getRuler(),{sharedOptions:d,includeOptions:u}=this._getSharedOptions(e,n);for(let f=e;f<e+i;f++){const e=this.getParsed(f),i=o||s(e[r.axis])?{base:l,head:l}:this._calculateBarValuePixels(f),g=this._calculateBarIndexPixels(f,c),p=(e._stacks||{})[r.axis],m={horizontal:h,base:i.base,enableBorderRadius:!p||Vn(e._custom)||a===p._top||a===p._bottom,x:h?i.head:g.center,y:h?g.center:i.head,height:h?g.size:Math.abs(i.size),width:h?Math.abs(i.size):g.size};u&&(m.options=d||this.resolveDataElementOptions(f,t[f].active?"active":n));const x=m.options||t[f].options;Bn(m,x,p,a),Hn(m,x,c.ratio),this.updateElement(t[f],f,m,n)}}_getStacks(t,e){const{iScale:i}=this._cachedMeta,n=i.getMatchingVisibleMetas(this._type).filter((t=>t.controller.options.grouped)),o=i.options.stacked,a=[],r=this._cachedMeta.controller.getParsed(e),l=r&&r[i.axis],h=t=>{const e=t._parsed.find((t=>t[i.axis]===l)),n=e&&e[t.vScale.axis];if(s(n)||isNaN(n))return!0};for(const i of n)if((void 0===e||!h(i))&&((!1===o||-1===a.indexOf(i.stack)||void 0===o&&void 0===i.stack)&&a.push(i.stack),i.index===t))break;return a.length||a.push(void 0),a}_getStackCount(t){return this._getStacks(void 0,t).length}_getStackIndex(t,e,i){const s=this._getStacks(t,i),n=void 0!==e?s.indexOf(e):-1;return-1===n?s.length-1:n}_getRuler(){const t=this.options,e=this._cachedMeta,i=e.iScale,s=[];let n,o;for(n=0,o=e.data.length;n<o;++n)s.push(i.getPixelForValue(this.getParsed(n)[i.axis],n));const a=t.barThickness;return{min:a||In(e),pixels:s,start:i._startPixel,end:i._endPixel,stackCount:this._getStackCount(),scale:i,grouped:t.grouped,ratio:a?1:t.categoryPercentage*t.barPercentage}}_calculateBarValuePixels(t){const{_cachedMeta:{vScale:e,_stacked:i,index:n},options:{base:o,minBarLength:a}}=this,r=o||0,l=this.getParsed(t),h=l._custom,c=Vn(h);let d,u,f=l[e.axis],g=0,p=i?this.applyStack(e,l,i):f;p!==f&&(g=p-f,p=f),c&&(f=h.barStart,p=h.barEnd-h.barStart,0!==f&&F(f)!==F(h.barEnd)&&(g=0),g+=f);const m=s(o)||c?g:o;let x=e.getPixelForValue(m);if(d=this.chart.getDataVisibility(t)?e.getPixelForValue(g+p):x,u=d-x,Math.abs(u)<a){u=function(t,e,i){return 0!==t?F(t):(e.isHorizontal()?1:-1)*(e.min>=i?1:-1)}(u,e,r)*a,f===r&&(x-=u/2);const t=e.getPixelForDecimal(0),s=e.getPixelForDecimal(1),o=Math.min(t,s),h=Math.max(t,s);x=Math.max(Math.min(x,h),o),d=x+u,i&&!c&&(l._stacks[e.axis]._visualValues[n]=e.getValueForPixel(d)-e.getValueForPixel(x))}if(x===e.getPixelForValue(r)){const t=F(u)*e.getLineWidthForValue(r)/2;x+=t,u-=t}return{size:u,base:x,head:d,center:d+u/2}}_calculateBarIndexPixels(t,e){const i=e.scale,n=this.options,o=n.skipNull,a=l(n.maxBarThickness,1/0);let r,h;if(e.grouped){const i=o?this._getStackCount(t):e.stackCount,l="flex"===n.barThickness?function(t,e,i,s){const n=e.pixels,o=n[t];let a=t>0?n[t-1]:null,r=t<n.length-1?n[t+1]:null;const l=i.categoryPercentage;null===a&&(a=o-(null===r?e.end-e.start:r-o)),null===r&&(r=o+o-a);const h=o-(o-Math.min(a,r))/2*l;return{chunk:Math.abs(r-a)/2*l/s,ratio:i.barPercentage,start:h}}(t,e,n,i):function(t,e,i,n){const o=i.barThickness;let a,r;return s(o)?(a=e.min*i.categoryPercentage,r=i.barPercentage):(a=o*n,r=1),{chunk:a/n,ratio:r,start:e.pixels[t]-a/2}}(t,e,n,i),c=this._getStackIndex(this.index,this._cachedMeta.stack,o?t:void 0);r=l.start+l.chunk*c+l.chunk/2,h=Math.min(a,l.chunk*l.ratio)}else r=i.getPixelForValue(this.getParsed(t)[i.axis],t),h=Math.min(a,e.min*e.ratio);return{base:r-h/2,head:r+h/2,center:r,size:h}}draw(){const t=this._cachedMeta,e=t.vScale,i=t.data,s=i.length;let n=0;for(;n<s;++n)null===this.getParsed(n)[e.axis]||i[n].hidden||i[n].draw(this._ctx)}},BubbleController:class extends Ns{static id="bubble";static defaults={datasetElementType:!1,dataElementType:"point",animations:{numbers:{type:"number",properties:["x","y","borderWidth","radius"]}}};static overrides={scales:{x:{type:"linear"},y:{type:"linear"}}};initialize(){this.enableOptionSharing=!0,super.initialize()}parsePrimitiveData(t,e,i,s){const n=super.parsePrimitiveData(t,e,i,s);for(let t=0;t<n.length;t++)n[t]._custom=this.resolveDataElementOptions(t+i).radius;return n}parseArrayData(t,e,i,s){const n=super.parseArrayData(t,e,i,s);for(let t=0;t<n.length;t++){const s=e[i+t];n[t]._custom=l(s[2],this.resolveDataElementOptions(t+i).radius)}return n}parseObjectData(t,e,i,s){const n=super.parseObjectData(t,e,i,s);for(let t=0;t<n.length;t++){const s=e[i+t];n[t]._custom=l(s&&s.r&&+s.r,this.resolveDataElementOptions(t+i).radius)}return n}getMaxOverflow(){const t=this._cachedMeta.data;let e=0;for(let i=t.length-1;i>=0;--i)e=Math.max(e,t[i].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(i))/2);return e>0&&e}getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.chart.data.labels||[],{xScale:s,yScale:n}=e,o=this.getParsed(t),a=s.getLabelForValue(o.x),r=n.getLabelForValue(o.y),l=o._custom;return{label:i[t]||"",value:"("+a+", "+r+(l?", "+l:"")+")"}}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta.data;this.updateElements(e,0,e.length,t)}updateElements(t,e,i,s){const n="reset"===s,{iScale:o,vScale:a}=this._cachedMeta,{sharedOptions:r,includeOptions:l}=this._getSharedOptions(e,s),h=o.axis,c=a.axis;for(let d=e;d<e+i;d++){const e=t[d],i=!n&&this.getParsed(d),u={},f=u[h]=n?o.getPixelForDecimal(.5):o.getPixelForValue(i[h]),g=u[c]=n?a.getBasePixel():a.getPixelForValue(i[c]);u.skip=isNaN(f)||isNaN(g),l&&(u.options=r||this.resolveDataElementOptions(d,e.active?"active":s),n&&(u.options.radius=0)),this.updateElement(e,d,u,s)}}resolveDataElementOptions(t,e){const i=this.getParsed(t);let s=super.resolveDataElementOptions(t,e);s.$shared&&(s=Object.assign({},s,{$shared:!1}));const n=s.radius;return"active"!==e&&(s.radius=0),s.radius+=l(i&&i._custom,n),s}},DoughnutController:jn,LineController:class extends Ns{static id="line";static defaults={datasetElementType:"line",dataElementType:"point",showLine:!0,spanGaps:!1};static overrides={scales:{_index_:{type:"category"},_value_:{type:"linear"}}};initialize(){this.enableOptionSharing=!0,this.supportsDecimation=!0,super.initialize()}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,{dataset:i,data:s=[],_dataset:n}=e,o=this.chart._animationsDisabled;let{start:a,count:r}=pt(e,s,o);this._drawStart=a,this._drawCount=r,mt(e)&&(a=0,r=s.length),i._chart=this.chart,i._datasetIndex=this.index,i._decimated=!!n._decimated,i.points=s;const l=this.resolveDatasetElementOptions(t);this.options.showLine||(l.borderWidth=0),l.segment=this.options.segment,this.updateElement(i,void 0,{animated:!o,options:l},t),this.updateElements(s,a,r,t)}updateElements(t,e,i,n){const o="reset"===n,{iScale:a,vScale:r,_stacked:l,_dataset:h}=this._cachedMeta,{sharedOptions:c,includeOptions:d}=this._getSharedOptions(e,n),u=a.axis,f=r.axis,{spanGaps:g,segment:p}=this.options,m=N(g)?g:Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,x=this.chart._animationsDisabled||o||"none"===n,b=e+i,_=t.length;let y=e>0&&this.getParsed(e-1);for(let i=0;i<_;++i){const g=t[i],_=x?g:{};if(i<e||i>=b){_.skip=!0;continue}const v=this.getParsed(i),M=s(v[f]),w=_[u]=a.getPixelForValue(v[u],i),k=_[f]=o||M?r.getBasePixel():r.getPixelForValue(l?this.applyStack(r,v,l):v[f],i);_.skip=isNaN(w)||isNaN(k)||M,_.stop=i>0&&Math.abs(v[u]-y[u])>m,p&&(_.parsed=v,_.raw=h.data[i]),d&&(_.options=c||this.resolveDataElementOptions(i,g.active?"active":n)),x||this.updateElement(g,i,_,n),y=v}}getMaxOverflow(){const t=this._cachedMeta,e=t.dataset,i=e.options&&e.options.borderWidth||0,s=t.data||[];if(!s.length)return i;const n=s[0].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(0)),o=s[s.length-1].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(s.length-1));return Math.max(i,n,o)/2}draw(){const t=this._cachedMeta;t.dataset.updateControlPoints(this.chart.chartArea,t.iScale.axis),super.draw()}},PieController:class extends jn{static id="pie";static defaults={cutout:0,rotation:0,circumference:360,radius:"100%"}},PolarAreaController:$n,RadarController:class extends Ns{static id="radar";static defaults={datasetElementType:"line",dataElementType:"point",indexAxis:"r",showLine:!0,elements:{line:{fill:"start"}}};static overrides={aspectRatio:1,scales:{r:{type:"radialLinear"}}};getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta.vScale,i=this.getParsed(t);return{label:e.getLabels()[t],value:""+e.getLabelForValue(i[e.axis])}}parseObjectData(t,e,i,s){return ii.bind(this)(t,e,i,s)}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=e.dataset,s=e.data||[],n=e.iScale.getLabels();if(i.points=s,"resize"!==t){const e=this.resolveDatasetElementOptions(t);this.options.showLine||(e.borderWidth=0);const o={_loop:!0,_fullLoop:n.length===s.length,options:e};this.updateElement(i,void 0,o,t)}this.updateElements(s,0,s.length,t)}updateElements(t,e,i,s){const n=this._cachedMeta.rScale,o="reset"===s;for(let a=e;a<e+i;a++){const e=t[a],i=this.resolveDataElementOptions(a,e.active?"active":s),r=n.getPointPositionForValue(a,this.getParsed(a).r),l=o?n.xCenter:r.x,h=o?n.yCenter:r.y,c={x:l,y:h,angle:r.angle,skip:isNaN(l)||isNaN(h),options:i};this.updateElement(e,a,c,s)}}},ScatterController:class extends Ns{static id="scatter";static defaults={datasetElementType:!1,dataElementType:"point",showLine:!1,fill:!1};static overrides={interaction:{mode:"point"},scales:{x:{type:"linear"},y:{type:"linear"}}};getLabelAndValue(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,i=this.chart.data.labels||[],{xScale:s,yScale:n}=e,o=this.getParsed(t),a=s.getLabelForValue(o.x),r=n.getLabelForValue(o.y);return{label:i[t]||"",value:"("+a+", "+r+")"}}update(t){const e=this._cachedMeta,{data:i=[]}=e,s=this.chart._animationsDisabled;let{start:n,count:o}=pt(e,i,s);if(this._drawStart=n,this._drawCount=o,mt(e)&&(n=0,o=i.length),this.options.showLine){this.datasetElementType||this.addElements();const{dataset:n,_dataset:o}=e;n._chart=this.chart,n._datasetIndex=this.index,n._decimated=!!o._decimated,n.points=i;const a=this.resolveDatasetElementOptions(t);a.segment=this.options.segment,this.updateElement(n,void 0,{animated:!s,options:a},t)}else this.datasetElementType&&(delete e.dataset,this.datasetElementType=!1);this.updateElements(i,n,o,t)}addElements(){const{showLine:t}=this.options;!this.datasetElementType&&t&&(this.datasetElementType=this.chart.registry.getElement("line")),super.addElements()}updateElements(t,e,i,n){const o="reset"===n,{iScale:a,vScale:r,_stacked:l,_dataset:h}=this._cachedMeta,c=this.resolveDataElementOptions(e,n),d=this.getSharedOptions(c),u=this.includeOptions(n,d),f=a.axis,g=r.axis,{spanGaps:p,segment:m}=this.options,x=N(p)?p:Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,b=this.chart._animationsDisabled||o||"none"===n;let _=e>0&&this.getParsed(e-1);for(let c=e;c<e+i;++c){const e=t[c],i=this.getParsed(c),p=b?e:{},y=s(i[g]),v=p[f]=a.getPixelForValue(i[f],c),M=p[g]=o||y?r.getBasePixel():r.getPixelForValue(l?this.applyStack(r,i,l):i[g],c);p.skip=isNaN(v)||isNaN(M)||y,p.stop=c>0&&Math.abs(i[f]-_[f])>x,m&&(p.parsed=i,p.raw=h.data[c]),u&&(p.options=d||this.resolveDataElementOptions(c,e.active?"active":n)),b||this.updateElement(e,c,p,n),_=i}this.updateSharedOptions(d,n,c)}getMaxOverflow(){const t=this._cachedMeta,e=t.data||[];if(!this.options.showLine){let t=0;for(let i=e.length-1;i>=0;--i)t=Math.max(t,e[i].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(i))/2);return t>0&&t}const i=t.dataset,s=i.options&&i.options.borderWidth||0;if(!e.length)return s;const n=e[0].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(0)),o=e[e.length-1].size(this.resolveDataElementOptions(e.length-1));return Math.max(s,n,o)/2}}});function Un(t,e,i,s){const n=vi(t.options.borderRadius,["outerStart","outerEnd","innerStart","innerEnd"]);const o=(i-e)/2,a=Math.min(o,s*e/2),r=t=>{const e=(i-Math.min(o,t))*s/2;return J(t,0,Math.min(o,e))};return{outerStart:r(n.outerStart),outerEnd:r(n.outerEnd),innerStart:J(n.innerStart,0,a),innerEnd:J(n.innerEnd,0,a)}}function Xn(t,e,i,s){return{x:i+t*Math.cos(e),y:s+t*Math.sin(e)}}function qn(t,e,i,s,n,o){const{x:a,y:r,startAngle:l,pixelMargin:h,innerRadius:c}=e,d=Math.max(e.outerRadius+s+i-h,0),u=c>0?c+s+i+h:0;let f=0;const g=n-l;if(s){const t=((c>0?c-s:0)+(d>0?d-s:0))/2;f=(g-(0!==t?g*t/(t+s):g))/2}const 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Zn(t,e,i){t.lineTo(i.x,i.y)}function Jn(t,e,i={}){const s=t.length,{start:n=0,end:o=s-1}=i,{start:a,end:r}=e,l=Math.max(n,a),h=Math.min(o,r),c=n<a&&o<a||n>r&&o>r;return{count:s,start:l,loop:e.loop,ilen:h<l&&!c?s+h-l:h-l}}function Qn(t,e,i,s){const{points:n,options:o}=e,{count:a,start:r,loop:l,ilen:h}=Jn(n,i,s),c=function(t){return t.stepped?Fe:t.tension||"monotone"===t.cubicInterpolationMode?Ve:Zn}(o);let d,u,f,{move:g=!0,reverse:p}=s||{};for(d=0;d<=h;++d)u=n[(r+(p?h-d:d))%a],u.skip||(g?(t.moveTo(u.x,u.y),g=!1):c(t,f,u,p,o.stepped),f=u);return l&&(u=n[(r+(p?h:0))%a],c(t,f,u,p,o.stepped)),!!l}function to(t,e,i,s){const n=e.points,{count:o,start:a,ilen:r}=Jn(n,i,s),{move:l=!0,reverse:h}=s||{};let c,d,u,f,g,p,m=0,x=0;const b=t=>(a+(h?r-t:t))%o,_=()=>{f!==g&&(t.lineTo(m,g),t.lineTo(m,f),t.lineTo(m,p))};for(l&&(d=n[b(0)],t.moveTo(d.x,d.y)),c=0;c<=r;++c){if(d=n[b(c)],d.skip)continue;const 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descriptors={_scriptable:!0,_indexable:t=>"borderDash"!==t&&"fill"!==t};constructor(t){super(),this.animated=!0,this.options=void 0,this._chart=void 0,this._loop=void 0,this._fullLoop=void 0,this._path=void 0,this._points=void 0,this._segments=void 0,this._decimated=!1,this._pointsUpdated=!1,this._datasetIndex=void 0,t&&Object.assign(this,t)}updateControlPoints(t,e){const i=this.options;if((i.tension||"monotone"===i.cubicInterpolationMode)&&!i.stepped&&!this._pointsUpdated){const s=i.spanGaps?this._loop:this._fullLoop;hi(this._points,i,t,s,e),this._pointsUpdated=!0}}set points(t){this._points=t,delete this._segments,delete this._path,this._pointsUpdated=!1}get points(){return this._points}get segments(){return this._segments||(this._segments=zi(this,this.options.segment))}first(){const t=this.segments,e=this.points;return t.length&&e[t[0].start]}last(){const t=this.segments,e=this.points,i=t.length;return i&&e[t[i-1].end]}interpolate(t,e){const i=this.options,s=t[e],n=this.points,o=Ii(this,{property:e,start:s,end:s});if(!o.length)return;const a=[],r=function(t){return t.stepped?pi:t.tension||"monotone"===t.cubicInterpolationMode?mi:gi}(i);let l,h;for(l=0,h=o.length;l<h;++l){const{start:h,end:c}=o[l],d=n[h],u=n[c];if(d===u){a.push(d);continue}const f=r(d,u,Math.abs((s-d[e])/(u[e]-d[e])),i.stepped);f[e]=t[e],a.push(f)}return 1===a.length?a[0]:a}pathSegment(t,e,i){return eo(this)(t,this,e,i)}path(t,e,i){const s=this.segments,n=eo(this);let o=this._loop;e=e||0,i=i||this.points.length-e;for(const a of s)o&=n(t,this,a,{start:e,end:e+i-1});return!!o}draw(t,e,i,s){const n=this.options||{};(this.points||[]).length&&n.borderWidth&&(t.save(),so(t,this,i,s),t.restore()),this.animated&&(this._pointsUpdated=!1,this._path=void 0)}}function oo(t,e,i,s){const n=t.options,{[i]:o}=t.getProps([i],s);return Math.abs(e-o)<n.radius+n.hitRadius}function ao(t,e){const{x:i,y:s,base:n,width:o,height:a}=t.getProps(["x","y","base","width","height"],e);let r,l,h,c,d;return t.horizontal?(d=a/2,r=Math.min(i,n),l=Math.max(i,n),h=s-d,c=s+d):(d=o/2,r=i-d,l=i+d,h=Math.min(s,n),c=Math.max(s,n)),{left:r,top:h,right:l,bottom:c}}function ro(t,e,i,s){return t?0:J(e,i,s)}function lo(t){const e=ao(t),i=e.right-e.left,s=e.bottom-e.top,n=function(t,e,i){const 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a&&(n||tt(e,a.left,a.right))&&(o||tt(i,a.top,a.bottom))}function co(t,e){t.rect(e.x,e.y,e.w,e.h)}function uo(t,e,i={}){const s=t.x!==i.x?-e:0,n=t.y!==i.y?-e:0,o=(t.x+t.w!==i.x+i.w?e:0)-s,a=(t.y+t.h!==i.y+i.h?e:0)-n;return{x:t.x+s,y:t.y+n,w:t.w+o,h:t.h+a,radius:t.radius}}var fo=Object.freeze({__proto__:null,ArcElement:class extends Hs{static id="arc";static defaults={borderAlign:"center",borderColor:"#fff",borderDash:[],borderDashOffset:0,borderJoinStyle:void 0,borderRadius:0,borderWidth:2,offset:0,spacing:0,angle:void 0,circular:!0};static defaultRoutes={backgroundColor:"backgroundColor"};static descriptors={_scriptable:!0,_indexable:t=>"borderDash"!==t};circumference;endAngle;fullCircles;innerRadius;outerRadius;pixelMargin;startAngle;constructor(t){super(),this.options=void 0,this.circumference=void 0,this.startAngle=void 0,this.endAngle=void 0,this.innerRadius=void 0,this.outerRadius=void 0,this.pixelMargin=0,this.fullCircles=0,t&&Object.assign(this,t)}inRange(t,e,i){const s=this.getProps(["x","y"],i),{angle:n,distance:o}=X(s,{x:t,y:e}),{startAngle:a,endAngle:r,innerRadius:h,outerRadius:c,circumference:d}=this.getProps(["startAngle","endAngle","innerRadius","outerRadius","circumference"],i),u=(this.options.spacing+this.options.borderWidth)/2,f=l(d,r-a),g=Z(n,a,r)&&a!==r,p=f>=O||g,m=tt(o,h+u,c+u);return p&&m}getCenterPoint(t){const{x:e,y:i,startAngle:s,endAngle:n,innerRadius:o,outerRadius:a}=this.getProps(["x","y","startAngle","endAngle","innerRadius","outerRadius"],t),{offset:r,spacing:l}=this.options,h=(s+n)/2,c=(o+a+l+r)/2;return{x:e+Math.cos(h)*c,y:i+Math.sin(h)*c}}tooltipPosition(t){return this.getCenterPoint(t)}draw(t){const{options:e,circumference:i}=this,s=(e.offset||0)/4,n=(e.spacing||0)/2,o=e.circular;if(this.pixelMargin="inner"===e.borderAlign?.33:0,this.fullCircles=i>O?Math.floor(i/O):0,0===i||this.innerRadius<0||this.outerRadius<0)return;t.save();const a=(this.startAngle+this.endAngle)/2;t.translate(Math.cos(a)*s,Math.sin(a)*s);const r=s*(1-Math.sin(Math.min(C,i||0)));t.fillStyle=e.backgroundColor,t.strokeStyle=e.borderColor,function(t,e,i,s,n){const{fullCircles:o,startAngle:a,circumference:r}=e;let l=e.endAngle;if(o){qn(t,e,i,s,l,n);for(let e=0;e<o;++e)t.fill();isNaN(r)||(l=a+(r%O||O))}qn(t,e,i,s,l,n),t.fill()}(t,this,r,n,o),Kn(t,this,r,n,o),t.restore()}},BarElement:class extends Hs{static id="bar";static defaults={borderSkipped:"start",borderWidth:0,borderRadius:0,inflateAmount:"auto",pointStyle:void 0};static defaultRoutes={backgroundColor:"backgroundColor",borderColor:"borderColor"};constructor(t){super(),this.options=void 0,this.horizontal=void 0,this.base=void 0,this.width=void 0,this.height=void 0,this.inflateAmount=void 0,t&&Object.assign(this,t)}draw(t){const{inflateAmount:e,options:{borderColor:i,backgroundColor:s}}=this,{inner:n,outer:o}=lo(this),a=(r=o.radius).topLeft||r.topRight||r.bottomLeft||r.bottomRight?He:co;var 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D=0;for(x&&(u&&M!==a?(i.push({value:a}),M<a&&D++,V(Math.round((M+D*S)*v)/v,a,mo(a,y,t))&&D++):M<a&&D++);D<k;++D){const t=Math.round((M+D*S)*v)/v;if(b&&t>r)break;i.push({value:t})}return b&&u&&w!==r?i.length&&V(i[i.length-1].value,r,mo(r,y,t))?i[i.length-1].value=r:i.push({value:r}):b&&w!==r||i.push({value:w}),i}({maxTicks:i,bounds:t.bounds,min:t.min,max:t.max,precision:e.precision,step:e.stepSize,count:e.count,maxDigits:this._maxDigits(),horizontal:this.isHorizontal(),minRotation:e.minRotation||0,includeBounds:!1!==e.includeBounds},this._range||this);return"ticks"===t.bounds&&j(n,this,"value"),t.reverse?(n.reverse(),this.start=this.max,this.end=this.min):(this.start=this.min,this.end=this.max),n}configure(){const t=this.ticks;let e=this.min,i=this.max;if(super.configure(),this.options.offset&&t.length){const s=(i-e)/Math.max(t.length-1,1)/2;e-=s,i+=s}this._startValue=e,this._endValue=i,this._valueRange=i-e}getLabelForValue(t){return ne(t,this.chart.options.locale,this.options.ticks.format)}}class bo extends xo{static id="linear";static defaults={ticks:{callback:ae.formatters.numeric}};determineDataLimits(){const{min:t,max:e}=this.getMinMax(!0);this.min=a(t)?t:0,this.max=a(e)?e:1,this.handleTickRangeOptions()}computeTickLimit(){const t=this.isHorizontal(),e=t?this.width:this.height,i=$(this.options.ticks.minRotation),s=(t?Math.sin(i):Math.cos(i))||.001,n=this._resolveTickFontOptions(0);return Math.ceil(e/Math.min(40,n.lineHeight/s))}getPixelForValue(t){return null===t?NaN:this.getPixelForDecimal((t-this._startValue)/this._valueRange)}getValueForPixel(t){return this._startValue+this.getDecimalForPixel(t)*this._valueRange}}const _o=t=>Math.floor(z(t)),yo=(t,e)=>Math.pow(10,_o(t)+e);function vo(t){return 1===t/Math.pow(10,_o(t))}function Mo(t,e,i){const s=Math.pow(10,i),n=Math.floor(t/s);return Math.ceil(e/s)-n}function wo(t,{min:e,max:i}){e=r(t.min,e);const s=[],n=_o(e);let o=function(t,e){let i=_o(e-t);for(;Mo(t,e,i)>10;)i++;for(;Mo(t,e,i)<10;)i--;return Math.min(i,_o(t))}(e,i),a=o<0?Math.pow(10,Math.abs(o)):1;const l=Math.pow(10,o),h=n>o?Math.pow(10,n):0,c=Math.round((e-h)*a)/a,d=Math.floor((e-h)/l/10)*l*10;let u=Math.floor((c-d)/Math.pow(10,o)),f=r(t.min,Math.round((h+d+u*Math.pow(10,o))*a)/a);for(;f<i;)s.push({value:f,major:vo(f),significand:u}),u>=10?u=u<15?15:20:u++,u>=20&&(o++,u=2,a=o>=0?1:a),f=Math.round((h+d+u*Math.pow(10,o))*a)/a;const g=r(t.max,f);return s.push({value:g,major:vo(g),significand:u}),s}class ko extends Js{static id="logarithmic";static defaults={ticks:{callback:ae.formatters.logarithmic,major:{enabled:!0}}};constructor(t){super(t),this.start=void 0,this.end=void 0,this._startValue=void 0,this._valueRange=0}parse(t,e){const i=xo.prototype.parse.apply(this,[t,e]);if(0!==i)return a(i)&&i>0?i:null;this._zero=!0}determineDataLimits(){const{min:t,max:e}=this.getMinMax(!0);this.min=a(t)?Math.max(0,t):null,this.max=a(e)?Math.max(0,e):null,this.options.beginAtZero&&(this._zero=!0),this._zero&&this.min!==this._suggestedMin&&!a(this._userMin)&&(this.min=t===yo(this.min,0)?yo(this.min,-1):yo(this.min,0)),this.handleTickRangeOptions()}handleTickRangeOptions(){const{minDefined:t,maxDefined:e}=this.getUserBounds();let i=this.min,s=this.max;const n=e=>i=t?i:e,o=t=>s=e?s:t;i===s&&(i<=0?(n(1),o(10)):(n(yo(i,-1)),o(yo(s,1)))),i<=0&&n(yo(s,-1)),s<=0&&o(yo(i,1)),this.min=i,this.max=s}buildTicks(){const t=this.options,e=wo({min:this._userMin,max:this._userMax},this);return"ticks"===t.bounds&&j(e,this,"value"),t.reverse?(e.reverse(),this.start=this.max,this.end=this.min):(this.start=this.min,this.end=this.max),e}getLabelForValue(t){return void 0===t?"0":ne(t,this.chart.options.locale,this.options.ticks.format)}configure(){const t=this.min;super.configure(),this._startValue=z(t),this._valueRange=z(this.max)-z(t)}getPixelForValue(t){return void 0!==t&&0!==t||(t=this.min),null===t||isNaN(t)?NaN:this.getPixelForDecimal(t===this.min?0:(z(t)-this._startValue)/this._valueRange)}getValueForPixel(t){const e=this.getDecimalForPixel(t);return Math.pow(10,this._startValue+e*this._valueRange)}}function So(t){const e=t.ticks;if(e.display&&t.display){const t=ki(e.backdropPadding);return l(e.font&&e.font.size,ue.font.size)+t.height}return 0}function Po(t,e,i,s,n){return t===s||t===n?{start:e-i/2,end:e+i/2}:t<s||t>n?{start:e-i,end:e}:{start:e,end:e+i}}function Do(t){const e={l:t.left+t._padding.left,r:t.right-t._padding.right,t:t.top+t._padding.top,b:t.bottom-t._padding.bottom},i=Object.assign({},e),s=[],o=[],a=t._pointLabels.length,r=t.options.pointLabels,l=r.centerPointLabels?C/a:0;for(let u=0;u<a;u++){const a=r.setContext(t.getPointLabelContext(u));o[u]=a.padding;const f=t.getPointPosition(u,t.drawingArea+o[u],l),g=Si(a.font),p=(h=t.ctx,c=g,d=n(d=t._pointLabels[u])?d:[d],{w:Oe(h,c.string,d),h:d.length*c.lineHeight});s[u]=p;const m=G(t.getIndexAngle(u)+l),x=Math.round(Y(m));Co(i,e,m,Po(x,f.x,p.w,0,180),Po(x,f.y,p.h,90,270))}var h,c,d;t.setCenterPoint(e.l-i.l,i.r-e.r,e.t-i.t,i.b-e.b),t._pointLabelItems=function(t,e,i){const s=[],n=t._pointLabels.length,o=t.options,{centerPointLabels:a,display:r}=o.pointLabels,l={extra:So(o)/2,additionalAngle:a?C/n:0};let h;for(let o=0;o<n;o++){l.padding=i[o],l.size=e[o];const n=Oo(t,o,l);s.push(n),"auto"===r&&(n.visible=Ao(n,h),n.visible&&(h=n))}return s}(t,s,o)}function Co(t,e,i,s,n){const o=Math.abs(Math.sin(i)),a=Math.abs(Math.cos(i));let r=0,l=0;s.start<e.l?(r=(e.l-s.start)/o,t.l=Math.min(t.l,e.l-r)):s.end>e.r&&(r=(s.end-e.r)/o,t.r=Math.max(t.r,e.r+r)),n.start<e.t?(l=(e.t-n.start)/a,t.t=Math.min(t.t,e.t-l)):n.end>e.b&&(l=(n.end-e.b)/a,t.b=Math.max(t.b,e.b+l))}function Oo(t,e,i){const s=t.drawingArea,{extra:n,additionalAngle:o,padding:a,size:r}=i,l=t.getPointPosition(e,s+n+a,o),h=Math.round(Y(G(l.angle+E))),c=function(t,e,i){90===i||270===i?t-=e/2:(i>270||i<90)&&(t-=e);return t}(l.y,r.h,h),d=function(t){if(0===t||180===t)return"center";if(t<180)return"left";return"right"}(h),u=function(t,e,i){"right"===i?t-=e:"center"===i&&(t-=e/2);return t}(l.x,r.w,d);return{visible:!0,x:l.x,y:c,textAlign:d,left:u,top:c,right:u+r.w,bottom:c+r.h}}function Ao(t,e){if(!e)return!0;const{left:i,top:s,right:n,bottom:o}=t;return!(Re({x:i,y:s},e)||Re({x:i,y:o},e)||Re({x:n,y:s},e)||Re({x:n,y:o},e))}function To(t,e,i){const{left:n,top:o,right:a,bottom:r}=i,{backdropColor:l}=e;if(!s(l)){const i=wi(e.borderRadius),s=ki(e.backdropPadding);t.fillStyle=l;const h=n-s.left,c=o-s.top,d=a-n+s.width,u=r-o+s.height;Object.values(i).some((t=>0!==t))?(t.beginPath(),He(t,{x:h,y:c,w:d,h:u,radius:i}),t.fill()):t.fillRect(h,c,d,u)}}function Lo(t,e,i,s){const{ctx:n}=t;if(i)n.arc(t.xCenter,t.yCenter,e,0,O);else{let i=t.getPointPosition(0,e);n.moveTo(i.x,i.y);for(let o=1;o<s;o++)i=t.getPointPosition(o,e),n.lineTo(i.x,i.y)}}class Eo extends xo{static id="radialLinear";static defaults={display:!0,animate:!0,position:"chartArea",angleLines:{display:!0,lineWidth:1,borderDash:[],borderDashOffset:0},grid:{circular:!1},startAngle:0,ticks:{showLabelBackdrop:!0,callback:ae.formatters.numeric},pointLabels:{backdropColor:void 0,backdropPadding:2,display:!0,font:{size:10},callback:t=>t,padding:5,centerPointLabels:!1}};static defaultRoutes={"angleLines.color":"borderColor","pointLabels.color":"color","ticks.color":"color"};static descriptors={angleLines:{_fallback:"grid"}};constructor(t){super(t),this.xCenter=void 0,this.yCenter=void 0,this.drawingArea=void 0,this._pointLabels=[],this._pointLabelItems=[]}setDimensions(){const t=this._padding=ki(So(this.options)/2),e=this.width=this.maxWidth-t.width,i=this.height=this.maxHeight-t.height;this.xCenter=Math.floor(this.left+e/2+t.left),this.yCenter=Math.floor(this.top+i/2+t.top),this.drawingArea=Math.floor(Math.min(e,i)/2)}determineDataLimits(){const{min:t,max:e}=this.getMinMax(!1);this.min=a(t)&&!isNaN(t)?t:0,this.max=a(e)&&!isNaN(e)?e:0,this.handleTickRangeOptions()}computeTickLimit(){return Math.ceil(this.drawingArea/So(this.options))}generateTickLabels(t){xo.prototype.generateTickLabels.call(this,t),this._pointLabels=this.getLabels().map(((t,e)=>{const i=d(this.options.pointLabels.callback,[t,e],this);return i||0===i?i:""})).filter(((t,e)=>this.chart.getDataVisibility(e)))}fit(){const t=this.options;t.display&&t.pointLabels.display?Do(this):this.setCenterPoint(0,0,0,0)}setCenterPoint(t,e,i,s){this.xCenter+=Math.floor((t-e)/2),this.yCenter+=Math.floor((i-s)/2),this.drawingArea-=Math.min(this.drawingArea/2,Math.max(t,e,i,s))}getIndexAngle(t){return G(t*(O/(this._pointLabels.length||1))+$(this.options.startAngle||0))}getDistanceFromCenterForValue(t){if(s(t))return NaN;const e=this.drawingArea/(this.max-this.min);return this.options.reverse?(this.max-t)*e:(t-this.min)*e}getValueForDistanceFromCenter(t){if(s(t))return NaN;const e=t/(this.drawingArea/(this.max-this.min));return this.options.reverse?this.max-e:this.min+e}getPointLabelContext(t){const e=this._pointLabels||[];if(t>=0&&t<e.length){const i=e[t];return function(t,e,i){return Ci(t,{label:i,index:e,type:"pointLabel"})}(this.getContext(),t,i)}}getPointPosition(t,e,i=0){const s=this.getIndexAngle(t)-E+i;return{x:Math.cos(s)*e+this.xCenter,y:Math.sin(s)*e+this.yCenter,angle:s}}getPointPositionForValue(t,e){return this.getPointPosition(t,this.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(e))}getBasePosition(t){return this.getPointPositionForValue(t||0,this.getBaseValue())}getPointLabelPosition(t){const{left:e,top:i,right:s,bottom:n}=this._pointLabelItems[t];return{left:e,top:i,right:s,bottom:n}}drawBackground(){const{backgroundColor:t,grid:{circular:e}}=this.options;if(t){const i=this.ctx;i.save(),i.beginPath(),Lo(this,this.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(this._endValue),e,this._pointLabels.length),i.closePath(),i.fillStyle=t,i.fill(),i.restore()}}drawGrid(){const t=this.ctx,e=this.options,{angleLines:i,grid:s,border:n}=e,o=this._pointLabels.length;let a,r,l;if(e.pointLabels.display&&function(t,e){const{ctx:i,options:{pointLabels:s}}=t;for(let n=e-1;n>=0;n--){const e=t._pointLabelItems[n];if(!e.visible)continue;const o=s.setContext(t.getPointLabelContext(n));To(i,o,e);const a=Si(o.font),{x:r,y:l,textAlign:h}=e;Ne(i,t._pointLabels[n],r,l+a.lineHeight/2,a,{color:o.color,textAlign:h,textBaseline:"middle"})}}(this,o),s.display&&this.ticks.forEach(((t,e)=>{if(0!==e||0===e&&this.min<0){r=this.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(t.value);const i=this.getContext(e),a=s.setContext(i),l=n.setContext(i);!function(t,e,i,s,n){const o=t.ctx,a=e.circular,{color:r,lineWidth:l}=e;!a&&!s||!r||!l||i<0||(o.save(),o.strokeStyle=r,o.lineWidth=l,o.setLineDash(n.dash),o.lineDashOffset=n.dashOffset,o.beginPath(),Lo(t,i,a,s),o.closePath(),o.stroke(),o.restore())}(this,a,r,o,l)}})),i.display){for(t.save(),a=o-1;a>=0;a--){const s=i.setContext(this.getPointLabelContext(a)),{color:n,lineWidth:o}=s;o&&n&&(t.lineWidth=o,t.strokeStyle=n,t.setLineDash(s.borderDash),t.lineDashOffset=s.borderDashOffset,r=this.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(e.reverse?this.min:this.max),l=this.getPointPosition(a,r),t.beginPath(),t.moveTo(this.xCenter,this.yCenter),t.lineTo(l.x,l.y),t.stroke())}t.restore()}}drawBorder(){}drawLabels(){const t=this.ctx,e=this.options,i=e.ticks;if(!i.display)return;const s=this.getIndexAngle(0);let n,o;t.save(),t.translate(this.xCenter,this.yCenter),t.rotate(s),t.textAlign="center",t.textBaseline="middle",this.ticks.forEach(((s,a)=>{if(0===a&&this.min>=0&&!e.reverse)return;const r=i.setContext(this.getContext(a)),l=Si(r.font);if(n=this.getDistanceFromCenterForValue(this.ticks[a].value),r.showLabelBackdrop){t.font=l.string,o=t.measureText(s.label).width,t.fillStyle=r.backdropColor;const e=ki(r.backdropPadding);t.fillRect(-o/2-e.left,-n-l.size/2-e.top,o+e.width,l.size+e.height)}Ne(t,s.label,0,-n,l,{color:r.color,strokeColor:r.textStrokeColor,strokeWidth:r.textStrokeWidth})})),t.restore()}drawTitle(){}}const Ro={millisecond:{common:!0,size:1,steps:1e3},second:{common:!0,size:1e3,steps:60},minute:{common:!0,size:6e4,steps:60},hour:{common:!0,size:36e5,steps:24},day:{common:!0,size:864e5,steps:30},week:{common:!1,size:6048e5,steps:4},month:{common:!0,size:2628e6,steps:12},quarter:{common:!1,size:7884e6,steps:4},year:{common:!0,size:3154e7}},Io=Object.keys(Ro);function zo(t,e){return t-e}function Fo(t,e){if(s(e))return null;const i=t._adapter,{parser:n,round:o,isoWeekday:r}=t._parseOpts;let l=e;return"function"==typeof n&&(l=n(l)),a(l)||(l="string"==typeof n?i.parse(l,n):i.parse(l)),null===l?null:(o&&(l="week"!==o||!N(r)&&!0!==r?i.startOf(l,o):i.startOf(l,"isoWeek",r)),+l)}function Vo(t,e,i,s){const n=Io.length;for(let o=Io.indexOf(t);o<n-1;++o){const t=Ro[Io[o]],n=t.steps?t.steps:Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;if(t.common&&Math.ceil((i-e)/(n*t.size))<=s)return Io[o]}return Io[n-1]}function Bo(t,e,i){if(i){if(i.length){const{lo:s,hi:n}=et(i,e);t[i[s]>=e?i[s]:i[n]]=!0}}else t[e]=!0}function Wo(t,e,i){const s=[],n={},o=e.length;let a,r;for(a=0;a<o;++a)r=e[a],n[r]=a,s.push({value:r,major:!1});return 0!==o&&i?function(t,e,i,s){const n=t._adapter,o=+n.startOf(e[0].value,s),a=e[e.length-1].value;let r,l;for(r=o;r<=a;r=+n.add(r,1,s))l=i[r],l>=0&&(e[l].major=!0);return e}(t,s,n,i):s}class No extends Js{static id="time";static defaults={bounds:"data",adapters:{},time:{parser:!1,unit:!1,round:!1,isoWeekday:!1,minUnit:"millisecond",displayFormats:{}},ticks:{source:"auto",callback:!1,major:{enabled:!1}}};constructor(t){super(t),this._cache={data:[],labels:[],all:[]},this._unit="day",this._majorUnit=void 0,this._offsets={},this._normalized=!1,this._parseOpts=void 0}init(t,e={}){const i=t.time||(t.time={}),s=this._adapter=new Rn._date(t.adapters.date);s.init(e),b(i.displayFormats,s.formats()),this._parseOpts={parser:i.parser,round:i.round,isoWeekday:i.isoWeekday},super.init(t),this._normalized=e.normalized}parse(t,e){return void 0===t?null:Fo(this,t)}beforeLayout(){super.beforeLayout(),this._cache={data:[],labels:[],all:[]}}determineDataLimits(){const t=this.options,e=this._adapter,i=t.time.unit||"day";let{min:s,max:n,minDefined:o,maxDefined:r}=this.getUserBounds();function l(t){o||isNaN(t.min)||(s=Math.min(s,t.min)),r||isNaN(t.max)||(n=Math.max(n,t.max))}o&&r||(l(this._getLabelBounds()),"ticks"===t.bounds&&"labels"===t.ticks.source||l(this.getMinMax(!1))),s=a(s)&&!isNaN(s)?s:+e.startOf(Date.now(),i),n=a(n)&&!isNaN(n)?n:+e.endOf(Date.now(),i)+1,this.min=Math.min(s,n-1),this.max=Math.max(s+1,n)}_getLabelBounds(){const t=this.getLabelTimestamps();let e=Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY,i=Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;return t.length&&(e=t[0],i=t[t.length-1]),{min:e,max:i}}buildTicks(){const t=this.options,e=t.time,i=t.ticks,s="labels"===i.source?this.getLabelTimestamps():this._generate();"ticks"===t.bounds&&s.length&&(this.min=this._userMin||s[0],this.max=this._userMax||s[s.length-1]);const n=this.min,o=nt(s,n,this.max);return this._unit=e.unit||(i.autoSkip?Vo(e.minUnit,this.min,this.max,this._getLabelCapacity(n)):function(t,e,i,s,n){for(let o=Io.length-1;o>=Io.indexOf(i);o--){const i=Io[o];if(Ro[i].common&&t._adapter.diff(n,s,i)>=e-1)return i}return Io[i?Io.indexOf(i):0]}(this,o.length,e.minUnit,this.min,this.max)),this._majorUnit=i.major.enabled&&"year"!==this._unit?function(t){for(let e=Io.indexOf(t)+1,i=Io.length;e<i;++e)if(Ro[Io[e]].common)return Io[e]}(this._unit):void 0,this.initOffsets(s),t.reverse&&o.reverse(),Wo(this,o,this._majorUnit)}afterAutoSkip(){this.options.offsetAfterAutoskip&&this.initOffsets(this.ticks.map((t=>+t.value)))}initOffsets(t=[]){let 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t.usePointStyle&&(i=Math.min(i,e),s=t.pointStyleWidth||Math.min(s,e)),{boxWidth:s,boxHeight:i,itemHeight:Math.max(e,i)}};class ba extends Hs{constructor(t){super(),this._added=!1,this.legendHitBoxes=[],this._hoveredItem=null,this.doughnutMode=!1,this.chart=t.chart,this.options=t.options,this.ctx=t.ctx,this.legendItems=void 0,this.columnSizes=void 0,this.lineWidths=void 0,this.maxHeight=void 0,this.maxWidth=void 0,this.top=void 0,this.bottom=void 0,this.left=void 0,this.right=void 0,this.height=void 0,this.width=void 0,this._margins=void 0,this.position=void 0,this.weight=void 0,this.fullSize=void 0}update(t,e,i){this.maxWidth=t,this.maxHeight=e,this._margins=i,this.setDimensions(),this.buildLabels(),this.fit()}setDimensions(){this.isHorizontal()?(this.width=this.maxWidth,this.left=this._margins.left,this.right=this.width):(this.height=this.maxHeight,this.top=this._margins.top,this.bottom=this.height)}buildLabels(){const t=this.options.labels||{};let e=d(t.generateLabels,[this.chart],this)||[];t.filter&&(e=e.filter((e=>t.filter(e,this.chart.data)))),t.sort&&(e=e.sort(((e,i)=>t.sort(e,i,this.chart.data)))),this.options.reverse&&e.reverse(),this.legendItems=e}fit(){const{options:t,ctx:e}=this;if(!t.display)return void(this.width=this.height=0);const i=t.labels,s=Si(i.font),n=s.size,o=this._computeTitleHeight(),{boxWidth:a,itemHeight:r}=xa(i,n);let l,h;e.font=s.string,this.isHorizontal()?(l=this.maxWidth,h=this._fitRows(o,n,a,r)+10):(h=this.maxHeight,l=this._fitCols(o,s,a,r)+10),this.width=Math.min(l,t.maxWidth||this.maxWidth),this.height=Math.min(h,t.maxHeight||this.maxHeight)}_fitRows(t,e,i,s){const{ctx:n,maxWidth:o,options:{labels:{padding:a}}}=this,r=this.legendHitBoxes=[],l=this.lineWidths=[0],h=s+a;let c=t;n.textAlign="left",n.textBaseline="middle";let d=-1,u=-h;return this.legendItems.forEach(((t,f)=>{const g=i+e/2+n.measureText(t.text).width;(0===f||l[l.length-1]+g+2*a>o)&&(c+=h,l[l.length-(f>0?0:1)]=0,u+=h,d++),r[f]={left:0,top:u,row:d,width:g,height:s},l[l.length-1]+=g+a})),c}_fitCols(t,e,i,s){const{ctx:n,maxHeight:o,options:{labels:{padding:a}}}=this,r=this.legendHitBoxes=[],l=this.columnSizes=[],h=o-t;let c=a,d=0,u=0,f=0,g=0;return this.legendItems.forEach(((t,o)=>{const{itemWidth:p,itemHeight:m}=function(t,e,i,s,n){const o=function(t,e,i,s){let n=t.text;n&&"string"!=typeof n&&(n=n.reduce(((t,e)=>t.length>e.length?t:e)));return e+i.size/2+s.measureText(n).width}(s,t,e,i),a=function(t,e,i){let s=t;"string"!=typeof e.text&&(s=_a(e,i));return s}(n,s,e.lineHeight);return{itemWidth:o,itemHeight:a}}(i,e,n,t,s);o>0&&u+m+2*a>h&&(c+=d+a,l.push({width:d,height:u}),f+=d+a,g++,d=u=0),r[o]={left:f,top:u,col:g,width:p,height:m},d=Math.max(d,p),u+=m+a})),c+=d,l.push({width:d,height:u}),c}adjustHitBoxes(){if(!this.options.display)return;const t=this._computeTitleHeight(),{legendHitBoxes:e,options:{align:i,labels:{padding:s},rtl:n}}=this,o=Oi(n,this.left,this.width);if(this.isHorizontal()){let n=0,a=ft(i,this.left+s,this.right-this.lineWidths[n]);for(const r of e)n!==r.row&&(n=r.row,a=ft(i,this.left+s,this.right-this.lineWidths[n])),r.top+=this.top+t+s,r.left=o.leftForLtr(o.x(a),r.width),a+=r.width+s}else{let n=0,a=ft(i,this.top+t+s,this.bottom-this.columnSizes[n].height);for(const r of e)r.col!==n&&(n=r.col,a=ft(i,this.top+t+s,this.bottom-this.columnSizes[n].height)),r.top=a,r.left+=this.left+s,r.left=o.leftForLtr(o.x(r.left),r.width),a+=r.height+s}}isHorizontal(){return"top"===this.options.position||"bottom"===this.options.position}draw(){if(this.options.display){const t=this.ctx;Ie(t,this),this._draw(),ze(t)}}_draw(){const{options:t,columnSizes:e,lineWidths:i,ctx:s}=this,{align:n,labels:o}=t,a=ue.color,r=Oi(t.rtl,this.left,this.width),h=Si(o.font),{padding:c}=o,d=h.size,u=d/2;let f;this.drawTitle(),s.textAlign=r.textAlign("left"),s.textBaseline="middle",s.lineWidth=.5,s.font=h.string;const{boxWidth:g,boxHeight:p,itemHeight:m}=xa(o,d),x=this.isHorizontal(),b=this._computeTitleHeight();f=x?{x:ft(n,this.left+c,this.right-i[0]),y:this.top+c+b,line:0}:{x:this.left+c,y:ft(n,this.top+b+c,this.bottom-e[0].height),line:0},Ai(this.ctx,t.textDirection);const _=m+c;this.legendItems.forEach(((y,v)=>{s.strokeStyle=y.fontColor,s.fillStyle=y.fontColor;const M=s.measureText(y.text).width,w=r.textAlign(y.textAlign||(y.textAlign=o.textAlign)),k=g+u+M;let S=f.x,P=f.y;r.setWidth(this.width),x?v>0&&S+k+c>this.right&&(P=f.y+=_,f.line++,S=f.x=ft(n,this.left+c,this.right-i[f.line])):v>0&&P+_>this.bottom&&(S=f.x=S+e[f.line].width+c,f.line++,P=f.y=ft(n,this.top+b+c,this.bottom-e[f.line].height));if(function(t,e,i){if(isNaN(g)||g<=0||isNaN(p)||p<0)return;s.save();const n=l(i.lineWidth,1);if(s.fillStyle=l(i.fillStyle,a),s.lineCap=l(i.lineCap,"butt"),s.lineDashOffset=l(i.lineDashOffset,0),s.lineJoin=l(i.lineJoin,"miter"),s.lineWidth=n,s.strokeStyle=l(i.strokeStyle,a),s.setLineDash(l(i.lineDash,[])),o.usePointStyle){const a={radius:p*Math.SQRT2/2,pointStyle:i.pointStyle,rotation:i.rotation,borderWidth:n},l=r.xPlus(t,g/2);Ee(s,a,l,e+u,o.pointStyleWidth&&g)}else{const o=e+Math.max((d-p)/2,0),a=r.leftForLtr(t,g),l=wi(i.borderRadius);s.beginPath(),Object.values(l).some((t=>0!==t))?He(s,{x:a,y:o,w:g,h:p,radius:l}):s.rect(a,o,g,p),s.fill(),0!==n&&s.stroke()}s.restore()}(r.x(S),P,y),S=gt(w,S+g+u,x?S+k:this.right,t.rtl),function(t,e,i){Ne(s,i.text,t,e+m/2,h,{strikethrough:i.hidden,textAlign:r.textAlign(i.textAlign)})}(r.x(S),P,y),x)f.x+=k+c;else if("string"!=typeof y.text){const t=h.lineHeight;f.y+=_a(y,t)+c}else f.y+=_})),Ti(this.ctx,t.textDirection)}drawTitle(){const t=this.options,e=t.title,i=Si(e.font),s=ki(e.padding);if(!e.display)return;const n=Oi(t.rtl,this.left,this.width),o=this.ctx,a=e.position,r=i.size/2,l=s.top+r;let h,c=this.left,d=this.width;if(this.isHorizontal())d=Math.max(...this.lineWidths),h=this.top+l,c=ft(t.align,c,this.right-d);else{const e=this.columnSizes.reduce(((t,e)=>Math.max(t,e.height)),0);h=l+ft(t.align,this.top,this.bottom-e-t.labels.padding-this._computeTitleHeight())}const u=ft(a,c,c+d);o.textAlign=n.textAlign(ut(a)),o.textBaseline="middle",o.strokeStyle=e.color,o.fillStyle=e.color,o.font=i.string,Ne(o,e.text,u,h,i)}_computeTitleHeight(){const t=this.options.title,e=Si(t.font),i=ki(t.padding);return t.display?e.lineHeight+i.height:0}_getLegendItemAt(t,e){let i,s,n;if(tt(t,this.left,this.right)&&tt(e,this.top,this.bottom))for(n=this.legendHitBoxes,i=0;i<n.length;++i)if(s=n[i],tt(t,s.left,s.left+s.width)&&tt(e,s.top,s.top+s.height))return this.legendItems[i];return null}handleEvent(t){const e=this.options;if(!function(t,e){if(("mousemove"===t||"mouseout"===t)&&(e.onHover||e.onLeave))return!0;if(e.onClick&&("click"===t||"mouseup"===t))return!0;return!1}(t.type,e))return;const i=this._getLegendItemAt(t.x,t.y);if("mousemove"===t.type||"mouseout"===t.type){const o=this._hoveredItem,a=(n=i,null!==(s=o)&&null!==n&&s.datasetIndex===n.datasetIndex&&s.index===n.index);o&&!a&&d(e.onLeave,[t,o,this],this),this._hoveredItem=i,i&&!a&&d(e.onHover,[t,i,this],this)}else i&&d(e.onClick,[t,i,this],this);var s,n}}function _a(t,e){return e*(t.text?t.text.length:0)}var ya={id:"legend",_element:ba,start(t,e,i){const s=t.legend=new ba({ctx:t.ctx,options:i,chart:t});as.configure(t,s,i),as.addBox(t,s)},stop(t){as.removeBox(t,t.legend),delete t.legend},beforeUpdate(t,e,i){const s=t.legend;as.configure(t,s,i),s.options=i},afterUpdate(t){const e=t.legend;e.buildLabels(),e.adjustHitBoxes()},afterEvent(t,e){e.replay||t.legend.handleEvent(e.event)},defaults:{display:!0,position:"top",align:"center",fullSize:!0,reverse:!1,weight:1e3,onClick(t,e,i){const s=e.datasetIndex,n=i.chart;n.isDatasetVisible(s)?(n.hide(s),e.hidden=!0):(n.show(s),e.hidden=!1)},onHover:null,onLeave:null,labels:{color:t=>t.chart.options.color,boxWidth:40,padding:10,generateLabels(t){const e=t.data.datasets,{labels:{usePointStyle:i,pointStyle:s,textAlign:n,color:o,useBorderRadius:a,borderRadius:r}}=t.legend.options;return t._getSortedDatasetMetas().map((t=>{const l=t.controller.getStyle(i?0:void 0),h=ki(l.borderWidth);return{text:e[t.index].label,fillStyle:l.backgroundColor,fontColor:o,hidden:!t.visible,lineCap:l.borderCapStyle,lineDash:l.borderDash,lineDashOffset:l.borderDashOffset,lineJoin:l.borderJoinStyle,lineWidth:(h.width+h.height)/4,strokeStyle:l.borderColor,pointStyle:s||l.pointStyle,rotation:l.rotation,textAlign:n||l.textAlign,borderRadius:a&&(r||l.borderRadius),datasetIndex:t.index}}),this)}},title:{color:t=>t.chart.options.color,display:!1,position:"center",text:""}},descriptors:{_scriptable:t=>!t.startsWith("on"),labels:{_scriptable:t=>!["generateLabels","filter","sort"].includes(t)}}};class va extends Hs{constructor(t){super(),this.chart=t.chart,this.options=t.options,this.ctx=t.ctx,this._padding=void 0,this.top=void 0,this.bottom=void 0,this.left=void 0,this.right=void 0,this.width=void 0,this.height=void 0,this.position=void 0,this.weight=void 0,this.fullSize=void 0}update(t,e){const i=this.options;if(this.left=0,this.top=0,!i.display)return void(this.width=this.height=this.right=this.bottom=0);this.width=this.right=t,this.height=this.bottom=e;const s=n(i.text)?i.text.length:1;this._padding=ki(i.padding);const o=s*Si(i.font).lineHeight+this._padding.height;this.isHorizontal()?this.height=o:this.width=o}isHorizontal(){const t=this.options.position;return"top"===t||"bottom"===t}_drawArgs(t){const{top:e,left:i,bottom:s,right:n,options:o}=this,a=o.align;let r,l,h,c=0;return this.isHorizontal()?(l=ft(a,i,n),h=e+t,r=n-i):("left"===o.position?(l=i+t,h=ft(a,s,e),c=-.5*C):(l=n-t,h=ft(a,e,s),c=.5*C),r=s-e),{titleX:l,titleY:h,maxWidth:r,rotation:c}}draw(){const t=this.ctx,e=this.options;if(!e.display)return;const i=Si(e.font),s=i.lineHeight/2+this._padding.top,{titleX:n,titleY:o,maxWidth:a,rotation:r}=this._drawArgs(s);Ne(t,e.text,0,0,i,{color:e.color,maxWidth:a,rotation:r,textAlign:ut(e.align),textBaseline:"middle",translation:[n,o]})}}var Ma={id:"title",_element:va,start(t,e,i){!function(t,e){const i=new va({ctx:t.ctx,options:e,chart:t});as.configure(t,i,e),as.addBox(t,i),t.titleBlock=i}(t,i)},stop(t){const e=t.titleBlock;as.removeBox(t,e),delete t.titleBlock},beforeUpdate(t,e,i){const s=t.titleBlock;as.configure(t,s,i),s.options=i},defaults:{align:"center",display:!1,font:{weight:"bold"},fullSize:!0,padding:10,position:"top",text:"",weight:2e3},defaultRoutes:{color:"color"},descriptors:{_scriptable:!0,_indexable:!1}};const wa=new WeakMap;var ka={id:"subtitle",start(t,e,i){const s=new va({ctx:t.ctx,options:i,chart:t});as.configure(t,s,i),as.addBox(t,s),wa.set(t,s)},stop(t){as.removeBox(t,wa.get(t)),wa.delete(t)},beforeUpdate(t,e,i){const s=wa.get(t);as.configure(t,s,i),s.options=i},defaults:{align:"center",display:!1,font:{weight:"normal"},fullSize:!0,padding:0,position:"top",text:"",weight:1500},defaultRoutes:{color:"color"},descriptors:{_scriptable:!0,_indexable:!1}};const Sa={average(t){if(!t.length)return!1;let e,i,s=new Set,n=0,o=0;for(e=0,i=t.length;e<i;++e){const i=t[e].element;if(i&&i.hasValue()){const t=i.tooltipPosition();s.add(t.x),n+=t.y,++o}}if(0===o||0===s.size)return!1;return{x:[...s].reduce(((t,e)=>t+e))/s.size,y:n/o}},nearest(t,e){if(!t.length)return!1;let i,s,n,o=e.x,a=e.y,r=Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;for(i=0,s=t.length;i<s;++i){const s=t[i].element;if(s&&s.hasValue()){const t=q(e,s.getCenterPoint());t<r&&(r=t,n=s)}}if(n){const t=n.tooltipPosition();o=t.x,a=t.y}return{x:o,y:a}}};function Pa(t,e){return e&&(n(e)?Array.prototype.push.apply(t,e):t.push(e)),t}function Da(t){return("string"==typeof t||t instanceof String)&&t.indexOf("\n")>-1?t.split("\n"):t}function Ca(t,e){const{element:i,datasetIndex:s,index:n}=e,o=t.getDatasetMeta(s).controller,{label:a,value:r}=o.getLabelAndValue(n);return{chart:t,label:a,parsed:o.getParsed(n),raw:t.data.datasets[s].data[n],formattedValue:r,dataset:o.getDataset(),dataIndex:n,datasetIndex:s,element:i}}function Oa(t,e){const i=t.chart.ctx,{body:s,footer:n,title:o}=t,{boxWidth:a,boxHeight:r}=e,l=Si(e.bodyFont),h=Si(e.titleFont),c=Si(e.footerFont),d=o.length,f=n.length,g=s.length,p=ki(e.padding);let m=p.height,x=0,b=s.reduce(((t,e)=>t+e.before.length+e.lines.length+e.after.length),0);if(b+=t.beforeBody.length+t.afterBody.length,d&&(m+=d*h.lineHeight+(d-1)*e.titleSpacing+e.titleMarginBottom),b){m+=g*(e.displayColors?Math.max(r,l.lineHeight):l.lineHeight)+(b-g)*l.lineHeight+(b-1)*e.bodySpacing}f&&(m+=e.footerMarginTop+f*c.lineHeight+(f-1)*e.footerSpacing);let _=0;const y=function(t){x=Math.max(x,i.measureText(t).width+_)};return i.save(),i.font=h.string,u(t.title,y),i.font=l.string,u(t.beforeBody.concat(t.afterBody),y),_=e.displayColors?a+2+e.boxPadding:0,u(s,(t=>{u(t.before,y),u(t.lines,y),u(t.after,y)})),_=0,i.font=c.string,u(t.footer,y),i.restore(),x+=p.width,{width:x,height:m}}function Aa(t,e,i,s){const{x:n,width:o}=i,{width:a,chartArea:{left:r,right:l}}=t;let h="center";return"center"===s?h=n<=(r+l)/2?"left":"right":n<=o/2?h="left":n>=a-o/2&&(h="right"),function(t,e,i,s){const{x:n,width:o}=s,a=i.caretSize+i.caretPadding;return"left"===t&&n+o+a>e.width||"right"===t&&n-o-a<0||void 0}(h,t,e,i)&&(h="center"),h}function Ta(t,e,i){const s=i.yAlign||e.yAlign||function(t,e){const{y:i,height:s}=e;return i<s/2?"top":i>t.height-s/2?"bottom":"center"}(t,i);return{xAlign:i.xAlign||e.xAlign||Aa(t,e,i,s),yAlign:s}}function La(t,e,i,s){const{caretSize:n,caretPadding:o,cornerRadius:a}=t,{xAlign:r,yAlign:l}=i,h=n+o,{topLeft:c,topRight:d,bottomLeft:u,bottomRight:f}=wi(a);let g=function(t,e){let{x:i,width:s}=t;return"right"===e?i-=s:"center"===e&&(i-=s/2),i}(e,r);const p=function(t,e,i){let{y:s,height:n}=t;return"top"===e?s+=i:s-="bottom"===e?n+i:n/2,s}(e,l,h);return"center"===l?"left"===r?g+=h:"right"===r&&(g-=h):"left"===r?g-=Math.max(c,u)+n:"right"===r&&(g+=Math.max(d,f)+n),{x:J(g,0,s.width-e.width),y:J(p,0,s.height-e.height)}}function Ea(t,e,i){const s=ki(i.padding);return"center"===e?t.x+t.width/2:"right"===e?t.x+t.width-s.right:t.x+s.left}function Ra(t){return Pa([],Da(t))}function Ia(t,e){const i=e&&e.dataset&&e.dataset.tooltip&&e.dataset.tooltip.callbacks;return i?t.override(i):t}const za={beforeTitle:e,title(t){if(t.length>0){const e=t[0],i=e.chart.data.labels,s=i?i.length:0;if(this&&this.options&&"dataset"===this.options.mode)return e.dataset.label||"";if(e.label)return e.label;if(s>0&&e.dataIndex<s)return i[e.dataIndex]}return""},afterTitle:e,beforeBody:e,beforeLabel:e,label(t){if(this&&this.options&&"dataset"===this.options.mode)return t.label+": "+t.formattedValue||t.formattedValue;let e=t.dataset.label||"";e&&(e+=": ");const i=t.formattedValue;return s(i)||(e+=i),e},labelColor(t){const e=t.chart.getDatasetMeta(t.datasetIndex).controller.getStyle(t.dataIndex);return{borderColor:e.borderColor,backgroundColor:e.backgroundColor,borderWidth:e.borderWidth,borderDash:e.borderDash,borderDashOffset:e.borderDashOffset,borderRadius:0}},labelTextColor(){return this.options.bodyColor},labelPointStyle(t){const e=t.chart.getDatasetMeta(t.datasetIndex).controller.getStyle(t.dataIndex);return{pointStyle:e.pointStyle,rotation:e.rotation}},afterLabel:e,afterBody:e,beforeFooter:e,footer:e,afterFooter:e};function Fa(t,e,i,s){const n=t[e].call(i,s);return void 0===n?za[e].call(i,s):n}class Va extends Hs{static positioners=Sa;constructor(t){super(),this.opacity=0,this._active=[],this._eventPosition=void 0,this._size=void 0,this._cachedAnimations=void 0,this._tooltipItems=[],this.$animations=void 0,this.$context=void 0,this.chart=t.chart,this.options=t.options,this.dataPoints=void 0,this.title=void 0,this.beforeBody=void 0,this.body=void 0,this.afterBody=void 0,this.footer=void 0,this.xAlign=void 0,this.yAlign=void 0,this.x=void 0,this.y=void 0,this.height=void 0,this.width=void 0,this.caretX=void 0,this.caretY=void 0,this.labelColors=void 0,this.labelPointStyles=void 0,this.labelTextColors=void 0}initialize(t){this.options=t,this._cachedAnimations=void 0,this.$context=void 0}_resolveAnimations(){const t=this._cachedAnimations;if(t)return t;const e=this.chart,i=this.options.setContext(this.getContext()),s=i.enabled&&e.options.animation&&i.animations,n=new Os(this.chart,s);return s._cacheable&&(this._cachedAnimations=Object.freeze(n)),n}getContext(){return this.$context||(this.$context=(t=this.chart.getContext(),e=this,i=this._tooltipItems,Ci(t,{tooltip:e,tooltipItems:i,type:"tooltip"})));var t,e,i}getTitle(t,e){const{callbacks:i}=e,s=Fa(i,"beforeTitle",this,t),n=Fa(i,"title",this,t),o=Fa(i,"afterTitle",this,t);let a=[];return a=Pa(a,Da(s)),a=Pa(a,Da(n)),a=Pa(a,Da(o)),a}getBeforeBody(t,e){return Ra(Fa(e.callbacks,"beforeBody",this,t))}getBody(t,e){const{callbacks:i}=e,s=[];return u(t,(t=>{const e={before:[],lines:[],after:[]},n=Ia(i,t);Pa(e.before,Da(Fa(n,"beforeLabel",this,t))),Pa(e.lines,Fa(n,"label",this,t)),Pa(e.after,Da(Fa(n,"afterLabel",this,t))),s.push(e)})),s}getAfterBody(t,e){return Ra(Fa(e.callbacks,"afterBody",this,t))}getFooter(t,e){const{callbacks:i}=e,s=Fa(i,"beforeFooter",this,t),n=Fa(i,"footer",this,t),o=Fa(i,"afterFooter",this,t);let a=[];return a=Pa(a,Da(s)),a=Pa(a,Da(n)),a=Pa(a,Da(o)),a}_createItems(t){const e=this._active,i=this.chart.data,s=[],n=[],o=[];let a,r,l=[];for(a=0,r=e.length;a<r;++a)l.push(Ca(this.chart,e[a]));return t.filter&&(l=l.filter(((e,s,n)=>t.filter(e,s,n,i)))),t.itemSort&&(l=l.sort(((e,s)=>t.itemSort(e,s,i)))),u(l,(e=>{const i=Ia(t.callbacks,e);s.push(Fa(i,"labelColor",this,e)),n.push(Fa(i,"labelPointStyle",this,e)),o.push(Fa(i,"labelTextColor",this,e))})),this.labelColors=s,this.labelPointStyles=n,this.labelTextColors=o,this.dataPoints=l,l}update(t,e){const i=this.options.setContext(this.getContext()),s=this._active;let n,o=[];if(s.length){const t=Sa[i.position].call(this,s,this._eventPosition);o=this._createItems(i),this.title=this.getTitle(o,i),this.beforeBody=this.getBeforeBody(o,i),this.body=this.getBody(o,i),this.afterBody=this.getAfterBody(o,i),this.footer=this.getFooter(o,i);const e=this._size=Oa(this,i),a=Object.assign({},t,e),r=Ta(this.chart,i,a),l=La(i,a,r,this.chart);this.xAlign=r.xAlign,this.yAlign=r.yAlign,n={opacity:1,x:l.x,y:l.y,width:e.width,height:e.height,caretX:t.x,caretY:t.y}}else 0!==this.opacity&&(n={opacity:0});this._tooltipItems=o,this.$context=void 0,n&&this._resolveAnimations().update(this,n),t&&i.external&&i.external.call(this,{chart:this.chart,tooltip:this,replay:e})}drawCaret(t,e,i,s){const n=this.getCaretPosition(t,i,s);e.lineTo(n.x1,n.y1),e.lineTo(n.x2,n.y2),e.lineTo(n.x3,n.y3)}getCaretPosition(t,e,i){const{xAlign:s,yAlign:n}=this,{caretSize:o,cornerRadius:a}=i,{topLeft:r,topRight:l,bottomLeft:h,bottomRight:c}=wi(a),{x:d,y:u}=t,{width:f,height:g}=e;let p,m,x,b,_,y;return"center"===n?(_=u+g/2,"left"===s?(p=d,m=p-o,b=_+o,y=_-o):(p=d+f,m=p+o,b=_-o,y=_+o),x=p):(m="left"===s?d+Math.max(r,h)+o:"right"===s?d+f-Math.max(l,c)-o:this.caretX,"top"===n?(b=u,_=b-o,p=m-o,x=m+o):(b=u+g,_=b+o,p=m+o,x=m-o),y=b),{x1:p,x2:m,x3:x,y1:b,y2:_,y3:y}}drawTitle(t,e,i){const s=this.title,n=s.length;let o,a,r;if(n){const l=Oi(i.rtl,this.x,this.width);for(t.x=Ea(this,i.titleAlign,i),e.textAlign=l.textAlign(i.titleAlign),e.textBaseline="middle",o=Si(i.titleFont),a=i.titleSpacing,e.fillStyle=i.titleColor,e.font=o.string,r=0;r<n;++r)e.fillText(s[r],l.x(t.x),t.y+o.lineHeight/2),t.y+=o.lineHeight+a,r+1===n&&(t.y+=i.titleMarginBottom-a)}}_drawColorBox(t,e,i,s,n){const a=this.labelColors[i],r=this.labelPointStyles[i],{boxHeight:l,boxWidth:h}=n,c=Si(n.bodyFont),d=Ea(this,"left",n),u=s.x(d),f=l<c.lineHeight?(c.lineHeight-l)/2:0,g=e.y+f;if(n.usePointStyle){const e={radius:Math.min(h,l)/2,pointStyle:r.pointStyle,rotation:r.rotation,borderWidth:1},i=s.leftForLtr(u,h)+h/2,o=g+l/2;t.strokeStyle=n.multiKeyBackground,t.fillStyle=n.multiKeyBackground,Le(t,e,i,o),t.strokeStyle=a.borderColor,t.fillStyle=a.backgroundColor,Le(t,e,i,o)}else{t.lineWidth=o(a.borderWidth)?Math.max(...Object.values(a.borderWidth)):a.borderWidth||1,t.strokeStyle=a.borderColor,t.setLineDash(a.borderDash||[]),t.lineDashOffset=a.borderDashOffset||0;const e=s.leftForLtr(u,h),i=s.leftForLtr(s.xPlus(u,1),h-2),r=wi(a.borderRadius);Object.values(r).some((t=>0!==t))?(t.beginPath(),t.fillStyle=n.multiKeyBackground,He(t,{x:e,y:g,w:h,h:l,radius:r}),t.fill(),t.stroke(),t.fillStyle=a.backgroundColor,t.beginPath(),He(t,{x:i,y:g+1,w:h-2,h:l-2,radius:r}),t.fill()):(t.fillStyle=n.multiKeyBackground,t.fillRect(e,g,h,l),t.strokeRect(e,g,h,l),t.fillStyle=a.backgroundColor,t.fillRect(i,g+1,h-2,l-2))}t.fillStyle=this.labelTextColors[i]}drawBody(t,e,i){const{body:s}=this,{bodySpacing:n,bodyAlign:o,displayColors:a,boxHeight:r,boxWidth:l,boxPadding:h}=i,c=Si(i.bodyFont);let d=c.lineHeight,f=0;const g=Oi(i.rtl,this.x,this.width),p=function(i){e.fillText(i,g.x(t.x+f),t.y+d/2),t.y+=d+n},m=g.textAlign(o);let x,b,_,y,v,M,w;for(e.textAlign=o,e.textBaseline="middle",e.font=c.string,t.x=Ea(this,m,i),e.fillStyle=i.bodyColor,u(this.beforeBody,p),f=a&&"right"!==m?"center"===o?l/2+h:l+2+h:0,y=0,M=s.length;y<M;++y){for(x=s[y],b=this.labelTextColors[y],e.fillStyle=b,u(x.before,p),_=x.lines,a&&_.length&&(this._drawColorBox(e,t,y,g,i),d=Math.max(c.lineHeight,r)),v=0,w=_.length;v<w;++v)p(_[v]),d=c.lineHeight;u(x.after,p)}f=0,d=c.lineHeight,u(this.afterBody,p),t.y-=n}drawFooter(t,e,i){const s=this.footer,n=s.length;let o,a;if(n){const r=Oi(i.rtl,this.x,this.width);for(t.x=Ea(this,i.footerAlign,i),t.y+=i.footerMarginTop,e.textAlign=r.textAlign(i.footerAlign),e.textBaseline="middle",o=Si(i.footerFont),e.fillStyle=i.footerColor,e.font=o.string,a=0;a<n;++a)e.fillText(s[a],r.x(t.x),t.y+o.lineHeight/2),t.y+=o.lineHeight+i.footerSpacing}}drawBackground(t,e,i,s){const{xAlign:n,yAlign:o}=this,{x:a,y:r}=t,{width:l,height:h}=i,{topLeft:c,topRight:d,bottomLeft:u,bottomRight:f}=wi(s.cornerRadius);e.fillStyle=s.backgroundColor,e.strokeStyle=s.borderColor,e.lineWidth=s.borderWidth,e.beginPath(),e.moveTo(a+c,r),"top"===o&&this.drawCaret(t,e,i,s),e.lineTo(a+l-d,r),e.quadraticCurveTo(a+l,r,a+l,r+d),"center"===o&&"right"===n&&this.drawCaret(t,e,i,s),e.lineTo(a+l,r+h-f),e.quadraticCurveTo(a+l,r+h,a+l-f,r+h),"bottom"===o&&this.drawCaret(t,e,i,s),e.lineTo(a+u,r+h),e.quadraticCurveTo(a,r+h,a,r+h-u),"center"===o&&"left"===n&&this.drawCaret(t,e,i,s),e.lineTo(a,r+c),e.quadraticCurveTo(a,r,a+c,r),e.closePath(),e.fill(),s.borderWidth>0&&e.stroke()}_updateAnimationTarget(t){const e=this.chart,i=this.$animations,s=i&&i.x,n=i&&i.y;if(s||n){const i=Sa[t.position].call(this,this._active,this._eventPosition);if(!i)return;const o=this._size=Oa(this,t),a=Object.assign({},i,this._size),r=Ta(e,t,a),l=La(t,a,r,e);s._to===l.x&&n._to===l.y||(this.xAlign=r.xAlign,this.yAlign=r.yAlign,this.width=o.width,this.height=o.height,this.caretX=i.x,this.caretY=i.y,this._resolveAnimations().update(this,l))}}_willRender(){return!!this.opacity}draw(t){const e=this.options.setContext(this.getContext());let i=this.opacity;if(!i)return;this._updateAnimationTarget(e);const s={width:this.width,height:this.height},n={x:this.x,y:this.y};i=Math.abs(i)<.001?0:i;const o=ki(e.padding),a=this.title.length||this.beforeBody.length||this.body.length||this.afterBody.length||this.footer.length;e.enabled&&a&&(t.save(),t.globalAlpha=i,this.drawBackground(n,t,s,e),Ai(t,e.textDirection),n.y+=o.top,this.drawTitle(n,t,e),this.drawBody(n,t,e),this.drawFooter(n,t,e),Ti(t,e.textDirection),t.restore())}getActiveElements(){return this._active||[]}setActiveElements(t,e){const i=this._active,s=t.map((({datasetIndex:t,index:e})=>{const i=this.chart.getDatasetMeta(t);if(!i)throw new Error("Cannot find a dataset at index "+t);return{datasetIndex:t,element:i.data[e],index:e}})),n=!f(i,s),o=this._positionChanged(s,e);(n||o)&&(this._active=s,this._eventPosition=e,this._ignoreReplayEvents=!0,this.update(!0))}handleEvent(t,e,i=!0){if(e&&this._ignoreReplayEvents)return!1;this._ignoreReplayEvents=!1;const s=this.options,n=this._active||[],o=this._getActiveElements(t,n,e,i),a=this._positionChanged(o,t),r=e||!f(o,n)||a;return r&&(this._active=o,(s.enabled||s.external)&&(this._eventPosition={x:t.x,y:t.y},this.update(!0,e))),r}_getActiveElements(t,e,i,s){const n=this.options;if("mouseout"===t.type)return[];if(!s)return e.filter((t=>this.chart.data.datasets[t.datasetIndex]&&void 0!==this.chart.getDatasetMeta(t.datasetIndex).controller.getParsed(t.index)));const o=this.chart.getElementsAtEventForMode(t,n.mode,n,i);return n.reverse&&o.reverse(),o}_positionChanged(t,e){const{caretX:i,caretY:s,options:n}=this,o=Sa[n.position].call(this,t,e);return!1!==o&&(i!==o.x||s!==o.y)}}var Ba={id:"tooltip",_element:Va,positioners:Sa,afterInit(t,e,i){i&&(t.tooltip=new Va({chart:t,options:i}))},beforeUpdate(t,e,i){t.tooltip&&t.tooltip.initialize(i)},reset(t,e,i){t.tooltip&&t.tooltip.initialize(i)},afterDraw(t){const e=t.tooltip;if(e&&e._willRender()){const i={tooltip:e};if(!1===t.notifyPlugins("beforeTooltipDraw",{...i,cancelable:!0}))return;e.draw(t.ctx),t.notifyPlugins("afterTooltipDraw",i)}},afterEvent(t,e){if(t.tooltip){const i=e.replay;t.tooltip.handleEvent(e.event,i,e.inChartArea)&&(e.changed=!0)}},defaults:{enabled:!0,external:null,position:"average",backgroundColor:"rgba(0,0,0,0.8)",titleColor:"#fff",titleFont:{weight:"bold"},titleSpacing:2,titleMarginBottom:6,titleAlign:"left",bodyColor:"#fff",bodySpacing:2,bodyFont:{},bodyAlign:"left",footerColor:"#fff",footerSpacing:2,footerMarginTop:6,footerFont:{weight:"bold"},footerAlign:"left",padding:6,caretPadding:2,caretSize:5,cornerRadius:6,boxHeight:(t,e)=>e.bodyFont.size,boxWidth:(t,e)=>e.bodyFont.size,multiKeyBackground:"#fff",displayColors:!0,boxPadding:0,borderColor:"rgba(0,0,0,0)",borderWidth:0,animation:{duration:400,easing:"easeOutQuart"},animations:{numbers:{type:"number",properties:["x","y","width","height","caretX","caretY"]},opacity:{easing:"linear",duration:200}},callbacks:za},defaultRoutes:{bodyFont:"font",footerFont:"font",titleFont:"font"},descriptors:{_scriptable:t=>"filter"!==t&&"itemSort"!==t&&"external"!==t,_indexable:!1,callbacks:{_scriptable:!1,_indexable:!1},animation:{_fallback:!1},animations:{_fallback:"animation"}},additionalOptionScopes:["interaction"]};return An.register(Yn,jo,fo,t),An.helpers={...Wi},An._adapters=Rn,An.Animation=Cs,An.Animations=Os,An.animator=bt,An.controllers=en.controllers.items,An.DatasetController=Ns,An.Element=Hs,An.elements=fo,An.Interaction=Xi,An.layouts=as,An.platforms=Ss,An.Scale=Js,An.Ticks=ae,Object.assign(An,Yn,jo,fo,t,Ss),An.Chart=An,"undefined"!=typeof window&&(window.Chart=An),An}));
+//# sourceMappingURL=chart.umd.js.map
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c13f8788b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 */
+/* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors */
+
+:root {
+  --bg: #ffffff;
+  --fg: #1a1a1a;
+  --muted: #6b6b6b;
+  --accent: #2563eb;
+  --border: #e4e4e7;
+  --card-bg: #fafafa;
+  --code-bg: #f3f4f6;
+}
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root {
+    --bg: #0f1115;
+    --fg: #e6e6e6;
+    --muted: #a1a1aa;
+    --accent: #60a5fa;
+    --border: #27272a;
+    --card-bg: #16181d;
+    --code-bg: #1f2229;
+  }
+}
+
+* {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html, body {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto,
+    "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
+  font-size: 15px;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: var(--accent);
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.page-header {
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+  padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
+}
+
+.page-header h1 {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+
+.page-header h1 a {
+  color: var(--fg);
+}
+
+.page-header .subtitle {
+  margin: 0.25rem 0 0;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+}
+
+main {
+  max-width: 1100px;
+  margin: 0 auto;
+  padding: 1.5rem;
+}
+
+.empty {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+
+.group {
+  margin-bottom: 2rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--card-bg);
+  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.group h2 {
+  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--fg);
+}
+
+.charts {
+  list-style: none;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.charts li {
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.charts a {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+}
+
+.chart-meta {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+}
+
+.chart-meta code {
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  padding: 0.1rem 0.35rem;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+  font-size: 0.85em;
+}
+
+.chart-wrap {
+  position: relative;
+  height: 480px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--card-bg);
+  padding: 1rem;
+}
+
+.chart-wrap canvas {
+  width: 100% !important;
+  height: 100% !important;
+}
+
+.no-script {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4192756e172
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+expression: body
+---
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 1 commit</p><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas id="chart"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34873e5eb89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+expression: body
+---
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><section class="group"><h2>tpch sf=1 [nvme]</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Compression</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Compression Size</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Random Access</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>cohere-large-10m / partitioned</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></li></ul></section></main></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4bed7a35271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Integration tests for the web-ui HTML routes.
+//!
+//! Builds a temp DuckDB via the same `/api/ingest` path real callers use,
+//! seeds it with a multi-commit fixture so chart series have more than one
+//! point, then snapshots the rendered HTML for both routes plus a chart slug
+//! round-trip.
+
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use serde_json::json;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use tokio::net::TcpListener;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+use vortex_bench_server::app::AppState;
+use vortex_bench_server::app::router;
+
+const TOKEN: &str = "test-bearer-token";
+
+struct Server {
+    addr: SocketAddr,
+    _tmp: TempDir,
+    handle: JoinHandle<()>,
+}
+
+impl Server {
+    async fn start() -> Result<Self> {
+        let tmp = TempDir::new()?;
+        let db_path = tmp.path().join("bench.duckdb");
+        let state = AppState::open(&db_path, TOKEN.to_string())?;
+        let app = router(state);
+
+        let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").await?;
+        let addr = listener.local_addr()?;
+        let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            axum::serve(listener, app).await.unwrap();
+        });
+        Ok(Self {
+            addr,
+            _tmp: tmp,
+            handle,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn url(&self, path: &str) -> String {
+        format!("http://{}{}", self.addr, path)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Server {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        self.handle.abort();
+    }
+}
+
+/// Three synthetic commits, oldest first. Picked so the rendered output has
+/// short SHAs that are visually distinct in snapshots.
+fn commits() -> &'static [(&'static str, &'static str, &'static str)] {
+    &[
+        (
+            "1111111111111111111111111111111111111111",
+            "2026-04-23T12:00:00Z",
+            "first commit",
+        ),
+        (
+            "2222222222222222222222222222222222222222",
+            "2026-04-24T12:00:00Z",
+            "second commit",
+        ),
+        (
+            "3333333333333333333333333333333333333333",
+            "2026-04-25T12:00:00Z",
+            "third commit",
+        ),
+    ]
+}
+
+/// Build a fixture envelope for one commit; `value_bias` is added to each
+/// numeric measurement so successive commits produce a non-flat time series.
+fn envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, value_bias: i64) -> Value {
+    json!({
+        "run_meta": {
+            "benchmark_id": "web-ui-fixture",
+            "schema_version": 1,
+            "started_at": ts
+        },
+        "commit": {
+            "sha": sha,
+            "timestamp": ts,
+            "message": msg,
+            "author_name": "Test Author",
+            "author_email": "author@example.com",
+            "committer_name": "Test Committer",
+            "committer_email": "committer@example.com",
+            "tree_sha": "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba98",
+            "url": format!("https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/{sha}")
+        },
+        "records": [
+            {
+                "kind": "query_measurement",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch",
+                "scale_factor": "1",
+                "query_idx": 1,
+                "storage": "nvme",
+                "engine": "datafusion",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "value_ns": 1_000_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [1_000_000 + value_bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "query_measurement",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch",
+                "scale_factor": "1",
+                "query_idx": 1,
+                "storage": "nvme",
+                "engine": "duckdb",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "value_ns": 800_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [800_000 + value_bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "op": "encode",
+                "value_ns": 9_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [9_000 + value_bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_size",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "value_bytes": 4_000 + value_bias
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "random_access_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "taxi",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "value_ns": 500 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [500 + value_bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "vector_search_run",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "cohere-large-10m",
+                "layout": "partitioned",
+                "flavor": "vortex-turboquant",
+                "threshold": 0.75,
+                "value_ns": 7_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [7_000 + value_bias],
+                "matches": 42,
+                "rows_scanned": 1_000_000,
+                "bytes_scanned": 5_000_000,
+                "iterations": 1
+            }
+        ]
+    })
+}
+
+async fn seed(server: &Server) -> Result<()> {
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    for (i, (sha, ts, msg)) in commits().iter().enumerate() {
+        let bias = (i as i64) * 50_000;
+        let resp = client
+            .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+            .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+            .json(&envelope_for(sha, ts, msg, bias))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            resp.status().is_success(),
+            "seed ingest #{i} failed: {}",
+            resp.status()
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn insta_settings() -> insta::Settings {
+    let mut s = insta::Settings::clone_current();
+    s.set_snapshot_path("snapshots");
+    s.set_prepend_module_to_snapshot(false);
+    s
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let content_type = resp
+        .headers()
+        .get(reqwest::header::CONTENT_TYPE)
+        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+        .unwrap_or("");
+    assert!(
+        content_type.starts_with("text/html"),
+        "expected text/html, got {content_type:?}"
+    );
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+
+    insta_settings().bind(|| {
+        insta::assert_snapshot!("landing_page", body);
+    });
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    // Pick the query_measurements chart: it has two series (engine:format
+    // combinations) so the snapshot exercises multi-series rendering.
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slug = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| {
+            g["name"]
+                .as_str()
+                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
+        .and_then(|c| c.first())
+        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
+        .context("tpch chart slug")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"<script id="chart-data" type="application/json">"#),
+        "chart payload must be embedded inline"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chart.umd.js""#),
+        "Chart.js must be referenced from the static asset route"
+    );
+
+    insta_settings().bind(|| {
+        insta::assert_snapshot!("chart_page_query", body);
+    });
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_page_round_trips_every_slug() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slugs: Vec<String> = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .flat_map(|g| g["charts"].as_array().cloned().unwrap_or_default())
+        .filter_map(|c| c["slug"].as_str().map(str::to_string))
+        .collect();
+    anyhow::ensure!(!slugs.is_empty(), "expected at least one chart slug");
+
+    for slug in &slugs {
+        let resp = client
+            .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}")))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert_eq!(
+            resp.status(),
+            200,
+            "chart page for slug {slug} should be 200"
+        );
+        let body = resp.text().await?;
+        assert!(
+            body.contains(r#"id="chart-data""#),
+            "missing inline chart data for slug {slug}"
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unknown_slug_renders_404() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/chart/qm.aGVsbG8")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 404);
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+    assert!(body.contains("chart not found"));
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn empty_landing_page_renders() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+    assert!(body.contains("No data ingested yet"));
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn static_assets_are_served() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    for (path, ct_prefix) in [
+        ("/static/chart.umd.js", "application/javascript"),
+        ("/static/chart-init.js", "application/javascript"),
+        ("/static/style.css", "text/css"),
+    ] {
+        let resp = client.get(server.url(path)).send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200, "GET {path} should be 200");
+        let ct = resp
+            .headers()
+            .get(reqwest::header::CONTENT_TYPE)
+            .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .to_string();
+        assert!(
+            ct.starts_with(ct_prefix),
+            "GET {path}: content-type {ct:?} should start with {ct_prefix:?}"
+        );
+        let bytes = resp.bytes().await?;
+        assert!(!bytes.is_empty(), "GET {path}: body must not be empty");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

From 69882660a40ce7130055495068889342a7fbf798 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 09:58:36 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 07/26] [claude] fix(benchmarks-server): include commit_sha in
 measurement_id hash (#7642)

Without commit_sha in the hash input, every (dim tuple) collapses to one
row across commits via INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE, so the chart
pages render at most one point per series. Adding commit_sha to the
per-table hashers makes each (commit, dim) pair its own row, which is
the time series the UI is built around. Re-emission of the same (commit,
dim) is still the upsert case.

The web-ui chart_page_query snapshot now correctly shows three commits
with three points per series, matching the test fixture.

No public API change; measurement_id is server-internal.

<!--
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effort.

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## Summary

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1. Explain the rationale for this change.
2. Summarize the changes included in this PR.

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Closes: #000

<!--
## API Changes

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Consider whether the change affects users in one of the following ways:

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2. Changes the underlying behavior of one of the engine integrations.
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Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md      | 22 ++++++++++++-------
 benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs           | 19 +++++++++++-----
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |  3 ++-
 3 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
index 8ddf71e2739..b74d0bb9a92 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@ migration framework; those are deferred (see
    columns. Adding a nullable column is cheap; the readability win
    is worth it.
 4. **Hashed primary key per table.** Each fact table has a
-   `measurement_id` that is a deterministic 64-bit hash of that
-   table's dimensional tuple. Server-internal; not on the wire.
+   `measurement_id` that is a deterministic 64-bit hash of
+   `commit_sha` plus that table's dimensional tuple. Including
+   `commit_sha` makes every (commit, dim) pair a distinct row -
+   that's what the chart pages render as a time series.
+   Server-internal; not on the wire.
 5. **`commits` is the only dim table.** Engine, format, dataset,
    etc. stay as inline strings; DuckDB's dictionary encoding makes
    a lookup table pointless.
@@ -184,12 +187,15 @@ on read.
 
 ## `measurement_id` hash
 
-Per-table xxhash64 over each table's dimensional tuple. The hash is
-**server-internal** - the wire never carries it. The server's INSERT
-path computes it before each `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE`,
-which gives idempotent upsert on re-emission of the same dim tuple.
-Encoding details (input order, NULL handling, byte layout) are the
-server's call, since the value never crosses a process boundary.
+Per-table xxhash64 over `commit_sha` plus that table's dimensional
+tuple. Including `commit_sha` makes every (commit, dim) pair a
+distinct row, which is what the chart pages render as a time
+series. The hash is **server-internal** - the wire never carries
+it. The server's INSERT path computes it before each
+`INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE`, which gives idempotent upsert
+on re-emission of the same (commit, dim) pair. Encoding details
+(input order, NULL handling, byte layout) are the server's call,
+since the value never crosses a process boundary.
 
 When the historical migrator lands (deferred), it reuses the
 server's hash function via a shared crate.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
index eaba3f02a2e..1233098572c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/db.rs
@@ -7,9 +7,12 @@
 //! [`tokio::sync::Mutex`]. All DB work runs inside `spawn_blocking` so the
 //! Tokio runtime is never blocked on synchronous DuckDB calls.
 //!
-//! `measurement_id` is a server-internal xxhash64 over each table's
-//! dimensional tuple. The hash never crosses a process boundary, so the
-//! exact byte layout below is private to this server.
+//! `measurement_id` is a server-internal xxhash64 over `commit_sha` plus
+//! each table's dimensional tuple. Including `commit_sha` makes every
+//! (commit, dim) pair a distinct row, which is what the chart pages render
+//! as a time series; re-ingest of the same pair is the upsert case. The
+//! hash never crosses a process boundary, so the exact byte layout below
+//! is private to this server.
 
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -99,10 +102,12 @@ fn hasher_for(tag: &'static str) -> XxHash64 {
     h
 }
 
-/// Hash for `query_measurements` rows. Matches the dim columns marked NOT NULL
-/// in `01-schema.md` plus the optional dimensions that distinguish rows.
+/// Hash for `query_measurements` rows. Includes `commit_sha` so each
+/// (commit, dim tuple) pair gets a distinct row; re-emission of the same
+/// pair is the upsert case.
 pub fn measurement_id_query(r: &QueryMeasurement) -> i64 {
     let mut h = hasher_for("query_measurements");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.commit_sha);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
     write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
     write_opt_str(&mut h, r.scale_factor.as_deref());
@@ -116,6 +121,7 @@ pub fn measurement_id_query(r: &QueryMeasurement) -> i64 {
 /// Hash for `compression_times` rows.
 pub fn measurement_id_compression_time(r: &CompressionTime) -> i64 {
     let mut h = hasher_for("compression_times");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.commit_sha);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
     write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
     write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
@@ -126,6 +132,7 @@ pub fn measurement_id_compression_time(r: &CompressionTime) -> i64 {
 /// Hash for `compression_sizes` rows.
 pub fn measurement_id_compression_size(r: &CompressionSize) -> i64 {
     let mut h = hasher_for("compression_sizes");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.commit_sha);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
     write_opt_str(&mut h, r.dataset_variant.as_deref());
     write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
@@ -135,6 +142,7 @@ pub fn measurement_id_compression_size(r: &CompressionSize) -> i64 {
 /// Hash for `random_access_times` rows.
 pub fn measurement_id_random_access(r: &RandomAccessTime) -> i64 {
     let mut h = hasher_for("random_access_times");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.commit_sha);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.format);
     finish(h)
@@ -144,6 +152,7 @@ pub fn measurement_id_random_access(r: &RandomAccessTime) -> i64 {
 /// of the dim tuple per `01-schema.md`.
 pub fn measurement_id_vector_search(r: &VectorSearchRun) -> i64 {
     let mut h = hasher_for("vector_search_runs");
+    write_str(&mut h, &r.commit_sha);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.dataset);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.layout);
     write_str(&mut h, &r.flavor);
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index 4192756e172..f7244f57f82 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 ---
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+assertion_line: 267
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 1 commit</p><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas id="chart"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas id="chart"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>

From d1b44f8fceaaae5c488982282c31c7b95d85377e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 14:54:24 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 08/26] add duckdb to gitignore

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .gitignore | 3 +++
 REUSE.toml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 7fa79fb2162..6a996cf96cc 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -242,3 +242,6 @@ trace*.pb
 
 # pytest-benchmark output
 vortex-python/.benchmarks/
+# For local benchmarks website server and things like the WAL
+**.duckdb*
+
diff --git a/REUSE.toml b/REUSE.toml
index 161f6e3086a..8e406c95c90 100644
--- a/REUSE.toml
+++ b/REUSE.toml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ SPDX-FileCopyrightText = "Copyright the Vortex contributors"
 SPDX-License-Identifier = "CC-BY-4.0"
 
 [[annotations]]
-path = ["**/.gitignore", ".gitmodules", ".python-version", "**/*.lock", "**/*.lockfile", "**/*.toml", "**/*.json", ".idea/**", ".github/**", "codecov.yml", "java/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties"]
+path = ["**/.gitignore", ".gitmodules", ".python-version", "**/*.lock", "**/*.lockfile", "**/*.toml", "**/*.json", ".idea/**", ".github/**", "codecov.yml", "java/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties", "**.duckdb*"]
 precedence = "override"
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText = "Copyright the Vortex contributors"
 SPDX-License-Identifier = "Apache-2.0"

From f4a9bf5a772930f12cb710f2fdf9ccf56bd223ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 16:12:29 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 09/26] [claude] Add vortex-bench-server v3 deployment
 infrastructure (#7644)

This PR introduces the deployment infrastructure for vortex-bench-server
v3, a new benchmarking server that runs alongside the existing v2
instance. The v3 server provides an ingest endpoint for benchmark
results with bearer token authentication and uses DuckDB for data
storage.

1. **GitHub Actions workflow** (`publish-bench-server.yml`): New CI
pipeline that builds and publishes the vortex-bench-server Docker image
to GHCR on changes to the server code, vortex-bench crate, or
Cargo.lock.

2. **Dockerfile** (`benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile`): Multi-stage
Docker build that:
   - Compiles vortex-bench-server in a Rust 1.91 environment
   - Packages it with DuckDB CLI tools in a minimal Debian image
   - Targets ARM64 architecture for EC2 deployment

3. **Backup script** (`benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh`):
Daily backup utility that:
   - Exports the DuckDB database from the running container
   - Uploads backups to S3 (`vortex-ci-benchmark-results/v3-backups/`)
   - Manages local disk space by retaining only the latest backup

4. **Docker Compose configuration**: Added vortex-bench-server service
that:
   - Runs on port 3001 (v2 remains on port 80)
   - Mounts EBS-backed data directory for DuckDB persistence
   - Loads bearer token from `/etc/vortex-bench/secrets.env`
   - Integrates with existing watchtower for automatic image updates

5. **EC2 initialization guide** (`ec2-init.txt`): Comprehensive setup
documentation covering:
   - Bearer token secret management
   - EBS volume preparation
   - Service startup and health checks
   - Cron-based backup scheduling
   - Token rotation procedures

The v3 server is designed to run additively alongside v2, allowing for
gradual DNS migration and dual-write support from CI.

The Docker image build is validated by the GitHub Actions workflow on
each push to develop. The backup script can be tested manually on the
EC2 host before cron scheduling. Smoke tests are documented in the setup
guide (curl against `/health` endpoint on port 3001).

https://claude.ai/code/session_019mBcBdF4LhKDXyKwuKRAPV

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml  |  46 ++
 Cargo.lock                                  | 504 +++++++-------------
 benchmarks-website/docker-compose.yml       |  14 +
 benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt             |  55 ++-
 benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml        |   3 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile        |  46 ++
 benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh |  46 ++
 7 files changed, 379 insertions(+), 335 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile
 create mode 100755 benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh

diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml b/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0bfcb6d3293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+name: Publish Bench Server
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [develop]
+    paths:
+      - "benchmarks-website/server/**"
+      - "vortex-bench/**"
+      - "Cargo.lock"
+      - ".github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+
+      - name: Log in to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: ./benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile
+          platforms: linux/arm64
+          push: true
+          tags: |
+            ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}/vortex-bench-server:latest
+            ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}/vortex-bench-server:${{ github.sha }}
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 304c91a26b0..28c9677dbec 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -197,6 +197,9 @@ name = "arbitrary"
 version = "1.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c3d036a3c4ab069c7b410a2ce876bd74808d2d0888a82667669f8e783a898bf1"
+dependencies = [
+ "derive_arbitrary",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "arc-swap"
@@ -225,24 +228,6 @@ version = "0.7.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7c02d123df017efcdfbd739ef81735b36c5ba83ec3c59c80a9d7ecc718f92e50"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6e833808ff2d94ed40d9379848a950d995043c7fb3e81a30b383f4c6033821cc"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-arith 56.2.0",
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-cast 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-ord 56.2.0",
- "arrow-row 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "arrow-select 56.2.0",
- "arrow-string 56.2.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -285,20 +270,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-string 58.1.0",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-arith"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ad08897b81588f60ba983e3ca39bda2b179bdd84dced378e7df81a5313802ef8"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "chrono",
- "num",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-arith"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -327,22 +298,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-array"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8548ca7c070d8db9ce7aa43f37393e4bfcf3f2d3681df278490772fd1673d08d"
-dependencies = [
- "ahash 0.8.12",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "chrono",
- "half",
- "hashbrown 0.16.1",
- "num",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-array"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -381,17 +336,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-buffer"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e003216336f70446457e280807a73899dd822feaf02087d31febca1363e2fccc"
-dependencies = [
- "bytes",
- "half",
- "num",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-buffer"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -416,27 +360,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-cast"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "919418a0681298d3a77d1a315f625916cb5678ad0d74b9c60108eb15fd083023"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "arrow-select 56.2.0",
- "atoi",
- "base64",
- "chrono",
- "comfy-table",
- "half",
- "lexical-core",
- "num",
- "ryu",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-cast"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -511,18 +434,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-data"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a5c64fff1d142f833d78897a772f2e5b55b36cb3e6320376f0961ab0db7bd6d0"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "half",
- "num",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-data"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -629,19 +540,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "simdutf8",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-ord"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3c8f82583eb4f8d84d4ee55fd1cb306720cddead7596edce95b50ee418edf66f"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "arrow-select 56.2.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-ord"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -668,19 +566,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-select 58.1.0",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-row"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9d07ba24522229d9085031df6b94605e0f4b26e099fb7cdeec37abd941a73753"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "half",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-row"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -707,15 +592,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "half",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-schema"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b3aa9e59c611ebc291c28582077ef25c97f1975383f1479b12f3b9ffee2ffabe"
-dependencies = [
- "bitflags",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-schema"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -738,20 +614,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-select"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8c41dbbd1e97bfcaee4fcb30e29105fb2c75e4d82ae4de70b792a5d3f66b2e7a"
-dependencies = [
- "ahash 0.8.12",
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "num",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-select"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -780,23 +642,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "arrow-string"
-version = "56.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "53f5183c150fbc619eede22b861ea7c0eebed8eaac0333eaa7f6da5205fd504d"
-dependencies = [
- "arrow-array 56.2.0",
- "arrow-buffer 56.2.0",
- "arrow-data 56.2.0",
- "arrow-schema 56.2.0",
- "arrow-select 56.2.0",
- "memchr",
- "num",
- "regex",
- "regex-syntax",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-string"
 version = "57.3.0"
@@ -845,9 +690,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-compression"
-version = "0.4.41"
+version = "0.4.42"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d0f9ee0f6e02ffd7ad5816e9464499fba7b3effd01123b515c41d1697c43dad1"
+checksum = "e79b3f8a79cccc2898f31920fc69f304859b3bd567490f75ebf51ae1c792a9ac"
 dependencies = [
  "compression-codecs",
  "compression-core",
@@ -1235,9 +1080,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "blake3"
-version = "1.8.4"
+version = "1.8.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4d2d5991425dfd0785aed03aedcf0b321d61975c9b5b3689c774a2610ae0b51e"
+checksum = "0aa83c34e62843d924f905e0f5c866eb1dd6545fc4d719e803d9ba6030371fce"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
  "arrayvec",
@@ -1524,12 +1369,6 @@ version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4f4c707c6a209cbe82d10abd08e1ea8995e9ea937d2550646e02798948992be0"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "cesu8"
-version = "1.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d43a04d8753f35258c91f8ec639f792891f748a1edbd759cf1dcea3382ad83c"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "cexpr"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -1816,12 +1655,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "comfy-table"
-version = "7.1.2"
+version = "7.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e0d05af1e006a2407bedef5af410552494ce5be9090444dbbcb57258c1af3d56"
+checksum = "4a65ebfec4fb190b6f90e944a817d60499ee0744e582530e2c9900a22e591d9a"
 dependencies = [
- "strum 0.26.3",
- "strum_macros 0.26.4",
+ "crossterm 0.28.1",
+ "unicode-segmentation",
  "unicode-width 0.2.2",
 ]
 
@@ -1863,9 +1702,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "compression-codecs"
-version = "0.4.37"
+version = "0.4.38"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eb7b51a7d9c967fc26773061ba86150f19c50c0d65c887cb1fbe295fd16619b7"
+checksum = "ce2548391e9c1929c21bf6aa2680af86fe4c1b33e6cea9ac1cfeec0bd11218cf"
 dependencies = [
  "bzip2",
  "compression-core",
@@ -1878,9 +1717,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "compression-core"
-version = "0.4.31"
+version = "0.4.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75984efb6ed102a0d42db99afb6c1948f0380d1d91808d5529916e6c08b49d8d"
+checksum = "cc14f565cf027a105f7a44ccf9e5b424348421a1d8952a8fc9d499d313107789"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "concurrent-queue"
@@ -2121,6 +1960,19 @@ version = "0.8.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d0a5c400df2834b80a4c3327b3aad3a4c4cd4de0629063962b03235697506a28"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crossterm"
+version = "0.28.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "829d955a0bb380ef178a640b91779e3987da38c9aea133b20614cfed8cdea9c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "crossterm_winapi",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "rustix 0.38.44",
+ "winapi",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crossterm"
 version = "0.29.0"
@@ -3761,6 +3613,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_core",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_arbitrary"
+version = "1.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e567bd82dcff979e4b03460c307b3cdc9e96fde3d73bed1496d2bc75d9dd62a"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.117",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "derive_more"
 version = "2.1.1"
@@ -3825,7 +3688,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "option-ext",
  "redox_users",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3873,12 +3736,13 @@ checksum = "ab23e69df104e2fd85ee63a533a22d2132ef5975dc6b36f9f3e5a7305e4a8ed7"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "duckdb"
-version = "1.4.1"
+version = "1.10502.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2a093eed1c714143b257b95fa323e38527fabf05fbf02bb0d5d2045275ffdaef"
+checksum = "0fdc796383b176dd5a45353fbb5e64583c0ee4da12cb62c9e510b785324b2488"
 dependencies = [
- "arrow 56.2.0",
+ "arrow 58.1.0",
  "cast",
+ "comfy-table",
  "fallible-iterator",
  "fallible-streaming-iterator",
  "hashlink",
@@ -4024,7 +3888,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "39cab71617ae0d63f51a36d69f866391735b51691dbda63cf6f96d042b63efeb"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4700,9 +4564,9 @@ checksum = "135b12329e5e3ce057a9f972339ea52bc954fe1e9358ef27f95e89716fbc5424"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hybrid-array"
-version = "0.4.10"
+version = "0.4.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3944cf8cf766b40e2a1a333ee5e9b563f854d5fa49d6a8ca2764e97c6eddb214"
+checksum = "08d46837a0ed51fe95bd3b05de33cd64a1ee88fc797477ca48446872504507c5"
 dependencies = [
  "typenum",
 ]
@@ -4743,6 +4607,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
  "tokio-rustls",
  "tower-service",
+ "webpki-roots",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4910,9 +4775,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "idna_adapter"
-version = "1.2.1"
+version = "1.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3acae9609540aa318d1bc588455225fb2085b9ed0c4f6bd0d9d5bcd86f1a0344"
+checksum = "cb68373c0d6620ef8105e855e7745e18b0d00d3bdb07fb532e434244cdb9a714"
 dependencies = [
  "icu_normalizer",
  "icu_properties",
@@ -5046,7 +4911,7 @@ checksum = "3640c1c38b8e4e43584d8df18be5fc6b0aa314ce6ebf51b53313d4306cca8e46"
 dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi",
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5118,7 +4983,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "portable-atomic",
  "portable-atomic-util",
  "serde_core",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5147,22 +5012,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "jiff-tzdb",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "jni"
-version = "0.21.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1a87aa2bb7d2af34197c04845522473242e1aa17c12f4935d5856491a7fb8c97"
-dependencies = [
- "cesu8",
- "cfg-if",
- "combine",
- "jni-sys 0.3.1",
- "log",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
- "walkdir",
- "windows-sys 0.45.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "jni"
 version = "0.22.4"
@@ -5173,7 +5022,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "combine",
  "java-locator",
  "jni-macros",
- "jni-sys 0.4.1",
+ "jni-sys",
  "libloading 0.8.9",
  "log",
  "simd_cesu8",
@@ -5195,15 +5044,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.117",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "jni-sys"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "41a652e1f9b6e0275df1f15b32661cf0d4b78d4d87ddec5e0c3c20f097433258"
-dependencies = [
- "jni-sys 0.4.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "jni-sys"
 version = "0.4.1"
@@ -5890,23 +5730,25 @@ checksum = "b3a6a8c165077efc8f3a971534c50ea6a1a18b329ef4a66e897a7e3a1494565f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.185"
+version = "0.2.186"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "52ff2c0fe9bc6cb6b14a0592c2ff4fa9ceb83eea9db979b0487cd054946a2b8f"
+checksum = "68ab91017fe16c622486840e4c83c9a37afeff978bd239b5293d61ece587de66"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libduckdb-sys"
-version = "1.4.1"
+version = "1.10502.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4b93c3ff279601516f01531cadf2ccba50394fbb5f7bf685c6e6b9b07c8dca6f"
+checksum = "8d7401630ae2abcff642f7156294289e50f2d222e061c026ad797b01bf20c215"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "flate2",
  "pkg-config",
+ "reqwest 0.12.28",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "tar",
  "vcpkg",
+ "zip 6.0.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6519,21 +6361,7 @@ version = "0.50.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7957b9740744892f114936ab4a57b3f487491bbeafaf8083688b16841a4240e5"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num"
-version = "0.4.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "35bd024e8b2ff75562e5f34e7f4905839deb4b22955ef5e73d2fea1b9813cb23"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-complex",
- "num-integer",
- "num-iter",
- "num-rational",
- "num-traits",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6571,28 +6399,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "num-iter"
-version = "0.1.45"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1429034a0490724d0075ebb2bc9e875d6503c3cf69e235a8941aa757d83ef5bf"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-rational"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f83d14da390562dca69fc84082e73e548e1ad308d24accdedd2720017cb37824"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.19"
@@ -7219,7 +7025,7 @@ version = "0.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "044b1fa4f259f4df9ad5078e587b208f5d288a25407575fcddb9face30c7c692"
 dependencies = [
- "rand 0.8.6",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
  "socket2",
  "thiserror 2.0.18",
 ]
@@ -7718,7 +7524,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "socket2",
  "tracing",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -7944,7 +7750,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "577c9b9f652b4c121fb25c6a391dd06406d3b092ba68827e6d2f09550edc54b3"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
- "crossterm",
+ "crossterm 0.29.0",
  "instability",
  "ratatui-core",
 ]
@@ -8183,13 +7989,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "wasm-streams 0.4.2",
  "web-sys",
+ "webpki-roots",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "reqwest"
-version = "0.13.2"
+version = "0.13.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ab3f43e3283ab1488b624b44b0e988d0acea0b3214e694730a055cb6b2efa801"
+checksum = "62e0021ea2c22aed41653bc7e1419abb2c97e038ff2c33d0e1309e49a97deec0"
 dependencies = [
  "base64",
  "bytes",
@@ -8403,14 +8210,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys 0.12.1",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls"
-version = "0.23.38"
+version = "0.23.39"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "69f9466fb2c14ea04357e91413efb882e2a6d4a406e625449bc0a5d360d53a21"
+checksum = "7c2c118cb077cca2822033836dfb1b975355dfb784b5e8da48f7b6c5db74e60e"
 dependencies = [
  "aws-lc-rs",
  "once_cell",
@@ -8435,9 +8242,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-pki-types"
-version = "1.14.0"
+version = "1.14.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "be040f8b0a225e40375822a563fa9524378b9d63112f53e19ffff34df5d33fdd"
+checksum = "30a7197ae7eb376e574fe940d068c30fe0462554a3ddbe4eca7838e049c937a9"
 dependencies = [
  "web-time",
  "zeroize",
@@ -8445,13 +8252,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustls-platform-verifier"
-version = "0.6.2"
+version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d99feebc72bae7ab76ba994bb5e121b8d83d910ca40b36e0921f53becc41784"
+checksum = "26d1e2536ce4f35f4846aa13bff16bd0ff40157cdb14cc056c7b14ba41233ba0"
 dependencies = [
  "core-foundation 0.10.1",
  "core-foundation-sys",
- "jni 0.21.1",
+ "jni",
  "log",
  "once_cell",
  "rustls",
@@ -8461,7 +8268,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "security-framework",
  "security-framework-sys",
  "webpki-root-certs",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9571,7 +9378,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.4.2",
  "once_cell",
  "rustix 1.1.4",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9590,7 +9397,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "230a1b821ccbd75b185820a1f1ff7b14d21da1e442e22c0863ea5f08771a8874"
 dependencies = [
  "rustix 1.1.4",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -9609,7 +9416,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "num_cpus",
  "ping",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "sysinfo",
  "test-with-derive",
  "uzers",
@@ -9630,7 +9437,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "regex",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "syn 2.0.117",
  "sysinfo",
  "uzers",
@@ -9960,9 +9767,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tower"
-version = "0.5.2"
+version = "0.5.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d039ad9159c98b70ecfd540b2573b97f7f52c3e8d9f8ad57a24b916a536975f9"
+checksum = "ebe5ef63511595f1344e2d5cfa636d973292adc0eec1f0ad45fae9f0851ab1d4"
 dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
@@ -10123,11 +9930,11 @@ checksum = "e421abadd41a4225275504ea4d6566923418b7f05506fbc9c0fe86ba7396114b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "twox-hash"
-version = "2.1.0"
+version = "2.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e7b17f197b3050ba473acf9181f7b1d3b66d1cf7356c6cc57886662276e65908"
+checksum = "9ea3136b675547379c4bd395ca6b938e5ad3c3d20fad76e7fe85f9e0d011419c"
 dependencies = [
- "rand 0.8.6",
+ "rand 0.9.4",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -10536,7 +10343,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parquet 58.1.0",
  "rand 0.10.1",
  "regex",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sysinfo",
@@ -10566,7 +10373,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "duckdb",
  "insta",
  "maud",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "subtle",
@@ -10656,7 +10463,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "clap",
  "futures",
  "parquet 58.1.0",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "sha2 0.11.0",
@@ -10838,7 +10645,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "object_store 0.13.2",
  "parking_lot",
  "paste",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "rstest",
  "tempfile",
  "tracing",
@@ -10848,7 +10655,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-runend",
  "vortex-sequence",
  "vortex-utils",
- "zip",
+ "zip 8.6.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11060,7 +10867,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-array 58.1.0",
  "arrow-schema 58.1.0",
  "futures",
- "jni 0.22.4",
+ "jni",
  "object_store 0.13.2",
  "parking_lot",
  "thiserror 2.0.18",
@@ -11141,7 +10948,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bindgen",
  "libloading 0.8.9",
  "liblzma",
- "reqwest 0.13.2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
  "tar",
  "vortex-cuda-macros",
 ]
@@ -11352,7 +11159,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-schema 58.1.0",
  "clap",
  "console_error_panic_hook",
- "crossterm",
+ "crossterm 0.29.0",
  "datafusion 53.1.0",
  "env_logger",
  "flatbuffers",
@@ -11621,6 +11428,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustls-pki-types",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "webpki-roots"
+version = "1.0.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "52f5ee44c96cf55f1b349600768e3ece3a8f26010c05265ab73f945bb1a2eb9d"
+dependencies = [
+ "rustls-pki-types",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "which"
 version = "8.0.2"
@@ -11652,7 +11468,7 @@ version = "0.1.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c2a7b1c03c876122aa43f3020e6c3c3ee5c05081c9a00739faf7503aeba10d22"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11773,15 +11589,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-link",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.45.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75283be5efb2831d37ea142365f009c02ec203cd29a3ebecbc093d52315b66d0"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.42.2",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.52.0"
@@ -11802,26 +11609,20 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.61.2"
+version = "0.60.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae137229bcbd6cdf0f7b80a31df61766145077ddf49416a728b02cb3921ff3fc"
+checksum = "f2f500e4d28234f72040990ec9d39e3a6b950f9f22d3dba18416c35882612bcb"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
+ "windows-targets 0.53.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.61.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8e5180c00cd44c9b1c88adb3693291f1cd93605ded80c250a75d472756b4d071"
+checksum = "ae137229bcbd6cdf0f7b80a31df61766145077ddf49416a728b02cb3921ff3fc"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.42.2",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.42.2",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.42.2",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.42.2",
+ "windows-link",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11833,7 +11634,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
  "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
  "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_gnullvm",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.52.6",
  "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
  "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
  "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
@@ -11841,19 +11642,30 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-threading"
-version = "0.2.1"
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.53.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3949bd5b99cafdf1c7ca86b43ca564028dfe27d66958f2470940f73d86d75b37"
+checksum = "4945f9f551b88e0d65f3db0bc25c33b8acea4d9e41163edf90dcd0b19f9069f3"
 dependencies = [
  "windows-link",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.53.1",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.53.1",
+ "windows_i686_gnu 0.53.1",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.53.1",
+ "windows_i686_msvc 0.53.1",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.53.1",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.53.1",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.53.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows-threading"
+version = "0.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "597a5118570b68bc08d8d59125332c54f1ba9d9adeedeef5b99b02ba2b0698f8"
+checksum = "3949bd5b99cafdf1c7ca86b43ca564028dfe27d66958f2470940f73d86d75b37"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
@@ -11862,10 +11674,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e08e8864a60f06ef0d0ff4ba04124db8b0fb3be5776a5cd47641e942e58c4d43"
+checksum = "a9d8416fa8b42f5c947f8482c43e7d89e73a173cead56d044f6a56104a6d1b53"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
@@ -11874,10 +11686,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c61d927d8da41da96a81f029489353e68739737d3beca43145c8afec9a31a84f"
+checksum = "b9d782e804c2f632e395708e99a94275910eb9100b2114651e04744e9b125006"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
@@ -11885,6 +11697,12 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "960e6da069d81e09becb0ca57a65220ddff016ff2d6af6a223cf372a506593a3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -11892,10 +11710,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "44d840b6ec649f480a41c8d80f9c65108b92d89345dd94027bfe06ac444d1060"
+checksum = "fa7359d10048f68ab8b09fa71c3daccfb0e9b559aed648a8f95469c27057180c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
@@ -11904,10 +11722,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8de912b8b8feb55c064867cf047dda097f92d51efad5b491dfb98f6bbb70cb36"
+checksum = "1e7ac75179f18232fe9c285163565a57ef8d3c89254a30685b57d83a38d326c2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
@@ -11916,10 +11734,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26d41b46a36d453748aedef1486d5c7a85db22e56aff34643984ea85514e94a3"
+checksum = "9c3842cdd74a865a8066ab39c8a7a473c0778a3f29370b5fd6b4b9aa7df4a499"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
@@ -11928,10 +11746,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.42.2"
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.53.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9aec5da331524158c6d1a4ac0ab1541149c0b9505fde06423b02f5ef0106b9f0"
+checksum = "0ffa179e2d07eee8ad8f57493436566c7cc30ac536a3379fdf008f47f6bb7ae1"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
@@ -11939,6 +11757,12 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.53.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d6bbff5f0aada427a1e5a6da5f1f98158182f26556f345ac9e04d36d0ebed650"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
 version = "0.7.15"
@@ -12224,6 +12048,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "zip"
+version = "6.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "eb2a05c7c36fde6c09b08576c9f7fb4cda705990f73b58fe011abf7dfb24168b"
+dependencies = [
+ "arbitrary",
+ "crc32fast",
+ "flate2",
+ "indexmap",
+ "memchr",
+ "zopfli",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "zip"
 version = "8.6.0"
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/docker-compose.yml b/benchmarks-website/docker-compose.yml
index 4c2e9682329..b97482a230a 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/benchmarks-website/docker-compose.yml
@@ -5,6 +5,20 @@ services:
       - "80:3000"
     restart: unless-stopped
 
+  vortex-bench-server:
+    image: ghcr.io/vortex-data/vortex/vortex-bench-server:latest
+    ports:
+      - "3001:3000"
+    environment:
+      VORTEX_BENCH_DB: "/app/data/bench.duckdb"
+      VORTEX_BENCH_BIND: "0.0.0.0:3000"
+      VORTEX_BENCH_LOG: "info,vortex_bench_server=debug"
+    env_file:
+      - /etc/vortex-bench/secrets.env
+    volumes:
+      - /opt/benchmarks-website/data:/app/data
+    restart: unless-stopped
+
   watchtower:
     image: containrrr/watchtower
     volumes:
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt b/benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt
index 1c2459b3bee..4e1377cc014 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt
+++ b/benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt
@@ -14,4 +14,57 @@
   sudo mkdir -p /opt/benchmarks-website
   sudo cp docker-compose.yml /opt/benchmarks-website/
   cd /opt/benchmarks-website
-  docker compose up -d
\ No newline at end of file
+  docker compose up -d
+
+  ====================================================================
+  v3 (vortex-bench-server) — additive setup, runs alongside v2
+  ====================================================================
+
+  v2 stays on port 80 until DNS is flipped. v3 runs on port 3001 from
+  the same docker-compose.yml on this host.
+
+  4. Create the bearer-token env file (root:root, mode 600)
+  sudo mkdir -p /etc/vortex-bench
+  sudo install -m 600 -o root -g root /dev/null /etc/vortex-bench/secrets.env
+  # Edit and set INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN=<token from GH Actions Environment secret>:
+  sudo vi /etc/vortex-bench/secrets.env
+  # File contents:
+  #   INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN=<token>
+
+  5. Create the EBS-backed DuckDB data directory
+  # Assumes an EBS volume is already mounted at /opt/benchmarks-website/data.
+  sudo mkdir -p /opt/benchmarks-website/data
+  sudo chown root:root /opt/benchmarks-website/data
+  sudo chmod 755 /opt/benchmarks-website/data
+
+  6. Pull and start v3 (watchtower already polls ghcr.io for refreshes)
+  cd /opt/benchmarks-website
+  docker compose pull vortex-bench-server
+  docker compose up -d vortex-bench-server
+  # Smoke-check on the host:
+  curl -sf http://127.0.0.1:3001/health || echo "v3 not responding"
+
+  7. Install the daily DuckDB backup cron
+  # Copy the backup script from the repo checkout to a stable location.
+  sudo install -m 755 -o root -g root \
+      benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh \
+      /usr/local/bin/vortex-bench-backup.sh
+  # Cron entry: 06:00 UTC daily, after the nightly bench finishes.
+  sudo tee /etc/cron.d/vortex-bench-backup >/dev/null <<'CRON'
+  0 6 * * * root /usr/local/bin/vortex-bench-backup.sh >> /var/log/vortex-bench-backup.log 2>&1
+  CRON
+  sudo chmod 644 /etc/cron.d/vortex-bench-backup
+  # The instance IAM role already permits writes to
+  # s3://vortex-ci-benchmark-results/ (same role v2's cat-s3.sh uses).
+
+  8. Bearer-token rotation procedure
+  # When rotating INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN:
+  #   a. Generate a new token (e.g. `openssl rand -hex 32`).
+  #   b. Update the GitHub Actions Environment secret INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN
+  #      so CI dual-writes use the new value.
+  #   c. On this EC2 host, edit the env file and restart only the v3
+  #      container so v2 traffic on port 80 is unaffected:
+  #        sudo vi /etc/vortex-bench/secrets.env
+  #        cd /opt/benchmarks-website
+  #        docker compose up -d --force-recreate vortex-bench-server
+  #   d. Verify with `curl` against /health and a token-gated endpoint.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
index 5b501adf0cc..07d1746a5e5 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/Cargo.toml
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
 anyhow = { workspace = true }
 axum = "0.8"
 base64 = "0.22"
-duckdb = { version = "1.4", features = ["bundled"] }
+# track vortex-duckdb's bundled engine version (build.rs)
+duckdb = { version = "1.10502", features = ["bundled"] }
 maud = { version = "0.27", features = ["axum"] }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile b/benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81c2c4860b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+#
+# Build context: repository root (the server is a workspace member).
+# Build:   docker build -f benchmarks-website/server/Dockerfile .
+# Toolchain pinned to match rust-toolchain.toml.
+
+FROM rust:1.91-bookworm AS build
+
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        build-essential \
+        cmake \
+        pkg-config \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /build
+COPY . .
+
+RUN cargo build --release -p vortex-bench-server --bin vortex-bench-server
+
+FROM debian:bookworm-slim
+
+# Keep this in lockstep with libduckdb-sys in Cargo.lock.
+ARG DUCKDB_VERSION=1.5.2
+
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        ca-certificates \
+        libstdc++6 \
+        unzip \
+        wget \
+    && wget -q "https://github.com/duckdb/duckdb/releases/download/v${DUCKDB_VERSION}/duckdb_cli-linux-aarch64.zip" -O /tmp/duckdb.zip \
+    && unzip -q /tmp/duckdb.zip -d /usr/local/bin/ \
+    && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/duckdb \
+    && rm /tmp/duckdb.zip \
+    && apt-get purge -y --auto-remove unzip wget \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+COPY --from=build /build/target/release/vortex-bench-server /usr/local/bin/vortex-bench-server
+
+WORKDIR /app/data
+
+EXPOSE 3000
+
+CMD ["/usr/local/bin/vortex-bench-server"]
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh b/benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..ca4a35f891f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/scripts/backup.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+#
+# Daily DuckDB backup for the vortex-bench-server v3 instance.
+# Runs on the EC2 host via cron (see benchmarks-website/ec2-init.txt).
+#
+# Exports the running container's DuckDB to a local directory and uploads
+# it to s3://vortex-ci-benchmark-results/v3-backups/<date>/. The instance
+# IAM role already grants write access to that bucket (it is the same
+# bucket cat-s3.sh uses for v2).
+#
+# At alpha this is a convenience backup: the data is also reproducible
+# from CI dual-writes to the v3 ingest endpoint, so RPO is bounded by
+# what CI has posted, not by this script's cadence.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+CONTAINER="${CONTAINER:-vortex-bench-server}"
+DB_PATH="${DB_PATH:-/app/data/bench.duckdb}"
+DATA_DIR="${DATA_DIR:-/opt/benchmarks-website/data}"
+S3_PREFIX="${S3_PREFIX:-s3://vortex-ci-benchmark-results/v3-backups}"
+
+date_stamp="$(date -u +%Y%m%d)"
+export_dir="backup-${date_stamp}"
+host_export_dir="${DATA_DIR}/${export_dir}"
+
+# Run EXPORT DATABASE inside the container so we hit the same DuckDB
+# build that wrote the file. The container path mirrors the host path
+# under /app/data, so the export lands on the EBS volume.
+docker exec "${CONTAINER}" \
+    duckdb "${DB_PATH}" \
+    -c "EXPORT DATABASE '/app/data/${export_dir}'"
+
+aws s3 cp \
+    --recursive \
+    "${host_export_dir}" \
+    "${S3_PREFIX}/${date_stamp}/"
+
+# Keep the latest local export, drop older ones to bound disk use.
+find "${DATA_DIR}" \
+    -maxdepth 1 \
+    -type d \
+    -name "backup-*" \
+    ! -path "${host_export_dir}" \
+    -exec rm -rf {} +

From 7ba792dc50e0bdae063d80cb599471611937c011 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Apr 2026 21:24:50 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 10/26] Benchmarks v3 migration to duckdb (#7646)

This is a one-shot migration binary to take all of the data from
`data.json.gz` and bring it into a duckdb database.

Simply gathers and aggregates everything into memory and writes data in
chunks with arrow arrays. Insert row-by-row took way too long, and the
appender API in duckdb does not support `BIGINT[]` for some reason...

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                                    |  60 ++
 Cargo.toml                                    |   1 +
 benchmarks-website/migrate/Cargo.toml         |  41 +
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs  | 818 +++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs     | 100 +++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/lib.rs         |  21 +
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs        | 114 +++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs     | 836 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs      | 140 +++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs          | 142 +++
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs      | 350 ++++++++
 .../migrate/tests/classifier.rs               | 439 +++++++++
 .../migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs               | 263 ++++++
 13 files changed, 3325 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/lib.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 28c9677dbec..2b26f868282 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -3747,6 +3747,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "fallible-streaming-iterator",
  "hashlink",
  "libduckdb-sys",
+ "num",
  "num-integer",
  "rust_decimal",
  "strum 0.27.2",
@@ -6364,6 +6365,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "num"
+version = "0.4.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "35bd024e8b2ff75562e5f34e7f4905839deb4b22955ef5e73d2fea1b9813cb23"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-complex",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-iter",
+ "num-rational",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num-bigint"
 version = "0.4.6"
@@ -6399,6 +6414,28 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "num-iter"
+version = "0.1.45"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1429034a0490724d0075ebb2bc9e875d6503c3cf69e235a8941aa757d83ef5bf"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "num-rational"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f83d14da390562dca69fc84082e73e548e1ad308d24accdedd2720017cb37824"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.19"
@@ -10363,6 +10400,29 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-tensor",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "vortex-bench-migrate"
+version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "arrow-array 58.1.0",
+ "arrow-buffer 58.1.0",
+ "arrow-schema 58.1.0",
+ "clap",
+ "duckdb",
+ "flate2",
+ "reqwest 0.13.3",
+ "rstest",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+ "tempfile",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+ "tracing-subscriber",
+ "vortex-bench-server",
+ "vortex-utils",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-bench-server"
 version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 21a32d3d0be..4126243aa8f 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ members = [
     "benchmarks/vector-search-bench",
     # Benchmarks website v3 (alpha) - leaf binary, not part of vortex-* API
     "benchmarks-website/server",
+    "benchmarks-website/migrate",
 ]
 exclude = ["java/testfiles", "wasm-test"]
 resolver = "2"
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/Cargo.toml b/benchmarks-website/migrate/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..45a752df397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+[package]
+name = "vortex-bench-migrate"
+version = "0.1.0-alpha.0"
+edition = "2024"
+rust-version = "1.91.0"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+description = "One-shot historical migrator from the v2 benchmarks S3 dataset to a v3 DuckDB file"
+publish = false
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "vortex-bench-migrate"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+# Throwaway binary, not part of the vortex-* public API surface.
+# Errors use anyhow, and the crate is intentionally outside the
+# workspace public-api lockfile set.
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+arrow-array = { workspace = true }
+arrow-buffer = { workspace = true }
+arrow-schema = { workspace = true }
+clap = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+# track vortex-duckdb's bundled engine version (build.rs)
+duckdb = { version = "1.10502", features = ["bundled", "appender-arrow"] }
+flate2 = "1.1"
+reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["json"] }
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
+tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["std"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["env-filter", "fmt"] }
+vortex-bench-server = { path = "../server" }
+vortex-utils = { workspace = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+rstest = { workspace = true }
+tempfile = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8a17b31fcd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,818 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Bug-for-bug port of v2's `getGroup`, `formatQuery`, and
+//! `normalizeChartName` from `benchmarks-website/server.js`, plus the
+//! mapping from v2 group + name pattern to a v3 fact-table bin.
+//!
+//! The v2 classifier was the source of truth for what historical
+//! records mean. It groups records by name prefix into one of:
+//! "Random Access", "Compression", "Compression Size", or one of the
+//! SQL query suites (with optional fan-out by storage and scale
+//! factor for TPC-H/TPC-DS). This module reproduces that logic and
+//! then hops to a v3 fact-table bin, since v3 stores dim values as
+//! columns instead of name fragments.
+//!
+//! Engine and format strings stored in v3 columns are pulled from the
+//! raw, pre-rename v2 record name. v2's `ENGINE_RENAMES` was a v2
+//! read-time UI concern (e.g. `vortex-file-compressed` rendered as
+//! `vortex` and `parquet-tokio-local-disk` rendered as `parquet-nvme`).
+//! v3 stores canonical `Format::name()` strings to match what the v3
+//! live emitter writes, so historical and live records share series.
+
+use crate::v2::V2Record;
+use crate::v2::dataset_scale_factor;
+
+/// Static port of v2's `QUERY_SUITES`.
+pub const QUERY_SUITES: &[QuerySuite] = &[
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "clickbench",
+        display_name: "Clickbench",
+        query_prefix: "CLICKBENCH",
+        dataset_key: None,
+        fan_out: false,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "statpopgen",
+        display_name: "Statistical and Population Genetics",
+        query_prefix: "STATPOPGEN",
+        dataset_key: None,
+        fan_out: false,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "polarsignals",
+        display_name: "PolarSignals Profiling",
+        query_prefix: "POLARSIGNALS",
+        dataset_key: None,
+        fan_out: false,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "gharchive",
+        display_name: "GhArchive",
+        query_prefix: "GHARCHIVE",
+        dataset_key: None,
+        fan_out: false,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "tpch",
+        display_name: "TPC-H",
+        query_prefix: "TPC-H",
+        dataset_key: Some("tpch"),
+        fan_out: true,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "tpcds",
+        display_name: "TPC-DS",
+        query_prefix: "TPC-DS",
+        dataset_key: Some("tpcds"),
+        fan_out: true,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+    QuerySuite {
+        prefix: "fineweb",
+        display_name: "Fineweb",
+        query_prefix: "FINEWEB",
+        dataset_key: None,
+        fan_out: false,
+        skip: false,
+    },
+];
+
+/// Static port of v2's `ENGINE_RENAMES`. Applied to the "series" half
+/// of a benchmark name (the part after the first `/`) before splitting
+/// on `:` into engine/format. Order doesn't matter — keys are unique.
+const ENGINE_RENAMES: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+    ("datafusion:vortex-file-compressed", "datafusion:vortex"),
+    ("datafusion:parquet", "datafusion:parquet"),
+    ("datafusion:arrow", "datafusion:in-memory-arrow"),
+    ("datafusion:lance", "datafusion:lance"),
+    ("datafusion:vortex-compact", "datafusion:vortex-compact"),
+    ("duckdb:vortex-file-compressed", "duckdb:vortex"),
+    ("duckdb:parquet", "duckdb:parquet"),
+    ("duckdb:duckdb", "duckdb:duckdb"),
+    ("duckdb:vortex-compact", "duckdb:vortex-compact"),
+    ("vortex-tokio-local-disk", "vortex-nvme"),
+    ("vortex-compact-tokio-local-disk", "vortex-compact-nvme"),
+    ("lance-tokio-local-disk", "lance-nvme"),
+    ("parquet-tokio-local-disk", "parquet-nvme"),
+    ("lance", "lance"),
+];
+
+/// One entry of `QUERY_SUITES`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct QuerySuite {
+    pub prefix: &'static str,
+    pub display_name: &'static str,
+    pub query_prefix: &'static str,
+    pub dataset_key: Option<&'static str>,
+    pub fan_out: bool,
+    pub skip: bool,
+}
+
+/// Group a v2 record falls into. Mirrors `getGroup` in `server.js`,
+/// including the fan-out group naming for TPC-H/TPC-DS.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum V2Group {
+    RandomAccess,
+    Compression,
+    CompressionSize,
+    Query {
+        suite_index: usize,
+        /// `Some` for fan-out suites only.
+        storage: Option<String>,
+        /// `Some` for fan-out suites only.
+        scale_factor: Option<String>,
+    },
+}
+
+impl V2Group {
+    /// Display name as v2 served it from `/api/metadata`.
+    pub fn display_name(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            V2Group::RandomAccess => "Random Access".into(),
+            V2Group::Compression => "Compression".into(),
+            V2Group::CompressionSize => "Compression Size".into(),
+            V2Group::Query {
+                suite_index,
+                storage,
+                scale_factor,
+            } => {
+                let suite = &QUERY_SUITES[*suite_index];
+                if let (Some(storage), Some(sf)) = (storage, scale_factor) {
+                    format!("{} ({}) (SF={})", suite.display_name, storage, sf)
+                } else {
+                    suite.display_name.to_string()
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Apply v2's `ENGINE_RENAMES`. Reproduces the JS `rename`:
+/// `RENAMES[s.toLowerCase()] || RENAMES[s] || s`.
+pub fn rename_engine(s: &str) -> String {
+    let lower = s.to_lowercase();
+    for (k, v) in ENGINE_RENAMES {
+        if *k == lower {
+            return (*v).to_string();
+        }
+    }
+    for (k, v) in ENGINE_RENAMES {
+        if *k == s {
+            return (*v).to_string();
+        }
+    }
+    s.to_string()
+}
+
+/// Faithful port of v2's `formatQuery`: maps `clickbench_q07` →
+/// `"CLICKBENCH Q7"`. Returns the original (uppercased,
+/// `-` and `_` replaced with spaces) when no suite matches.
+pub fn format_query(q: &str) -> String {
+    let lower = q.to_lowercase();
+    for suite in QUERY_SUITES {
+        if suite.skip {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let prefix = suite.prefix;
+        if let Some(rest) = lower.strip_prefix(prefix)
+            && let Some(idx) = parse_query_index(rest)
+        {
+            return format!("{} Q{}", suite.query_prefix, idx);
+        }
+    }
+    let mut out = q.to_uppercase();
+    out = out.replace(['_', '-'], " ");
+    out
+}
+
+/// Parse the `_q07` / ` q7` / `q42` tail used by `format_query`.
+/// Returns the integer query index if the tail matches the v2 regex
+/// `^[_ ]?q(\d+)`.
+fn parse_query_index(rest: &str) -> Option<u32> {
+    let after_sep = rest
+        .strip_prefix('_')
+        .or_else(|| rest.strip_prefix(' '))
+        .unwrap_or(rest);
+    let after_q = after_sep
+        .strip_prefix('q')
+        .or_else(|| after_sep.strip_prefix('Q'))?;
+    let digits: String = after_q.chars().take_while(|c| c.is_ascii_digit()).collect();
+    if digits.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    digits.parse().ok()
+}
+
+/// Faithful port of v2's `normalizeChartName`.
+pub fn normalize_chart_name(group: &V2Group, chart_name: &str) -> String {
+    if matches!(group, V2Group::CompressionSize) && chart_name == "VORTEX FILE COMPRESSED SIZE" {
+        return "VORTEX SIZE".into();
+    }
+    chart_name.to_string()
+}
+
+/// Port of v2's `getGroup`. Returns `None` for skipped suites
+/// (e.g. `fineweb`) or names that match nothing.
+pub fn get_group(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V2Group> {
+    let lower = record.name.to_lowercase();
+
+    if lower.starts_with("random-access/") || lower.starts_with("random access/") {
+        return Some(V2Group::RandomAccess);
+    }
+
+    if lower.starts_with("vortex size/")
+        || lower.starts_with("vortex-file-compressed size/")
+        || lower.starts_with("parquet size/")
+        || lower.starts_with("parquet-zstd size/")
+        || lower.starts_with("lance size/")
+        || lower.contains(":raw size/")
+        || lower.contains(":parquet-zstd size/")
+        || lower.contains(":lance size/")
+    {
+        return Some(V2Group::CompressionSize);
+    }
+
+    if lower.starts_with("compress time/")
+        || lower.starts_with("decompress time/")
+        || lower.starts_with("parquet_rs-zstd compress")
+        || lower.starts_with("parquet_rs-zstd decompress")
+        || lower.starts_with("lance compress")
+        || lower.starts_with("lance decompress")
+        || lower.starts_with("vortex:lance ratio")
+        || lower.starts_with("vortex:parquet-zstd ratio")
+        // Typo'd v2 emitter wrote `parquet-zst` (no `d`) for some
+        // ratio records; match both spellings so they classify as
+        // derived ratios instead of falling through to Unknown.
+        || lower.starts_with("vortex:parquet-zst ratio")
+        || lower.starts_with("vortex:raw ratio")
+    {
+        return Some(V2Group::Compression);
+    }
+
+    for (i, suite) in QUERY_SUITES.iter().enumerate() {
+        let prefix_q = format!("{}_q", suite.prefix);
+        let prefix_slash = format!("{}/", suite.prefix);
+        if !lower.starts_with(&prefix_q) && !lower.starts_with(&prefix_slash) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if suite.skip {
+            return None;
+        }
+        if !suite.fan_out {
+            return Some(V2Group::Query {
+                suite_index: i,
+                storage: None,
+                scale_factor: None,
+            });
+        }
+        let storage = match record.storage.as_deref().map(str::to_uppercase).as_deref() {
+            Some("S3") => "S3",
+            _ => "NVMe",
+        };
+        let dataset_key = suite.dataset_key.unwrap_or(suite.prefix);
+        let raw_sf = record
+            .dataset
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|d| dataset_scale_factor(d, dataset_key));
+        let sf = raw_sf
+            .as_deref()
+            .and_then(|s| s.parse::<f64>().ok())
+            .map(|f| f.round() as i64)
+            .unwrap_or(1);
+        return Some(V2Group::Query {
+            suite_index: i,
+            storage: Some(storage.into()),
+            scale_factor: Some(sf.to_string()),
+        });
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+/// Group + chart + series breakdown for a v2 record, using the same
+/// rules `server.js` applies in `refresh()`. Equivalent to v2's
+/// `(group, chartName, seriesName)` triple after rename / skip rules.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct V2Classification {
+    pub group: V2Group,
+    pub chart: String,
+    pub series: String,
+}
+
+/// Apply the same chart / series naming v2's `refresh()` does, plus
+/// the throughput / `PARQUET-UNC` skip rules.
+pub fn classify_v2(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V2Classification> {
+    if record.name.contains(" throughput") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let group = get_group(record)?;
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = record.name.split('/').collect();
+    let (chart, series) = match (&group, parts.len()) {
+        (V2Group::RandomAccess, 4) => {
+            let chart = format!("{}/{}", parts[1], parts[2])
+                .to_uppercase()
+                .replace(['_', '-'], " ");
+            let series = rename_engine(if parts[3].is_empty() {
+                "default"
+            } else {
+                parts[3]
+            });
+            (chart, series)
+        }
+        (V2Group::RandomAccess, 2) => (
+            "RANDOM ACCESS".to_string(),
+            rename_engine(if parts[1].is_empty() {
+                "default"
+            } else {
+                parts[1]
+            }),
+        ),
+        (V2Group::RandomAccess, _) => return None,
+        _ => {
+            let series_raw = if parts.len() >= 2 && !parts[1].is_empty() {
+                parts[1]
+            } else {
+                "default"
+            };
+            let series = rename_engine(series_raw);
+            let chart = format_query(parts[0]);
+            (chart, series)
+        }
+    };
+    let chart = normalize_chart_name(&group, &chart);
+    if chart.contains("PARQUET-UNC") {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some(V2Classification {
+        group,
+        chart,
+        series,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Mapping target: which v3 fact table a v2 record lands in, plus the
+/// dim values that table needs.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum V3Bin {
+    Query {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+        scale_factor: Option<String>,
+        query_idx: i32,
+        storage: String,
+        engine: String,
+        format: String,
+    },
+    CompressionTime {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+        format: String,
+        op: String,
+    },
+    CompressionSize {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+        format: String,
+    },
+    RandomAccess {
+        dataset: String,
+        format: String,
+    },
+}
+
+/// Top-level entry point. Combines `classify_v2` with the v3 fact-table
+/// mapping. Returns `None` for records that:
+///
+/// - Don't match any v2 group (uncategorized prefix).
+/// - Are explicitly skipped by v2 (throughput, PARQUET-UNC, fineweb).
+/// - Are computed-at-read-time ratios that v3 derives from
+///   `compression_sizes` (`vortex:parquet-zstd ratio …`,
+///   `vortex:lance ratio …`, `vortex:raw ratio …`,
+///   `vortex:* size/…`).
+pub fn classify(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    let cls = classify_v2(record)?;
+    match &cls.group {
+        V2Group::RandomAccess => bin_random_access(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::CompressionSize => bin_compression_size(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::Query { .. } => bin_query(&cls, record),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Reason the classifier dropped a record. Intentional skips (v2
+/// patterns v3 deliberately doesn't store) are NOT errors; they don't
+/// count against the uncategorized gate.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Skip {
+    /// `vortex:* ratio …` and `vortex:* size` — derived in v3 from
+    /// `compression_sizes` joined to itself.
+    DerivedRatio,
+    /// `throughput` records — v2 derived these from latencies.
+    Throughput,
+    /// A v2 query suite marked `skip: true` in QUERY_SUITES.
+    SkippedSuite,
+    /// random-access record with an unsupported part count.
+    UnsupportedShape,
+    /// Record had no `value` field.
+    NoValue,
+    /// Dim outside the v3 emitter's allowlist (e.g. `parquet-zstd`,
+    /// historical-only suites no longer in CI).
+    Deprecated,
+    /// v2 memory measurements (`*_memory/*` records). Carry top-level
+    /// `peak_physical_memory` / `peak_virtual_memory` /
+    /// `physical_memory_delta` / `virtual_memory_delta` fields that
+    /// `V2Record` doesn't deserialize. Not migrated for alpha; merging
+    /// into the corresponding QueryMeasurement row is future work.
+    HistoricalMemory,
+}
+
+/// Engines the v3 emitter produces today. Anything else is historical
+/// and gets bucketed as `Skip::Deprecated`.
+///
+/// ORCHESTRATOR NOTE: confirm against `vortex-bench`'s `Engine` enum
+/// before handing off; edit if the live set differs.
+const V3_ENGINES: &[&str] = &["datafusion", "duckdb", "vortex", "arrow"];
+
+/// Formats the v3 emitter produces today (`Format::name()` values).
+///
+/// ORCHESTRATOR NOTE: confirm against `vortex-bench/src/lib.rs`
+/// `Format::name()` before handing off.
+const V3_FORMATS: &[&str] = &[
+    "vortex-file-compressed",
+    "vortex-compact",
+    "parquet",
+    "lance",
+    "csv",
+    "arrow",
+    "duckdb",
+];
+
+/// Query suites the v3 CI runs today. Suites outside this list still
+/// classify (so historical analyses stay coherent) but get bucketed
+/// as `Skip::Deprecated` so they don't render as orphan charts in v3.
+///
+/// `fineweb` is included because `.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml`
+/// still has `fineweb` and `fineweb-s3` matrix entries. `gharchive`
+/// stays excluded — it's defined in `vortex-bench` but no current
+/// workflow runs it.
+const V3_QUERY_SUITES: &[&str] = &[
+    "clickbench",
+    "tpch",
+    "tpcds",
+    "statpopgen",
+    "polarsignals",
+    "fineweb",
+];
+
+/// Returns true if every dim that v3 stores as a column is on the
+/// emitter's current allowlist. Dim values outside the allowlist mean
+/// historical-only formats / engines that the v3 UI has nothing to
+/// render against.
+fn is_v3_dim(bin: &V3Bin) -> bool {
+    match bin {
+        V3Bin::Query { engine, format, .. } => {
+            V3_ENGINES.contains(&engine.as_str()) && V3_FORMATS.contains(&format.as_str())
+        }
+        V3Bin::CompressionTime { format, .. }
+        | V3Bin::CompressionSize { format, .. }
+        | V3Bin::RandomAccess { format, .. } => V3_FORMATS.contains(&format.as_str()),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Outcome of running the classifier on a v2 record. Distinguishes
+/// "we know we don't want this" (`Skip`) from "we don't recognize this"
+/// (`Unknown`); the migrator's 5% gate fires only on the latter.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum Outcome {
+    Bin(V3Bin),
+    Skip(Skip),
+    Unknown,
+}
+
+/// Like [`classify`], but reports *why* a record was dropped. Intended
+/// for the migrator so the 5% uncategorized gate doesn't trip on
+/// records v2 deliberately doesn't render (ratios, throughput,
+/// skipped suites).
+pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
+    if record.name.contains(" throughput") {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::Throughput);
+    }
+    // v2 memory records: e.g. "clickbench_q07_memory/datafusion:parquet".
+    // Match the `_memory/` infix BEFORE the engine/format split, so they
+    // route to a known Skip variant instead of slipping through to
+    // Outcome::Unknown and tripping the 5% gate.
+    let lower = record.name.to_lowercase();
+    if let Some((head, _)) = lower.split_once('/')
+        && head.ends_with("_memory")
+    {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::HistoricalMemory);
+    }
+    let Some(group) = get_group(record) else {
+        return Outcome::Unknown;
+    };
+    if let V2Group::Query { suite_index, .. } = &group
+        && QUERY_SUITES[*suite_index].skip
+    {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::SkippedSuite);
+    }
+    let Some(cls) = classify_v2(record) else {
+        // get_group succeeded but classify_v2 didn't — shape mismatch.
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::UnsupportedShape);
+    };
+    let derived = match &cls.group {
+        V2Group::Compression => {
+            let lc = cls.chart.to_lowercase();
+            lc.contains("ratio") || lc.contains(':')
+        }
+        V2Group::CompressionSize => cls.chart.to_lowercase().contains(':'),
+        _ => false,
+    };
+    if derived {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::DerivedRatio);
+    }
+    let bin = match &cls.group {
+        V2Group::RandomAccess => bin_random_access(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::CompressionSize => bin_compression_size(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::Query { .. } => bin_query(&cls, record),
+    };
+    let Some(bin) = bin else {
+        return Outcome::Unknown;
+    };
+    if !is_v3_dim(&bin) {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated);
+    }
+    if let V2Group::Query { suite_index, .. } = &group
+        && !V3_QUERY_SUITES.contains(&QUERY_SUITES[*suite_index].prefix)
+    {
+        return Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated);
+    }
+    Outcome::Bin(bin)
+}
+
+fn bin_random_access(cls: &V2Classification, record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    // v2 chart name shape: "RANDOM ACCESS" or "DATASET/PATTERN" (uppercase).
+    // We store it as the v3 dataset value verbatim, lowercased so
+    // `/api/groups` returns canonical lowercase names.
+    let dataset = cls.chart.to_lowercase();
+    if dataset.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // Pull format from the raw, pre-rename v2 name so v3 stores the
+    // canonical `Format::name()` string (matching what the v3 live
+    // emitter writes). Raw shape is
+    // `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    // (4-part) or `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` (2-part
+    // legacy). After stripping the `-tokio-local-disk` suffix, map the
+    // v2 random-access ext label (`vortex`, from `Format::ext()`) to
+    // the canonical name (`vortex-file-compressed`, from
+    // `Format::name()`). `parquet` and `lance` match between ext and
+    // name. The `vortex` ext is shared by both `OnDiskVortex` (name
+    // `vortex-file-compressed`) and `VortexCompact` (name
+    // `vortex-compact`), but v2's random-access bench only emitted
+    // `OnDiskVortex`, so mapping to `vortex-file-compressed` is
+    // correct for all historical data.
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = record.name.split('/').collect();
+    let raw = match parts.len() {
+        4 => parts[3],
+        2 => parts[1],
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    if raw.is_empty() || raw == "default" {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let stripped = raw.strip_suffix("-tokio-local-disk").unwrap_or(raw);
+    let format = match stripped {
+        "vortex" => "vortex-file-compressed".to_string(),
+        other => other.to_lowercase(),
+    };
+    Some(V3Bin::RandomAccess { dataset, format })
+}
+
+fn bin_compression_time(cls: &V2Classification, _record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    // v2 compression chart names look like (after format_query):
+    //   "COMPRESS TIME"                                       [vortex/encode]
+    //   "DECOMPRESS TIME"                                     [vortex/decode]
+    //   "PARQUET RS ZSTD COMPRESS TIME"                       [parquet/encode]
+    //   "PARQUET RS ZSTD DECOMPRESS TIME"                     [parquet/decode]
+    //   "LANCE COMPRESS TIME"                                 [lance/encode]
+    //   "LANCE DECOMPRESS TIME"                               [lance/decode]
+    //   "VORTEX:LANCE RATIO COMPRESS TIME"                    [drop]
+    //   "VORTEX:PARQUET-ZSTD RATIO COMPRESS TIME"             [drop]
+    //   "VORTEX:RAW RATIO COMPRESS TIME"                      [drop]
+    let lc = cls.chart.to_lowercase();
+    if lc.contains("ratio") || lc.contains(':') {
+        // Ratios are computed at read time from compression_sizes.
+        return None;
+    }
+    let (format, op) = if lc.starts_with("compress time") {
+        ("vortex-file-compressed", "encode")
+    } else if lc.starts_with("decompress time") {
+        ("vortex-file-compressed", "decode")
+    } else if lc.starts_with("parquet rs zstd compress time") {
+        ("parquet", "encode")
+    } else if lc.starts_with("parquet rs zstd decompress time") {
+        ("parquet", "decode")
+    } else if lc.starts_with("lance compress time") {
+        ("lance", "encode")
+    } else if lc.starts_with("lance decompress time") {
+        ("lance", "decode")
+    } else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    let dataset = cls.series.to_lowercase();
+    if dataset.is_empty() || dataset == "default" {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some(V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+        dataset,
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: format.to_string(),
+        op: op.to_string(),
+    })
+}
+
+fn bin_compression_size(cls: &V2Classification, record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    let lc = cls.chart.to_lowercase();
+    // Ratios like "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD SIZE" / "VORTEX:LANCE SIZE" /
+    // "VORTEX:RAW SIZE" are derived from compression_sizes at read
+    // time, not stored.
+    if lc.contains(':') {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // `parquet-zstd size` shares a leading "parquet" with `parquet size`,
+    // so check the more specific prefix first. `format_query` upper-cases
+    // and replaces `-`/`_` with spaces, so the chart we match against is
+    // `"PARQUET ZSTD SIZE"` (no hyphen) — same convention as the existing
+    // `"parquet rs zstd compress time"` branches above.
+    let format = if lc.starts_with("vortex size") {
+        "vortex-file-compressed"
+    } else if lc.starts_with("parquet zstd size") {
+        "parquet-zstd"
+    } else if lc.starts_with("parquet size") {
+        "parquet"
+    } else if lc.starts_with("lance size") {
+        "lance"
+    } else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    let dataset = cls.series.to_lowercase();
+    if dataset.is_empty() || dataset == "default" {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // Mirror the file-sizes ingest path's dataset_variant derivation
+    // (see `migrate::migrate_file_sizes`): pull the SF out of the v2
+    // record's `dataset` object when present, drop empty / "1.0".
+    // Without this both code paths produce the same `mid` only by
+    // accident, so SF=10 file-sizes rows wouldn't merge with the
+    // matching data.json.gz "vortex size/tpch" rows.
+    let dataset_variant = record
+        .dataset
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|d| crate::v2::dataset_scale_factor(d, dataset.as_str()))
+        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty() && s.as_str() != "1.0");
+    Some(V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset,
+        dataset_variant,
+        format: format.to_string(),
+    })
+}
+
+fn bin_query(cls: &V2Classification, record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    let V2Group::Query {
+        suite_index,
+        storage,
+        scale_factor,
+    } = &cls.group
+    else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    let suite = &QUERY_SUITES[*suite_index];
+
+    // Pull the query index from the *raw* name's first part instead of
+    // the formatted chart, so we don't have to round-trip "Q07".
+    let raw_first = record.name.split('/').next().unwrap_or("");
+    let query_idx = parse_query_index_from_first(raw_first)?;
+
+    // Pull engine:format from the raw, pre-rename second segment so v3
+    // stores canonical `Format::name()` strings (e.g.
+    // `vortex-file-compressed`) that match what the v3 live emitter
+    // writes. `cls.series` has been through v2's `ENGINE_RENAMES` for
+    // UI display and is not appropriate for v3 columns.
+    //
+    // Older v2 records emitted display-case engines (e.g. `DataFusion`,
+    // `DuckDB`); newer ones emit lowercase. Lowercase here so dedup
+    // collapses both spellings into a single canonical row.
+    let raw_series = record.name.split('/').nth(1)?;
+    let (engine, format) = split_engine_format(raw_series)?;
+    let engine = engine.to_lowercase();
+    let format = format.to_lowercase();
+
+    let storage_v3 = match storage.as_deref() {
+        Some("S3") => "s3".to_string(),
+        Some("NVMe") => "nvme".to_string(),
+        _ => "nvme".to_string(),
+    };
+
+    // ClickBench's "flavor" lives in dataset_variant per benchmark-mapping.md
+    // - we don't have it from a v2 name string, so we leave it None.
+    Some(V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: suite.prefix.to_string(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: scale_factor.clone(),
+        query_idx,
+        storage: storage_v3,
+        engine,
+        format,
+    })
+}
+
+/// Pull the integer query index out of the leading name part, which is
+/// always `<prefix>_q<NN>` or `<prefix> q<NN>` for SQL query records.
+fn parse_query_index_from_first(first: &str) -> Option<i32> {
+    let lower = first.to_lowercase();
+    for suite in QUERY_SUITES {
+        if let Some(rest) = lower.strip_prefix(suite.prefix)
+            && let Some(idx) = parse_query_index(rest)
+        {
+            return Some(idx as i32);
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Split a renamed series like `datafusion:parquet` into
+/// `(engine, format)`. Returns `None` for series with no `:` since
+/// v3 requires both columns.
+fn split_engine_format(series: &str) -> Option<(String, String)> {
+    let mut split = series.splitn(2, ':');
+    let engine = split.next()?.trim().to_string();
+    let format = split.next()?.trim().to_string();
+    if engine.is_empty() || format.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some((engine, format))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn record(name: &str) -> V2Record {
+        V2Record {
+            name: name.to_string(),
+            commit_id: Some("deadbeef".into()),
+            unit: None,
+            value: None,
+            storage: None,
+            dataset: None,
+            all_runtimes: None,
+            env_triple: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn format_query_round_trips() {
+        assert_eq!(format_query("clickbench_q07"), "CLICKBENCH Q7");
+        assert_eq!(format_query("tpch_q01"), "TPC-H Q1");
+        assert_eq!(format_query("tpcds_q42"), "TPC-DS Q42");
+        assert_eq!(format_query("statpopgen_q3"), "STATPOPGEN Q3");
+        assert_eq!(format_query("foo bar"), "FOO BAR");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn rename_engine_canonicalizes_disk_names() {
+        assert_eq!(rename_engine("vortex-tokio-local-disk"), "vortex-nvme");
+        assert_eq!(
+            rename_engine("datafusion:vortex-file-compressed"),
+            "datafusion:vortex"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(rename_engine("unknown-engine"), "unknown-engine");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_query_index_handles_separators() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_query_index("_q07"), Some(7));
+        assert_eq!(parse_query_index(" q7"), Some(7));
+        assert_eq!(parse_query_index("q42"), Some(42));
+        assert_eq!(parse_query_index("xq7"), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn random_access_bins_dataset_pattern() {
+        let bin = classify(&record("random-access/taxi/take/parquet")).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            bin,
+            V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+                dataset: "taxi/take".into(),
+                format: "parquet".into(),
+            }
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28d63a5bd19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Commit upserts. Adapts a [`crate::v2::V2Commit`] into the v3
+//! `commits` row shape (a [`vortex_bench_server::records::CommitInfo`]).
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use duckdb::Transaction;
+use duckdb::params;
+
+use crate::v2::V2Commit;
+
+/// Insert a v3 `commits` row for one v2 commit. Missing fields are
+/// filled with the empty string, matching the v3 schema's `NOT NULL`
+/// constraints; the call site logs a warning for each fallback so
+/// the operator can spot bad inputs.
+pub fn upsert_commit(tx: &Transaction<'_>, commit: &V2Commit) -> Result<UpsertOutcome> {
+    let mut warnings = Vec::new();
+    let timestamp = require_field(&commit.timestamp, "timestamp", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
+    let message = require_field(&commit.message, "message", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
+    let author_name = require_field(
+        &commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()),
+        "author.name",
+        &commit.id,
+        &mut warnings,
+    );
+    let author_email = require_field(
+        &commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()),
+        "author.email",
+        &commit.id,
+        &mut warnings,
+    );
+    let committer_name = require_field(
+        &commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()),
+        "committer.name",
+        &commit.id,
+        &mut warnings,
+    );
+    let committer_email = require_field(
+        &commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()),
+        "committer.email",
+        &commit.id,
+        &mut warnings,
+    );
+    let tree_sha = require_field(&commit.tree_id, "tree_id", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
+    let url = require_field(&commit.url, "url", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
+
+    tx.execute(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO commits (
+            commit_sha, timestamp, message, author_name, author_email,
+            committer_name, committer_email, tree_sha, url
+        ) VALUES (?, CAST(? AS TIMESTAMPTZ), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+        ON CONFLICT (commit_sha) DO UPDATE SET
+            timestamp       = excluded.timestamp,
+            message         = excluded.message,
+            author_name     = excluded.author_name,
+            author_email    = excluded.author_email,
+            committer_name  = excluded.committer_name,
+            committer_email = excluded.committer_email,
+            tree_sha        = excluded.tree_sha,
+            url             = excluded.url
+        "#,
+        params![
+            commit.id,
+            timestamp,
+            message,
+            author_name,
+            author_email,
+            committer_name,
+            committer_email,
+            tree_sha,
+            url,
+        ],
+    )
+    .with_context(|| format!("upserting commit {}", commit.id))?;
+    Ok(UpsertOutcome { warnings })
+}
+
+fn require_field(
+    field: &Option<String>,
+    name: &str,
+    sha: &str,
+    warnings: &mut Vec<String>,
+) -> String {
+    match field {
+        Some(s) => s.clone(),
+        None => {
+            warnings.push(format!("commit {sha} missing {name}"));
+            String::new()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Per-call warning bag returned to the caller for logging.
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct UpsertOutcome {
+    pub warnings: Vec<String>,
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/lib.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e8d9c64907
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! One-shot historical migrator from v2's S3-hosted benchmark dataset
+//! to a v3 DuckDB file.
+//!
+//! The v2 dataset is JSONL of bare benchmark records keyed by name string.
+//! v3 uses five typed fact tables with explicit dim columns. This crate
+//! ports v2's `getGroup` classifier (in `benchmarks-website/server.js`)
+//! bug-for-bug so that historical rows survive the migration with the
+//! same group / chart / series structure as the live v2 server.
+//!
+//! The migrator is throwaway: once v3 cuts over, both the binary and
+//! the classifier go away.
+
+pub mod classifier;
+pub mod commits;
+pub mod migrate;
+pub mod source;
+pub mod v2;
+pub mod verify;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..366834ed441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! `vortex-bench-migrate` CLI: a one-shot historical migrator from
+//! v2's S3 dataset into a v3 DuckDB file, plus a structural diff
+//! against the live v2 `/api/metadata` endpoint for spotting
+//! classifier regressions.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::process::ExitCode;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use clap::Parser;
+use clap::Subcommand;
+use clap::ValueEnum;
+use tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::migrate;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::source::Source;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::verify;
+
+/// One-shot historical migrator from v2's S3 dataset to v3 DuckDB.
+#[derive(Debug, Parser)]
+#[command(name = "vortex-bench-migrate", version, about)]
+struct Cli {
+    #[command(subcommand)]
+    command: Command,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Subcommand)]
+enum Command {
+    /// Read v2's data.json.gz / commits.json / file-sizes-*.json.gz
+    /// and write a fully populated v3 DuckDB at `--output`.
+    Run {
+        /// Path to write the v3 DuckDB to. Created if absent.
+        #[arg(long)]
+        output: PathBuf,
+        /// Where to fetch v2 dumps from.
+        #[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t = SourceKind::PublicS3)]
+        source: SourceKind,
+        /// For `--source=local`, the directory containing
+        /// `data.json.gz`, `commits.json`, and `file-sizes-*.json.gz`.
+        #[arg(long, required_if_eq("source", "local"))]
+        source_dir: Option<PathBuf>,
+    },
+    /// Diff a migrated DuckDB against the live v2 `/api/metadata`
+    /// endpoint. Exits 0 if every v2 group is present in v3, 1
+    /// otherwise so this can gate a CI step.
+    Verify {
+        /// HTTPS root of a running v2 server (e.g. `https://bench.vortex.dev`).
+        #[arg(long)]
+        against: String,
+        /// Path to the migrated v3 DuckDB.
+        #[arg(long)]
+        duckdb: PathBuf,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, ValueEnum)]
+enum SourceKind {
+    PublicS3,
+    Local,
+}
+
+fn main() -> ExitCode {
+    if let Err(err) = run() {
+        eprintln!("error: {err:#}");
+        return ExitCode::from(2);
+    }
+    ExitCode::SUCCESS
+}
+
+fn run() -> Result<()> {
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_env_filter(
+            EnvFilter::try_from_env("VORTEX_BENCH_LOG").unwrap_or_else(|_| EnvFilter::new("info")),
+        )
+        .init();
+
+    let cli = Cli::parse();
+    match cli.command {
+        Command::Run {
+            output,
+            source,
+            source_dir,
+        } => {
+            let source = match source {
+                SourceKind::PublicS3 => Source::PublicS3,
+                SourceKind::Local => {
+                    Source::Local(source_dir.context("--source=local requires --source-dir")?)
+                }
+            };
+            let summary = migrate::run(&source, &output)?;
+            print!("{summary}");
+            if summary.uncategorized_fraction() > 0.05 {
+                anyhow::bail!(
+                    "uncategorized records ({:.2}%) exceed the 5% gate; \
+                     stop and report unmatched prefixes (see summary above) \
+                     before proceeding",
+                    100.0 * summary.uncategorized_fraction()
+                );
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        Command::Verify { against, duckdb } => {
+            let report = verify::run(&against, &duckdb)?;
+            print!("{report}");
+            if !report.v2_groups_covered() {
+                std::process::exit(1);
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b3b32bb51c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,836 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! End-to-end migration of one v2 dataset into a v3 DuckDB file.
+//!
+//! Streams `data.json.gz` line-by-line, runs each record through the
+//! [`classifier`], and writes one row per record into the appropriate v3 fact table.
+//! Every row's `measurement_id` is computed via the server's `measurement_id_*` functions so the
+//! result is byte-compatible with what fresh `/api/ingest` would have produced.
+//!
+//! Bulk-load shape: rows are accumulated in memory as parallel column
+//! vectors, deduplicated by `measurement_id`, then flushed to DuckDB
+//! via `Appender::append_record_batch` as one Arrow `RecordBatch` per
+//! fact table.
+
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::io::BufRead;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use arrow_array::ArrayRef;
+use arrow_array::Int32Array;
+use arrow_array::Int64Array;
+use arrow_array::ListArray;
+use arrow_array::RecordBatch;
+use arrow_array::StringArray;
+use arrow_buffer::OffsetBuffer;
+use arrow_schema::DataType;
+use arrow_schema::Field;
+use arrow_schema::Schema;
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use tracing::info;
+use tracing::warn;
+use vortex_bench_server::db::measurement_id_compression_size;
+use vortex_bench_server::db::measurement_id_compression_time;
+use vortex_bench_server::db::measurement_id_query;
+use vortex_bench_server::db::measurement_id_random_access;
+use vortex_bench_server::records::CompressionSize;
+use vortex_bench_server::records::CompressionTime;
+use vortex_bench_server::records::QueryMeasurement;
+use vortex_bench_server::records::RandomAccessTime;
+use vortex_bench_server::schema::SCHEMA_DDL;
+use vortex_utils::aliases::hash_map::HashMap;
+
+use crate::classifier;
+use crate::classifier::V3Bin;
+use crate::commits::upsert_commit;
+use crate::source::Source;
+use crate::v2::V2Commit;
+use crate::v2::V2FileSize;
+use crate::v2::V2Record;
+use crate::v2::index_commits;
+use crate::v2::runtime_as_i64;
+use crate::v2::value_as_f64;
+
+/// Per-table insert counts, plus skip / missing counts.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct MigrationSummary {
+    pub records_read: u64,
+    pub query_inserted: u64,
+    pub compression_time_inserted: u64,
+    pub compression_size_inserted: u64,
+    pub random_access_inserted: u64,
+    pub file_size_inserted: u64,
+    pub uncategorized: u64,
+    pub uncategorized_prefixes: BTreeMap<String, u64>,
+    pub missing_commit: u64,
+    pub commit_warnings: u64,
+    pub skipped_no_value: u64,
+    pub skipped_intentional: u64,
+    pub commits_inserted: u64,
+    pub deduped: u64,
+    /// Number of records dropped by dedup whose `value_ns` (or
+    /// `value_bytes` for compression_sizes' replace path) differed
+    /// from the kept row's. Non-zero is a smell worth investigating.
+    pub deduped_with_conflict: u64,
+}
+
+impl MigrationSummary {
+    /// Total `data.json.gz` records that landed in some v3 fact table.
+    pub fn total_inserted(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.query_inserted
+            + self.compression_time_inserted
+            + self.compression_size_inserted
+            + self.random_access_inserted
+    }
+
+    /// Fraction of records that were uncategorized. The orchestrator
+    /// stops if this exceeds the documented 5% threshold.
+    pub fn uncategorized_fraction(&self) -> f64 {
+        if self.records_read == 0 {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+        self.uncategorized as f64 / self.records_read as f64
+    }
+}
+
+/// Open or create a DuckDB at `path` and apply the v3 schema. The
+/// migrator is a one-shot fresh load; the bulk-append flush is pure
+/// insert (no `ON CONFLICT`), so any stale rows in `path` would clash
+/// with the next run on the same primary keys. Delete both the
+/// database file and its WAL companion up front so every run starts
+/// from a known-empty state.
+pub fn open_target_db(path: &Path) -> Result<Connection> {
+    remove_if_exists(path)?;
+    let wal = wal_path(path);
+    remove_if_exists(&wal)?;
+    let conn =
+        Connection::open(path).with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", path.display()))?;
+    conn.execute_batch(SCHEMA_DDL)
+        .context("applying v3 schema DDL")?;
+    Ok(conn)
+}
+
+fn remove_if_exists(path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
+    match std::fs::remove_file(path) {
+        Ok(()) => {
+            info!(path = %path.display(), "removed pre-existing target file");
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Ok(()),
+        Err(e) => Err(e).with_context(|| format!("removing {}", path.display())),
+    }
+}
+
+/// DuckDB writes its write-ahead log next to the database file with a
+/// `.wal` suffix appended (e.g. `v3.duckdb` -> `v3.duckdb.wal`).
+fn wal_path(path: &Path) -> std::path::PathBuf {
+    let mut name = path.as_os_str().to_owned();
+    name.push(".wal");
+    std::path::PathBuf::from(name)
+}
+
+/// Run the whole migration: commits, data.json.gz, and every
+/// file-sizes-*.json.gz under the source.
+pub fn run(source: &Source, target: &Path) -> Result<MigrationSummary> {
+    let mut conn = open_target_db(target)?;
+    let mut summary = MigrationSummary::default();
+
+    info!(source = %source.describe(), "Reading commits.json");
+    let commits = read_commits(source)?;
+    info!(commits = commits.len(), "Loaded commits");
+    summary.commits_inserted = upsert_all_commits(&mut conn, &commits, &mut summary)?;
+
+    let mut q = QueryAccum::default();
+    let mut ct = CompressionTimeAccum::default();
+    let mut cs = CompressionSizeAccum::default();
+    let mut ra = RandomAccessAccum::default();
+
+    info!("Migrating data.json.gz");
+    migrate_data_jsonl(
+        source,
+        &commits,
+        &mut summary,
+        &mut q,
+        &mut ct,
+        &mut cs,
+        &mut ra,
+    )?;
+    info!(records = summary.records_read, "data.json.gz done");
+
+    for name in source.list_file_sizes()? {
+        info!(name = %name, "Migrating file-sizes");
+        if let Err(e) = migrate_file_sizes(source, &name, &commits, &mut summary, &mut cs) {
+            warn!("file-sizes file {name} failed: {e:#}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    info!("Flushing accumulators to DuckDB");
+    summary.query_inserted = q.measurement_id.len() as u64;
+    summary.compression_time_inserted = ct.measurement_id.len() as u64;
+    summary.random_access_inserted = ra.measurement_id.len() as u64;
+    summary.compression_size_inserted = cs.rows.len() as u64;
+
+    flush(&conn, "query_measurements", build_query_batch(q)?)?;
+    flush(
+        &conn,
+        "compression_times",
+        build_compression_time_batch(ct)?,
+    )?;
+    flush(&conn, "random_access_times", build_random_access_batch(ra)?)?;
+    flush(
+        &conn,
+        "compression_sizes",
+        build_compression_size_batch(cs)?,
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(summary)
+}
+
+fn read_commits(source: &Source) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>> {
+    let reader = source.open_commits_jsonl()?;
+    let mut commits: Vec<V2Commit> = Vec::new();
+    for line in reader.lines() {
+        let line = line?;
+        let trimmed = line.trim();
+        if trimmed.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        match serde_json::from_str::<V2Commit>(trimmed) {
+            Ok(c) => commits.push(c),
+            Err(e) => warn!("skipping malformed commits.json line: {e}"),
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(index_commits(commits))
+}
+
+fn upsert_all_commits(
+    conn: &mut Connection,
+    commits: &BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>,
+    summary: &mut MigrationSummary,
+) -> Result<u64> {
+    let tx = conn.transaction().context("begin commits transaction")?;
+    let mut count = 0u64;
+    for commit in commits.values() {
+        let outcome = upsert_commit(&tx, commit)?;
+        for w in outcome.warnings {
+            warn!("{w}");
+            summary.commit_warnings += 1;
+        }
+        count += 1;
+    }
+    tx.commit().context("commit commits transaction")?;
+    Ok(count)
+}
+
+/// Stream `data.json.gz` and push classified records into the
+/// per-table accumulators. Dedup happens inside each accumulator's
+/// `push` method by `measurement_id`.
+fn migrate_data_jsonl(
+    source: &Source,
+    commits: &BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>,
+    summary: &mut MigrationSummary,
+    q: &mut QueryAccum,
+    ct: &mut CompressionTimeAccum,
+    cs: &mut CompressionSizeAccum,
+    ra: &mut RandomAccessAccum,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let reader = source.open_data_jsonl()?;
+    let started = Instant::now();
+    let mut last_log = Instant::now();
+    for line in reader.lines() {
+        let line = line?;
+        let trimmed = line.trim();
+        if trimmed.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        summary.records_read += 1;
+        let record: V2Record = match serde_json::from_str(trimmed) {
+            Ok(r) => r,
+            Err(e) => {
+                warn!("skipping malformed data.json line: {e}");
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+        apply_v2_record(&record, commits, summary, q, ct, cs, ra);
+        if last_log.elapsed() >= Duration::from_secs(5) {
+            let elapsed = started.elapsed().as_secs_f64();
+            let rate = summary.records_read as f64 / elapsed.max(0.001);
+            info!(
+                records = summary.records_read,
+                rate = format!("{rate:.0}/s"),
+                query = q.measurement_id.len(),
+                compression_time = ct.measurement_id.len(),
+                compression_size = cs.rows.len(),
+                random_access = ra.measurement_id.len(),
+                "migration progress",
+            );
+            last_log = Instant::now();
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn apply_v2_record(
+    record: &V2Record,
+    commits: &BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>,
+    summary: &mut MigrationSummary,
+    q: &mut QueryAccum,
+    ct: &mut CompressionTimeAccum,
+    cs: &mut CompressionSizeAccum,
+    ra: &mut RandomAccessAccum,
+) {
+    let Some(sha) = record.commit_id.clone() else {
+        summary.missing_commit += 1;
+        return;
+    };
+    if !commits.contains_key(&sha) {
+        summary.missing_commit += 1;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let bin = match classifier::classify_outcome(record) {
+        classifier::Outcome::Bin(b) => b,
+        classifier::Outcome::Skip(_) => {
+            summary.skipped_intentional += 1;
+            return;
+        }
+        classifier::Outcome::Unknown => {
+            summary.uncategorized += 1;
+            let prefix = record.name.split('/').next().unwrap_or("").to_string();
+            *summary.uncategorized_prefixes.entry(prefix).or_insert(0) += 1;
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+
+    let env_triple = record.env_triple.as_ref().and_then(|t| t.to_triple());
+    let runtimes = record
+        .all_runtimes
+        .as_ref()
+        .map(|v| v.iter().filter_map(runtime_as_i64).collect::<Vec<i64>>())
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+    let value_f64 = match record.value.as_ref().and_then(value_as_f64) {
+        Some(v) => v,
+        None => {
+            summary.skipped_no_value += 1;
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+
+    match bin {
+        V3Bin::Query {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            scale_factor,
+            query_idx,
+            storage,
+            engine,
+            format,
+        } => {
+            let qm = QueryMeasurement {
+                commit_sha: sha,
+                dataset,
+                dataset_variant,
+                scale_factor,
+                query_idx,
+                storage,
+                engine,
+                format,
+                value_ns: value_f64 as i64,
+                all_runtimes_ns: runtimes,
+                peak_physical: None,
+                peak_virtual: None,
+                physical_delta: None,
+                virtual_delta: None,
+                env_triple,
+            };
+            let mid = measurement_id_query(&qm);
+            q.push(mid, qm, summary);
+        }
+        V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            format,
+            op,
+        } => {
+            let ctr = CompressionTime {
+                commit_sha: sha,
+                dataset,
+                dataset_variant,
+                format,
+                op,
+                value_ns: value_f64 as i64,
+                all_runtimes_ns: runtimes,
+                env_triple,
+            };
+            let mid = measurement_id_compression_time(&ctr);
+            ct.push(mid, ctr, summary);
+        }
+        V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            format,
+        } => {
+            let csr = CompressionSize {
+                commit_sha: sha,
+                dataset,
+                dataset_variant,
+                format,
+                value_bytes: value_f64 as i64,
+            };
+            let mid = measurement_id_compression_size(&csr);
+            cs.push_replace(mid, csr, summary);
+        }
+        V3Bin::RandomAccess { dataset, format } => {
+            let rar = RandomAccessTime {
+                commit_sha: sha,
+                dataset,
+                format,
+                value_ns: value_f64 as i64,
+                all_runtimes_ns: runtimes,
+                env_triple,
+            };
+            let mid = measurement_id_random_access(&rar);
+            ra.push(mid, rar, summary);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn migrate_file_sizes(
+    source: &Source,
+    name: &str,
+    commits: &BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>,
+    summary: &mut MigrationSummary,
+    cs: &mut CompressionSizeAccum,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let reader = source.open_file_sizes(name)?;
+    let dataset_fallback = name
+        .strip_prefix("file-sizes-")
+        .and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix(".json.gz"))
+        .unwrap_or(name)
+        .to_string();
+    let started = Instant::now();
+    let mut last_log = Instant::now();
+    for line in reader.lines() {
+        let line = line?;
+        let trimmed = line.trim();
+        if trimmed.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let sz: V2FileSize = match serde_json::from_str(trimmed) {
+            Ok(r) => r,
+            Err(e) => {
+                warn!("skipping malformed {name} line: {e}");
+                continue;
+            }
+        };
+        if !commits.contains_key(&sz.commit_id) {
+            summary.missing_commit += 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        let dataset = if sz.benchmark.is_empty() {
+            dataset_fallback.clone()
+        } else {
+            sz.benchmark.clone()
+        };
+        let dataset_variant = sz
+            .scale_factor
+            .as_ref()
+            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty() && s.as_str() != "1.0")
+            .cloned();
+        let csr = CompressionSize {
+            commit_sha: sz.commit_id.clone(),
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            format: sz.format.clone(),
+            value_bytes: sz.size_bytes,
+        };
+        let mid = measurement_id_compression_size(&csr);
+        cs.push_sum(mid, csr);
+        summary.file_size_inserted += 1;
+        if last_log.elapsed() >= Duration::from_secs(5) {
+            let elapsed = started.elapsed().as_secs_f64();
+            let rate = summary.file_size_inserted as f64 / elapsed.max(0.001);
+            info!(
+                name = %name,
+                file_sizes = summary.file_size_inserted,
+                rate = format!("{rate:.0}/s"),
+                "file-sizes progress",
+            );
+            last_log = Instant::now();
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Append an Arrow `RecordBatch` to a DuckDB table via `Appender`.
+fn flush(conn: &Connection, table: &str, batch: RecordBatch) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut app = conn
+        .appender(table)
+        .with_context(|| format!("opening appender for {table}"))?;
+    app.append_record_batch(batch)
+        .with_context(|| format!("appending record batch to {table}"))?;
+    drop(app);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct QueryAccum {
+    measurement_id: Vec<i64>,
+    commit_sha: Vec<String>,
+    dataset: Vec<String>,
+    dataset_variant: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    scale_factor: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    query_idx: Vec<i32>,
+    storage: Vec<String>,
+    engine: Vec<String>,
+    format: Vec<String>,
+    value_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    all_runtimes_ns: Vec<Vec<i64>>,
+    peak_physical: Vec<Option<i64>>,
+    peak_virtual: Vec<Option<i64>>,
+    physical_delta: Vec<Option<i64>>,
+    virtual_delta: Vec<Option<i64>>,
+    env_triple: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    /// `mid` -> index in the parallel column vecs. Lets us look up the
+    /// kept row's `value_ns` on collision so we can flag conflicts.
+    seen: HashMap<i64, usize>,
+}
+
+impl QueryAccum {
+    fn push(&mut self, mid: i64, r: QueryMeasurement, summary: &mut MigrationSummary) {
+        if let Some(&idx) = self.seen.get(&mid) {
+            summary.deduped += 1;
+            if self.value_ns[idx] != r.value_ns {
+                summary.deduped_with_conflict += 1;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        let idx = self.measurement_id.len();
+        self.seen.insert(mid, idx);
+        self.measurement_id.push(mid);
+        self.commit_sha.push(r.commit_sha);
+        self.dataset.push(r.dataset);
+        self.dataset_variant.push(r.dataset_variant);
+        self.scale_factor.push(r.scale_factor);
+        self.query_idx.push(r.query_idx);
+        self.storage.push(r.storage);
+        self.engine.push(r.engine);
+        self.format.push(r.format);
+        self.value_ns.push(r.value_ns);
+        self.all_runtimes_ns.push(r.all_runtimes_ns);
+        self.peak_physical.push(r.peak_physical);
+        self.peak_virtual.push(r.peak_virtual);
+        self.physical_delta.push(r.physical_delta);
+        self.virtual_delta.push(r.virtual_delta);
+        self.env_triple.push(r.env_triple);
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct CompressionTimeAccum {
+    measurement_id: Vec<i64>,
+    commit_sha: Vec<String>,
+    dataset: Vec<String>,
+    dataset_variant: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    format: Vec<String>,
+    op: Vec<String>,
+    value_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    all_runtimes_ns: Vec<Vec<i64>>,
+    env_triple: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    seen: HashMap<i64, usize>,
+}
+
+impl CompressionTimeAccum {
+    fn push(&mut self, mid: i64, r: CompressionTime, summary: &mut MigrationSummary) {
+        if let Some(&idx) = self.seen.get(&mid) {
+            summary.deduped += 1;
+            if self.value_ns[idx] != r.value_ns {
+                summary.deduped_with_conflict += 1;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        let idx = self.measurement_id.len();
+        self.seen.insert(mid, idx);
+        self.measurement_id.push(mid);
+        self.commit_sha.push(r.commit_sha);
+        self.dataset.push(r.dataset);
+        self.dataset_variant.push(r.dataset_variant);
+        self.format.push(r.format);
+        self.op.push(r.op);
+        self.value_ns.push(r.value_ns);
+        self.all_runtimes_ns.push(r.all_runtimes_ns);
+        self.env_triple.push(r.env_triple);
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct RandomAccessAccum {
+    measurement_id: Vec<i64>,
+    commit_sha: Vec<String>,
+    dataset: Vec<String>,
+    format: Vec<String>,
+    value_ns: Vec<i64>,
+    all_runtimes_ns: Vec<Vec<i64>>,
+    env_triple: Vec<Option<String>>,
+    seen: HashMap<i64, usize>,
+}
+
+impl RandomAccessAccum {
+    fn push(&mut self, mid: i64, r: RandomAccessTime, summary: &mut MigrationSummary) {
+        if let Some(&idx) = self.seen.get(&mid) {
+            summary.deduped += 1;
+            if self.value_ns[idx] != r.value_ns {
+                summary.deduped_with_conflict += 1;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        let idx = self.measurement_id.len();
+        self.seen.insert(mid, idx);
+        self.measurement_id.push(mid);
+        self.commit_sha.push(r.commit_sha);
+        self.dataset.push(r.dataset);
+        self.format.push(r.format);
+        self.value_ns.push(r.value_ns);
+        self.all_runtimes_ns.push(r.all_runtimes_ns);
+        self.env_triple.push(r.env_triple);
+    }
+}
+
+/// `compression_sizes` is fed by both data.json.gz (replace-on-collision)
+/// and file-sizes-*.json.gz (sum-on-collision). Stored as a map; converted
+/// to a `RecordBatch` at flush time.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct CompressionSizeAccum {
+    rows: HashMap<i64, CompressionSize>,
+}
+
+impl CompressionSizeAccum {
+    /// data.json.gz path: latest write wins, mirroring the prior
+    /// `ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE SET value_bytes = excluded.value_bytes`.
+    /// Bumps `deduped_with_conflict` when an existing row's
+    /// `value_bytes` differs from the incoming row's, so silent
+    /// value-corruption is observable.
+    fn push_replace(&mut self, mid: i64, r: CompressionSize, summary: &mut MigrationSummary) {
+        if let Some(existing) = self.rows.get(&mid)
+            && existing.value_bytes != r.value_bytes
+        {
+            summary.deduped_with_conflict += 1;
+        }
+        self.rows.insert(mid, r);
+    }
+
+    /// file-sizes-*.json.gz path: per-file rows aggregate into one
+    /// `(commit, dataset, dataset_variant, format)` row by summing,
+    /// mirroring the prior `value_bytes = compression_sizes.value_bytes
+    /// + excluded.value_bytes`.
+    fn push_sum(&mut self, mid: i64, r: CompressionSize) {
+        let add = r.value_bytes;
+        self.rows
+            .entry(mid)
+            .and_modify(|x| x.value_bytes += add)
+            .or_insert(r);
+    }
+}
+
+fn build_query_batch(a: QueryAccum) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("measurement_id", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new("commit_sha", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset_variant", DataType::Utf8, true),
+        Field::new("scale_factor", DataType::Utf8, true),
+        Field::new("query_idx", DataType::Int32, false),
+        Field::new("storage", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("engine", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("format", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("value_ns", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new(
+            "all_runtimes_ns",
+            DataType::List(Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Int64, false))),
+            false,
+        ),
+        Field::new("peak_physical", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("peak_virtual", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("physical_delta", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("virtual_delta", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("env_triple", DataType::Utf8, true),
+    ]));
+    let cols: Vec<ArrayRef> = vec![
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.measurement_id)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.commit_sha)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.dataset)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.dataset_variant)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.scale_factor)),
+        Arc::new(Int32Array::from(a.query_idx)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.storage)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.engine)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.format)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.value_ns)),
+        Arc::new(build_list_int64(a.all_runtimes_ns)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.peak_physical)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.peak_virtual)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.physical_delta)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.virtual_delta)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.env_triple)),
+    ];
+    Ok(RecordBatch::try_new(schema, cols)?)
+}
+
+fn build_compression_time_batch(a: CompressionTimeAccum) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("measurement_id", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new("commit_sha", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset_variant", DataType::Utf8, true),
+        Field::new("format", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("op", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("value_ns", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new(
+            "all_runtimes_ns",
+            DataType::List(Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Int64, false))),
+            false,
+        ),
+        Field::new("env_triple", DataType::Utf8, true),
+    ]));
+    let cols: Vec<ArrayRef> = vec![
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.measurement_id)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.commit_sha)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.dataset)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.dataset_variant)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.format)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.op)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.value_ns)),
+        Arc::new(build_list_int64(a.all_runtimes_ns)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.env_triple)),
+    ];
+    Ok(RecordBatch::try_new(schema, cols)?)
+}
+
+fn build_random_access_batch(a: RandomAccessAccum) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("measurement_id", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new("commit_sha", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("format", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("value_ns", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new(
+            "all_runtimes_ns",
+            DataType::List(Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Int64, false))),
+            false,
+        ),
+        Field::new("env_triple", DataType::Utf8, true),
+    ]));
+    let cols: Vec<ArrayRef> = vec![
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.measurement_id)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.commit_sha)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.dataset)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.format)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(a.value_ns)),
+        Arc::new(build_list_int64(a.all_runtimes_ns)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(a.env_triple)),
+    ];
+    Ok(RecordBatch::try_new(schema, cols)?)
+}
+
+fn build_compression_size_batch(a: CompressionSizeAccum) -> Result<RecordBatch> {
+    let n = a.rows.len();
+    let mut measurement_id = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    let mut commit_sha = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    let mut dataset = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    let mut dataset_variant = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    let mut format = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    let mut value_bytes = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+    for (mid, cs) in a.rows {
+        measurement_id.push(mid);
+        commit_sha.push(cs.commit_sha);
+        dataset.push(cs.dataset);
+        dataset_variant.push(cs.dataset_variant);
+        format.push(cs.format);
+        value_bytes.push(cs.value_bytes);
+    }
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("measurement_id", DataType::Int64, false),
+        Field::new("commit_sha", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("dataset_variant", DataType::Utf8, true),
+        Field::new("format", DataType::Utf8, false),
+        Field::new("value_bytes", DataType::Int64, false),
+    ]));
+    let cols: Vec<ArrayRef> = vec![
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(measurement_id)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(commit_sha)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(dataset)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(dataset_variant)),
+        Arc::new(StringArray::from(format)),
+        Arc::new(Int64Array::from(value_bytes)),
+    ];
+    Ok(RecordBatch::try_new(schema, cols)?)
+}
+
+/// Build a non-nullable `List<Int64>` Arrow array from one inner Vec
+/// per row. The outer list is non-null; inner i64 values are non-null.
+fn build_list_int64(values: Vec<Vec<i64>>) -> ListArray {
+    let mut offsets: Vec<i32> = Vec::with_capacity(values.len() + 1);
+    offsets.push(0);
+    let mut flat: Vec<i64> = Vec::new();
+    for inner in values {
+        flat.extend_from_slice(&inner);
+        offsets.push(flat.len() as i32);
+    }
+    let values_arr = Int64Array::from(flat);
+    let field = Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Int64, false));
+    ListArray::new(
+        field,
+        OffsetBuffer::new(offsets.into()),
+        Arc::new(values_arr),
+        None,
+    )
+}
+
+/// Print the summary in a human-readable form. Returned by the CLI.
+impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f, "Records read:           {}", self.records_read)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Commits upserted:       {}", self.commits_inserted)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Commit warnings:        {}", self.commit_warnings)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Inserted (query):       {}", self.query_inserted)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Inserted (compress t):  {}",
+            self.compression_time_inserted
+        )?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Inserted (compress s):  {}",
+            self.compression_size_inserted
+        )?;
+        writeln!(f, "Inserted (random acc):  {}", self.random_access_inserted)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Inserted (file sizes):  {}", self.file_size_inserted)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Missing commit:         {}", self.missing_commit)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Skipped (no value):     {}", self.skipped_no_value)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Skipped (intentional):  {}", self.skipped_intentional)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Deduplicated:           {}", self.deduped)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Dedup w/ value diff:    {}", self.deduped_with_conflict)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Uncategorized:          {} ({:.2}%)",
+            self.uncategorized,
+            100.0 * self.uncategorized_fraction()
+        )?;
+        if !self.uncategorized_prefixes.is_empty() {
+            let mut top: Vec<_> = self.uncategorized_prefixes.iter().collect();
+            top.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(a.1));
+            writeln!(f, "Top uncategorized prefixes:")?;
+            for (prefix, n) in top.iter().take(20) {
+                writeln!(f, "  {prefix:>32} : {n}")?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c18e86a63ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Streaming readers for v2's public S3 bucket.
+//!
+//! The bucket is `--no-sign-request`, so we fetch the underlying
+//! HTTPS URL directly and stream-decompress with `flate2`. The
+//! downloads are wrapped in [`reqwest::blocking`] to keep the read
+//! path synchronous; the binary's hot path is single-threaded
+//! per-source already (DuckDB is a single-writer).
+//!
+//! For tests and offline runs, [`Source::Local`] accepts a local
+//! directory of dumps; the migrator's `--source` flag picks the
+//! variant.
+
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::BufRead;
+use std::io::BufReader;
+use std::io::Read;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use flate2::read::GzDecoder;
+use tracing::info;
+
+/// Public S3 bucket the live v2 server reads from.
+pub const PUBLIC_BUCKET_BASE: &str = "https://vortex-ci-benchmark-results.s3.amazonaws.com";
+
+/// Where to read the v2 dataset from. Either the public S3 bucket
+/// (the live deployment) or a local directory of dumps.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum Source {
+    /// HTTPS GETs against `s3.amazonaws.com`.
+    PublicS3,
+    /// A directory containing `data.json.gz`, `commits.json`, and
+    /// `file-sizes-*.json.gz` files.
+    Local(PathBuf),
+}
+
+impl Source {
+    /// Short human-readable description for log messages.
+    pub fn describe(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            Source::PublicS3 => "public S3 bucket".to_string(),
+            Source::Local(p) => format!("local dir {}", p.display()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Open `data.json.gz` for streaming, decompressing on the fly.
+    pub fn open_data_jsonl(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn BufRead>> {
+        let stream = self.open_raw("data.json.gz")?;
+        Ok(Box::new(BufReader::new(GzDecoder::new(stream))))
+    }
+
+    /// Open `commits.json` (uncompressed).
+    pub fn open_commits_jsonl(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn BufRead>> {
+        let stream = self.open_raw("commits.json")?;
+        Ok(Box::new(BufReader::new(stream)))
+    }
+
+    /// Enumerate `file-sizes-*.json.gz` files. For local sources this
+    /// is a directory glob; for the public bucket we hit the documented
+    /// suite ids.
+    pub fn list_file_sizes(&self) -> Result<Vec<String>> {
+        match self {
+            Source::Local(dir) => {
+                let mut out = Vec::new();
+                for entry in std::fs::read_dir(dir)? {
+                    let entry = entry?;
+                    let name = entry.file_name();
+                    let s = name.to_string_lossy();
+                    if s.starts_with("file-sizes-") && s.ends_with(".json.gz") {
+                        out.push(s.into_owned());
+                    }
+                }
+                out.sort();
+                Ok(out)
+            }
+            Source::PublicS3 => {
+                // The S3 bucket's ListObjects is denied for unsigned
+                // requests, so we hit the documented per-suite keys
+                // emitted by `.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml`.
+                Ok(KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|id| format!("file-sizes-{id}.json.gz"))
+                    .collect())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Open one `file-sizes-*.json.gz` for streaming.
+    pub fn open_file_sizes(&self, name: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn BufRead>> {
+        let stream = self.open_raw(name)?;
+        Ok(Box::new(BufReader::new(GzDecoder::new(stream))))
+    }
+
+    fn open_raw(&self, name: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn Read + Send>> {
+        match self {
+            Source::Local(dir) => open_local(&dir.join(name)),
+            Source::PublicS3 => open_s3(name),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn open_local(path: &Path) -> Result<Box<dyn Read + Send>> {
+    let f = File::open(path).with_context(|| format!("opening {}", path.display()))?;
+    Ok(Box::new(f))
+}
+
+fn open_s3(name: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn Read + Send>> {
+    let url = format!("{PUBLIC_BUCKET_BASE}/{name}");
+    info!(url = %url, "GET");
+    let resp = reqwest::blocking::get(&url).with_context(|| format!("GET {url}"))?;
+    if !resp.status().is_success() {
+        anyhow::bail!("GET {url} returned {}", resp.status());
+    }
+    Ok(Box::new(resp))
+}
+
+/// Suite IDs we know publish a `file-sizes-{id}.json.gz` to S3.
+///
+/// Source of truth: the `matrix.id` values in
+/// `.github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml`'s `benchmark_matrix` default.
+/// The post-bench `file-sizes` step uploads `file-sizes-${{ matrix.id
+/// }}.json.gz`, so this list must match those IDs verbatim. Adding a
+/// new matrix entry to that workflow means adding the same ID here.
+const KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES: &[&str] = &[
+    "clickbench-nvme",
+    "tpch-nvme",
+    "tpch-s3",
+    "tpch-nvme-10",
+    "tpch-s3-10",
+    "tpcds-nvme",
+    "statpopgen",
+    "fineweb",
+    "fineweb-s3",
+    "polarsignals",
+];
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a9d3bdf5d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Wire shapes of the v2 benchmark dataset on S3.
+//!
+//! These types capture only the fields the migrator reads. v2 records
+//! are serialized by `vortex-bench` (see `vortex-bench/src/measurements.rs`)
+//! and by older non-Rust scripts; the union of fields is loose, so we
+//! deserialize permissively (`serde(default)`, untyped `serde_json::Value`
+//! for the polymorphic `dataset` field).
+
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+/// One JSONL line of `data.json.gz`.
+///
+/// The shape is the union of every emitter's output. Most fields are
+/// optional because different benches emit different subsets.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct V2Record {
+    pub name: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub commit_id: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub unit: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub value: Option<serde_json::Value>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub storage: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub dataset: Option<serde_json::Value>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub all_runtimes: Option<Vec<serde_json::Value>>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub env_triple: Option<V2EnvTriple>,
+}
+
+/// `dataset` in v2 records is sometimes a string, sometimes an object
+/// keyed by suite name (`{ "tpch": { "scale_factor": "10" } }`).
+/// This helper looks up the scale factor for a given suite without
+/// assuming a particular shape.
+pub fn dataset_scale_factor(dataset: &serde_json::Value, key: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let obj = dataset.as_object()?;
+    let entry = obj.get(key)?;
+    let sf = entry.get("scale_factor")?;
+    match sf {
+        serde_json::Value::String(s) => Some(s.clone()),
+        serde_json::Value::Number(n) => Some(n.to_string()),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Best-effort numeric coercion for the polymorphic `value` field.
+pub fn value_as_f64(value: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<f64> {
+    match value {
+        serde_json::Value::Number(n) => n.as_f64(),
+        serde_json::Value::String(s) => s.parse().ok(),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Best-effort coercion of a runtime entry to nanoseconds.
+pub fn runtime_as_i64(value: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<i64> {
+    match value {
+        serde_json::Value::Number(n) => {
+            if let Some(i) = n.as_i64() {
+                Some(i)
+            } else {
+                n.as_f64().map(|f| f as i64)
+            }
+        }
+        serde_json::Value::String(s) => s.parse().ok(),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Triple block as emitted by `vortex-bench`'s `--gh-json` path. v2
+/// stored it as an object; we serialize it back out as `arch-os-env`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct V2EnvTriple {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub architecture: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub operating_system: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub environment: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl V2EnvTriple {
+    /// Format as the `arch-os-env` triple used by v3's `env_triple` column.
+    pub fn to_triple(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        let arch = self.architecture.as_deref()?;
+        let os = self.operating_system.as_deref()?;
+        let env = self.environment.as_deref()?;
+        Some(format!("{arch}-{os}-{env}"))
+    }
+}
+
+/// One JSONL line of `commits.json`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct V2Commit {
+    pub id: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub timestamp: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub message: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub author: Option<V2Person>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub committer: Option<V2Person>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub tree_id: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub url: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct V2Person {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub name: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub email: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// One JSONL line of `file-sizes-*.json.gz` produced by
+/// `scripts/capture-file-sizes.py`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize)]
+pub struct V2FileSize {
+    pub commit_id: String,
+    pub benchmark: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub scale_factor: Option<String>,
+    pub format: String,
+    pub file: String,
+    pub size_bytes: i64,
+}
+
+/// Build a sha-keyed map of commits.
+pub fn index_commits(commits: Vec<V2Commit>) -> BTreeMap<String, V2Commit> {
+    commits.into_iter().map(|c| (c.id.clone(), c)).collect()
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eb4caef6df7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Structural diff between a migrated v3 DuckDB and the live v2
+//! `/api/metadata` endpoint.
+//!
+//! Compares group / chart structure only; values aren't compared
+//! because v2 converts ns → ms and bytes → MiB on read while v3
+//! stores raw and the chart query divides. Group/chart structural
+//! equivalence is enough to spot classifier regressions before
+//! cutover.
+
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use anyhow::Context as _;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+use crate::classifier::QUERY_SUITES;
+
+/// Result of one `verify` run.
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct VerifyReport {
+    pub matched_groups: Vec<String>,
+    pub only_in_v3: Vec<String>,
+    pub only_in_v2: Vec<String>,
+    pub chart_diffs: Vec<ChartDiff>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ChartDiff {
+    pub group: String,
+    pub v2_count: usize,
+    pub v3_count: usize,
+}
+
+impl VerifyReport {
+    /// True if every v2 group is represented in v3. The CLI's exit
+    /// code reflects this.
+    pub fn v2_groups_covered(&self) -> bool {
+        self.only_in_v2.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for VerifyReport {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f, "Groups in both v2 and v3:")?;
+        for g in &self.matched_groups {
+            writeln!(f, "  + {g}")?;
+        }
+        if !self.only_in_v2.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v2 (regression candidates):")?;
+            for g in &self.only_in_v2 {
+                writeln!(f, "  - {g}")?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.only_in_v3.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3:")?;
+            for g in &self.only_in_v3 {
+                writeln!(f, "  + {g}")?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.chart_diffs.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Chart count diffs:")?;
+            for d in &self.chart_diffs {
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "  {} : v2={} v3={} (delta={})",
+                    d.group,
+                    d.v2_count,
+                    d.v3_count,
+                    d.v3_count as i64 - d.v2_count as i64,
+                )?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+/// v2's `/api/metadata` reply — only the fields we need.
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct V2Metadata {
+    groups: BTreeMap<String, V2GroupMeta>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct V2GroupMeta {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    charts: Vec<V2ChartMeta>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct V2ChartMeta {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    name: String,
+}
+
+/// Open the migrated DuckDB at `duckdb_path`, fetch `<v2_server>/api/metadata`,
+/// and produce a structural diff.
+pub fn run(v2_server: &str, duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<VerifyReport> {
+    let v3 = collect_v3_groups(duckdb_path)?;
+    let v2 = fetch_v2_metadata(v2_server)?;
+    Ok(diff(&v2, &v3))
+}
+
+fn collect_v3_groups(duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>> {
+    let conn = Connection::open(duckdb_path)
+        .with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", duckdb_path.display()))?;
+    let mut groups: BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>> = BTreeMap::new();
+
+    // query_measurements: chart per (dataset, query_idx); group per
+    // (dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage). We want v2
+    // group display names so the verifier can compare apples to
+    // apples, so we re-format them here using the same suite table.
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage, query_idx
+          FROM query_measurements
+         GROUP BY dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage, query_idx
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, Option<String>>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, Option<String>>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, i32>(4)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    for row in rows {
+        let (dataset, _variant, sf, storage, query_idx) = row?;
+        let group_name = display_query_group(&dataset, sf.as_deref(), &storage);
+        let chart_name = chart_name_query(&dataset, query_idx);
+        groups
+            .entry(group_name)
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(normalize_chart(&chart_name));
+    }
+
+    // compression_times: group "Compression", charts per dataset.
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, format, op
+          FROM compression_times
+         GROUP BY dataset, format, op
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+    for row in rows {
+        let (dataset, format, op) = row?;
+        let chart = chart_name_compression_time(&format, &op, &dataset);
+        groups
+            .entry("Compression".to_string())
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(normalize_chart(&chart));
+    }
+
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT dataset, format
+          FROM compression_sizes
+         GROUP BY dataset, format
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| {
+        Ok((row.get::<_, String>(0)?, row.get::<_, String>(1)?))
+    })?;
+    for row in rows {
+        let (_dataset, format) = row?;
+        let chart = chart_name_compression_size(&format);
+        groups
+            .entry("Compression Size".to_string())
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(normalize_chart(&chart));
+    }
+
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT DISTINCT dataset
+          FROM random_access_times
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([], |row| row.get::<_, String>(0))?;
+    for row in rows {
+        let dataset = row?;
+        groups
+            .entry("Random Access".to_string())
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(normalize_chart(&dataset));
+    }
+
+    Ok(groups)
+}
+
+fn fetch_v2_metadata(server: &str) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>> {
+    let url = format!("{}/api/metadata", server.trim_end_matches('/'));
+    let body = reqwest::blocking::get(&url)
+        .with_context(|| format!("GET {url}"))?
+        .error_for_status()
+        .with_context(|| format!("non-2xx from {url}"))?
+        .json::<V2Metadata>()
+        .with_context(|| format!("parsing {url} as v2 /api/metadata"))?;
+    let mut out: BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>> = BTreeMap::new();
+    for (name, group) in body.groups {
+        let charts = group
+            .charts
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|c| normalize_chart(&c.name))
+            .collect();
+        out.insert(name, charts);
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+fn diff(
+    v2: &BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>,
+    v3: &BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>,
+) -> VerifyReport {
+    let mut report = VerifyReport::default();
+    let v2_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v2.keys().collect();
+    let v3_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v3.keys().collect();
+    for g in v2_keys.intersection(&v3_keys) {
+        report.matched_groups.push((**g).clone());
+        let v2_charts = &v2[*g];
+        let v3_charts = &v3[*g];
+        if v2_charts.len() != v3_charts.len() {
+            report.chart_diffs.push(ChartDiff {
+                group: (**g).clone(),
+                v2_count: v2_charts.len(),
+                v3_count: v3_charts.len(),
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    for g in v3_keys.difference(&v2_keys) {
+        report.only_in_v3.push((**g).clone());
+    }
+    for g in v2_keys.difference(&v3_keys) {
+        report.only_in_v2.push((**g).clone());
+    }
+    report.matched_groups.sort();
+    report.only_in_v3.sort();
+    report.only_in_v2.sort();
+    report
+}
+
+fn display_query_group(dataset: &str, scale_factor: Option<&str>, storage: &str) -> String {
+    let suite = QUERY_SUITES
+        .iter()
+        .find(|s| s.prefix.eq_ignore_ascii_case(dataset))
+        .copied();
+    match suite {
+        Some(suite) if suite.fan_out => {
+            let storage_disp = match storage {
+                "s3" | "S3" => "S3",
+                _ => "NVMe",
+            };
+            let sf = scale_factor.unwrap_or("1");
+            format!("{} ({}) (SF={})", suite.display_name, storage_disp, sf)
+        }
+        Some(suite) => suite.display_name.to_string(),
+        None => format!("{dataset} ({storage})"),
+    }
+}
+
+fn chart_name_query(dataset: &str, query_idx: i32) -> String {
+    let suite = QUERY_SUITES
+        .iter()
+        .find(|s| s.prefix.eq_ignore_ascii_case(dataset))
+        .copied();
+    match suite {
+        Some(suite) => format!("{} Q{}", suite.query_prefix, query_idx),
+        None => format!("{} Q{}", dataset.to_uppercase(), query_idx),
+    }
+}
+
+fn chart_name_compression_time(format: &str, op: &str, _dataset: &str) -> String {
+    // Re-derive the v2 chart name (the metric, not the dataset) so we
+    // can compare. v2's chart axis is the metric; series is the
+    // dataset. v3 inverts that. For structural comparison, we project
+    // back to v2's per-chart key.
+    match (format, op) {
+        ("vortex-file-compressed", "encode") => "COMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        ("vortex-file-compressed", "decode") => "DECOMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        ("parquet", "encode") => "PARQUET RS ZSTD COMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        ("parquet", "decode") => "PARQUET RS ZSTD DECOMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        ("lance", "encode") => "LANCE COMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        ("lance", "decode") => "LANCE DECOMPRESS TIME".into(),
+        _ => format!("{} {} TIME", format.to_uppercase(), op.to_uppercase()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn chart_name_compression_size(format: &str) -> String {
+    match format {
+        "vortex-file-compressed" => "VORTEX SIZE".into(),
+        "parquet" => "PARQUET SIZE".into(),
+        "lance" => "LANCE SIZE".into(),
+        _ => format!("{} SIZE", format.to_uppercase()),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Strip casing and `_-` differences between v2 and v3 chart names.
+/// v2 displays uppercase; v3 stores raw values. Comparing in this
+/// canonical form is enough for structural verification.
+fn normalize_chart(s: &str) -> String {
+    s.trim()
+        .to_uppercase()
+        .replace(['_', '-'], " ")
+        .split_whitespace()
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join(" ")
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_chart_canonicalizes() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_chart("taxi/take"), "TAXI/TAKE");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_chart("TAXI/TAKE"), "TAXI/TAKE");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_chart("tpc-h q1"), "TPC H Q1");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_chart("tpc h q1"), "TPC H Q1");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn display_query_group_handles_fan_out() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            display_query_group("tpch", Some("10"), "s3"),
+            "TPC-H (S3) (SF=10)"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            display_query_group("tpch", Some("100"), "nvme"),
+            "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=100)"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            display_query_group("clickbench", None, "nvme"),
+            "Clickbench"
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cddca0c517c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Classifier behavior pinned by representative v2 names from each
+//! group in `benchmarks-website/server.js`'s `getGroup`.
+
+use rstest::rstest;
+use serde_json::json;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::Outcome;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::Skip;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::V3Bin;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::classify;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::classify_outcome;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::format_query;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::classifier::rename_engine;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::v2::V2Record;
+
+fn record(name: &str) -> V2Record {
+    V2Record {
+        name: name.to_string(),
+        commit_id: Some("deadbeef".into()),
+        unit: Some("ns".into()),
+        value: Some(json!(123)),
+        storage: None,
+        dataset: None,
+        all_runtimes: None,
+        env_triple: None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn record_with_storage_and_sf(name: &str, storage: &str, suite: &str, sf: &str) -> V2Record {
+    let mut r = record(name);
+    r.storage = Some(storage.into());
+    r.dataset = Some(json!({ suite: { "scale_factor": sf } }));
+    r
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::clickbench(
+    "clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: None,
+        query_idx: 7,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "datafusion".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::clickbench_vortex_renamed(
+    "clickbench_q12/datafusion:vortex-file-compressed",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: None,
+        query_idx: 12,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "datafusion".into(),
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::statpopgen(
+    "statpopgen_q3/datafusion:parquet",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "statpopgen".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: None,
+        query_idx: 3,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "datafusion".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::polarsignals(
+    "polarsignals_q1/duckdb:parquet",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "polarsignals".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: None,
+        query_idx: 1,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "duckdb".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn non_fan_out_query_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(classify(&r), Some(expected));
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::tpch_s3_sf100(
+    "tpch_q01/datafusion:parquet",
+    "S3",
+    "tpch",
+    "100",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "tpch".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: Some("100".into()),
+        query_idx: 1,
+        storage: "s3".into(),
+        engine: "datafusion".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::tpch_nvme_sf1(
+    "tpch_q22/duckdb:vortex-file-compressed",
+    "NVMe",
+    "tpch",
+    "1",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "tpch".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: Some("1".into()),
+        query_idx: 22,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "duckdb".into(),
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::tpcds_nvme_sf10(
+    "tpcds_q05/datafusion:vortex-file-compressed",
+    "NVMe",
+    "tpcds",
+    "10",
+    V3Bin::Query {
+        dataset: "tpcds".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: Some("10".into()),
+        query_idx: 5,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        engine: "datafusion".into(),
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn fan_out_query_records(
+    #[case] name: &str,
+    #[case] storage: &str,
+    #[case] suite: &str,
+    #[case] sf: &str,
+    #[case] expected: V3Bin,
+) {
+    let r = record_with_storage_and_sf(name, storage, suite, sf);
+    assert_eq!(classify(&r), Some(expected));
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::random_access_4_part(
+    "random-access/taxi/take/parquet-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "taxi/take".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::random_access_4_part_vortex(
+    "random-access/chimp/take/vortex-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "chimp/take".into(),
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::random_access_2_part_legacy(
+    "random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "random access".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::random_access_4_part_lance(
+    "random-access/taxi/take/lance-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "taxi/take".into(),
+        format: "lance".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn random_access_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(classify(&r), Some(expected));
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::compress_time_vortex(
+    "compress time/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+        op: "encode".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::decompress_time_vortex(
+    "decompress time/tpch_lineitem",
+    V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+        dataset: "tpch_lineitem".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+        op: "decode".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::parquet_compress(
+    "parquet_rs-zstd compress time/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+        op: "encode".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::lance_decompress(
+    "lance decompress time/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionTime {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "lance".into(),
+        op: "decode".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn compression_time_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(classify(&r), Some(expected));
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::vortex_size(
+    "vortex size/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::vortex_file_compressed_size_normalizes(
+    "vortex-file-compressed size/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::parquet_size(
+    "parquet size/clickbench",
+    V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::lance_size(
+    "lance size/tpch_lineitem",
+    V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset: "tpch_lineitem".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        format: "lance".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn compression_size_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(classify(&r), Some(expected));
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::ratio_vortex_parquet("vortex:parquet-zstd ratio compress time/clickbench")]
+#[case::ratio_vortex_lance("vortex:lance ratio decompress time/clickbench")]
+#[case::ratio_size_vortex_parquet("vortex:parquet-zstd size/clickbench")]
+#[case::ratio_size_vortex_raw("vortex:raw size/clickbench")]
+#[case::throughput("compress throughput/clickbench")]
+#[case::nonsense_prefix("not-a-known-bench/series")]
+fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(
+        classify(&r),
+        None,
+        "expected {name:?} to classify as None (drop)",
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn parquet_zstd_size_is_deprecated() {
+    // `parquet-zstd` is not on the v3 emitter's format allowlist, so
+    // historical `parquet-zstd size/...` records bucket under
+    // Skip::Deprecated and don't render as orphan charts in v3.
+    let r = record("parquet-zstd size/clickbench");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn vortex_parquet_zstd_ratio_is_intentional_skip() {
+    let r = record("vortex:parquet-zstd ratio compress time/clickbench");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Skip(Skip::DerivedRatio)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn vortex_parquet_zst_typo_ratio_is_intentional_skip() {
+    // `parquet-zst` (no trailing `d`) was emitted by some v2 runs.
+    // Both spellings should classify as derived ratios.
+    for name in [
+        "vortex:parquet-zst ratio compress time/clickbench",
+        "vortex:parquet-zst ratio decompress time/clickbench",
+    ] {
+        let r = record(name);
+        assert!(
+            matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Skip(Skip::DerivedRatio)),
+            "{name:?} should be DerivedRatio",
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn throughput_is_intentional_skip() {
+    let r = record("compress throughput/clickbench");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Skip(Skip::Throughput)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn unknown_prefix_is_unknown() {
+    let r = record("not-a-known-bench/series");
+    assert!(matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Unknown));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn gharchive_q00_is_deprecated() {
+    // gharchive isn't on the v3 query-suite allowlist, so historical
+    // gharchive query records bucket as Skip::Deprecated.
+    let r = record("gharchive_q00/datafusion:parquet");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fineweb_q00_classifies() {
+    // fineweb is on V3_QUERY_SUITES (still emitted by v3 CI per
+    // .github/workflows/sql-benchmarks.yml's `fineweb` matrix entry),
+    // so historical fineweb records ingest like any other suite.
+    let r = record("fineweb_q00/datafusion:parquet");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Bin(V3Bin::Query { .. })
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn memory_record_is_historical_memory_skip() {
+    // v2 emitted `<suite>_q<NN>_memory/<engine>:<format>` records that
+    // carry top-level memory fields V2Record doesn't deserialize.
+    // Skip them with a known variant so they don't trip the 5% gate.
+    let r = record("clickbench_q07_memory/datafusion:parquet");
+    assert!(matches!(
+        classify_outcome(&r),
+        Outcome::Skip(Skip::HistoricalMemory)
+    ));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn tpch_compression_size_carries_scale_factor() {
+    // The data.json.gz "vortex size/tpch" path needs to derive
+    // dataset_variant from the v2 record's `dataset` object, the same
+    // way the file-sizes path does. Otherwise SF=10 rows from the two
+    // sources never collide on `mid` and produce duplicate rows.
+    let mut r = record("vortex size/tpch");
+    r.dataset = Some(serde_json::json!({ "tpch": { "scale_factor": "10" } }));
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+    let Outcome::Bin(V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset,
+        dataset_variant,
+        format,
+    }) = outcome
+    else {
+        panic!("expected Bin(CompressionSize), got {outcome:?}");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "tpch");
+    assert_eq!(dataset_variant, Some("10".into()));
+    assert_eq!(format, "vortex-file-compressed");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn tpch_compression_size_drops_default_scale_factor() {
+    // SF "1.0" matches the file-sizes path's filter and collapses to
+    // dataset_variant: None.
+    let mut r = record("vortex size/tpch");
+    r.dataset = Some(serde_json::json!({ "tpch": { "scale_factor": "1.0" } }));
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+    let Outcome::Bin(V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset_variant, ..
+    }) = outcome
+    else {
+        panic!("expected Bin(CompressionSize), got {outcome:?}");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(dataset_variant, None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn engine_casing_lowercased() {
+    // Older v2 records emitted display-case engines like `DataFusion`
+    // and `DuckDB`. The classifier lowercases at push time so dedup
+    // collapses display-case rows into the canonical lowercase ones.
+    let r = record("clickbench_q07/DataFusion:parquet");
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+    let Outcome::Bin(V3Bin::Query { engine, format, .. }) = outcome else {
+        panic!("expected Bin(Query), got {outcome:?}");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(engine, "datafusion");
+    assert_eq!(format, "parquet");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn rename_engine_pins_canonical_outputs() {
+    assert_eq!(rename_engine("vortex-tokio-local-disk"), "vortex-nvme");
+    assert_eq!(
+        rename_engine("datafusion:vortex-file-compressed"),
+        "datafusion:vortex"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(rename_engine("LANCE"), "lance");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn format_query_pins_v2_display() {
+    assert_eq!(format_query("clickbench_q00"), "CLICKBENCH Q0");
+    assert_eq!(format_query("tpch_q22"), "TPC-H Q22");
+    assert_eq!(format_query("tpcds_q42"), "TPC-DS Q42");
+    assert_eq!(format_query("polarsignals_q1"), "POLARSIGNALS Q1");
+    // Names that don't match a suite fall back to upper + " " replace.
+    assert_eq!(
+        format_query("vortex-file-compressed size"),
+        "VORTEX FILE COMPRESSED SIZE"
+    );
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..210092a4058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+//! Inline JSONL fixtures driven through the full migration into a
+//! tempdir DuckDB. No live S3.
+
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::Write;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use duckdb::Connection;
+use flate2::Compression;
+use flate2::write::GzEncoder;
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::migrate;
+use vortex_bench_migrate::source::Source;
+
+const COMMITS_JSONL: &str = r#"{"id":"deadbeef","timestamp":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","message":"fixture commit","author":{"name":"A","email":"a@example.com"},"committer":{"name":"C","email":"c@example.com"},"tree_id":"abcd0001","url":"https://example.com/commit/deadbeef"}
+"#;
+
+const DATA_JSONL: &str = r#"{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":42000,"all_runtimes":[41000,42000,43000]}
+{"name":"compress time/clickbench","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":99}
+{"name":"vortex size/clickbench","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"bytes","value":1024}
+{"name":"random-access/taxi/take/parquet-tokio-local-disk","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":777,"all_runtimes":[700,777,800]}
+"#;
+
+/// Build a local-source fixture directory. Caller supplies the contents
+/// of `commits.json`, `data.json.gz`, and any number of
+/// `file-sizes-*.json.gz` files (name → contents).
+fn build_fixture(commits: &str, data: &str, file_sizes: &[(&str, &str)]) -> TempDir {
+    let dir = TempDir::new().expect("tempdir");
+    write_text(&dir.path().join("commits.json"), commits);
+    write_gz(&dir.path().join("data.json.gz"), data);
+    for (name, body) in file_sizes {
+        write_gz(&dir.path().join(name), body);
+    }
+    dir
+}
+
+fn write_text(path: &Path, body: &str) {
+    let mut f = File::create(path).unwrap();
+    f.write_all(body.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+}
+
+fn write_gz(path: &Path, body: &str) {
+    let f = File::create(path).unwrap();
+    let mut gz = GzEncoder::new(f, Compression::default());
+    gz.write_all(body.as_bytes()).unwrap();
+    gz.finish().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn migrate_inline_fixture_populates_each_table() {
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS_JSONL, DATA_JSONL, &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.records_read, 4, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.uncategorized, 0, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.commits_inserted, 1);
+    assert_eq!(summary.query_inserted, 1);
+    assert_eq!(summary.compression_time_inserted, 1);
+    assert_eq!(summary.compression_size_inserted, 1);
+    assert_eq!(summary.random_access_inserted, 1);
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let count = |table: &str| -> i64 {
+        conn.query_row(&format!("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {table}"), [], |r| r.get(0))
+            .unwrap()
+    };
+    assert_eq!(count("commits"), 1);
+    assert_eq!(count("query_measurements"), 1);
+    assert_eq!(count("compression_times"), 1);
+    assert_eq!(count("compression_sizes"), 1);
+    assert_eq!(count("random_access_times"), 1);
+
+    // Spot-check the v3 column values for each kind.
+    let (engine, format, query_idx, value_ns): (String, String, i32, i64) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT engine, format, query_idx, value_ns FROM query_measurements",
+            [],
+            |r| Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?, r.get(2)?, r.get(3)?)),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(engine, "datafusion");
+    assert_eq!(format, "parquet");
+    assert_eq!(query_idx, 7);
+    assert_eq!(value_ns, 42000);
+
+    let (dataset, format, op): (String, String, String) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT dataset, format, op FROM compression_times",
+            [],
+            |r| Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?, r.get(2)?)),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "clickbench");
+    assert_eq!(format, "vortex-file-compressed");
+    assert_eq!(op, "encode");
+
+    let (dataset, format, value_bytes): (String, String, i64) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT dataset, format, value_bytes FROM compression_sizes",
+            [],
+            |r| Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?, r.get(2)?)),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "clickbench");
+    assert_eq!(format, "vortex-file-compressed");
+    assert_eq!(value_bytes, 1024);
+
+    let (dataset, format): (String, String) = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT dataset, format FROM random_access_times", [], |r| {
+            Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?))
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "taxi/take");
+    assert_eq!(format, "parquet");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn dedup_collision_keeps_one_row() {
+    // Two data.json.gz lines whose query-measurement dim columns are
+    // identical (same commit / dataset / engine / format / query_idx,
+    // and `storage` collapses to "nvme" since `storage` is unset).
+    // Different `value`s. The accumulator's HashSet<measurement_id>
+    // should drop the second one and bump `summary.deduped`.
+    const DATA: &str = r#"{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":111}
+{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":222}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS_JSONL, DATA, &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.records_read, 2, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.query_inserted, 1, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.deduped, 1, "summary={summary}");
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let n: i64 = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM query_measurements", [], |r| r.get(0))
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn dedup_with_conflicting_value_ns_is_counted() {
+    // Same dim columns, different `value`s. Dedup keeps the first
+    // and bumps `deduped_with_conflict` because the dropped row's
+    // value_ns differed from the kept row's. This is the signal we
+    // care about when watching for silent value-corruption across
+    // duplicated v2 emissions.
+    const DATA: &str = r#"{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":111}
+{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":222}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS_JSONL, DATA, &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.deduped, 1, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.deduped_with_conflict, 1, "summary={summary}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn dedup_with_matching_value_ns_does_not_count_conflict() {
+    // Same dim columns AND identical `value`s. Dedup still drops the
+    // duplicate, but `deduped_with_conflict` stays 0.
+    const DATA: &str = r#"{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":111}
+{"name":"clickbench_q07/datafusion:parquet","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"ns","value":111}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS_JSONL, DATA, &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.deduped, 1, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.deduped_with_conflict, 0, "summary={summary}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn compression_size_data_and_file_sizes_merge() {
+    // A `vortex size/tpch` record from data.json.gz and a
+    // file-sizes-tpch-nvme.json.gz row covering the same (commit,
+    // dataset, format, SF) tuple should produce the *same*
+    // measurement_id so the in-memory accumulator merges them into
+    // one row instead of two.
+    //
+    // Both sources use scale_factor "1.0", which both code paths
+    // filter out → dataset_variant: None on both sides → matching mid.
+    const DATA: &str = r#"{"name":"vortex size/tpch","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"bytes","value":200,"dataset":{"tpch":{"scale_factor":"1.0"}}}
+"#;
+    const FILE_SIZES: &str = r#"{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"tpch","scale_factor":"1.0","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-0.vortex","size_bytes":100}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(
+        COMMITS_JSONL,
+        DATA,
+        &[("file-sizes-tpch-nvme.json.gz", FILE_SIZES)],
+    );
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.compression_size_inserted, 1, "summary={summary}");
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let (n, value_bytes): (i64, i64) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*), SUM(value_bytes) FROM compression_sizes",
+            [],
+            |r| Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?)),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 1);
+    // data.json.gz seeds value_bytes=200, file-sizes adds 100.
+    assert_eq!(value_bytes, 300);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn file_sizes_sum_into_one_row() {
+    // Two file-sizes rows sharing (commit, benchmark, format,
+    // scale_factor) and value_bytes 100 + 200 must collapse to a
+    // single compression_sizes row with 300.
+    const FILE_SIZES: &str = r#"{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"clickbench","scale_factor":"1.0","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-0.vortex","size_bytes":100}
+{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"clickbench","scale_factor":"1.0","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-1.vortex","size_bytes":200}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(
+        COMMITS_JSONL,
+        "",
+        &[("file-sizes-clickbench.json.gz", FILE_SIZES)],
+    );
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.file_size_inserted, 2, "summary={summary}");
+    assert_eq!(summary.compression_size_inserted, 1, "summary={summary}");
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let n: i64 = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM compression_sizes", [], |r| r.get(0))
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 1);
+    let value_bytes: i64 = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT value_bytes FROM compression_sizes", [], |r| {
+            r.get(0)
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(value_bytes, 300);
+}

From ccc591947f9abbb6cb34fc3186e0513d08b82568 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 09:53:51 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 11/26] add .bench-env to gitignore

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .gitignore | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 6a996cf96cc..bcc8ef746ee 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -244,4 +244,4 @@ trace*.pb
 vortex-python/.benchmarks/
 # For local benchmarks website server and things like the WAL
 **.duckdb*
-
+.bench-env

From d21f57f850c382c3b1c3daf2ce67a95610d9fdd7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 13:39:04 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 12/26] [claude] chore(benchmarks-migrate): post-alpha cleanup
 nits (#7671)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Six small fixes left over from the v3 migration alpha. All paths
relative to `benchmarks-website/migrate/` unless noted.

## Fixes

- **Scale-factor canonicalization**
(`src/classifier.rs::bin_compression_size`,
`src/migrate.rs::migrate_file_sizes`, helper in `src/v2.rs`): both paths
now route the v2 SF string through `canonical_scale_factor`, which
parses
  to `f64` and formats with no trailing zeros. Without this, `"1"` vs
`"1.0"` and `"10"` vs `"10.0"` would produce different `dataset_variant`
strings and prevent the data.json.gz and file-sizes-*.json.gz rows from
  sharing a `measurement_id`.

- **Summary counter timing** (`src/migrate.rs::run`): per-fact counters
  used to be set from accumulator length *before* the flush, so a flush
  failure would print a summary that lied. Refactored into a `flush_all`
  helper that bumps `summary.<fact>_inserted` from the flushed
`RecordBatch::num_rows()` only after each
`Appender::append_record_batch`
  succeeds.

- **Empty-string normalization in commits** (`src/commits.rs`,
  `benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs`,
  `benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs`): `message`,
  `author_name`/`email`, `committer_name`/`email` now bind as
  `Option<String>` and store SQL `NULL` when v2 supplied an empty or
  whitespace-only string. Schema columns made nullable; server reads
  use `COALESCE(c.message, '')` so the existing `String` decoder still
  works.

- **Orphan WAL cleanup** (`src/migrate.rs::open_target_db`): the
existing
  code already attempts `remove_if_exists` on the `.wal` regardless of
  whether the main file was present; pinned the behavior with a
  regression test that stages an orphan `.wal` (no main file) and
  asserts the orphan bytes don't survive `open_target_db`.

- **Random-access dataset extraction**
(`src/classifier.rs::bin_random_access`):
4-part records
`random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
  continue to extract `dataset/pattern` from the raw name. 2-part legacy
  records carry no dataset and used to render under the placeholder
  `"random access"`; they're now dropped to keep the v3 dataset column
  meaningful.

- **`migrate_file_sizes` dataset fallback**
(`src/migrate.rs::migrate_file_sizes`):
  when the matrix id stripped from `file-sizes-<id>.json.gz` isn't on
  the `KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES` allowlist, the fallback now emits
  `unknown:<id>` so the UI clearly flags it instead of presenting it
  as a real dataset.

## Tests

Each fix has a focused regression test (`rstest` parametrization where
useful):

- `tests/classifier.rs::compression_size_scale_factor_canonicalizes`
covering `"1"`, `"1.0"`, `"10"`, `"10.0"`, `"0.1"`, whitespace, and
`""`.
- `tests/classifier.rs::unmapped_records_yield_none` extended with
  `random_access_2_part_legacy` and `random_access_3_part`.
- `migrate::tests::flush_all_does_not_overcount_on_failure` (private
  unit test that drops `compression_times` to force the second flush
  to fail and asserts only the queries counter is set).
- `tests/end_to_end.rs::summary_counts_match_actual_rows_on_success`
  (sister invariant for the success path).
- `tests/end_to_end.rs::empty_author_email_stored_as_null`.
- `tests/end_to_end.rs::open_target_db_removes_orphan_wal`.
-
`tests/end_to_end.rs::file_sizes_unknown_id_falls_back_to_unknown_prefix`
  and `file_sizes_known_id_uses_id_directly`.
-
`tests/end_to_end.rs::compression_size_data_and_file_sizes_merge_with_canonical_sf`
  (cross-path SF canonicalization end to end).

## Verification

- `cargo build -p vortex-bench-migrate` — clean.
- `cargo test -p vortex-bench-migrate` — 7 unit + 46 classifier + 12
  end-to-end tests all pass.
- `cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` — 6 unit + 10 ingest + 6 web_ui
  tests pass; schema and `COALESCE` changes are server-safe.
- `cargo clippy -p vortex-bench-migrate --all-targets` — clean.
- `cargo fmt` on changed files (nightly fmt unavailable in this
  sandbox; ran with stable, which is a no-op for the imports-granularity
  options the repo's `rustfmt.toml` gates on nightly).
- Skipped `./scripts/public-api.sh`: migrate is a leaf binary outside
  the public-api lockfile set, and the only newly `pub` item is the
  internal `canonical_scale_factor` helper.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---
_Generated by [Claude
Code](https://claude.ai/code/session_012XyYJRpcGFxmJXdTJuW8Ff)_

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs  |  80 ++++----
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs     |  53 +++--
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs     | 153 +++++++++++---
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs      |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs          |  22 +++
 .../migrate/tests/classifier.rs               |  53 ++++-
 .../migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs               | 187 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |  10 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs       |  10 +-
 9 files changed, 463 insertions(+), 107 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
index 8a17b31fcd2..ebc14dea39b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ pub enum V3Bin {
 pub fn classify(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
     let cls = classify_v2(record)?;
     match &cls.group {
-        V2Group::RandomAccess => bin_random_access(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::RandomAccess => bin_random_access(record),
         V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
         V2Group::CompressionSize => bin_compression_size(&cls, record),
         V2Group::Query { .. } => bin_query(&cls, record),
@@ -537,7 +537,16 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
         return Outcome::Skip(Skip::DerivedRatio);
     }
     let bin = match &cls.group {
-        V2Group::RandomAccess => bin_random_access(&cls, record),
+        V2Group::RandomAccess => match bin_random_access(record) {
+            Some(b) => Some(b),
+            // Legacy 2-part `random-access/<format>-…` records carry
+            // no dataset and are intentionally dropped by
+            // `bin_random_access`. Route them to Skip so the
+            // `Outcome::Unknown` arm below — and the 5%
+            // uncategorized gate in `migrate::run` — don't trip on
+            // them.
+            None => return Outcome::Skip(Skip::UnsupportedShape),
+        },
         V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
         V2Group::CompressionSize => bin_compression_size(&cls, record),
         V2Group::Query { .. } => bin_query(&cls, record),
@@ -556,34 +565,34 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
     Outcome::Bin(bin)
 }
 
-fn bin_random_access(cls: &V2Classification, record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
-    // v2 chart name shape: "RANDOM ACCESS" or "DATASET/PATTERN" (uppercase).
-    // We store it as the v3 dataset value verbatim, lowercased so
-    // `/api/groups` returns canonical lowercase names.
-    let dataset = cls.chart.to_lowercase();
-    if dataset.is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-    // Pull format from the raw, pre-rename v2 name so v3 stores the
-    // canonical `Format::name()` string (matching what the v3 live
-    // emitter writes). Raw shape is
+fn bin_random_access(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
+    // Pull dataset and format from the raw, pre-rename v2 name so v3
+    // stores meaningful values. Raw shape is
     // `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
-    // (4-part) or `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` (2-part
-    // legacy). After stripping the `-tokio-local-disk` suffix, map the
-    // v2 random-access ext label (`vortex`, from `Format::ext()`) to
-    // the canonical name (`vortex-file-compressed`, from
-    // `Format::name()`). `parquet` and `lance` match between ext and
-    // name. The `vortex` ext is shared by both `OnDiskVortex` (name
+    // (4-part). 2-part legacy records (`random-access/<format>-…`)
+    // carry no dataset and historically rendered as the placeholder
+    // string "RANDOM ACCESS"; drop them rather than emit a fake
+    // dataset. Deriving from the raw name (rather than `cls.chart`)
+    // also keeps this independent of v2's `normalizeChartName`.
+    //
+    // After stripping the `-tokio-local-disk` suffix, map the v2
+    // random-access ext label (`vortex`, from `Format::ext()`) to the
+    // canonical name (`vortex-file-compressed`, from `Format::name()`).
+    // `parquet` and `lance` match between ext and name. The `vortex`
+    // ext is shared by both `OnDiskVortex` (name
     // `vortex-file-compressed`) and `VortexCompact` (name
     // `vortex-compact`), but v2's random-access bench only emitted
     // `OnDiskVortex`, so mapping to `vortex-file-compressed` is
     // correct for all historical data.
     let parts: Vec<&str> = record.name.split('/').collect();
-    let raw = match parts.len() {
-        4 => parts[3],
-        2 => parts[1],
-        _ => return None,
-    };
+    if parts.len() != 4 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if parts[1].is_empty() || parts[2].is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let dataset = format!("{}/{}", parts[1], parts[2]).to_lowercase();
+    let raw = parts[3];
     if raw.is_empty() || raw == "default" {
         return None;
     }
@@ -668,15 +677,20 @@ fn bin_compression_size(cls: &V2Classification, record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3B
     }
     // Mirror the file-sizes ingest path's dataset_variant derivation
     // (see `migrate::migrate_file_sizes`): pull the SF out of the v2
-    // record's `dataset` object when present, drop empty / "1.0".
-    // Without this both code paths produce the same `mid` only by
-    // accident, so SF=10 file-sizes rows wouldn't merge with the
-    // matching data.json.gz "vortex size/tpch" rows.
-    let dataset_variant = record
-        .dataset
-        .as_ref()
-        .and_then(|d| crate::v2::dataset_scale_factor(d, dataset.as_str()))
-        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty() && s.as_str() != "1.0");
+    // record's `dataset` object when present and run it through
+    // `canonical_scale_factor` so `"1"`, `"1.0"`, `"10"` and `"10.0"`
+    // collapse to one canonical form. Without this both code paths
+    // produce the same `mid` only by accident, so SF=10 file-sizes
+    // rows wouldn't merge with the matching data.json.gz
+    // "vortex size/tpch" rows when one side wrote `"10"` and the
+    // other wrote `"10.0"`.
+    let dataset_variant = crate::v2::canonical_scale_factor(
+        record
+            .dataset
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|d| crate::v2::dataset_scale_factor(d, dataset.as_str()))
+            .as_deref(),
+    );
     Some(V3Bin::CompressionSize {
         dataset,
         dataset_variant,
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
index 28d63a5bd19..87c53caa41b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/commits.rs
@@ -11,38 +11,20 @@ use duckdb::params;
 
 use crate::v2::V2Commit;
 
-/// Insert a v3 `commits` row for one v2 commit. Missing fields are
-/// filled with the empty string, matching the v3 schema's `NOT NULL`
-/// constraints; the call site logs a warning for each fallback so
-/// the operator can spot bad inputs.
+/// Insert a v3 `commits` row for one v2 commit. `tree_sha` and `url`
+/// remain required and use a warning-bearing empty-string fallback;
+/// the human-input fields (message, author/committer name and email)
+/// are nullable in the v3 schema, so empty / missing values map to
+/// SQL `NULL` instead of an empty string the UI would render as a
+/// blank cell.
 pub fn upsert_commit(tx: &Transaction<'_>, commit: &V2Commit) -> Result<UpsertOutcome> {
     let mut warnings = Vec::new();
     let timestamp = require_field(&commit.timestamp, "timestamp", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
-    let message = require_field(&commit.message, "message", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
-    let author_name = require_field(
-        &commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()),
-        "author.name",
-        &commit.id,
-        &mut warnings,
-    );
-    let author_email = require_field(
-        &commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()),
-        "author.email",
-        &commit.id,
-        &mut warnings,
-    );
-    let committer_name = require_field(
-        &commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()),
-        "committer.name",
-        &commit.id,
-        &mut warnings,
-    );
-    let committer_email = require_field(
-        &commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()),
-        "committer.email",
-        &commit.id,
-        &mut warnings,
-    );
+    let message = optional_field(&commit.message);
+    let author_name = optional_field(&commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()));
+    let author_email = optional_field(&commit.author.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()));
+    let committer_name = optional_field(&commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.name.clone()));
+    let committer_email = optional_field(&commit.committer.as_ref().and_then(|p| p.email.clone()));
     let tree_sha = require_field(&commit.tree_id, "tree_id", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
     let url = require_field(&commit.url, "url", &commit.id, &mut warnings);
 
@@ -93,6 +75,19 @@ fn require_field(
     }
 }
 
+/// Coerce a v2-supplied `Option<String>` into a SQL-bindable
+/// `Option<String>`, treating an empty / whitespace-only value as
+/// missing. v2 sometimes wrote `""` for blank author / committer /
+/// message fields; storing those as actual `NULL` lets the UI
+/// distinguish "missing metadata" from "deliberately blank".
+fn optional_field(field: &Option<String>) -> Option<String> {
+    field
+        .as_deref()
+        .map(str::trim)
+        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
+        .map(str::to_string)
+}
+
 /// Per-call warning bag returned to the caller for logging.
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct UpsertOutcome {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
index 7b3b32bb51c..93885e5d431 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
@@ -49,10 +49,12 @@ use vortex_utils::aliases::hash_map::HashMap;
 use crate::classifier;
 use crate::classifier::V3Bin;
 use crate::commits::upsert_commit;
+use crate::source::KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES;
 use crate::source::Source;
 use crate::v2::V2Commit;
 use crate::v2::V2FileSize;
 use crate::v2::V2Record;
+use crate::v2::canonical_scale_factor;
 use crate::v2::index_commits;
 use crate::v2::runtime_as_i64;
 use crate::v2::value_as_f64;
@@ -171,27 +173,46 @@ pub fn run(source: &Source, target: &Path) -> Result<MigrationSummary> {
     }
 
     info!("Flushing accumulators to DuckDB");
-    summary.query_inserted = q.measurement_id.len() as u64;
-    summary.compression_time_inserted = ct.measurement_id.len() as u64;
-    summary.random_access_inserted = ra.measurement_id.len() as u64;
-    summary.compression_size_inserted = cs.rows.len() as u64;
-
-    flush(&conn, "query_measurements", build_query_batch(q)?)?;
-    flush(
-        &conn,
-        "compression_times",
-        build_compression_time_batch(ct)?,
-    )?;
-    flush(&conn, "random_access_times", build_random_access_batch(ra)?)?;
-    flush(
-        &conn,
-        "compression_sizes",
-        build_compression_size_batch(cs)?,
-    )?;
+    flush_all(&conn, q, ct, ra, cs, &mut summary)?;
 
     Ok(summary)
 }
 
+/// Flush each accumulator's batch and bump the matching per-fact
+/// summary counter only AFTER the flush succeeds. This way a flush
+/// failure leaves the counter at zero (or its previous value) rather
+/// than reporting rows that never landed in DuckDB.
+fn flush_all(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    q: QueryAccum,
+    ct: CompressionTimeAccum,
+    ra: RandomAccessAccum,
+    cs: CompressionSizeAccum,
+    summary: &mut MigrationSummary,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let batch = build_query_batch(q)?;
+    let n = batch.num_rows() as u64;
+    flush(conn, "query_measurements", batch)?;
+    summary.query_inserted = n;
+
+    let batch = build_compression_time_batch(ct)?;
+    let n = batch.num_rows() as u64;
+    flush(conn, "compression_times", batch)?;
+    summary.compression_time_inserted = n;
+
+    let batch = build_random_access_batch(ra)?;
+    let n = batch.num_rows() as u64;
+    flush(conn, "random_access_times", batch)?;
+    summary.random_access_inserted = n;
+
+    let batch = build_compression_size_batch(cs)?;
+    let n = batch.num_rows() as u64;
+    flush(conn, "compression_sizes", batch)?;
+    summary.compression_size_inserted = n;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 fn read_commits(source: &Source) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, V2Commit>> {
     let reader = source.open_commits_jsonl()?;
     let mut commits: Vec<V2Commit> = Vec::new();
@@ -409,11 +430,19 @@ fn migrate_file_sizes(
     cs: &mut CompressionSizeAccum,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     let reader = source.open_file_sizes(name)?;
-    let dataset_fallback = name
-        .strip_prefix("file-sizes-")
-        .and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix(".json.gz"))
-        .unwrap_or(name)
-        .to_string();
+    // Prefix unknown-id fallbacks with `unknown:` so they're clearly
+    // labeled in the UI rather than masquerading as a dataset name.
+    let dataset_fallback = {
+        let stripped = name
+            .strip_prefix("file-sizes-")
+            .and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix(".json.gz"))
+            .unwrap_or(name);
+        if KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES.contains(&stripped) {
+            stripped.to_string()
+        } else {
+            format!("unknown:{stripped}")
+        }
+    };
     let started = Instant::now();
     let mut last_log = Instant::now();
     for line in reader.lines() {
@@ -438,11 +467,10 @@ fn migrate_file_sizes(
         } else {
             sz.benchmark.clone()
         };
-        let dataset_variant = sz
-            .scale_factor
-            .as_ref()
-            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty() && s.as_str() != "1.0")
-            .cloned();
+        // Run SF through canonical_scale_factor so `"1"`, `"1.0"`, `"10"`
+        // and `"10.0"` collapse to one form, matching what
+        // `bin_compression_size` writes for the data.json.gz path.
+        let dataset_variant = canonical_scale_factor(sz.scale_factor.as_deref());
         let csr = CompressionSize {
             commit_sha: sz.commit_id.clone(),
             dataset,
@@ -834,3 +862,74 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
         Ok(())
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use vortex_bench_server::records::QueryMeasurement;
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn open_db_without(table: &str) -> (tempfile::TempDir, Connection) {
+        let dir = tempfile::TempDir::new().unwrap();
+        let path = dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+        let conn = open_target_db(&path).unwrap();
+        conn.execute_batch(&format!("DROP TABLE {table}")).unwrap();
+        (dir, conn)
+    }
+
+    fn one_query_row() -> QueryMeasurement {
+        QueryMeasurement {
+            commit_sha: "deadbeef".into(),
+            dataset: "clickbench".into(),
+            dataset_variant: None,
+            scale_factor: None,
+            query_idx: 7,
+            storage: "nvme".into(),
+            engine: "datafusion".into(),
+            format: "parquet".into(),
+            value_ns: 100,
+            all_runtimes_ns: vec![100],
+            peak_physical: None,
+            peak_virtual: None,
+            physical_delta: None,
+            virtual_delta: None,
+            env_triple: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flush_all_does_not_overcount_on_failure() {
+        // Drop `compression_times` before flushing so the second
+        // flush in `flush_all` fails. The first (queries) succeeded,
+        // so its counter must be set; the failed table's counter and
+        // every later table's counter must stay at zero.
+        let (_dir, conn) = open_db_without("compression_times");
+
+        let mut summary = MigrationSummary::default();
+        let mut q = QueryAccum::default();
+        let qm = one_query_row();
+        let mid = vortex_bench_server::db::measurement_id_query(&qm);
+        q.push(mid, qm, &mut summary);
+
+        let ct = CompressionTimeAccum::default();
+        let ra = RandomAccessAccum::default();
+        let cs = CompressionSizeAccum::default();
+
+        let result = flush_all(&conn, q, ct, ra, cs, &mut summary);
+        assert!(result.is_err(), "expected flush to fail on missing table");
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            summary.query_inserted, 1,
+            "query flushed before the failure must be counted"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            summary.compression_time_inserted, 0,
+            "failed flush must not bump the counter"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(summary.random_access_inserted, 0, "later flushes never ran");
+        assert_eq!(
+            summary.compression_size_inserted, 0,
+            "later flushes never ran"
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
index c18e86a63ca..d0c059569dd 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/source.rs
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ fn open_s3(name: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn Read + Send>> {
 /// The post-bench `file-sizes` step uploads `file-sizes-${{ matrix.id
 /// }}.json.gz`, so this list must match those IDs verbatim. Adding a
 /// new matrix entry to that workflow means adding the same ID here.
-const KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES: &[&str] = &[
+pub(crate) const KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES: &[&str] = &[
     "clickbench-nvme",
     "tpch-nvme",
     "tpch-s3",
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
index 2a9d3bdf5d0..de79837cfbd 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/v2.rs
@@ -51,6 +51,28 @@ pub fn dataset_scale_factor(dataset: &serde_json::Value, key: &str) -> Option<St
     }
 }
 
+/// Canonicalize a v2 scale-factor string for use in `dataset_variant`.
+///
+/// v2 emitters wrote scale factors as either `"1"`, `"1.0"`, `"10"`, or
+/// `"10.0"` for the same logical SF, so the data.json.gz path
+/// (`bin_compression_size`) and the file-sizes-*.json.gz path
+/// (`migrate_file_sizes`) would otherwise produce different
+/// `dataset_variant` strings and never collapse onto the same
+/// `measurement_id`. Parse to f64 and format with no trailing zeros so
+/// every shape collapses to one canonical form (`"1"`, `"10"`, `"0.1"`).
+/// SF=1 is the implicit default and folds to `None`.
+pub fn canonical_scale_factor(raw: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
+    let s = raw?.trim();
+    if s.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let value: f64 = s.parse().ok()?;
+    if value == 1.0 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some(format!("{value}"))
+}
+
 /// Best-effort numeric coercion for the polymorphic `value` field.
 pub fn value_as_f64(value: &serde_json::Value) -> Option<f64> {
     match value {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
index cddca0c517c..300c610bd24 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
@@ -161,13 +161,6 @@ fn fan_out_query_records(
         format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
     },
 )]
-#[case::random_access_2_part_legacy(
-    "random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk",
-    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
-        dataset: "random access".into(),
-        format: "parquet".into(),
-    },
-)]
 #[case::random_access_4_part_lance(
     "random-access/taxi/take/lance-tokio-local-disk",
     V3Bin::RandomAccess {
@@ -267,6 +260,8 @@ fn compression_size_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
 #[case::ratio_size_vortex_raw("vortex:raw size/clickbench")]
 #[case::throughput("compress throughput/clickbench")]
 #[case::nonsense_prefix("not-a-known-bench/series")]
+#[case::random_access_2_part_legacy("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
+#[case::random_access_3_part("random-access/taxi/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
 fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     let r = record(name);
     assert_eq!(
@@ -276,6 +271,23 @@ fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     );
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn random_access_2_part_legacy_is_skip_not_unknown() {
+    // The 2-part legacy shape `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    // carries no dataset, so `bin_random_access` returns None. That
+    // None must route through `Outcome::Skip` (an intentional drop),
+    // NOT `Outcome::Unknown`, otherwise these records count against
+    // the 5% uncategorized gate in `migrate::run`. Top-level
+    // `classify()` returns None for both Skip and Unknown, so this
+    // assertion has to go through `classify_outcome`.
+    let r = record("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk");
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+    assert!(
+        matches!(outcome, Outcome::Skip(_)),
+        "2-part legacy random-access must Skip, not Unknown; got {outcome:?}"
+    );
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn parquet_zstd_size_is_deprecated() {
     // `parquet-zstd` is not on the v3 emitter's format allowlist, so
@@ -401,6 +413,33 @@ fn tpch_compression_size_drops_default_scale_factor() {
     assert_eq!(dataset_variant, None);
 }
 
+#[rstest]
+// SF=1 is the implicit default; both spellings must drop to None so
+// `bin_compression_size` and `migrate_file_sizes` agree.
+#[case::int_one("1", None)]
+#[case::float_one("1.0", None)]
+// SF=10 must produce the same canonical string regardless of spelling.
+#[case::int_ten("10", Some("10".into()))]
+#[case::float_ten("10.0", Some("10".into()))]
+#[case::float_fractional("0.1", Some("0.1".into()))]
+#[case::whitespace("  10  ", Some("10".into()))]
+#[case::empty("", None)]
+fn compression_size_scale_factor_canonicalizes(
+    #[case] raw_sf: &str,
+    #[case] expected: Option<String>,
+) {
+    let mut r = record("vortex size/tpch");
+    r.dataset = Some(serde_json::json!({ "tpch": { "scale_factor": raw_sf } }));
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+    let Outcome::Bin(V3Bin::CompressionSize {
+        dataset_variant, ..
+    }) = outcome
+    else {
+        panic!("expected Bin(CompressionSize) for sf={raw_sf:?}, got {outcome:?}");
+    };
+    assert_eq!(dataset_variant, expected, "sf={raw_sf:?}");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn engine_casing_lowercased() {
     // Older v2 records emitted display-case engines like `DataFusion`
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs
index 210092a4058..25bf5c0ad55 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/end_to_end.rs
@@ -227,6 +227,193 @@ fn compression_size_data_and_file_sizes_merge() {
     assert_eq!(value_bytes, 300);
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn empty_author_email_stored_as_null() {
+    // v2 sometimes wrote `""` for blank author/email/message. The
+    // migrator normalizes those to None so DuckDB stores SQL NULL,
+    // letting the UI distinguish "missing metadata" from "empty
+    // string". Here author.email is "" — verify the column is NULL,
+    // not the empty string.
+    const COMMITS: &str = r#"{"id":"deadbeef","timestamp":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","message":"fixture","author":{"name":"A","email":""},"committer":{"name":"C","email":"c@example.com"},"tree_id":"abcd0001","url":"https://example.com/commit/deadbeef"}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS, "", &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let is_null: bool = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT author_email IS NULL FROM commits WHERE commit_sha = 'deadbeef'",
+            [],
+            |r| r.get(0),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(is_null, "empty author.email must store as SQL NULL");
+
+    // Non-empty fields still round-trip as strings.
+    let committer_email: String = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT committer_email FROM commits WHERE commit_sha = 'deadbeef'",
+            [],
+            |r| r.get(0),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(committer_email, "c@example.com");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn open_target_db_removes_orphan_wal() {
+    // A `.wal` left from a previous crash with no main file present
+    // must still be removed so the next run starts from a known-empty
+    // state. Otherwise DuckDB can replay stale WAL into the fresh DB
+    // and corrupt subsequent inserts.
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+    let wal = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb.wal");
+    std::fs::write(&wal, b"orphan-wal-bytes").unwrap();
+    assert!(wal.exists(), "precondition: orphan wal staged");
+    assert!(!target.exists(), "precondition: no main db file");
+
+    let _conn = migrate::open_target_db(&target).unwrap();
+
+    // The migrator opens the DB after sweeping the WAL; DuckDB may
+    // recreate its own wal under load, but our pre-existing orphan
+    // bytes must not survive the sweep. We assert by content: either
+    // the path is missing, or its contents differ from the orphan we
+    // staged.
+    if wal.exists() {
+        let now = std::fs::read(&wal).unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(
+            now, b"orphan-wal-bytes",
+            "orphan wal bytes must not survive open_target_db"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn file_sizes_unknown_id_falls_back_to_unknown_prefix() {
+    // A file-sizes-*.json.gz whose id isn't in
+    // `KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES`, with an empty `benchmark` field, used
+    // to surface as a bare id like `mystery-suite` and render as a
+    // dataset name. The migrator now prefixes those with `unknown:`
+    // so the UI can flag them.
+    const FILE_SIZES: &str = r#"{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"","scale_factor":"","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-0.vortex","size_bytes":1000}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(
+        COMMITS_JSONL,
+        "",
+        &[("file-sizes-mystery-suite.json.gz", FILE_SIZES)],
+    );
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let dataset: String = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT dataset FROM compression_sizes", [], |r| r.get(0))
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "unknown:mystery-suite");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn file_sizes_known_id_uses_id_directly() {
+    // For a KNOWN_FILE_SIZES_SUITES id, the fallback path keeps the
+    // raw id (no `unknown:` prefix). `clickbench-nvme` is on the list.
+    const FILE_SIZES: &str = r#"{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"","scale_factor":"","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-0.vortex","size_bytes":1000}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(
+        COMMITS_JSONL,
+        "",
+        &[("file-sizes-clickbench-nvme.json.gz", FILE_SIZES)],
+    );
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let dataset: String = conn
+        .query_row("SELECT dataset FROM compression_sizes", [], |r| r.get(0))
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(dataset, "clickbench-nvme");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn compression_size_data_and_file_sizes_merge_with_canonical_sf() {
+    // Same logical SF written as `"10"` on the data.json.gz side and
+    // `"10.0"` on the file-sizes side. Both paths must canonicalize
+    // to `"10"` so the rows share a `measurement_id` and merge into
+    // one compression_sizes row.
+    const DATA: &str = r#"{"name":"vortex size/tpch","commit_id":"deadbeef","unit":"bytes","value":200,"dataset":{"tpch":{"scale_factor":"10"}}}
+"#;
+    const FILE_SIZES: &str = r#"{"commit_id":"deadbeef","benchmark":"tpch","scale_factor":"10.0","format":"vortex-file-compressed","file":"part-0.vortex","size_bytes":100}
+"#;
+
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(
+        COMMITS_JSONL,
+        DATA,
+        &[("file-sizes-tpch-nvme-10.json.gz", FILE_SIZES)],
+    );
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(summary.compression_size_inserted, 1, "summary={summary}");
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let (n, value_bytes, dataset_variant): (i64, i64, String) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*), SUM(value_bytes), MAX(dataset_variant) FROM compression_sizes",
+            [],
+            |r| Ok((r.get(0)?, r.get(1)?, r.get(2)?)),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(n, 1);
+    // data.json.gz seeds 200, file-sizes adds 100.
+    assert_eq!(value_bytes, 300);
+    assert_eq!(dataset_variant, "10");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn summary_counts_match_actual_rows_on_success() {
+    // Sister test to migrate::tests::flush_all_does_not_overcount_on_failure.
+    // On a fully successful run, the post-flush summary counters must
+    // equal `SELECT COUNT(*)` from each fact table. This is the
+    // invariant the flush-after-count refactor preserves.
+    let src_dir = build_fixture(COMMITS_JSONL, DATA_JSONL, &[]);
+    let target_dir = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+    let target = target_dir.path().join("v3.duckdb");
+
+    let summary = migrate::run(&Source::Local(src_dir.path().into()), &target).unwrap();
+
+    let conn = Connection::open(&target).unwrap();
+    let actual = |table: &str| -> u64 {
+        let n: i64 = conn
+            .query_row(&format!("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {table}"), [], |r| r.get(0))
+            .unwrap();
+        n as u64
+    };
+    assert_eq!(summary.query_inserted, actual("query_measurements"));
+    assert_eq!(
+        summary.compression_time_inserted,
+        actual("compression_times")
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        summary.compression_size_inserted,
+        actual("compression_sizes")
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        summary.random_access_inserted,
+        actual("random_access_times")
+    );
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn file_sizes_sum_into_one_row() {
     // Two file-sizes rows sharing (commit, benchmark, format,
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index e6581c7c4f0..f482e57d030 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ fn collect_query_chart(
         r#"
         SELECT q.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
-               c.message, c.url,
+               COALESCE(c.message, '') AS message, c.url,
                q.engine, q.format, q.value_ns
           FROM query_measurements q
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ fn collect_compression_time_chart(
         r#"
         SELECT t.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
-               c.message, c.url,
+               COALESCE(c.message, '') AS message, c.url,
                t.format, t.op, t.value_ns
           FROM compression_times t
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ fn collect_compression_size_chart(
         r#"
         SELECT s.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
-               c.message, c.url,
+               COALESCE(c.message, '') AS message, c.url,
                s.format, s.value_bytes
           FROM compression_sizes s
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ fn collect_random_access_chart(conn: &Connection, dataset: &str) -> Result<Optio
         r#"
         SELECT r.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
-               c.message, c.url,
+               COALESCE(c.message, '') AS message, c.url,
                r.format, r.value_ns
           FROM random_access_times r
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
@@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ fn collect_vector_search_chart(
         r#"
         SELECT v.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
-               c.message, c.url,
+               COALESCE(c.message, '') AS message, c.url,
                v.flavor, v.value_ns
           FROM vector_search_runs v
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
index 72d456c3043..be00f86eac6 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/schema.rs
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ pub const SCHEMA_DDL: &str = r#"
 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS commits (
     commit_sha       TEXT        PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
     timestamp        TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
-    message          TEXT        NOT NULL,
-    author_name      TEXT        NOT NULL,
-    author_email     TEXT        NOT NULL,
-    committer_name   TEXT        NOT NULL,
-    committer_email  TEXT        NOT NULL,
+    message          TEXT,
+    author_name      TEXT,
+    author_email     TEXT,
+    committer_name   TEXT,
+    committer_email  TEXT,
     tree_sha         TEXT        NOT NULL,
     url              TEXT        NOT NULL
 );

From d36cab47d7d589d5027234e35e14a0f377e55859 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 16:44:25 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 13/26] [claude] feat(benchmarks-website): historical
 comparison UX + mobile (#7681)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

## Summary

Brings the v3 benchmarks website to a demo-ready state focused on the
historical-comparison use case (Vortex vs other engines on the same
commit, HEAD vs N commits ago, latest vs first as % delta). Single
process, single binary; SSR `maud` + inline JSON `<script>` +
Chart.js — no client-side framework, no build step, no post-load API
round-trips.

> Branch note: this PR was developed on the harness-assigned branch
> `claude/demo-ready-benchmarks-v3-H5ECI` rather than the
> `claude/benchmarks-v3-ui-historical-comparison` branch the task
> request mentioned, because the session's harness pins the working
> branch (`Develop on branch …`, `NEVER push to a different branch
> without explicit permission`).

## CI note

The `Rust tests (windows-x64)` job is failing on this PR but the
**same job is also failing on the merge commit at the tip of
`ct/benchmarks-v3`** (PR #7671's run, job id `73229326105`, the
commit `8697731` we branched from). The base branch shipped with
that failure tolerated, and our diff only touches
`benchmarks-website/server/` (no Windows-specific paths, no FFI, no
new dependencies on Windows-fragile crates), so this failure is
pre-existing and not caused by the PR. CodSpeed flagged two
`varbinview_zip` regressions in `vortex-array/` — also untouched by
this PR.

## What's new

* **Scoped commit window** — `?n=25|50|100|250|all`, default 100,
  server-side clamp to `[1, 1000]`. SQL splices in a `LIMIT ?` filter
  and binds the value as a parameter (consistent with the rest of
  the file's `params!`-style use); the unbounded path is a separate
  query so the plan stays clean.
* **Group page** — `GET /group/{slug}` renders every chart in one
  group on a single screen. Each card embeds its own
  `<script id="chart-data-N">` payload + sibling `<canvas
  data-chart-index="N">`. `IntersectionObserver` defers `Chart`
  construction until the canvas scrolls into view (mobile-friendly
  + cheap for 22-chart TPC-H groups).
* **Toolbar** — same component on `/chart/{slug}` and `/group/{slug}`.
  Scope buttons + slider, linear/log Y-axis, absolute / `% of
  baseline` mode. URL query string is canonical state; subtitle
  mirrors active state. Slider step is `5` so it can land on every
  preset value (`25`, `50`, `100`, `250`).
* **Rich tooltip** — custom external HTML tooltip with `<short-sha> ·
  YYYY-MM-DD` title; per-series rows render value with friendly unit
  (ns→µs→ms→s, B→KiB→MiB→GiB) and a coloured `% delta` vs the prior
  visible commit; footer carries the truncated commit message + a
  GitHub link. Document-level click closes.
* **Legend → URL** — clicking a legend item rewrites
  `?hidden=engine:format|…` via `history.replaceState` (no back-button
  hostility). Permalinks reproduce the view. Delimiter is `|` so
  series names can contain `:` and `,` without escaping.
* **Mobile** — `@media (max-width: 768px)`: single-column chart grid,
  toolbar wraps with ≥ 40 px touch targets, slider expands to fill
  the row, legend pops to the *top* of the chart so it doesn't push
  the chart off-screen on a phone.
* **Landing search** — client-side filter input above the group list.
* **/api/group/{slug}** — JSON sibling to the HTML route, returns
  every chart in the group with payloads inlined.

## What was *not* picked up from `planning/components/web-ui.md`'s
deferred list

Done now (moved out of deferred):
- mobile redesign basics (single column, ≥ 40 px tap targets,
  toolbar wrap)
- engine + series toggling (legend ↔ URL)
- deep-link state (every toolbar control is URL-canonical)
- group landing with the start of "filters" (client-side search)

Still deferred (intentional):
- per-commit drill-down page
- ad-hoc SQL page
- LTTB downsampling
- engine name lookup table + curated colour palettes
- summary cards (geomean ratios, rankings)
- full-screen modal / zoom-pan
- `?mode=delta` (compare-to-main) — parser branch dropped pending
  data shape work; toolbar surface today is only `abs / rel`

## Repro

    INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN=$(openssl rand -hex 32) \
    VORTEX_BENCH_DB=./bench.duckdb \
    cargo run --release -p vortex-bench-server

Then open `http://localhost:3000/`, click any group name (now a link
to `/group/{slug}`), or any chart inside, and play with the toolbar.
Toggle a series in the legend and notice `?hidden=…` appear in the
URL. Resize to phone width to confirm single-column layout, sticky
toolbar wrapping, and legend-on-top.

## Snapshot diffs

Three `.snap` files refreshed by this PR:
- `landing_page.snap` — group names now link to `/group/{slug}`,
  search input added, `data-group-name` for client filter.
- `chart_page_query.snap` — toolbar + indexed
  `<script id="chart-data-0">` + tooltip host element.
- `group_page_query.snap` (new) — group page rendered against the
  fixture DB, `?n=100` pinned for stability.

Run `INSTA_UPDATE=always cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` (or
`cargo insta accept`) to refresh.

## Test plan

- [x] `cargo build -p vortex-bench-server`
- [x] `cargo test -p vortex-bench-server` — 41 tests pass (22 unit +
      10 ingest + 9 web_ui)
- [x] `cargo clippy -p vortex-bench-server --all-targets -- -D
      warnings` — clean
- [x] `cargo +nightly fmt` — no diff
- [ ] `./scripts/public-api.sh` — skipped per CLAUDE.md (leaf binary,
      not in workspace public-api lockfile set)
- [ ] Manual screenshots — couldn't capture from the sandbox; the
      reviewer or follow-up should record landing / single chart with
      toolbar / group desktop / group mobile / tooltip open / log+rel.

## Follow-up review fixes (commits `7042f0d` … `da668a4`)

- `7042f0d` — `LIMIT` value travels as a bound parameter (`LIMIT ?`)
  via `params_from_iter` instead of being interpolated into SQL.
- `9c80bce` — drop the unused `?mode=delta` parser branch in both
  `UiQuery::mode` and `chart-init.js::parseUrl`.
- `d156ab8` — `?hidden=` delimiter is now `|`; new test pins the
  server/client wire agreement.
- `da668a4` — slider `step` lowered to 5 so it can land on every
  preset (`25/50/100/250`).

## Things explicitly NOT changed

- `/api/ingest`, auth, schema, write paths.
- DB migration (none added).
- Existing routes (no renames).
- v2 site at `benchmarks-website/server.js` etc — untouched.
- Single-chart page still works; reuses the same `chart-init.js`.

https://claude.ai/code/session_015Nc73ihs9TUdx7QzLUZudK

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          | 424 ++++++++++++++++--
 benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs          |   1 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 374 ++++++++++++++-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs         | 103 +++++
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 364 +++++++++++++--
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    | 272 +++++++++--
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   3 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   5 +
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 172 ++++++-
 10 files changed, 1577 insertions(+), 143 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index f482e57d030..12ec70a6719 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -7,14 +7,19 @@
 //! `benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md`. Slugs round-trip through
 //! [`crate::slug::ChartKey`].
 
+use std::num::NonZeroU32;
+
 use anyhow::Context as _;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use axum::Json;
 use axum::extract::Path;
+use axum::extract::Query;
 use axum::extract::State;
 use axum::response::IntoResponse;
 use duckdb::Connection;
-use duckdb::params;
+use duckdb::ToSql;
+use duckdb::params_from_iter;
+use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde::Serialize;
 use serde_json::Value as JsonValue;
 
@@ -22,6 +27,98 @@ use crate::app::AppState;
 use crate::db;
 use crate::error::ApiError;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
+use crate::slug::GroupKey;
+
+/// Default cap on the number of commits returned per chart.
+pub const DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 100;
+/// Hard server-side ceiling on `?n=NNN`.
+pub const MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 1000;
+
+/// Server-side cap on how many of the most recent commits a chart includes.
+///
+/// `Last(n)` keeps the most recent `n` commits by `commits.timestamp`; `All`
+/// returns every commit ever ingested.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum CommitWindow {
+    /// Keep the most recent `n` commits.
+    Last(NonZeroU32),
+    /// No cap.
+    All,
+}
+
+impl Default for CommitWindow {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::Last(NonZeroU32::new(DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW).expect("non-zero default"))
+    }
+}
+
+impl CommitWindow {
+    /// Parse the `?n=...` query string parameter. `None` and malformed values
+    /// fall back to [`CommitWindow::default`]. `"all"` (any case) means
+    /// unbounded. Numeric values are clamped to `[1, MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW]`.
+    pub fn parse(raw: Option<&str>) -> Self {
+        let Some(s) = raw else {
+            return Self::default();
+        };
+        let trimmed = s.trim();
+        if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("all") {
+            return Self::All;
+        }
+        trimmed
+            .parse::<u32>()
+            .ok()
+            .map(|v| v.clamp(1, MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW))
+            .and_then(NonZeroU32::new)
+            .map(Self::Last)
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    /// SQL fragment to splice into chart queries that filters `commits c` to
+    /// just the most recent `n` commits. Empty for `All`. The placeholder is
+    /// satisfied by [`Self::limit_param`] so the LIMIT value travels as a
+    /// bound parameter rather than an interpolated integer.
+    fn sql_filter(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::All => "",
+            Self::Last(_) => {
+                " AND c.commit_sha IN \
+                 (SELECT commit_sha FROM commits ORDER BY timestamp DESC LIMIT ?)"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Bound parameter for the `LIMIT ?` placeholder produced by
+    /// [`Self::sql_filter`]. `None` for [`Self::All`] (no extra `?` to bind).
+    fn limit_param(&self) -> Option<i64> {
+        match self {
+            Self::All => None,
+            Self::Last(n) => Some(i64::from(n.get())),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Render this window as the value the URL would carry (`"100"` /
+    /// `"all"`). Used by the HTML toolbar to mark the active scope.
+    pub fn url_value(&self) -> String {
+        match self {
+            Self::All => "all".into(),
+            Self::Last(n) => n.get().to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Query string for `/api/chart/{slug}` and `/chart/{slug}`.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ChartQuery {
+    /// Commit window: `25`, `50`, `100`, `250`, `all`, etc.
+    pub n: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl ChartQuery {
+    /// Resolved [`CommitWindow`] from the raw `n` parameter.
+    pub fn window(&self) -> CommitWindow {
+        CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref())
+    }
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct GroupsResponse {
@@ -31,9 +128,29 @@ pub struct GroupsResponse {
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct Group {
     pub name: String,
+    /// Slug for `/group/{slug}`. Round-trips through [`crate::slug::GroupKey`].
+    pub slug: String,
     pub charts: Vec<ChartLink>,
 }
 
+/// All charts in one group, returned by `GET /api/group/{slug}`.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct GroupChartsResponse {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub charts: Vec<NamedChartResponse>,
+}
+
+/// A single chart inside a [`GroupChartsResponse`]. `name` is the chart's
+/// short label inside the group (e.g. `Q1`); `slug` round-trips through
+/// `/api/chart/{slug}`.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct NamedChartResponse {
+    pub name: String,
+    pub slug: String,
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub chart: ChartResponse,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct ChartLink {
     pub name: String,
@@ -85,15 +202,36 @@ pub async fn groups(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Result<impl IntoResponse,
 pub async fn chart(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     Path(slug): Path<String>,
+    Query(q): Query<ChartQuery>,
 ) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
     let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&slug)
         .map_err(|e| ApiError::BadRequest(format!("invalid slug: {e}")))?;
-    let response = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| collect_chart(conn, &key)).await?;
+    let window = q.window();
+    let response =
+        db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| collect_chart(conn, &key, &window)).await?;
     let response =
         response.ok_or_else(|| ApiError::NotFound(format!("no data for slug {slug:?}")))?;
     Ok(Json(response))
 }
 
+/// Handler for `GET /api/group/{slug}`.
+pub async fn group(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Path(slug): Path<String>,
+    Query(q): Query<ChartQuery>,
+) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
+    let key = GroupKey::from_slug(&slug)
+        .map_err(|e| ApiError::BadRequest(format!("invalid group slug: {e}")))?;
+    let window = q.window();
+    let response = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+        collect_group_charts(conn, &key, &window)
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let response =
+        response.ok_or_else(|| ApiError::NotFound(format!("no data for group slug {slug:?}")))?;
+    Ok(Json(response))
+}
+
 /// Handler for `GET /health`.
 pub async fn health(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Result<impl IntoResponse, ApiError> {
     let path = state.db_path.display().to_string();
@@ -186,8 +324,16 @@ fn collect_query_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
         );
         let need_new_group = current.as_ref() != Some(&key);
         if need_new_group {
+            let group_slug = GroupKey::QueryGroup {
+                dataset: dataset.clone(),
+                dataset_variant: dataset_variant.clone(),
+                scale_factor: scale_factor.clone(),
+                storage: storage.clone(),
+            }
+            .to_slug();
             groups.push(Group {
                 name: group_name_query(&dataset, &dataset_variant, &scale_factor, &storage),
+                slug: group_slug,
                 charts: Vec::new(),
             });
             current = Some(key);
@@ -271,6 +417,7 @@ fn collect_compression_time_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
     } else {
         Ok(Some(Group {
             name: "Compression".into(),
+            slug: GroupKey::CompressionTimeGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
         }))
     }
@@ -314,6 +461,7 @@ fn collect_compression_size_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
     } else {
         Ok(Some(Group {
             name: "Compression Size".into(),
+            slug: GroupKey::CompressionSizeGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
         }))
     }
@@ -341,6 +489,7 @@ fn collect_random_access_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
     } else {
         Ok(Some(Group {
             name: "Random Access".into(),
+            slug: GroupKey::RandomAccessGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
         }))
     }
@@ -369,8 +518,14 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
         let (dataset, layout, threshold) = row?;
         let key = (dataset.clone(), layout.clone());
         if current.as_ref() != Some(&key) {
+            let group_slug = GroupKey::VectorSearchGroup {
+                dataset: dataset.clone(),
+                layout: layout.clone(),
+            }
+            .to_slug();
             groups.push(Group {
                 name: format!("{dataset} / {layout}"),
+                slug: group_slug,
                 charts: Vec::new(),
             });
             current = Some(key);
@@ -394,8 +549,12 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
 }
 
 /// Collect the data for one chart by key. Used by both `GET /api/chart/:slug`
-/// and the HTML chart page.
-pub(crate) fn collect_chart(conn: &Connection, key: &ChartKey) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+/// and the HTML chart page. `window` caps the number of recent commits.
+pub(crate) fn collect_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    key: &ChartKey,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
     match key {
         ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
             dataset,
@@ -410,24 +569,59 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_chart(conn: &Connection, key: &ChartKey) -> Result<Option<
             scale_factor,
             storage,
             *query_idx,
+            window,
         ),
         ChartKey::CompressionTime {
             dataset,
             dataset_variant,
-        } => collect_compression_time_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant),
+        } => collect_compression_time_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant, window),
         ChartKey::CompressionSize {
             dataset,
             dataset_variant,
-        } => collect_compression_size_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant),
-        ChartKey::RandomAccess { dataset } => collect_random_access_chart(conn, dataset),
+        } => collect_compression_size_chart(conn, dataset, dataset_variant, window),
+        ChartKey::RandomAccess { dataset } => collect_random_access_chart(conn, dataset, window),
         ChartKey::VectorSearch {
             dataset,
             layout,
             threshold,
-        } => collect_vector_search_chart(conn, dataset, layout, *threshold),
+        } => collect_vector_search_chart(conn, dataset, layout, *threshold, window),
     }
 }
 
+/// Collect every chart inside one group. Returns `None` if the group has no
+/// data at all (callers should render a 404).
+pub(crate) fn collect_group_charts(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    key: &GroupKey,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
+) -> Result<Option<GroupChartsResponse>> {
+    let groups = collect_groups(conn)?;
+    let group = groups.into_iter().find(|g| g.slug == key.to_slug());
+    let Some(group) = group else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+    let mut charts = Vec::with_capacity(group.charts.len());
+    for link in group.charts {
+        let chart_key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)
+            .with_context(|| format!("invalid chart slug in group: {}", link.slug))?;
+        let Some(chart) = collect_chart(conn, &chart_key, window)? else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        charts.push(NamedChartResponse {
+            name: link.name,
+            slug: link.slug,
+            chart,
+        });
+    }
+    if charts.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    Ok(Some(GroupChartsResponse {
+        name: group.name,
+        charts,
+    }))
+}
+
 /// Time series rows are gathered keyed by `(commit_sha, series_key)` and then
 /// reshaped into the `commits[] / series{}` response shape.
 struct SeriesAccumulator {
@@ -497,8 +691,9 @@ fn collect_query_chart(
     scale_factor: &Option<String>,
     storage: &str,
     query_idx: i32,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
 ) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+    let sql = format!(
         r#"
         SELECT q.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
@@ -510,31 +705,34 @@ fn collect_query_chart(
            AND q.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
            AND q.scale_factor    IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
            AND q.storage = ?
-           AND q.query_idx = ?
+           AND q.query_idx = ?{filter}
          ORDER BY c.timestamp, q.engine, q.format
         "#,
-    )?;
+        filter = window.sql_filter(),
+    );
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
     let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
-    let rows = stmt.query_map(
-        params![
-            dataset,
-            dataset_variant.as_deref(),
-            scale_factor.as_deref(),
-            storage,
-            query_idx,
-        ],
-        |row| {
-            Ok((
-                row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(5)?,
-                row.get::<_, i64>(6)?,
-            ))
-        },
-    )?;
+    let mut binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![
+        Box::new(dataset.to_string()),
+        Box::new(dataset_variant.clone()),
+        Box::new(scale_factor.clone()),
+        Box::new(storage.to_string()),
+        Box::new(query_idx),
+    ];
+    if let Some(limit) = window.limit_param() {
+        binds.push(Box::new(limit));
+    }
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(4)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(5)?,
+            row.get::<_, i64>(6)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
     let mut any = false;
     for row in rows {
         any = true;
@@ -562,8 +760,9 @@ fn collect_compression_time_chart(
     conn: &Connection,
     dataset: &str,
     dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
 ) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+    let sql = format!(
         r#"
         SELECT t.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
@@ -572,12 +771,21 @@ fn collect_compression_time_chart(
           FROM compression_times t
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
          WHERE t.dataset = ?
-           AND t.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+           AND t.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?{filter}
          ORDER BY c.timestamp, t.format, t.op
         "#,
-    )?;
+        filter = window.sql_filter(),
+    );
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
     let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
-    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, dataset_variant.as_deref()], |row| {
+    let mut binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![
+        Box::new(dataset.to_string()),
+        Box::new(dataset_variant.clone()),
+    ];
+    if let Some(limit) = window.limit_param() {
+        binds.push(Box::new(limit));
+    }
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
         Ok((
             row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
             row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
@@ -610,8 +818,9 @@ fn collect_compression_size_chart(
     conn: &Connection,
     dataset: &str,
     dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
 ) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+    let sql = format!(
         r#"
         SELECT s.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
@@ -620,12 +829,21 @@ fn collect_compression_size_chart(
           FROM compression_sizes s
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
          WHERE s.dataset = ?
-           AND s.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+           AND s.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?{filter}
          ORDER BY c.timestamp, s.format
         "#,
-    )?;
+        filter = window.sql_filter(),
+    );
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
     let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
-    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, dataset_variant.as_deref()], |row| {
+    let mut binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![
+        Box::new(dataset.to_string()),
+        Box::new(dataset_variant.clone()),
+    ];
+    if let Some(limit) = window.limit_param() {
+        binds.push(Box::new(limit));
+    }
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
         Ok((
             row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
             row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
@@ -653,8 +871,12 @@ fn collect_compression_size_chart(
     Ok(Some(acc.finish(name, "bytes")))
 }
 
-fn collect_random_access_chart(conn: &Connection, dataset: &str) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+fn collect_random_access_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    let sql = format!(
         r#"
         SELECT r.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
@@ -662,12 +884,18 @@ fn collect_random_access_chart(conn: &Connection, dataset: &str) -> Result<Optio
                r.format, r.value_ns
           FROM random_access_times r
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
-         WHERE r.dataset = ?
+         WHERE r.dataset = ?{filter}
          ORDER BY c.timestamp, r.format
         "#,
-    )?;
+        filter = window.sql_filter(),
+    );
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
     let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
-    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset], |row| {
+    let mut binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![Box::new(dataset.to_string())];
+    if let Some(limit) = window.limit_param() {
+        binds.push(Box::new(limit));
+    }
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
         Ok((
             row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
             row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
@@ -695,8 +923,9 @@ fn collect_vector_search_chart(
     dataset: &str,
     layout: &str,
     threshold: f64,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
 ) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
-    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+    let sql = format!(
         r#"
         SELECT v.commit_sha,
                CAST(c.timestamp AS VARCHAR),
@@ -706,12 +935,22 @@ fn collect_vector_search_chart(
           JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
          WHERE v.dataset = ?
            AND v.layout = ?
-           AND v.threshold = ?
+           AND v.threshold = ?{filter}
          ORDER BY c.timestamp, v.flavor
         "#,
-    )?;
+        filter = window.sql_filter(),
+    );
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(&sql)?;
     let mut acc = SeriesAccumulator::new();
-    let rows = stmt.query_map(params![dataset, layout, threshold], |row| {
+    let mut binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![
+        Box::new(dataset.to_string()),
+        Box::new(layout.to_string()),
+        Box::new(threshold),
+    ];
+    if let Some(limit) = window.limit_param() {
+        binds.push(Box::new(limit));
+    }
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
         Ok((
             row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
             row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
@@ -736,3 +975,92 @@ fn collect_vector_search_chart(
         "ns",
     )))
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_parse_defaults() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(None) else {
+            panic!("default should be Last");
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_parse_all() {
+        assert!(matches!(
+            CommitWindow::parse(Some("all")),
+            CommitWindow::All
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            CommitWindow::parse(Some("ALL")),
+            CommitWindow::All
+        ));
+        assert!(matches!(
+            CommitWindow::parse(Some(" all ")),
+            CommitWindow::All
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_parse_numeric() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("50")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), 50);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_parse_clamps() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("99999")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("0")) else {
+            panic!("clamp of 0 should round to 1")
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_parse_malformed_falls_back() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("banana")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_url_value() {
+        assert_eq!(CommitWindow::default().url_value(), "100");
+        assert_eq!(CommitWindow::All.url_value(), "all");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_sql_filter_shape() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("42")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        let f = CommitWindow::Last(n).sql_filter();
+        // Bound placeholder, not an interpolated integer.
+        assert!(f.contains("LIMIT ?"));
+        assert!(!f.contains("42"));
+        assert!(CommitWindow::All.sql_filter().is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn commit_window_limit_param() {
+        let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("42")) else {
+            panic!()
+        };
+        assert_eq!(CommitWindow::Last(n).limit_param(), Some(42));
+        assert_eq!(CommitWindow::All.limit_param(), None);
+        assert_eq!(CommitWindow::default().limit_param(), Some(100));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
index 0f0b2da7a91..167c85a6432 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/app.rs
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ pub fn router(state: AppState) -> Router {
     let read_routes = Router::new()
         .route("/api/groups", get(api::groups))
         .route("/api/chart/{slug}", get(api::chart))
+        .route("/api/group/{slug}", get(api::group))
         .route("/health", get(api::health));
 
     Router::new()
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index e548a858f80..e32f8c8dfd8 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,29 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
-//! HTML routes for the bench.vortex.dev v3 alpha web UI.
+//! HTML routes for the bench.vortex.dev v3 web UI.
 //!
-//! Two pages:
+//! Three pages:
 //! - `GET /` — landing page listing every group + chart derived from the
-//!   current data.
+//!   current data. Each group name links to `/group/{slug}` and each chart
+//!   link goes to `/chart/{slug}`.
 //! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single Chart.js line chart, payload fetched
 //!   server-side and embedded inline as a JSON `<script>` block so there is
 //!   no client-side round-trip after page load.
+//! - `GET /group/{slug}` — every chart in one group on a single page. Each
+//!   chart's payload is embedded inline; chart construction itself is
+//!   deferred until the canvas scrolls into view (mobile-friendly + cheap
+//!   for big groups like the 22 TPC-H queries).
+//!
+//! All three pages share the same toolbar: scope (`?n=`), Y-axis (`?y=`),
+//! mode (`?mode=`), and hidden series (`?hidden=`). The URL query string is
+//! the source of truth for state; clicking through the toolbar is just plain
+//! `<a>` navigation, while the JS rewrites the URL via
+//! `history.replaceState` for client-only changes (legend toggles).
 //!
 //! Slugs are opaque strings the server received from `/api/groups`; the
 //! handler echoes them straight into [`crate::slug::ChartKey::from_slug`]
-//! without parsing.
+//! (or [`crate::slug::GroupKey::from_slug`]) without parsing.
 //!
 //! Static assets (Chart.js + CSS + the small hydration script) are served
 //! from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the binary is fully
@@ -20,6 +31,7 @@
 
 use axum::Router;
 use axum::extract::Path;
+use axum::extract::Query;
 use axum::extract::State;
 use axum::http::StatusCode;
 use axum::http::header;
@@ -30,13 +42,17 @@ use maud::DOCTYPE;
 use maud::Markup;
 use maud::PreEscaped;
 use maud::html;
+use serde::Deserialize;
 
 use crate::api;
 use crate::api::ChartResponse;
+use crate::api::CommitWindow;
 use crate::api::Group;
+use crate::api::GroupChartsResponse;
 use crate::app::AppState;
 use crate::db;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
+use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
 const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
 const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
@@ -47,11 +63,112 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
     Router::new()
         .route("/", get(landing))
         .route("/chart/{slug}", get(chart_page))
+        .route("/group/{slug}", get(group_page))
         .route("/static/chart.umd.js", get(serve_chart_js))
         .route("/static/chart-init.js", get(serve_chart_init_js))
         .route("/static/style.css", get(serve_style_css))
 }
 
+/// Toolbar/UI state parsed from the query string.
+///
+/// Server only consumes `n`; the rest are echoed into the rendered toolbar
+/// and the URL the JS rewrites for legend toggles. Storing them as
+/// strings keeps the round-trip lossless for unknown values.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
+pub struct UiQuery {
+    pub n: Option<String>,
+    pub y: Option<String>,
+    pub mode: Option<String>,
+    pub hidden: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl UiQuery {
+    fn window(&self) -> CommitWindow {
+        CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref())
+    }
+
+    /// `?y=linear|log`, default `linear`.
+    fn y_axis(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self.y.as_deref() {
+            Some("log") => "log",
+            _ => "linear",
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// `?mode=abs|rel`, default `abs`. Unknown values fall through to `abs`.
+    fn mode(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self.mode.as_deref() {
+            Some("rel") => "rel",
+            _ => "abs",
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Build a query string with the given override applied. Only retains
+    /// non-empty / non-default values so URLs stay short.
+    fn with_override(&self, key: &str, value: &str) -> String {
+        let mut pairs: Vec<(&str, String)> = Vec::new();
+        let mut add = |k: &'static str, v: Option<String>| {
+            if let Some(v) = v
+                && !v.is_empty()
+            {
+                pairs.push((k, v));
+            }
+        };
+        let n = if key == "n" {
+            Some(value.to_string())
+        } else {
+            self.n.clone()
+        };
+        let y = if key == "y" {
+            Some(value.to_string())
+        } else {
+            self.y.clone()
+        };
+        let mode = if key == "mode" {
+            Some(value.to_string())
+        } else {
+            self.mode.clone()
+        };
+        let hidden = if key == "hidden" {
+            Some(value.to_string())
+        } else {
+            self.hidden.clone()
+        };
+        add("n", n);
+        add("y", y);
+        add("mode", mode);
+        add("hidden", hidden);
+        if pairs.is_empty() {
+            String::new()
+        } else {
+            let body: Vec<String> = pairs
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(k, v)| format!("{k}={}", urlencode(&v)))
+                .collect();
+            format!("?{}", body.join("&"))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Minimal URL-encoder for query string values. Only chars that need escaping
+/// inside an `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` value are touched; the
+/// alphanumeric plus a few path-safe symbols pass through verbatim. We avoid
+/// pulling in a crate for this — values are short (`100`, `log`, `rel`,
+/// `engine:format|engine:format`). `|` is the `?hidden=` series delimiter
+/// (see `chart-init.js`); kept unescaped so URLs stay readable in the bar.
+fn urlencode(s: &str) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(s.len());
+    for b in s.bytes() {
+        match b {
+            b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'-' | b'_' | b'.' | b'~' | b':' | b'|' => {
+                out.push(b as char)
+            }
+            _ => out.push_str(&format!("%{b:02X}")),
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
 async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
     let groups = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| api::collect_groups(conn)).await {
         Ok(g) => g,
@@ -64,12 +181,16 @@ async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
         "bench.vortex.dev",
         "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)",
         landing_body(&groups),
-        PageScripts::None,
+        PageScripts::Landing,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
 
-async fn chart_page(State(state): State<AppState>, Path(slug): Path<String>) -> Response {
+async fn chart_page(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Path(slug): Path<String>,
+    Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>,
+) -> Response {
     let key = match ChartKey::from_slug(&slug) {
         Ok(key) => key,
         Err(err) => {
@@ -78,7 +199,11 @@ async fn chart_page(State(state): State<AppState>, Path(slug): Path<String>) ->
         }
     };
 
-    let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| api::collect_chart(conn, &key)).await;
+    let window = ui.window();
+    let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+        api::collect_chart(conn, &key, &window)
+    })
+    .await;
     let chart = match result {
         Ok(Some(c)) => c,
         Ok(None) => return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "chart not found").into_response(),
@@ -97,10 +222,47 @@ async fn chart_page(State(state): State<AppState>, Path(slug): Path<String>) ->
     };
 
     let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", chart.display_name);
+    let subtitle = format!("{} · {}", chart.display_name, toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui));
     render_page(
         &title,
-        &chart.display_name,
-        chart_body(&chart, &payload_json),
+        &subtitle,
+        chart_body(&chart, &payload_json, &ui),
+        PageScripts::Chart,
+    )
+    .into_response()
+}
+
+async fn group_page(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Path(slug): Path<String>,
+    Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>,
+) -> Response {
+    let key = match GroupKey::from_slug(&slug) {
+        Ok(k) => k,
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::warn!(error = ?err, slug, "group_page: invalid slug");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "group not found").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+    let window = ui.window();
+    let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+        api::collect_group_charts(conn, &key, &window)
+    })
+    .await;
+    let group = match result {
+        Ok(Some(g)) => g,
+        Ok(None) => return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "group not found").into_response(),
+        Err(err) => {
+            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "group_page: collect_group_charts failed");
+            return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
+        }
+    };
+    let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", group.name);
+    let subtitle = format!("{} · {}", group.name, toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui));
+    render_page(
+        &title,
+        &subtitle,
+        group_body(&group, &ui),
         PageScripts::Chart,
     )
     .into_response()
@@ -108,7 +270,7 @@ async fn chart_page(State(state): State<AppState>, Path(slug): Path<String>) ->
 
 /// Which scripts the page wants pulled in.
 enum PageScripts {
-    None,
+    Landing,
     Chart,
 }
 
@@ -129,7 +291,9 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
                 }
                 main { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
-                    PageScripts::None => {},
+                    PageScripts::Landing => {
+                        script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
+                    },
                     PageScripts::Chart => {
                         script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer {}
                         script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
@@ -145,9 +309,15 @@ fn landing_body(groups: &[Group]) -> Markup {
         @if groups.is_empty() {
             p.empty { "No data ingested yet." }
         } @else {
+            div.landing-search {
+                input #group-search type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…"
+                    autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false";
+            }
             @for group in groups {
-                section.group {
-                    h2 { (group.name) }
+                section.group data-group-name=(group.name) {
+                    h2 {
+                        a.group-link href={ "/group/" (group.slug) } { (group.name) }
+                    }
                     ul.charts {
                         @for chart in &group.charts {
                             li {
@@ -161,27 +331,133 @@ fn landing_body(groups: &[Group]) -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
-fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
+fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
     let series_count = chart.series.len();
     let commit_count = chart.commits.len();
     html! {
+        (toolbar(ui))
         p.chart-meta {
             "unit: " code { (chart.unit) }
             " · "
             (series_count) " series · "
             (commit_count) " commit" @if commit_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
-        div.chart-wrap {
-            canvas id="chart" {}
+        div.chart-card data-chart-index="0" {
+            div.chart-tooltip-host {}
+            div.chart-wrap {
+                canvas data-chart-index="0" {}
+            }
         }
         // Embedded JSON; rendered as text content so JSON `<` / `>` are HTML-escaped.
-        script id="chart-data" type="application/json" { (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json))) }
+        script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json" {
+            (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json)))
+        }
         noscript {
             p.no-script { "JavaScript is required to render the chart." }
         }
     }
 }
 
+fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+    let chart_count = group.charts.len();
+    html! {
+        (toolbar(ui))
+        p.chart-meta {
+            (chart_count) " chart" @if chart_count != 1 { "s" }
+        }
+        div.chart-grid {
+            @for (i, item) in group.charts.iter().enumerate() {
+                section.chart-card data-chart-index=(i) {
+                    h3.chart-card-title {
+                        a href={ "/chart/" (item.slug) (ui_query_string(ui)) } { (item.name) }
+                    }
+                    div.chart-tooltip-host {}
+                    div.chart-wrap {
+                        canvas data-chart-index=(i) {}
+                    }
+                    script id={ "chart-data-" (i) } type="application/json" {
+                        (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(
+                            &serde_json::to_string(&item.chart)
+                                .expect("ChartResponse serialises"),
+                        )))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        noscript {
+            p.no-script { "JavaScript is required to render the charts." }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Fragment that captures the current toolbar state as a query string,
+/// preserved when navigating between pages.
+fn ui_query_string(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
+    ui.with_override("__noop", "")
+}
+
+fn toolbar(ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+    let active_scope = ui.window().url_value();
+    let active_y = ui.y_axis();
+    let active_mode = ui.mode();
+    html! {
+        nav.toolbar aria-label="Chart controls" {
+            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Commit window" {
+                span.toolbar-label { "Scope" }
+                @for opt in ["25", "50", "100", "250", "all"] {
+                    a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[opt == active_scope]
+                        href=(ui.with_override("n", opt))
+                        data-scope=(opt) { (opt) }
+                }
+                input #scope-slider type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5"
+                    value=(slider_value(active_scope.as_str()))
+                    aria-label="Custom commit window";
+                span #scope-slider-label.toolbar-slider-label { (active_scope) }
+            }
+            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale" {
+                span.toolbar-label { "Y" }
+                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "linear"]
+                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "linear")) { "linear" }
+                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "log"]
+                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "log")) { "log" }
+            }
+            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Display mode" {
+                span.toolbar-label { "Mode" }
+                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "abs"]
+                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "abs")) { "absolute" }
+                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "rel"]
+                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "rel")) { "% of baseline" }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Best-effort default value for the slider when the active scope is
+/// non-numeric (e.g. `all`).
+fn slider_value(scope: &str) -> String {
+    scope
+        .parse::<u32>()
+        .map(|n| n.to_string())
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "100".into())
+}
+
+/// Subtitle suffix that mirrors active toolbar state, e.g.
+/// `last 100 commits · log · rel`.
+fn toolbar_subtitle_suffix(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
+    let scope = match ui.window() {
+        CommitWindow::All => "all commits".to_string(),
+        CommitWindow::Last(n) => format!("last {} commits", n.get()),
+    };
+    let mut bits = vec![scope];
+    if ui.y_axis() == "log" {
+        bits.push("log".into());
+    }
+    if ui.mode() != "abs" {
+        bits.push(ui.mode().into());
+    }
+    bits.join(" · ")
+}
+
 /// Make a JSON string safe to embed inside a `<script>` element.
 ///
 /// HTML parsers terminate `<script>` early on a literal `</`. Replacing the
@@ -257,4 +533,68 @@ mod tests {
         let s = r#"{"a":1,"b":"hello"}"#;
         assert_eq!(escape_json_for_script(s), s);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn url_encode_keeps_safe_chars() {
+        assert_eq!(urlencode("engine:format|parquet"), "engine:format|parquet");
+        // `,` is no longer in the allowlist — it gets percent-encoded.
+        assert_eq!(urlencode("a,b"), "a%2Cb");
+        assert_eq!(urlencode("hello world"), "hello%20world");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ui_query_with_override_round_trips() {
+        let ui = UiQuery {
+            n: Some("50".into()),
+            y: Some("log".into()),
+            mode: None,
+            hidden: None,
+        };
+        let qs = ui.with_override("mode", "rel");
+        assert!(qs.contains("n=50"));
+        assert!(qs.contains("y=log"));
+        assert!(qs.contains("mode=rel"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ui_query_with_override_drops_empty() {
+        let ui = UiQuery::default();
+        // Default with no override produces empty string.
+        assert_eq!(ui.with_override("__noop", ""), "");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn toolbar_subtitle_includes_active_state() {
+        let ui = UiQuery {
+            n: Some("50".into()),
+            y: Some("log".into()),
+            mode: Some("rel".into()),
+            hidden: None,
+        };
+        let s = toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui);
+        assert!(s.contains("last 50 commits"));
+        assert!(s.contains("log"));
+        assert!(s.contains("rel"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn ui_query_with_override_preserves_pipe_delimited_hidden() {
+        // `?hidden=` uses `|` as its delimiter (see chart-init.js). A
+        // permalink that arrives at the server with multiple hidden series
+        // must round-trip through `with_override` without the pipe being
+        // percent-encoded — that pins server and client agreement on the
+        // wire shape.
+        let ui = UiQuery {
+            n: None,
+            y: None,
+            mode: None,
+            hidden: Some("a:b|c:d".into()),
+        };
+        let qs = ui.with_override("__noop", "");
+        assert!(
+            qs.contains("hidden=a:b|c:d"),
+            "expected literal pipe in {qs}",
+        );
+        assert!(!qs.contains("%7C"), "pipe should not be percent-encoded");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
index 1fc8c3a43c1..911a6719484 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,12 @@ const PREFIX_COMPRESSION_SIZE: &str = "cs";
 const PREFIX_RANDOM_ACCESS: &str = "rat";
 const PREFIX_VECTOR_SEARCH: &str = "vsr";
 
+const PREFIX_QUERY_GROUP: &str = "qmg";
+const PREFIX_COMPRESSION_TIME_GROUP: &str = "ctg";
+const PREFIX_COMPRESSION_SIZE_GROUP: &str = "csg";
+const PREFIX_RANDOM_ACCESS_GROUP: &str = "rag";
+const PREFIX_VECTOR_SEARCH_GROUP: &str = "vsg";
+
 /// The strongly-typed chart key parsed from a slug.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
 #[serde(tag = "k")]
@@ -89,6 +95,61 @@ impl ChartKey {
     }
 }
 
+/// Slug for a *group* of charts. Mirrors [`ChartKey`] but at the group
+/// granularity: a group is a set of charts that share every dimension except
+/// one (e.g. all 22 TPC-H queries at sf=1 on nvme).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(tag = "k")]
+pub enum GroupKey {
+    /// All `query_measurements` charts at one `(dataset, dataset_variant,
+    /// scale_factor, storage)`. Charts inside vary by `query_idx`.
+    QueryGroup {
+        dataset: String,
+        dataset_variant: Option<String>,
+        scale_factor: Option<String>,
+        storage: String,
+    },
+    /// Every compression-time chart (one per `(dataset, dataset_variant)`).
+    CompressionTimeGroup,
+    /// Every compression-size chart.
+    CompressionSizeGroup,
+    /// Every random-access chart.
+    RandomAccessGroup,
+    /// All vector-search charts at one `(dataset, layout)`. Charts inside
+    /// vary by `threshold`.
+    VectorSearchGroup { dataset: String, layout: String },
+}
+
+impl GroupKey {
+    fn prefix(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::QueryGroup { .. } => PREFIX_QUERY_GROUP,
+            Self::CompressionTimeGroup => PREFIX_COMPRESSION_TIME_GROUP,
+            Self::CompressionSizeGroup => PREFIX_COMPRESSION_SIZE_GROUP,
+            Self::RandomAccessGroup => PREFIX_RANDOM_ACCESS_GROUP,
+            Self::VectorSearchGroup { .. } => PREFIX_VECTOR_SEARCH_GROUP,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Render the slug for this group key.
+    pub fn to_slug(&self) -> String {
+        let json = serde_json::to_vec(self).expect("GroupKey is always JSON-serializable");
+        format!("{}.{}", self.prefix(), URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.encode(json))
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a slug previously produced by [`Self::to_slug`].
+    pub fn from_slug(slug: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+        let (_, encoded) = slug
+            .split_once('.')
+            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("slug missing '.' separator"))?;
+        let json = URL_SAFE_NO_PAD
+            .decode(encoded.as_bytes())
+            .context("slug payload was not valid base64url")?;
+        let key: Self = serde_json::from_slice(&json).context("slug payload was not valid JSON")?;
+        Ok(key)
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -131,4 +192,46 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(ChartKey::from_slug("not-a-slug").is_err());
         assert!(ChartKey::from_slug("qm.****").is_err());
     }
+
+    fn roundtrip_group(key: GroupKey) {
+        let slug = key.to_slug();
+        let parsed = GroupKey::from_slug(&slug).expect("parses back");
+        assert_eq!(parsed, key);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn group_keys_roundtrip() {
+        roundtrip_group(GroupKey::QueryGroup {
+            dataset: "tpch".into(),
+            dataset_variant: None,
+            scale_factor: Some("1".into()),
+            storage: "nvme".into(),
+        });
+        roundtrip_group(GroupKey::CompressionTimeGroup);
+        roundtrip_group(GroupKey::CompressionSizeGroup);
+        roundtrip_group(GroupKey::RandomAccessGroup);
+        roundtrip_group(GroupKey::VectorSearchGroup {
+            dataset: "cohere".into(),
+            layout: "partitioned".into(),
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn group_slug_prefix_distinct_from_chart() {
+        let chart = ChartKey::CompressionTime {
+            dataset: "tpch".into(),
+            dataset_variant: None,
+        }
+        .to_slug();
+        let group = GroupKey::CompressionTimeGroup.to_slug();
+        let chart_prefix = chart.split_once('.').unwrap().0;
+        let group_prefix = group.split_once('.').unwrap().0;
+        assert_ne!(chart_prefix, group_prefix);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn malformed_group_slug_rejected() {
+        assert!(GroupKey::from_slug("not-a-slug").is_err());
+        assert!(GroupKey::from_slug("qmg.****").is_err());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index 5447b54aee2..862463d11c6 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
-// Hydrate the Chart.js line chart on /chart/:slug.
+// Hydrate Chart.js charts on /chart/:slug and /group/:slug, plus the
+// landing-page client-side filter.
 //
-// The server embeds the chart payload as a JSON <script id="chart-data">
-// block matching the /api/chart/:slug shape:
-//   { display_name, unit, commits: [{sha,timestamp,message,url}], series: { name: [Number|null] } }
+// Each chart's payload is embedded inline as
+//   <script id="chart-data-N" type="application/json">{ChartResponse}</script>
+// paired with a <canvas data-chart-index="N"> via the index attribute.
+// Construction is deferred until the canvas crosses an IntersectionObserver
+// threshold so a 22-chart group doesn't pay for offscreen charts up front.
+//
+// URL state (n, y, mode, hidden) is the source of truth. Server emits
+// scope/Y/mode toolbar links that navigate via plain <a>; client-side
+// legend toggles rewrite ?hidden=... via history.replaceState so a
+// permalink reproduces the view.
 (function () {
   "use strict";
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Palette + helpers
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   var palette = [
     "#2563eb", "#dc2626", "#16a34a", "#ea580c", "#7c3aed",
     "#0891b2", "#ca8a04", "#db2777", "#65a30d", "#475569",
@@ -22,70 +33,351 @@
     return typeof sha === "string" ? sha.slice(0, 7) : String(sha);
   }
 
-  function readPayload() {
-    var node = document.getElementById("chart-data");
-    if (!node) {
-      throw new Error("missing #chart-data element");
+  function shortDate(ts) {
+    if (typeof ts !== "string") return "";
+    // commits.timestamp arrives as either ISO 8601 or DuckDB's `YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS`.
+    return ts.slice(0, 10);
+  }
+
+  function truncate(s, max) {
+    if (typeof s !== "string") return "";
+    return s.length > max ? s.slice(0, max - 1) + "…" : s;
+  }
+
+  function escapeHtml(s) {
+    return String(s)
+      .replace(/&/g, "&amp;")
+      .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
+      .replace(/>/g, "&gt;")
+      .replace(/"/g, "&quot;")
+      .replace(/'/g, "&#39;");
+  }
+
+  function formatNumber(v, unit) {
+    if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return "—";
+    if (unit === "ns") {
+      // Pick a friendlier unit when the magnitude warrants it.
+      var abs = Math.abs(v);
+      if (abs >= 1e9) return (v / 1e9).toFixed(2) + " s";
+      if (abs >= 1e6) return (v / 1e6).toFixed(2) + " ms";
+      if (abs >= 1e3) return (v / 1e3).toFixed(2) + " µs";
+      return v.toFixed(0) + " ns";
+    }
+    if (unit === "bytes") {
+      var a = Math.abs(v);
+      if (a >= 1024 * 1024 * 1024) return (v / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)).toFixed(2) + " GiB";
+      if (a >= 1024 * 1024) return (v / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(2) + " MiB";
+      if (a >= 1024) return (v / 1024).toFixed(2) + " KiB";
+      return v.toFixed(0) + " B";
+    }
+    return v.toString();
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // URL state
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function parseUrl() {
+    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    return {
+      n: p.get("n") || "",
+      y: p.get("y") === "log" ? "log" : "linear",
+      mode: p.get("mode") === "rel" ? "rel" : "abs",
+      hidden: parseHiddenParam(p.get("hidden")),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // `|` cannot appear in our series labels (which are
+  // "engine:format"-shaped today), unlike `,`/`/` which could plausibly
+  // sneak in via dataset variants. URLSearchParams handles `|` as-is.
+  var HIDDEN_DELIM = "|";
+
+  function parseHiddenParam(s) {
+    if (!s) return Object.create(null);
+    var out = Object.create(null);
+    s.split(HIDDEN_DELIM).forEach(function (k) {
+      if (k) out[k] = true;
+    });
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  function serializeHidden(set) {
+    var keys = Object.keys(set).filter(function (k) { return set[k]; });
+    keys.sort();
+    return keys.join(HIDDEN_DELIM);
+  }
+
+  function rewriteHiddenInUrl(set) {
+    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    var v = serializeHidden(set);
+    if (v) {
+      p.set("hidden", v);
+    } else {
+      p.delete("hidden");
     }
-    return JSON.parse(node.textContent);
+    var qs = p.toString();
+    var url = window.location.pathname + (qs ? "?" + qs : "") + window.location.hash;
+    window.history.replaceState(null, "", url);
   }
 
-  function buildDatasets(series) {
-    var names = Object.keys(series).sort();
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Payload + dataset construction
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function readPayload(scriptNode) {
+    return JSON.parse(scriptNode.textContent);
+  }
+
+  function buildDatasets(payload, urlState) {
+    var raw = payload.series || {};
+    var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
+    var values = names.map(function (name) {
+      return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
+    });
+
+    if (urlState.mode === "rel") {
+      values = values.map(function (arr) {
+        var baseline = null;
+        for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+          if (arr[i] !== null && arr[i] !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(arr[i])) {
+            baseline = arr[i];
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (!baseline) return arr.map(function () { return null; });
+        return arr.map(function (v) {
+          if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return null;
+          return (v / baseline) * 100;
+        });
+      });
+    }
+
     return names.map(function (name, i) {
       return {
         label: name,
-        data: series[name],
+        data: values[i],
+        rawData: raw[name],
         borderColor: colorFor(i),
         backgroundColor: colorFor(i),
         spanGaps: true,
         tension: 0.1,
-        pointRadius: 3,
+        pointRadius: 2,
         pointHoverRadius: 5,
+        hidden: !!urlState.hidden[name],
       };
     });
   }
 
-  function init() {
-    var canvas = document.getElementById("chart");
-    if (!canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") {
-      return;
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Tooltip
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function externalTooltipHandler(payload, host) {
+    return function (context) {
+      var tooltipModel = context.tooltip;
+      if (!host) return;
+      if (tooltipModel.opacity === 0) {
+        host.style.opacity = "0";
+        host.style.pointerEvents = "none";
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var idx = tooltipModel.dataPoints && tooltipModel.dataPoints[0]
+        ? tooltipModel.dataPoints[0].dataIndex
+        : -1;
+      var commit = (payload.commits || [])[idx] || {};
+      var unit = payload.unit || "";
+
+      var rows = (tooltipModel.dataPoints || []).map(function (dp) {
+        var ds = dp.dataset || {};
+        var raw = (ds.rawData || [])[idx];
+        var prevIdx = idx - 1;
+        var prevRaw = null;
+        while (prevIdx >= 0) {
+          var pv = (ds.rawData || [])[prevIdx];
+          if (pv !== null && pv !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(pv)) { prevRaw = pv; break; }
+          prevIdx--;
+        }
+        var deltaHtml = "";
+        if (prevRaw !== null && raw !== null && raw !== undefined && prevRaw !== 0) {
+          var pct = ((raw - prevRaw) / prevRaw) * 100;
+          var cls = pct > 0 ? "tt-delta tt-delta--worse"
+                  : pct < 0 ? "tt-delta tt-delta--better" : "tt-delta";
+          var sign = pct > 0 ? "+" : "";
+          deltaHtml = '<span class="' + cls + '">' + sign + pct.toFixed(1) + "%</span>";
+        }
+        return '<div class="tt-row">'
+          + '<span class="tt-swatch" style="background:' + ds.borderColor + '"></span>'
+          + '<span class="tt-label">' + escapeHtml(ds.label) + '</span>'
+          + '<span class="tt-value">' + escapeHtml(formatNumber(raw, unit)) + '</span>'
+          + deltaHtml
+          + "</div>";
+      }).join("");
+
+      var titleHtml = '<div class="tt-title">'
+        + escapeHtml(shortSha(commit.sha)) + ' · '
+        + escapeHtml(shortDate(commit.timestamp))
+        + "</div>";
+
+      var msg = commit.message ? truncate(commit.message, 120) : "";
+      var footerHtml = "";
+      if (msg || commit.url) {
+        footerHtml = '<div class="tt-footer">'
+          + (msg ? '<div class="tt-msg">' + escapeHtml(msg) + "</div>" : "")
+          + (commit.url
+              ? '<a class="tt-link" href="' + escapeHtml(commit.url)
+                + '" target="_blank" rel="noopener">view on github →</a>'
+              : "")
+          + "</div>";
+      }
+
+      host.innerHTML = titleHtml + '<div class="tt-rows">' + rows + "</div>" + footerHtml;
+
+      var canvasRect = context.chart.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+      var hostRect = host.parentNode.getBoundingClientRect();
+      var x = canvasRect.left - hostRect.left + tooltipModel.caretX;
+      var y = canvasRect.top - hostRect.top + tooltipModel.caretY;
+      host.style.opacity = "1";
+      host.style.pointerEvents = "auto";
+      host.style.left = x + "px";
+      host.style.top = y + "px";
+    };
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Single-chart construction
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function constructChart(card, urlState) {
+    var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
+    var script = document.getElementById("chart-data-" + idx);
+    var canvas = card.querySelector('canvas[data-chart-index="' + idx + '"]');
+    if (!script || !canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") return null;
+    if (canvas.__bench_chart) return canvas.__bench_chart;
+
+    var payload;
+    try {
+      payload = readPayload(script);
+    } catch (e) {
+      return null;
     }
-    var payload = readPayload();
-    var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) {
-      return shortSha(c.sha);
-    });
-    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload.series || {});
-    new Chart(canvas, {
+
+    var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
+    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload, urlState);
+    var unit = payload.unit || "";
+    var host = card.querySelector(".chart-tooltip-host");
+
+    var yTitle = unit;
+    if (urlState.mode === "rel") yTitle = "% of baseline";
+    // Mobile gets the legend above the chart so the chart doesn't get pushed
+    // off-screen by a tall legend on narrow viewports.
+    var legendPosition = (window.matchMedia
+      && window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches) ? "top" : "bottom";
+
+    var chart = new Chart(canvas, {
       type: "line",
       data: { labels: labels, datasets: datasets },
       options: {
         responsive: true,
         maintainAspectRatio: false,
+        animation: false,
         interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false },
         scales: {
           y: {
-            beginAtZero: true,
-            title: { display: true, text: payload.unit || "" },
+            type: urlState.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear",
+            beginAtZero: urlState.y !== "log" && urlState.mode !== "rel",
+            title: { display: !!yTitle, text: yTitle },
           },
-          x: { title: { display: true, text: "commit" } },
+          x: { title: { display: false } },
         },
         plugins: {
-          legend: { position: "bottom" },
-          tooltip: {
-            callbacks: {
-              title: function (items) {
-                if (!items.length) return "";
-                var idx = items[0].dataIndex;
-                var c = (payload.commits || [])[idx] || {};
-                var msg = c.message ? " — " + c.message : "";
-                return shortSha(c.sha) + msg;
-              },
+          legend: {
+            position: legendPosition,
+            onClick: function (e, item, legend) {
+              // Default toggle behaviour, then mirror into URL.
+              var ci = legend.chart;
+              var meta = ci.getDatasetMeta(item.datasetIndex);
+              meta.hidden = meta.hidden === null ? !ci.data.datasets[item.datasetIndex].hidden : null;
+              ci.update();
+              var hiddenSet = parseHiddenParam(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("hidden"));
+              var label = item.text;
+              if (meta.hidden) hiddenSet[label] = true; else delete hiddenSet[label];
+              rewriteHiddenInUrl(hiddenSet);
             },
           },
+          tooltip: {
+            enabled: false,
+            external: externalTooltipHandler(payload, host),
+          },
         },
       },
     });
+    canvas.__bench_chart = chart;
+    return chart;
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Page wiring
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function initCharts() {
+    var urlState = parseUrl();
+    var cards = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]");
+    if (!cards.length) return;
+
+    if (typeof IntersectionObserver === "undefined") {
+      cards.forEach(function (card) { constructChart(card, urlState); });
+    } else {
+      var io = new IntersectionObserver(function (entries) {
+        entries.forEach(function (entry) {
+          if (entry.isIntersecting) {
+            constructChart(entry.target, urlState);
+            io.unobserve(entry.target);
+          }
+        });
+      }, { rootMargin: "150px 0px" });
+      cards.forEach(function (card) { io.observe(card); });
+    }
+
+    // Tap-elsewhere closes any open external tooltip.
+    document.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      var hosts = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-tooltip-host");
+      hosts.forEach(function (host) {
+        if (!host.contains(e.target)) {
+          host.style.opacity = "0";
+          host.style.pointerEvents = "none";
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    initSlider();
+  }
+
+  function initSlider() {
+    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
+    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
+    if (!slider) return;
+    slider.addEventListener("input", function () {
+      if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
+    });
+    slider.addEventListener("change", function () {
+      var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+      p.set("n", slider.value);
+      window.location.search = p.toString();
+    });
+  }
+
+  function initLandingFilter() {
+    var input = document.getElementById("group-search");
+    if (!input) return;
+    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("section.group[data-group-name]");
+    input.addEventListener("input", function () {
+      var q = input.value.toLowerCase();
+      groups.forEach(function (g) {
+        var name = (g.getAttribute("data-group-name") || "").toLowerCase();
+        g.style.display = !q || name.indexOf(q) !== -1 ? "" : "none";
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  function init() {
+    initLandingFilter();
+    initCharts();
   }
 
   if (document.readyState === "loading") {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index 0c13f8788b4..bac0c505ab8 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -6,9 +6,14 @@
   --fg: #1a1a1a;
   --muted: #6b6b6b;
   --accent: #2563eb;
+  --accent-fg: #ffffff;
   --border: #e4e4e7;
   --card-bg: #fafafa;
   --code-bg: #f3f4f6;
+  --tooltip-bg: #1a1a1a;
+  --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
+  --good: #16a34a;
+  --bad: #dc2626;
 }
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
@@ -17,15 +22,18 @@
     --fg: #e6e6e6;
     --muted: #a1a1aa;
     --accent: #60a5fa;
+    --accent-fg: #0f1115;
     --border: #27272a;
     --card-bg: #16181d;
     --code-bg: #1f2229;
+    --tooltip-bg: #1a1c22;
+    --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
+    --good: #4ade80;
+    --bad: #f87171;
   }
 }
 
-* {
-  box-sizing: border-box;
-}
+* { box-sizing: border-box; }
 
 html, body {
   margin: 0;
@@ -38,30 +46,15 @@ html, body {
   line-height: 1.5;
 }
 
-a {
-  color: var(--accent);
-  text-decoration: none;
-}
-
-a:hover {
-  text-decoration: underline;
-}
+a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
+a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
 
 .page-header {
   border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
   padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
 }
-
-.page-header h1 {
-  margin: 0;
-  font-size: 1.25rem;
-  font-weight: 600;
-}
-
-.page-header h1 a {
-  color: var(--fg);
-}
-
+.page-header h1 { margin: 0; font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; }
+.page-header h1 a { color: var(--fg); }
 .page-header .subtitle {
   margin: 0.25rem 0 0;
   color: var(--muted);
@@ -69,7 +62,7 @@ a:hover {
 }
 
 main {
-  max-width: 1100px;
+  max-width: 1200px;
   margin: 0 auto;
   padding: 1.5rem;
 }
@@ -79,20 +72,42 @@ main {
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Landing page
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+.landing-search {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+.landing-search input {
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: 32rem;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font: inherit;
+}
+
 .group {
-  margin-bottom: 2rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: 6px;
   background: var(--card-bg);
   padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
 }
-
 .group h2 {
   margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
   font-size: 1rem;
   font-weight: 600;
   color: var(--fg);
 }
+.group .group-link {
+  color: var(--fg);
+}
+.group .group-link:hover {
+  color: var(--accent);
+}
 
 .charts {
   list-style: none;
@@ -100,13 +115,9 @@ main {
   padding: 0;
   display: flex;
   flex-wrap: wrap;
-  gap: 0.5rem;
-}
-
-.charts li {
-  margin: 0;
+  gap: 0.4rem;
 }
-
+.charts li { margin: 0; }
 .charts a {
   display: inline-block;
   padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
@@ -116,12 +127,77 @@ main {
   font-size: 0.875rem;
 }
 
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Toolbar
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+.toolbar {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--card-bg);
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  z-index: 10;
+  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(140%) blur(6px);
+  backdrop-filter: saturate(140%) blur(6px);
+}
+.toolbar-group {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.35rem;
+}
+.toolbar-label {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+  margin-right: 0.25rem;
+}
+.toolbar-btn {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  min-height: 32px;
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+.toolbar-btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
+.toolbar-btn--active {
+  background: var(--accent);
+  border-color: var(--accent);
+  color: var(--accent-fg);
+}
+.toolbar-btn--active:hover { color: var(--accent-fg); }
+.toolbar-slider-label {
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  min-width: 2.5rem;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+#scope-slider {
+  width: 9rem;
+}
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Single-chart + group-page chart card
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 .chart-meta {
   color: var(--muted);
   font-size: 0.875rem;
-  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
 }
-
 .chart-meta code {
   background: var(--code-bg);
   padding: 0.1rem 0.35rem;
@@ -129,20 +205,43 @@ main {
   font-size: 0.85em;
 }
 
-.chart-wrap {
+.chart-card {
   position: relative;
-  height: 480px;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: 6px;
   background: var(--card-bg);
-  padding: 1rem;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
+}
+.chart-card-title {
+  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 0.95rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
 }
+.chart-card-title a { color: var(--fg); }
+.chart-card-title a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
 
+.chart-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(420px, 1fr));
+  gap: 1rem;
+}
+
+.chart-wrap {
+  position: relative;
+  height: 320px;
+}
+.chart-card .chart-wrap canvas,
 .chart-wrap canvas {
   width: 100% !important;
   height: 100% !important;
 }
 
+/* Single-chart pages get a taller area; group cards keep the compact 320px. */
+main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
+  height: 480px;
+}
+
 .no-script {
   margin-top: 1rem;
   padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
@@ -152,3 +251,104 @@ main {
   color: var(--muted);
   font-size: 0.875rem;
 }
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Custom external tooltip
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+.chart-tooltip-host {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  opacity: 0;
+  z-index: 20;
+  background: var(--tooltip-bg);
+  color: var(--tooltip-fg);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  line-height: 1.35;
+  max-width: 22rem;
+  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
+  transform: translate(-50%, calc(-100% - 12px));
+  transition: opacity 100ms;
+}
+.tt-title {
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+.tt-rows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0.15rem; }
+.tt-row {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.35rem;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+.tt-swatch {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0.6rem;
+  height: 0.6rem;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+}
+.tt-label {
+  flex: 1 1 auto;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  max-width: 11rem;
+}
+.tt-value {
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  font-weight: 500;
+}
+.tt-delta {
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  opacity: 0.85;
+}
+.tt-delta--better { color: var(--good); }
+.tt-delta--worse { color: var(--bad); }
+.tt-footer {
+  margin-top: 0.4rem;
+  padding-top: 0.4rem;
+  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 0.2rem;
+}
+.tt-msg {
+  color: var(--tooltip-fg);
+  opacity: 0.85;
+  white-space: normal;
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+.tt-link {
+  color: #93c5fd;
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
+}
+.tt-link:hover { color: #c7e0ff; }
+
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Mobile
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  main { padding: 1rem; }
+  .toolbar {
+    padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
+    gap: 0.5rem 0.85rem;
+  }
+  .toolbar-btn {
+    min-height: 40px;
+    padding: 0.4rem 0.85rem;
+    font-size: 0.95rem;
+  }
+  #scope-slider { width: 100%; flex: 1 1 auto; }
+  .chart-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; }
+  .chart-wrap { height: 260px; }
+  main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap { height: 360px; }
+  .group {
+    padding: 0.75rem 0.85rem;
+  }
+  .charts a { padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem; min-height: 32px; }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index f7244f57f82..579d7067bef 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 ---
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
-assertion_line: 267
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas id="chart"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><div class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0"><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..045ceb8bc34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+expression: body
+---
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9?n=100">Q1</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 34873e5eb89..607d01be36d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><section class="group"><h2>tpch sf=1 [nvme]</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Compression</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Compression Size</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>Random Access</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></li></ul></section><section class="group"><h2>cohere-large-10m / partitioned</h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></li></ul></section></main></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><div class="landing-search"><input id="group-search" type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div><section class="group" data-group-name="tpch sf=1 [nvme]"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/qmg.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlHcm91cCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUifQ">tpch sf=1 [nvme]</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Compression"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/ctg.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lR3JvdXAifQ">Compression</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Compression Size"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/csg.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplR3JvdXAifQ">Compression Size</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Random Access"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/rag.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzR3JvdXAifQ">Random Access</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/vsg.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoR3JvdXAiLCJkYXRhc2V0IjoiY29oZXJlLWxhcmdlLTEwbSIsImxheW91dCI6InBhcnRpdGlvbmVkIn0">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></li></ul></section></main><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 4bed7a35271..201ef2f9008 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -249,19 +249,23 @@ async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         .to_string();
 
     let resp = client
-        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}")))
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}?n=100")))
         .send()
         .await?;
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
     let body = resp.text().await?;
     assert!(
-        body.contains(r#"<script id="chart-data" type="application/json">"#),
+        body.contains(r#"<script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">"#),
         "chart payload must be embedded inline"
     );
     assert!(
         body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chart.umd.js""#),
         "Chart.js must be referenced from the static asset route"
     );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains("class=\"toolbar\""),
+        "toolbar must be rendered on chart page"
+    );
 
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
         insta::assert_snapshot!("chart_page_query", body);
@@ -269,6 +273,168 @@ async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn group_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slug = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| {
+            g["name"]
+                .as_str()
+                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+        .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
+        .context("tpch group slug")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    // Pin ?n=100 so snapshot output is stable as the default changes.
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{slug}?n=100")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"id="chart-data-0""#),
+        "group page must embed at least one chart payload inline"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains("class=\"toolbar\""),
+        "toolbar must be rendered on group page"
+    );
+    insta_settings().bind(|| {
+        insta::assert_snapshot!("group_page_query", body);
+    });
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn group_api_returns_charts() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slug = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| {
+            g["name"]
+                .as_str()
+                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+        .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
+        .context("tpch group slug")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/group/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    let charts = body["charts"].as_array().context("charts is array")?;
+    assert!(!charts.is_empty(), "group must have at least one chart");
+    let first = &charts[0];
+    assert!(first["slug"].as_str().is_some(), "chart slug present");
+    assert!(first["name"].as_str().is_some(), "chart name present");
+    assert!(
+        first["commits"].as_array().is_some(),
+        "embedded chart commits"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        first["series"].as_object().is_some(),
+        "embedded chart series"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slug = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| {
+            g["name"]
+                .as_str()
+                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
+        .and_then(|c| c.first())
+        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
+        .context("tpch chart slug")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    // Without ?n, default window is 100 — fixture has 3 commits, so all show.
+    let full: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let full_count = full["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+    assert!(full_count >= 3, "expected ≥ 3 commits, got {full_count}");
+
+    // ?n=1 should cap to one commit.
+    let one: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=1")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let one_count = one["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+    assert_eq!(one_count, 1, "?n=1 should keep exactly one commit");
+
+    // ?n=all bypasses the cap.
+    let all: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=all")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let all_count = all["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+    assert_eq!(all_count, full_count, "?n=all should match unbounded view");
+
+    // Malformed ?n gracefully falls back to default.
+    let bad = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=banana")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(bad.status(), 200);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_page_round_trips_every_slug() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
@@ -302,7 +468,7 @@ async fn chart_page_round_trips_every_slug() -> Result<()> {
         );
         let body = resp.text().await?;
         assert!(
-            body.contains(r#"id="chart-data""#),
+            body.contains(r#"id="chart-data-0""#),
             "missing inline chart data for slug {slug}"
         );
     }

From f05a9c0ffe07578ccaf7133e3c38f5c5571bc2da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2026 22:09:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/26] feat(benchmarks-website): inline-charts landing +
 dynamic toolbar
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Removes the click-through landing page and the full-page reload that
gated every toolbar interaction in the v3 site.

Landing page (`/`) now renders every chart inline using the same
`chart-card` markup as `/group/{slug}`, with a smaller default commit
window (50, vs 100 on the per-chart routes) so the cold payload stays
cheap. The existing `IntersectionObserver` lazy-construct path means
offscreen charts don't pay the Chart.js cost up front.

Toolbar (Scope / Y / Mode) now updates in place:
- Scope: `fetch('/api/chart/{slug}?n=...)` per card, swap `chart.data`,
  `chart.update("none")`. Per-card "loading…" + error overlays.
- Y axis: client-side `chart.options.scales.y.type` swap, no fetch.
- Mode (abs/rel): client-side `buildDatasets` recompute, no fetch
  (server already returns absolute values; the rel transform was
  already client-side).

URL stays in sync via `history.replaceState` so deep links keep
working, and the existing permalinks (`/chart/{slug}`,
`/group/{slug}`) are untouched for SEO and sharing.

`api::collect_chart` is preserved as a thin wrapper around the new
`api::chart_payload` helper; chart-card markup grows
`data-chart-slug` + `data-permalink` attributes that the toolbar
reads when refetching.

Tests: snapshots refreshed where markup intentionally changed; new
tests cover `GET /api/chart/{slug}` JSON shape + `?n=` narrowing,
plus the landing-page n=50 default.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

https://claude.ai/code/session_01NhtGnaLstPEAh7cRJ4qDFt
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |  38 ++-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 235 +++++++++++---
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 301 +++++++++++++++---
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    |  25 ++
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 143 ++++++++-
 8 files changed, 642 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index 12ec70a6719..dc079ee6efc 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -107,10 +107,19 @@ impl CommitWindow {
 }
 
 /// Query string for `/api/chart/{slug}` and `/chart/{slug}`.
+///
+/// `y` (linear|log) and `mode` (abs|rel) are accepted but ignored by the SQL —
+/// the JSON response is identical regardless. They exist on the API surface so
+/// the client can drive deep links and refetches with a single URL shape; the
+/// rendering hints are applied client-side in `chart-init.js`.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ChartQuery {
     /// Commit window: `25`, `50`, `100`, `250`, `all`, etc.
     pub n: Option<String>,
+    /// Y-axis hint (linear|log). Echoed for client-side rendering only.
+    pub y: Option<String>,
+    /// Display mode hint (abs|rel). Echoed for client-side rendering only.
+    pub mode: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl ChartQuery {
@@ -208,7 +217,7 @@ pub async fn chart(
         .map_err(|e| ApiError::BadRequest(format!("invalid slug: {e}")))?;
     let window = q.window();
     let response =
-        db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| collect_chart(conn, &key, &window)).await?;
+        db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| chart_payload(conn, &key, &window)).await?;
     let response =
         response.ok_or_else(|| ApiError::NotFound(format!("no data for slug {slug:?}")))?;
     Ok(Json(response))
@@ -548,9 +557,14 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     Ok(groups)
 }
 
-/// Collect the data for one chart by key. Used by both `GET /api/chart/:slug`
-/// and the HTML chart page. `window` caps the number of recent commits.
-pub(crate) fn collect_chart(
+/// Build the JSON payload for one chart by key. This is the shared
+/// implementation behind `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON
+/// rendered into the HTML pages, and `collect_group_charts`.
+///
+/// `window` caps the number of recent commits returned. `y` / `mode` are not
+/// inputs here — they're rendering hints applied client-side, so the SQL is
+/// unaffected and the cached payload is identical across hint values.
+pub(crate) fn chart_payload(
     conn: &Connection,
     key: &ChartKey,
     window: &CommitWindow,
@@ -588,8 +602,22 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_chart(
     }
 }
 
+/// Thin wrapper around [`chart_payload`] kept for callers that prefer the old
+/// name. New code should prefer [`chart_payload`].
+pub(crate) fn collect_chart(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    key: &ChartKey,
+    window: &CommitWindow,
+) -> Result<Option<ChartResponse>> {
+    chart_payload(conn, key, window)
+}
+
 /// Collect every chart inside one group. Returns `None` if the group has no
 /// data at all (callers should render a 404).
+// TODO: this currently re-runs the entire `collect_groups` discovery pass
+// (api.rs) per call before fetching each chart, which makes the landing page
+// O(groups * charts_per_group) DB queries plus the discovery scan. Fine for
+// the current dataset; revisit when chart counts grow.
 pub(crate) fn collect_group_charts(
     conn: &Connection,
     key: &GroupKey,
@@ -604,7 +632,7 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_group_charts(
     for link in group.charts {
         let chart_key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)
             .with_context(|| format!("invalid chart slug in group: {}", link.slug))?;
-        let Some(chart) = collect_chart(conn, &chart_key, window)? else {
+        let Some(chart) = chart_payload(conn, &chart_key, window)? else {
             continue;
         };
         charts.push(NamedChartResponse {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index e32f8c8dfd8..6b8e8c1198c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@
 //! from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the binary is fully
 //! self-contained.
 
+use std::num::NonZeroU32;
+
+use anyhow::Result;
 use axum::Router;
 use axum::extract::Path;
 use axum::extract::Query;
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@ use axum::http::header;
 use axum::response::IntoResponse;
 use axum::response::Response;
 use axum::routing::get;
+use duckdb::Connection;
 use maud::DOCTYPE;
 use maud::Markup;
 use maud::PreEscaped;
@@ -47,13 +51,19 @@ use serde::Deserialize;
 use crate::api;
 use crate::api::ChartResponse;
 use crate::api::CommitWindow;
-use crate::api::Group;
 use crate::api::GroupChartsResponse;
+use crate::api::NamedChartResponse;
 use crate::app::AppState;
 use crate::db;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
+/// Default commit window for the landing page. Smaller than the default for
+/// `/chart/{slug}` and `/group/{slug}` (100) because the landing page renders
+/// every chart inline — a smaller default keeps the cold payload cheap, and
+/// users can ask for more data via the `?n=` toolbar.
+const LANDING_DEFAULT_N: u32 = 50;
+
 const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
 const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
@@ -87,6 +97,16 @@ impl UiQuery {
         CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref())
     }
 
+    /// Like [`Self::window`] but falls back to `default_n` when `?n=` is
+    /// unset rather than to [`CommitWindow::default`]. Used by the landing
+    /// page which has a different default (50) from the per-chart routes.
+    fn window_or_default(&self, default_n: u32) -> CommitWindow {
+        match self.n.as_deref() {
+            Some(_) => self.window(),
+            None => CommitWindow::Last(NonZeroU32::new(default_n).expect("non-zero default")),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// `?y=linear|log`, default `linear`.
     fn y_axis(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self.y.as_deref() {
@@ -169,23 +189,86 @@ fn urlencode(s: &str) -> String {
     out
 }
 
-async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
-    let groups = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| api::collect_groups(conn)).await {
+async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Response {
+    // Landing-only default: 50 commits. Cheap by default; users opt into
+    // bigger windows via the toolbar.
+    let window = ui.window_or_default(LANDING_DEFAULT_N);
+    // NOTE: payload size on the landing page is the next thing to watch if
+    // chart counts grow — every chart's series is inlined as a JSON
+    // `<script>` block, so the cold HTML grows linearly in (groups × charts ×
+    // series × commits). If this gets fat, switch to lazy-fetch on
+    // intersection (the `data-chart-slug` plumbing is already in place).
+    let groups_with_charts = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+        collect_landing_groups(conn, &window)
+    })
+    .await
+    {
         Ok(g) => g,
         Err(err) => {
-            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "landing: collect_groups failed");
+            tracing::error!(error = ?err, "landing: collect_landing_groups failed");
             return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
         }
     };
+    let subtitle = format!(
+        "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha) · {}",
+        toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(&ui, LANDING_DEFAULT_N),
+    );
+    let scripts = if groups_with_charts.is_empty() {
+        PageScripts::LandingEmpty
+    } else {
+        PageScripts::Chart
+    };
     render_page(
         "bench.vortex.dev",
-        "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)",
-        landing_body(&groups),
-        PageScripts::Landing,
+        &subtitle,
+        landing_body(&groups_with_charts, &ui, LANDING_DEFAULT_N),
+        scripts,
+        LANDING_DEFAULT_N,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
 
+/// Group + every chart inside it, used by the landing-page render.
+struct LandingGroup {
+    name: String,
+    /// Slug for the `/group/{slug}` permalink.
+    slug: String,
+    charts: Vec<NamedChartResponse>,
+}
+
+/// Collect all groups + every chart inside each group for the landing page.
+///
+/// Returns groups in the same order as [`api::collect_groups`]; groups whose
+/// charts all return empty for the current `window` are dropped so the page
+/// doesn't render visually-empty sections.
+fn collect_landing_groups(conn: &Connection, window: &CommitWindow) -> Result<Vec<LandingGroup>> {
+    let groups = api::collect_groups(conn)?;
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(groups.len());
+    for group in groups {
+        let mut charts = Vec::with_capacity(group.charts.len());
+        for link in group.charts {
+            let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)?;
+            let Some(chart) = api::chart_payload(conn, &key, window)? else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            charts.push(NamedChartResponse {
+                name: link.name,
+                slug: link.slug,
+                chart,
+            });
+        }
+        if charts.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        out.push(LandingGroup {
+            name: group.name,
+            slug: group.slug,
+            charts,
+        });
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
 async fn chart_page(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     Path(slug): Path<String>,
@@ -226,8 +309,9 @@ async fn chart_page(
     render_page(
         &title,
         &subtitle,
-        chart_body(&chart, &payload_json, &ui),
+        chart_body(&chart, &slug, &payload_json, &ui),
         PageScripts::Chart,
+        api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
@@ -264,17 +348,25 @@ async fn group_page(
         &subtitle,
         group_body(&group, &ui),
         PageScripts::Chart,
+        api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
 
 /// Which scripts the page wants pulled in.
 enum PageScripts {
-    Landing,
+    /// Landing pages without any charts (empty database). Skips Chart.js.
+    LandingEmpty,
     Chart,
 }
 
-fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
+fn render_page(
+    title: &str,
+    header_subtitle: &str,
+    body: Markup,
+    scripts: PageScripts,
+    default_n: u32,
+) -> Markup {
     html! {
         (DOCTYPE)
         html lang="en" {
@@ -289,9 +381,9 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
                     h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
                     p.subtitle { (header_subtitle) }
                 }
-                main { (body) }
+                main data-default-n=(default_n) { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
-                    PageScripts::Landing => {
+                    PageScripts::LandingEmpty => {
                         script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
                     },
                     PageScripts::Chart => {
@@ -304,53 +396,82 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
     }
 }
 
-fn landing_body(groups: &[Group]) -> Markup {
-    html! {
-        @if groups.is_empty() {
+fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup], ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> Markup {
+    if groups.is_empty() {
+        return html! {
             p.empty { "No data ingested yet." }
-        } @else {
-            div.landing-search {
-                input #group-search type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…"
-                    autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false";
-            }
-            @for group in groups {
-                section.group data-group-name=(group.name) {
-                    h2 {
-                        a.group-link href={ "/group/" (group.slug) } { (group.name) }
-                    }
-                    ul.charts {
-                        @for chart in &group.charts {
-                            li {
-                                a href={ "/chart/" (chart.slug) } { (chart.name) }
-                            }
-                        }
+        };
+    }
+    let total_charts: usize = groups.iter().map(|g| g.charts.len()).sum();
+    // Index every chart globally so `<canvas data-chart-index="N">` and
+    // `<script id="chart-data-N">` agree across groups.
+    let mut idx_iter = 0usize..total_charts;
+    html! {
+        (toolbar(ui, default_n))
+        div.landing-search {
+            input #group-search type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…"
+                autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false";
+        }
+        @for group in groups {
+            section.group data-group-name=(group.name) {
+                h2 {
+                    a.group-link
+                        href={ "/group/" (group.slug) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
+                        { (group.name) }
+                }
+                div.chart-grid {
+                    @for item in &group.charts {
+                        (inline_chart_card(item, idx_iter.next().expect("indices match charts"), ui))
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
+        noscript {
+            p.no-script { "JavaScript is required to render the charts." }
+        }
     }
 }
 
-fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+fn inline_chart_card(item: &NamedChartResponse, idx: usize, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+    let payload_json = serde_json::to_string(&item.chart).expect("ChartResponse serialises");
+    let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", item.slug);
+    html! {
+        section.chart-card data-chart-index=(idx) data-chart-slug=(item.slug) {
+            h3.chart-card-title {
+                a href={ (permalink) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
+                    data-permalink=(permalink) { (item.name) }
+            }
+            div.chart-tooltip-host {}
+            div.chart-wrap {
+                canvas data-chart-index=(idx) {}
+            }
+            script id={ "chart-data-" (idx) } type="application/json" {
+                (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(&payload_json)))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
     let series_count = chart.series.len();
     let commit_count = chart.commits.len();
     html! {
-        (toolbar(ui))
+        (toolbar(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW))
         p.chart-meta {
             "unit: " code { (chart.unit) }
             " · "
             (series_count) " series · "
             (commit_count) " commit" @if commit_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
-        div.chart-card data-chart-index="0" {
+        section.chart-card data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug=(slug) {
             div.chart-tooltip-host {}
             div.chart-wrap {
                 canvas data-chart-index="0" {}
             }
-        }
-        // Embedded JSON; rendered as text content so JSON `<` / `>` are HTML-escaped.
-        script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json" {
-            (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json)))
+            // Embedded JSON; rendered as text content so JSON `<` / `>` are HTML-escaped.
+            script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json" {
+                (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json)))
+            }
         }
         noscript {
             p.no-script { "JavaScript is required to render the chart." }
@@ -361,15 +482,17 @@ fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup
 fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
     let chart_count = group.charts.len();
     html! {
-        (toolbar(ui))
+        (toolbar(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW))
         p.chart-meta {
             (chart_count) " chart" @if chart_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
         div.chart-grid {
             @for (i, item) in group.charts.iter().enumerate() {
-                section.chart-card data-chart-index=(i) {
+                @let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", item.slug);
+                section.chart-card data-chart-index=(i) data-chart-slug=(item.slug) {
                     h3.chart-card-title {
-                        a href={ "/chart/" (item.slug) (ui_query_string(ui)) } { (item.name) }
+                        a href={ (permalink) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
+                            data-permalink=(permalink) { (item.name) }
                     }
                     div.chart-tooltip-host {}
                     div.chart-wrap {
@@ -396,8 +519,13 @@ fn ui_query_string(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
     ui.with_override("__noop", "")
 }
 
-fn toolbar(ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
-    let active_scope = ui.window().url_value();
+/// Render the chart-page toolbar.
+///
+/// `default_n` is the route's commit-window default: 100 for `/chart` and
+/// `/group`, 50 for `/`. When the URL has no `?n=` it determines which
+/// `Scope` button is highlighted as active.
+fn toolbar(ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> Markup {
+    let active_scope = ui.window_or_default(default_n).url_value();
     let active_y = ui.y_axis();
     let active_mode = ui.mode();
     html! {
@@ -417,16 +545,20 @@ fn toolbar(ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Y" }
                 a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "linear"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "linear")) { "linear" }
+                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "linear"))
+                    data-y="linear" { "linear" }
                 a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "log"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "log")) { "log" }
+                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "log"))
+                    data-y="log" { "log" }
             }
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Display mode" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Mode" }
                 a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "abs"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "abs")) { "absolute" }
+                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "abs"))
+                    data-mode="abs" { "absolute" }
                 a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "rel"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "rel")) { "% of baseline" }
+                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "rel"))
+                    data-mode="rel" { "% of baseline" }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -444,7 +576,14 @@ fn slider_value(scope: &str) -> String {
 /// Subtitle suffix that mirrors active toolbar state, e.g.
 /// `last 100 commits · log · rel`.
 fn toolbar_subtitle_suffix(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
-    let scope = match ui.window() {
+    toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW)
+}
+
+/// Like [`toolbar_subtitle_suffix`] but uses `default_n` when the URL has no
+/// `?n=`. The landing page passes its smaller default (50) here so the
+/// subtitle reads "last 50 commits" rather than the global default of 100.
+fn toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> String {
+    let scope = match ui.window_or_default(default_n) {
         CommitWindow::All => "all commits".to_string(),
         CommitWindow::Last(n) => format!("last {} commits", n.get()),
     };
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index 862463d11c6..f685a996f48 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
-// Hydrate Chart.js charts on /chart/:slug and /group/:slug, plus the
+// Hydrate Chart.js charts on /, /chart/:slug, and /group/:slug, plus the
 // landing-page client-side filter.
 //
-// Each chart's payload is embedded inline as
+// Each chart's initial payload is embedded inline as
 //   <script id="chart-data-N" type="application/json">{ChartResponse}</script>
-// paired with a <canvas data-chart-index="N"> via the index attribute.
-// Construction is deferred until the canvas crosses an IntersectionObserver
-// threshold so a 22-chart group doesn't pay for offscreen charts up front.
+// paired with a <canvas data-chart-index="N"> via the index attribute. The
+// chart-card carries `data-chart-slug` so the toolbar can refetch a single
+// card from `/api/chart/{slug}?n=...` without a page reload.
 //
-// URL state (n, y, mode, hidden) is the source of truth. Server emits
-// scope/Y/mode toolbar links that navigate via plain <a>; client-side
-// legend toggles rewrite ?hidden=... via history.replaceState so a
-// permalink reproduces the view.
+// URL state (n, y, mode, hidden) is the source of truth and the URL stays in
+// sync via `history.replaceState`. Toolbar clicks are handled in JS:
+//   - `n` → refetch every chart on the page, swap data, chart.update("none").
+//   - `y` → swap `chart.options.scales.y` in place; no fetch.
+//   - `mode` → recompute datasets client-side; no fetch.
+//   - legend toggle → mirror into `?hidden=...` like before.
 (function () {
   "use strict";
 
@@ -106,24 +108,38 @@
     return keys.join(HIDDEN_DELIM);
   }
 
-  function rewriteHiddenInUrl(set) {
+  // Default value the server treats as "use the route's default scope". When
+  // the URL has no `n` we want to leave the param off so the server can
+  // re-pick its own default (50 on `/`, 100 on `/chart` and `/group`).
+  function applyUrlState(state) {
     var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-    var v = serializeHidden(set);
-    if (v) {
-      p.set("hidden", v);
-    } else {
-      p.delete("hidden");
-    }
+    if (state.n) p.set("n", state.n); else p.delete("n");
+    if (state.y && state.y !== "linear") p.set("y", state.y); else p.delete("y");
+    if (state.mode && state.mode !== "abs") p.set("mode", state.mode); else p.delete("mode");
+    var h = serializeHidden(state.hidden || {});
+    if (h) p.set("hidden", h); else p.delete("hidden");
     var qs = p.toString();
     var url = window.location.pathname + (qs ? "?" + qs : "") + window.location.hash;
     window.history.replaceState(null, "", url);
   }
 
+  function rewriteHiddenInUrl(set) {
+    var state = parseUrl();
+    state.hidden = set;
+    applyUrlState(state);
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Payload + dataset construction
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function readPayload(scriptNode) {
-    return JSON.parse(scriptNode.textContent);
+  function readInlinePayload(idx) {
+    var script = document.getElementById("chart-data-" + idx);
+    if (!script) return null;
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(script.textContent);
+    } catch (e) {
+      return null;
+    }
   }
 
   function buildDatasets(payload, urlState) {
@@ -166,10 +182,14 @@
     });
   }
 
+  function yAxisTitle(payload, urlState) {
+    return urlState.mode === "rel" ? "% of baseline" : (payload.unit || "");
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Tooltip
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function externalTooltipHandler(payload, host) {
+  function externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host) {
     return function (context) {
       var tooltipModel = context.tooltip;
       if (!host) return;
@@ -179,6 +199,10 @@
         return;
       }
 
+      // Always read the current payload from the canvas: a refetch may have
+      // replaced it under us since this handler was installed.
+      var payload = canvas.__bench_payload || { commits: [], unit: "" };
+
       var idx = tooltipModel.dataPoints && tooltipModel.dataPoints[0]
         ? tooltipModel.dataPoints[0].dataIndex
         : -1;
@@ -242,34 +266,30 @@
   }
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Single-chart construction
+  // Single-chart construction + in-place rebuild
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   function constructChart(card, urlState) {
     var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
-    var script = document.getElementById("chart-data-" + idx);
     var canvas = card.querySelector('canvas[data-chart-index="' + idx + '"]');
-    if (!script || !canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") return null;
+    if (!canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") return null;
     if (canvas.__bench_chart) return canvas.__bench_chart;
 
-    var payload;
-    try {
-      payload = readPayload(script);
-    } catch (e) {
-      return null;
-    }
+    // Prefer a payload that arrived via fetch (refetch landed before the
+    // canvas scrolled into view); else fall back to the inline JSON.
+    var payload = canvas.__bench_payload || readInlinePayload(idx);
+    if (!payload) return null;
+    canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
 
     var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
     var datasets = buildDatasets(payload, urlState);
-    var unit = payload.unit || "";
     var host = card.querySelector(".chart-tooltip-host");
 
-    var yTitle = unit;
-    if (urlState.mode === "rel") yTitle = "% of baseline";
     // Mobile gets the legend above the chart so the chart doesn't get pushed
     // off-screen by a tall legend on narrow viewports.
     var legendPosition = (window.matchMedia
       && window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches) ? "top" : "bottom";
 
+    var yTitle = yAxisTitle(payload, urlState);
     var chart = new Chart(canvas, {
       type: "line",
       data: { labels: labels, datasets: datasets },
@@ -303,7 +323,7 @@
           },
           tooltip: {
             enabled: false,
-            external: externalTooltipHandler(payload, host),
+            external: externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host),
           },
         },
       },
@@ -312,6 +332,202 @@
     return chart;
   }
 
+  // Re-skin a chart from its current payload + url state. No fetch.
+  function rebuildChart(card, urlState) {
+    var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
+    var canvas = card.querySelector('canvas[data-chart-index="' + idx + '"]');
+    if (!canvas) return;
+    var chart = canvas.__bench_chart;
+    var payload = canvas.__bench_payload;
+    if (!chart || !payload) return;
+
+    chart.data.labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
+    chart.data.datasets = buildDatasets(payload, urlState);
+    chart.options.scales.y.type = urlState.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear";
+    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = urlState.y !== "log" && urlState.mode !== "rel";
+    var t = yAxisTitle(payload, urlState);
+    chart.options.scales.y.title.display = !!t;
+    chart.options.scales.y.title.text = t;
+    chart.update("none");
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Loading + error overlays per card
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function setCardLoading(card, on) {
+    var existing = card.querySelector(".chart-loading");
+    if (on) {
+      if (existing) return;
+      var el = document.createElement("div");
+      el.className = "chart-loading";
+      el.textContent = "loading…";
+      card.appendChild(el);
+    } else if (existing) {
+      existing.remove();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function showCardError(card, msg) {
+    var existing = card.querySelector(".chart-error");
+    if (existing) existing.remove();
+    var el = document.createElement("div");
+    el.className = "chart-error";
+    el.textContent = msg;
+    card.appendChild(el);
+    setTimeout(function () { if (el.parentNode) el.remove(); }, 4000);
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Refetching when the commit window changes
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function refetchAll(urlState) {
+    var cards = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]");
+    if (!cards.length) return Promise.resolve();
+    var n = urlState.n || "";
+    var qs = n ? "?n=" + encodeURIComponent(n) : "";
+
+    var jobs = [];
+    cards.forEach(function (card) {
+      var slug = card.getAttribute("data-chart-slug");
+      var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+      if (!slug || !canvas) return;
+      var prevPayload = canvas.__bench_payload;
+      setCardLoading(card, true);
+      var p = fetch("/api/chart/" + encodeURIComponent(slug) + qs, {
+        headers: { "accept": "application/json" },
+      })
+        .then(function (r) {
+          if (!r.ok) throw new Error("HTTP " + r.status);
+          return r.json();
+        })
+        .then(function (payload) {
+          canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
+          if (canvas.__bench_chart) {
+            rebuildChart(card, urlState);
+          }
+          // Else: chart not constructed yet; the IntersectionObserver path
+          // will read the new payload when the canvas eventually scrolls in.
+        })
+        .catch(function (err) {
+          if (prevPayload) canvas.__bench_payload = prevPayload;
+          showCardError(card, "failed to load: " + (err && err.message ? err.message : err));
+        })
+        .then(function () { setCardLoading(card, false); });
+      jobs.push(p);
+    });
+    return Promise.all(jobs);
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Toolbar wiring
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function updateToolbarActive(group, value) {
+    var attr = "data-" + group;
+    var btns = document.querySelectorAll(".toolbar-btn[" + attr + "]");
+    btns.forEach(function (b) {
+      var match = b.getAttribute(attr) === value;
+      b.classList.toggle("toolbar-btn--active", match);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function updateSubtitle(urlState, defaultN) {
+    var sub = document.querySelector(".page-header .subtitle");
+    if (!sub) return;
+    var base = sub.getAttribute("data-base") || sub.textContent.split(" · ")[0];
+    sub.setAttribute("data-base", base);
+    var bits = [base];
+    var n = urlState.n || String(defaultN || "");
+    if (n === "all") bits.push("all commits");
+    else if (n) bits.push("last " + n + " commits");
+    if (urlState.y === "log") bits.push("log");
+    if (urlState.mode === "rel") bits.push("rel");
+    sub.textContent = bits.join(" · ");
+  }
+
+  function updateSliderUi(value) {
+    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
+    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
+    if (slider && /^\d+$/.test(value)) slider.value = value;
+    if (label) label.textContent = value;
+  }
+
+  function applyScope(value, defaultN) {
+    var state = parseUrl();
+    state.n = value;
+    applyUrlState(state);
+    updateToolbarActive("scope", value);
+    updateSliderUi(value);
+    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
+    rewriteCardLinks();
+    refetchAll(state);
+  }
+
+  function applyY(value, defaultN) {
+    var state = parseUrl();
+    state.y = value;
+    applyUrlState(state);
+    updateToolbarActive("y", value);
+    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
+    rewriteCardLinks();
+    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]").forEach(function (card) {
+      rebuildChart(card, state);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function applyMode(value, defaultN) {
+    var state = parseUrl();
+    state.mode = value;
+    applyUrlState(state);
+    updateToolbarActive("mode", value);
+    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
+    rewriteCardLinks();
+    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]").forEach(function (card) {
+      rebuildChart(card, state);
+    });
+  }
+
+  // The chart-card title links carry the toolbar state in their query string
+  // so a click out to a permalink preserves the current view. After every
+  // toolbar change we rewrite them.
+  function rewriteCardLinks() {
+    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+    var qs = p.toString();
+    var suffix = qs ? "?" + qs : "";
+    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card-title a[data-permalink]").forEach(function (a) {
+      a.setAttribute("href", a.getAttribute("data-permalink") + suffix);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function initToolbar(defaultN) {
+    var toolbar = document.querySelector(".toolbar");
+    if (!toolbar) return;
+
+    toolbar.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      var btn = e.target.closest(".toolbar-btn");
+      if (!btn || !toolbar.contains(btn)) return;
+      // Hijack the link; we update state in place.
+      e.preventDefault();
+      if (btn.hasAttribute("data-scope")) {
+        applyScope(btn.getAttribute("data-scope"), defaultN);
+      } else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-y")) {
+        applyY(btn.getAttribute("data-y"), defaultN);
+      } else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-mode")) {
+        applyMode(btn.getAttribute("data-mode"), defaultN);
+      }
+    });
+
+    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
+    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
+    if (slider) {
+      slider.addEventListener("input", function () {
+        if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
+      });
+      slider.addEventListener("change", function () {
+        applyScope(slider.value, defaultN);
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Page wiring
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -326,7 +542,7 @@
       var io = new IntersectionObserver(function (entries) {
         entries.forEach(function (entry) {
           if (entry.isIntersecting) {
-            constructChart(entry.target, urlState);
+            constructChart(entry.target, parseUrl());
             io.unobserve(entry.target);
           }
         });
@@ -344,22 +560,6 @@
         }
       });
     });
-
-    initSlider();
-  }
-
-  function initSlider() {
-    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
-    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
-    if (!slider) return;
-    slider.addEventListener("input", function () {
-      if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
-    });
-    slider.addEventListener("change", function () {
-      var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-      p.set("n", slider.value);
-      window.location.search = p.toString();
-    });
   }
 
   function initLandingFilter() {
@@ -376,8 +576,11 @@
   }
 
   function init() {
+    var main = document.querySelector("main");
+    var defaultN = main && main.getAttribute("data-default-n");
     initLandingFilter();
     initCharts();
+    initToolbar(defaultN);
   }
 
   if (document.readyState === "loading") {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index bac0c505ab8..d96a62bc7d6 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -252,6 +252,31 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
   font-size: 0.875rem;
 }
 
+/* Per-card loading + error indicators for in-place toolbar refetches. */
+.chart-loading,
+.chart-error {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0.5rem;
+  right: 0.75rem;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  z-index: 5;
+}
+.chart-loading {
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  color: var(--muted);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+}
+.chart-error {
+  background: var(--bad);
+  color: var(--accent-fg);
+  pointer-events: auto;
+  max-width: 18rem;
+  white-space: normal;
+}
+
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Custom external tooltip
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index 579d7067bef..ef9dea72bc4 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><div class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0"><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="100"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear" data-y="linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log" data-y="log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs" data-mode="abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel" data-mode="rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index 045ceb8bc34..b5037adfe32 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9?n=100">Q1</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="100"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear" data-y="linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log" data-y="log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs" data-mode="abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel" data-mode="rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9?n=100" data-permalink="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 607d01be36d..27e2653f83d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><div class="landing-search"><input id="group-search" type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div><section class="group" data-group-name="tpch sf=1 [nvme]"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/qmg.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlHcm91cCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUifQ">tpch sf=1 [nvme]</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Compression"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/ctg.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lR3JvdXAifQ">Compression</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Compression Size"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/csg.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplR3JvdXAifQ">Compression Size</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="Random Access"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/rag.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzR3JvdXAifQ">Random Access</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></li></ul></section><section class="group" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/vsg.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoR3JvdXAiLCJkYXRhc2V0IjoiY29oZXJlLWxhcmdlLTEwbSIsImxheW91dCI6InBhcnRpdGlvbmVkIn0">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</a></h2><ul class="charts"><li><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></li></ul></section></main><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha) · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="50"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear" data-y="linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log" data-y="log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs" data-mode="abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel" data-mode="rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><div class="landing-search"><input id="group-search" type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div><section class="group" data-group-name="tpch sf=1 [nvme]"><h2><a class="group-link" 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data-permalink="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-2" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch-lineitem","unit":"bytes","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 201ef2f9008..8618cdf7bb3 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -199,7 +199,10 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     seed(&server).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
+    // Pin ?n=100 so the snapshot doesn't change when the landing default
+    // (50) is tweaked. The `landing_page_default_window` test below covers
+    // the default explicitly.
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/?n=100")).send().await?;
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
     let content_type = resp
         .headers()
@@ -212,12 +215,52 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     );
     let body = resp.text().await?;
 
+    // Phase 2: every chart is rendered inline on the landing page, so the
+    // page must contain at least one `<canvas>` plus a matching JSON payload.
+    assert!(
+        body.contains("<canvas"),
+        "landing page must render at least one <canvas>"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"id="chart-data-0""#),
+        "landing page must inline at least one chart payload"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-chart-slug="#),
+        "landing page chart cards must carry data-chart-slug for in-place refetch"
+    );
+
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
         insta::assert_snapshot!("landing_page", body);
     });
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Without `?n=` the landing page defaults to last-50 commits (cheap by
+/// default), distinct from the 100-commit default of `/chart` and `/group`.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn landing_page_default_window() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let body = resp.text().await?;
+
+    assert!(
+        body.contains("last 50 commits"),
+        "landing page subtitle should reflect the n=50 default"
+    );
+    // The toolbar should highlight `50` (data-scope) as active.
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=50""#)
+            || body.contains(r#"toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=50&"#),
+        "landing toolbar should mark scope=50 active by default"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
@@ -368,6 +411,104 @@ async fn group_api_returns_charts() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// `GET /api/chart/{slug}` returns the same JSON shape that the HTML pages
+/// inline as `<script id="chart-data-N">`. Phase 1 wires this endpoint up as
+/// the in-place refetch target for the toolbar.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_api_returns_payload_shape() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let slug = groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| {
+            g["name"]
+                .as_str()
+                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
+                .unwrap_or(false)
+        })
+        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
+        .and_then(|c| c.first())
+        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
+        .context("tpch chart slug")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let resp = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
+    let ct = resp
+        .headers()
+        .get(reqwest::header::CONTENT_TYPE)
+        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+        .unwrap_or("")
+        .to_string();
+    assert!(
+        ct.starts_with("application/json"),
+        "expected JSON content-type, got {ct:?}"
+    );
+    let body: Value = resp.json().await?;
+    assert!(body["display_name"].as_str().is_some(), "display_name");
+    assert!(body["unit"].as_str().is_some(), "unit");
+    assert!(body["commits"].as_array().is_some(), "commits");
+    assert!(body["series"].as_object().is_some(), "series");
+
+    // ?n= narrows the commit count returned to exactly N.
+    let one: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=1")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let one_count = one["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+    assert_eq!(one_count, 1, "?n=1 should keep exactly one commit");
+
+    // y= and mode= are accepted but don't change the SQL — payload is
+    // identical to the bare request modulo URL-shaped params.
+    let with_hints: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=1&y=log&mode=rel")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        with_hints["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()),
+        Some(1),
+        "?y/?mode shouldn't affect the returned commit count"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        with_hints["series"], one["series"],
+        "?y/?mode shouldn't change the series payload"
+    );
+
+    // A valid-shape slug for a chart that doesn't exist in the DB returns
+    // 404. (Malformed slugs are 400, covered by the HTML route tests.)
+    let unknown_slug = vortex_bench_server::slug::ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
+        dataset: "missing-dataset".into(),
+        dataset_variant: None,
+        scale_factor: None,
+        storage: "nvme".into(),
+        query_idx: 99,
+    }
+    .to_slug();
+    let missing = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{unknown_slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(missing.status(), 404);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;

From f4660d181de2838cd935dd22167cec8bd5ec93b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 02:22:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 15/26] =?UTF-8?q?feat(benchmarks-website):=20per-chart=20U?=
 =?UTF-8?q?X=20rebuild=20=E2=80=94=20zoom-as-scope,=20collapsible=20groups?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Replaces the page-level toolbar (which controlled every chart together)
with a per-chart toolbar that the user reported as the main UX
complaint, and switches the scope mechanism from "refetch on change" to
"zoom over a single fetched slice" so the slider is fluid at 60fps.

## Per-chart toolbar
Every `.chart-card` now carries its own compact `.toolbar.toolbar--card`
with Show / Y / Mode controls. There is no page-level toolbar on `/`,
`/chart`, or `/group`. Toolbar buttons are `<button type="button">`
(not `<a>`): they manipulate Chart.js state in place rather than
navigating.

## Zoom-as-scope
Each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once. The "Show" buttons and
slider set `chart.options.scales.x.min/max` to a window of the
fetched slice; no refetch on scope change. The slider fires on
`input` throttled to 16ms (~60fps, matches v2's `ZOOM_THROTTLE_DELAY`)
so dragging is continuous. Drag-pan and drag-rectangle-zoom are wired
through `chartjs-plugin-zoom`; mouse wheel pans horizontally via a
manual canvas listener calling `chart.pan()` because the plugin
doesn't expose pan-on-wheel.

The zoom plugin UMD is bundled locally
(`static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js`, MIT-licensed). hammerjs is
intentionally not bundled — touch gestures are nice-to-have, the
plugin's mouse path works without it (guarded by `if (Hammer)`).

## Tooltip flicker fix + crosshair
The tooltip host is now permanently `pointer-events: none`. The
previous code flipped it to `auto` while visible, which produced a
flicker loop: cursor on tooltip → mouseout on canvas → tooltip hides
→ mousein on canvas → tooltip shows. Cost: tooltip-internal links are
no longer clickable; the chart-card title already links to the
permalink.

The tooltip is offset 12px from the cursor and flips to the left when
within 24px of the right edge. Interaction mode is
`{ mode: "index", intersect: false, axis: "x" }` so hover anywhere
over the chart snaps to the nearest commit. A custom inline plugin
(`afterDatasetsDraw`) draws a 1px dashed `--muted` vertical crosshair
at the active hover index.

## Collapsible groups, v2 ordering
Landing page wraps each group in `<details>` with a `<summary>` that
shows the group name + chart-count badge. Only the first group is
`open` by default; closed groups render only the chart-card shells
(no inline JSON), and `chart-init.js` fetches their payloads via
`/api/chart/{slug}?n=1000` on the first `details.toggle` event.

Group naming was rewritten to match v2's hard-coded list:
- `tpch sf=1 [nvme]` → `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)`
- `tpcds sf=10 [nvme]` → `TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=10)`
- `clickbench [nvme]` → `Clickbench`
A new `pub const GROUP_ORDER` + `pub fn group_sort_key` in `api.rs`
sort discovered groups into the canonical order; unknown groups sort
last by alphabetical fallback. Option (1) from the task brief — the
rename was a clean change inside `group_name_query` only, no need for
the option-(2) sort-key fallback.

## URL state
URL writeback for per-chart toolbar state was deliberately dropped.
The user's feedback emphasised local-and-immediate UX, not "share a
perfect view via URL"; permalinks (`/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}`)
are the sharing mechanism. `?n=` on the landing route is still
honoured as a power-user override on the initial fetch size.

## Tests
- Snapshots refreshed for all three pages (markup change is large).
- Added: `landing_groups_render_in_v2_order` — fixture covers Random
  Access / Compression / Compression Size / TPC-H / vector-search and
  the rendered order matches the canonical list.
- Added: `details_first_group_open_others_closed`.
- Added: `chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar` (every card).
- Updated `static_assets_are_served` to cover the new
  `/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js` route.

## Out of scope (per task brief)
- Zoom-sync across charts in a group (v2's `zoom-sync.js` pattern) —
  follow-up PR.
- LTTB downsampling.
- "Compare to main" delta mode.
- The `collect_group_charts` N+1 in `api.rs`.
- Mobile legend resize handler.
- Replacing the inline crosshair plugin with `chartjs-plugin-crosshair`.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

https://claude.ai/code/session_01NhtGnaLstPEAh7cRJ4qDFt
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |  70 ++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 513 +++++-------
 .../static/CHARTJS_PLUGIN_ZOOM_LICENSE.md     |   9 +
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 732 +++++++++---------
 .../static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js     |   7 +
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    | 157 ++--
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 321 ++++----
 10 files changed, 883 insertions(+), 932 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/CHARTJS_PLUGIN_ZOOM_LICENSE.md
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index dc079ee6efc..55d00c121ff 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -34,6 +34,39 @@ pub const DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 100;
 /// Hard server-side ceiling on `?n=NNN`.
 pub const MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 1000;
 
+/// Canonical group ordering, ported from the v2 site's hard-coded list at
+/// `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html`. Group names not in this
+/// list sort after every listed name in alphabetical order. The order is
+/// significant for the landing page render — the first group is opened by
+/// default and the rest are collapsed.
+pub const GROUP_ORDER: &[&str] = &[
+    "Random Access",
+    "Compression",
+    "Compression Size",
+    "Clickbench",
+    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)",
+    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=1)",
+    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=10)",
+    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=10)",
+    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=100)",
+    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=100)",
+    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)",
+    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=1000)",
+    "TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=1)",
+    "TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=10)",
+];
+
+/// Sort key for a group name against [`GROUP_ORDER`]. Names in the list sort
+/// by position (0..GROUP_ORDER.len()); names not in the list sort after, by
+/// the same primary index plus an alphabetical tiebreaker.
+pub fn group_sort_key(name: &str) -> (usize, &str) {
+    let pos = GROUP_ORDER
+        .iter()
+        .position(|&n| n == name)
+        .unwrap_or(GROUP_ORDER.len());
+    (pos, name)
+}
+
 /// Server-side cap on how many of the most recent commits a chart includes.
 ///
 /// `Last(n)` keeps the most recent `n` commits by `commits.timestamp`; `All`
@@ -298,6 +331,11 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     let vsr_groups = collect_vector_search_groups(conn)?;
     groups.extend(vsr_groups);
 
+    // Apply canonical ordering. `sort_by_key` is stable, so groups whose
+    // names map to the same key (the `GROUP_ORDER.len()` bucket — i.e. not in
+    // the canonical list) keep the order the discovery passes produced.
+    groups.sort_by(|a, b| group_sort_key(&a.name).cmp(&group_sort_key(&b.name)));
+
     Ok(groups)
 }
 
@@ -367,12 +405,44 @@ fn collect_query_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     Ok(groups)
 }
 
+/// Render a query group name in the same shape v2 used (per the hard-coded
+/// list in `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html`):
+///
+/// - `tpch` + storage + scale_factor → `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)`
+/// - `tpcds` + storage + scale_factor → `TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=1)`
+/// - `clickbench` → `Clickbench`
+/// - anything else → fall back to the legacy `dataset[/variant] sf=N [storage]`
+///   shape so unknown datasets still get a deterministic name.
+///
+/// Variant disambiguation: for tpch/tpcds, if `dataset_variant` is set we
+/// append ` / variant`, since v2's list flattened variants but v3 ingests
+/// them. Without this, two ingestion variants would collide.
 fn group_name_query(
     dataset: &str,
     dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
     scale_factor: &Option<String>,
     storage: &str,
 ) -> String {
+    let storage_label = match storage {
+        "nvme" => Some("NVMe"),
+        "s3" => Some("S3"),
+        _ => None,
+    };
+    let base = match (dataset, storage_label, scale_factor.as_deref()) {
+        ("tpch", Some(s), Some(sf)) => Some(format!("TPC-H ({s}) (SF={sf})")),
+        ("tpcds", Some(s), Some(sf)) => Some(format!("TPC-DS ({s}) (SF={sf})")),
+        ("clickbench", ..) => Some("Clickbench".to_string()),
+        _ => None,
+    };
+    if let Some(mut name) = base {
+        if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
+            name.push_str(" / ");
+            name.push_str(v);
+        }
+        return name;
+    }
+    // Legacy fallback for unknown datasets — keeps the page rendering rather
+    // than silently dropping data.
     let mut name = dataset.to_string();
     if let Some(v) = dataset_variant {
         name.push('/');
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index 6b8e8c1198c..5b2fee3e350 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -3,31 +3,34 @@
 
 //! HTML routes for the bench.vortex.dev v3 web UI.
 //!
-//! Three pages:
-//! - `GET /` — landing page listing every group + chart derived from the
-//!   current data. Each group name links to `/group/{slug}` and each chart
-//!   link goes to `/chart/{slug}`.
-//! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single Chart.js line chart, payload fetched
-//!   server-side and embedded inline as a JSON `<script>` block so there is
-//!   no client-side round-trip after page load.
-//! - `GET /group/{slug}` — every chart in one group on a single page. Each
-//!   chart's payload is embedded inline; chart construction itself is
-//!   deferred until the canvas scrolls into view (mobile-friendly + cheap
-//!   for big groups like the 22 TPC-H queries).
+//! Three pages, all backed by the same per-chart UX:
+//! - `GET /` — landing page. Every group is a collapsible `<details>`. The
+//!   first group is open by default and its charts pre-inline their JSON
+//!   payload for a fast first paint; closed groups carry only the chart-card
+//!   shell and their payloads are fetched on first toggle (`details.open`).
+//! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single chart page; permalink for sharing.
+//! - `GET /group/{slug}` — every chart in one group on a single page.
 //!
-//! All three pages share the same toolbar: scope (`?n=`), Y-axis (`?y=`),
-//! mode (`?mode=`), and hidden series (`?hidden=`). The URL query string is
-//! the source of truth for state; clicking through the toolbar is just plain
-//! `<a>` navigation, while the JS rewrites the URL via
-//! `history.replaceState` for client-only changes (legend toggles).
+//! Each chart card owns its own toolbar (scope buttons + slider, Y-axis,
+//! mode). There is no page-level toolbar — every chart is independent. Scope
+//! is **zoom-as-scope**: each chart fetches up to [`api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW`]
+//! commits once, then the toolbar manipulates `chart.options.scales.x.min`/
+//! `max` to set the visible window. No refetches on scope change.
+//!
+//! URL query params (`?n=`) are accepted as power-user overrides on the
+//! initial fetch but are not written back from the toolbar. Per-chart UI
+//! state is intentionally not persisted in the URL — the user feedback
+//! emphasised that this UX should feel local-and-immediate, not "share a
+//! perfect view via URL". Permalinks (`/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}`) are
+//! the sharing mechanism, not query strings.
 //!
 //! Slugs are opaque strings the server received from `/api/groups`; the
 //! handler echoes them straight into [`crate::slug::ChartKey::from_slug`]
 //! (or [`crate::slug::GroupKey::from_slug`]) without parsing.
 //!
-//! Static assets (Chart.js + CSS + the small hydration script) are served
-//! from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the binary is fully
-//! self-contained.
+//! Static assets (Chart.js + zoom plugin + CSS + the small hydration
+//! script) are served from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the
+//! binary is fully self-contained.
 
 use std::num::NonZeroU32;
 
@@ -58,13 +61,13 @@ use crate::db;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
-/// Default commit window for the landing page. Smaller than the default for
-/// `/chart/{slug}` and `/group/{slug}` (100) because the landing page renders
-/// every chart inline — a smaller default keeps the cold payload cheap, and
-/// users can ask for more data via the `?n=` toolbar.
-const LANDING_DEFAULT_N: u32 = 50;
+/// How many commits each chart pre-fetches. The toolbar's "scope" buttons
+/// zoom into smaller windows of this slice; we never refetch on scope change.
+/// Capped at the API ceiling so a future bigger ceiling is picked up here too.
+const PER_CHART_FETCH_N: u32 = api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW;
 
 const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
+const CHART_ZOOM_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
 const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
 
@@ -75,130 +78,41 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
         .route("/chart/{slug}", get(chart_page))
         .route("/group/{slug}", get(group_page))
         .route("/static/chart.umd.js", get(serve_chart_js))
+        .route(
+            "/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js",
+            get(serve_chart_zoom_js),
+        )
         .route("/static/chart-init.js", get(serve_chart_init_js))
         .route("/static/style.css", get(serve_style_css))
 }
 
-/// Toolbar/UI state parsed from the query string.
-///
-/// Server only consumes `n`; the rest are echoed into the rendered toolbar
-/// and the URL the JS rewrites for legend toggles. Storing them as
-/// strings keeps the round-trip lossless for unknown values.
+/// Query string for HTML routes. Only `?n=` is consumed server-side, as a
+/// power-user override on the per-chart fetch size. Other v2/legacy params
+/// are accepted but ignored — the per-chart toolbar is the source of truth
+/// for runtime state.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UiQuery {
+    /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Defaults to
+    /// [`PER_CHART_FETCH_N`]. Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
     pub n: Option<String>,
-    pub y: Option<String>,
-    pub mode: Option<String>,
-    pub hidden: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl UiQuery {
-    fn window(&self) -> CommitWindow {
-        CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref())
-    }
-
-    /// Like [`Self::window`] but falls back to `default_n` when `?n=` is
-    /// unset rather than to [`CommitWindow::default`]. Used by the landing
-    /// page which has a different default (50) from the per-chart routes.
-    fn window_or_default(&self, default_n: u32) -> CommitWindow {
+    /// Resolve the [`CommitWindow`] for the initial fetch. When `?n=` is
+    /// unset, falls back to [`PER_CHART_FETCH_N`].
+    fn fetch_window(&self) -> CommitWindow {
         match self.n.as_deref() {
-            Some(_) => self.window(),
-            None => CommitWindow::Last(NonZeroU32::new(default_n).expect("non-zero default")),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// `?y=linear|log`, default `linear`.
-    fn y_axis(&self) -> &'static str {
-        match self.y.as_deref() {
-            Some("log") => "log",
-            _ => "linear",
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// `?mode=abs|rel`, default `abs`. Unknown values fall through to `abs`.
-    fn mode(&self) -> &'static str {
-        match self.mode.as_deref() {
-            Some("rel") => "rel",
-            _ => "abs",
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Build a query string with the given override applied. Only retains
-    /// non-empty / non-default values so URLs stay short.
-    fn with_override(&self, key: &str, value: &str) -> String {
-        let mut pairs: Vec<(&str, String)> = Vec::new();
-        let mut add = |k: &'static str, v: Option<String>| {
-            if let Some(v) = v
-                && !v.is_empty()
-            {
-                pairs.push((k, v));
+            Some(_) => CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref()),
+            None => {
+                CommitWindow::Last(NonZeroU32::new(PER_CHART_FETCH_N).expect("non-zero default"))
             }
-        };
-        let n = if key == "n" {
-            Some(value.to_string())
-        } else {
-            self.n.clone()
-        };
-        let y = if key == "y" {
-            Some(value.to_string())
-        } else {
-            self.y.clone()
-        };
-        let mode = if key == "mode" {
-            Some(value.to_string())
-        } else {
-            self.mode.clone()
-        };
-        let hidden = if key == "hidden" {
-            Some(value.to_string())
-        } else {
-            self.hidden.clone()
-        };
-        add("n", n);
-        add("y", y);
-        add("mode", mode);
-        add("hidden", hidden);
-        if pairs.is_empty() {
-            String::new()
-        } else {
-            let body: Vec<String> = pairs
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(k, v)| format!("{k}={}", urlencode(&v)))
-                .collect();
-            format!("?{}", body.join("&"))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Minimal URL-encoder for query string values. Only chars that need escaping
-/// inside an `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` value are touched; the
-/// alphanumeric plus a few path-safe symbols pass through verbatim. We avoid
-/// pulling in a crate for this — values are short (`100`, `log`, `rel`,
-/// `engine:format|engine:format`). `|` is the `?hidden=` series delimiter
-/// (see `chart-init.js`); kept unescaped so URLs stay readable in the bar.
-fn urlencode(s: &str) -> String {
-    let mut out = String::with_capacity(s.len());
-    for b in s.bytes() {
-        match b {
-            b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'-' | b'_' | b'.' | b'~' | b':' | b'|' => {
-                out.push(b as char)
-            }
-            _ => out.push_str(&format!("%{b:02X}")),
         }
     }
-    out
 }
 
 async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Response {
-    // Landing-only default: 50 commits. Cheap by default; users opt into
-    // bigger windows via the toolbar.
-    let window = ui.window_or_default(LANDING_DEFAULT_N);
-    // NOTE: payload size on the landing page is the next thing to watch if
-    // chart counts grow — every chart's series is inlined as a JSON
-    // `<script>` block, so the cold HTML grows linearly in (groups × charts ×
-    // series × commits). If this gets fat, switch to lazy-fetch on
-    // intersection (the `data-chart-slug` plumbing is already in place).
-    let groups_with_charts = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+    let window = ui.fetch_window();
+    let groups = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
         collect_landing_groups(conn, &window)
     })
     .await
@@ -209,61 +123,73 @@ async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Re
             return error_page(StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "internal error").into_response();
         }
     };
-    let subtitle = format!(
-        "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha) · {}",
-        toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(&ui, LANDING_DEFAULT_N),
-    );
-    let scripts = if groups_with_charts.is_empty() {
-        PageScripts::LandingEmpty
+    let scripts = if groups.is_empty() {
+        PageScripts::Empty
     } else {
         PageScripts::Chart
     };
     render_page(
         "bench.vortex.dev",
-        &subtitle,
-        landing_body(&groups_with_charts, &ui, LANDING_DEFAULT_N),
+        "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)",
+        landing_body(&groups),
         scripts,
-        LANDING_DEFAULT_N,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
 
-/// Group + every chart inside it, used by the landing-page render.
+/// One group's worth of data for the landing page.
+///
+/// The first group (in canonical order) ships with `charts` populated so the
+/// open-by-default `<details>` paints immediately. Subsequent groups ship
+/// with `charts` empty and only their chart-card shells — payloads are
+/// fetched client-side on first `details.toggle` to keep the cold landing
+/// HTML small.
 struct LandingGroup {
     name: String,
-    /// Slug for the `/group/{slug}` permalink.
-    slug: String,
-    charts: Vec<NamedChartResponse>,
+    /// Chart links for every chart in the group. Always present — we need
+    /// the slugs server-side so the chart-card shell can carry
+    /// `data-chart-slug` for the lazy fetch.
+    chart_links: Vec<api::ChartLink>,
+    /// Pre-fetched payloads. Populated only for the open-by-default group.
+    /// `Vec` indices line up with `chart_links`.
+    inlined: Vec<Option<NamedChartResponse>>,
 }
 
-/// Collect all groups + every chart inside each group for the landing page.
-///
-/// Returns groups in the same order as [`api::collect_groups`]; groups whose
-/// charts all return empty for the current `window` are dropped so the page
-/// doesn't render visually-empty sections.
+/// Build a landing-page view: every group, with the first group's payloads
+/// inlined and the rest left as shells. Groups whose discovery query
+/// returns no data are dropped, but a group whose charts simply have no data
+/// inside the requested window is preserved as a shell so the user can see
+/// it (and the lazy-fetch retry path can populate it on toggle).
 fn collect_landing_groups(conn: &Connection, window: &CommitWindow) -> Result<Vec<LandingGroup>> {
     let groups = api::collect_groups(conn)?;
+    if groups.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(Vec::new());
+    }
     let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(groups.len());
-    for group in groups {
-        let mut charts = Vec::with_capacity(group.charts.len());
-        for link in group.charts {
-            let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)?;
-            let Some(chart) = api::chart_payload(conn, &key, window)? else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            charts.push(NamedChartResponse {
-                name: link.name,
-                slug: link.slug,
-                chart,
-            });
-        }
-        if charts.is_empty() {
-            continue;
-        }
+    for (i, group) in groups.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        let inlined = if i == 0 {
+            // First (open-by-default) group: pre-fetch every chart so the
+            // first paint is fast and there is no JS round-trip.
+            let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(group.charts.len());
+            for link in &group.charts {
+                let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)?;
+                let payload = api::chart_payload(conn, &key, window)?;
+                v.push(payload.map(|chart| NamedChartResponse {
+                    name: link.name.clone(),
+                    slug: link.slug.clone(),
+                    chart,
+                }));
+            }
+            v
+        } else {
+            // Closed groups: ship only the shells. The client fetches on
+            // first `details.toggle`.
+            (0..group.charts.len()).map(|_| None).collect()
+        };
         out.push(LandingGroup {
             name: group.name,
-            slug: group.slug,
-            charts,
+            chart_links: group.charts,
+            inlined,
         });
     }
     Ok(out)
@@ -282,7 +208,7 @@ async fn chart_page(
         }
     };
 
-    let window = ui.window();
+    let window = ui.fetch_window();
     let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
         api::collect_chart(conn, &key, &window)
     })
@@ -305,13 +231,12 @@ async fn chart_page(
     };
 
     let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", chart.display_name);
-    let subtitle = format!("{} · {}", chart.display_name, toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui));
+    let subtitle = chart.display_name.clone();
     render_page(
         &title,
         &subtitle,
-        chart_body(&chart, &slug, &payload_json, &ui),
+        chart_body(&chart, &slug, &payload_json),
         PageScripts::Chart,
-        api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
@@ -328,7 +253,7 @@ async fn group_page(
             return error_page(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "group not found").into_response();
         }
     };
-    let window = ui.window();
+    let window = ui.fetch_window();
     let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
         api::collect_group_charts(conn, &key, &window)
     })
@@ -342,31 +267,19 @@ async fn group_page(
         }
     };
     let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", group.name);
-    let subtitle = format!("{} · {}", group.name, toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui));
-    render_page(
-        &title,
-        &subtitle,
-        group_body(&group, &ui),
-        PageScripts::Chart,
-        api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW,
-    )
-    .into_response()
+    let subtitle = group.name.clone();
+    render_page(&title, &subtitle, group_body(&group), PageScripts::Chart).into_response()
 }
 
 /// Which scripts the page wants pulled in.
 enum PageScripts {
-    /// Landing pages without any charts (empty database). Skips Chart.js.
-    LandingEmpty,
+    /// Empty database — skip Chart.js entirely.
+    Empty,
+    /// Any page with at least one chart-card. Pulls Chart.js + zoom plugin.
     Chart,
 }
 
-fn render_page(
-    title: &str,
-    header_subtitle: &str,
-    body: Markup,
-    scripts: PageScripts,
-    default_n: u32,
-) -> Markup {
+fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
     html! {
         (DOCTYPE)
         html lang="en" {
@@ -381,13 +294,14 @@ fn render_page(
                     h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
                     p.subtitle { (header_subtitle) }
                 }
-                main data-default-n=(default_n) { (body) }
+                main { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
-                    PageScripts::LandingEmpty => {
+                    PageScripts::Empty => {
                         script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
                     },
                     PageScripts::Chart => {
                         script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer {}
+                        script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer {}
                         script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
                     },
                 }
@@ -396,32 +310,34 @@ fn render_page(
     }
 }
 
-fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup], ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> Markup {
+fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup]) -> Markup {
     if groups.is_empty() {
         return html! {
             p.empty { "No data ingested yet." }
         };
     }
-    let total_charts: usize = groups.iter().map(|g| g.charts.len()).sum();
+    let total_charts: usize = groups.iter().map(|g| g.chart_links.len()).sum();
     // Index every chart globally so `<canvas data-chart-index="N">` and
     // `<script id="chart-data-N">` agree across groups.
     let mut idx_iter = 0usize..total_charts;
     html! {
-        (toolbar(ui, default_n))
         div.landing-search {
             input #group-search type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…"
                 autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false";
         }
-        @for group in groups {
-            section.group data-group-name=(group.name) {
-                h2 {
-                    a.group-link
-                        href={ "/group/" (group.slug) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
-                        { (group.name) }
+        @for (group_idx, group) in groups.iter().enumerate() {
+            details.group-details
+                data-group-name=(group.name)
+                open[group_idx == 0] {
+                summary.group-summary {
+                    span.group-name { (group.name) }
+                    span.group-count { (group.chart_links.len()) }
                 }
                 div.chart-grid {
-                    @for item in &group.charts {
-                        (inline_chart_card(item, idx_iter.next().expect("indices match charts"), ui))
+                    @for (chart_idx, link) in group.chart_links.iter().enumerate() {
+                        @let idx = idx_iter.next().expect("indices match charts");
+                        @let inlined = group.inlined.get(chart_idx).and_then(|o| o.as_ref());
+                        (chart_card(link, idx, inlined))
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -432,31 +348,37 @@ fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup], ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> Markup
     }
 }
 
-fn inline_chart_card(item: &NamedChartResponse, idx: usize, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
-    let payload_json = serde_json::to_string(&item.chart).expect("ChartResponse serialises");
-    let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", item.slug);
+/// Render one chart-card. `inlined` carries the JSON payload when the
+/// server pre-fetched it; absent on closed-by-default landing groups, where
+/// the JS fetches on first `details.toggle`.
+fn chart_card(link: &api::ChartLink, idx: usize, inlined: Option<&NamedChartResponse>) -> Markup {
+    let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", link.slug);
     html! {
-        section.chart-card data-chart-index=(idx) data-chart-slug=(item.slug) {
+        section.chart-card data-chart-index=(idx) data-chart-slug=(link.slug) {
             h3.chart-card-title {
-                a href={ (permalink) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
-                    data-permalink=(permalink) { (item.name) }
+                a href=(permalink) { (link.name) }
             }
+            (per_chart_toolbar(idx))
             div.chart-tooltip-host {}
             div.chart-wrap {
                 canvas data-chart-index=(idx) {}
             }
-            script id={ "chart-data-" (idx) } type="application/json" {
-                (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(&payload_json)))
+            @if let Some(item) = inlined {
+                script id={ "chart-data-" (idx) } type="application/json" {
+                    (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(
+                        &serde_json::to_string(&item.chart)
+                            .expect("ChartResponse serialises"),
+                    )))
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
     let series_count = chart.series.len();
     let commit_count = chart.commits.len();
     html! {
-        (toolbar(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW))
         p.chart-meta {
             "unit: " code { (chart.unit) }
             " · "
@@ -464,6 +386,7 @@ fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuer
             (commit_count) " commit" @if commit_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
         section.chart-card data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug=(slug) {
+            (per_chart_toolbar(0))
             div.chart-tooltip-host {}
             div.chart-wrap {
                 canvas data-chart-index="0" {}
@@ -479,10 +402,9 @@ fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str, ui: &UiQuer
     }
 }
 
-fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
+fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
     let chart_count = group.charts.len();
     html! {
-        (toolbar(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW))
         p.chart-meta {
             (chart_count) " chart" @if chart_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
@@ -491,9 +413,9 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
                 @let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", item.slug);
                 section.chart-card data-chart-index=(i) data-chart-slug=(item.slug) {
                     h3.chart-card-title {
-                        a href={ (permalink) (ui_query_string(ui)) }
-                            data-permalink=(permalink) { (item.name) }
+                        a href=(permalink) { (item.name) }
                     }
+                    (per_chart_toolbar(i))
                     div.chart-tooltip-host {}
                     div.chart-wrap {
                         canvas data-chart-index=(i) {}
@@ -513,90 +435,43 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse, ui: &UiQuery) -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
-/// Fragment that captures the current toolbar state as a query string,
-/// preserved when navigating between pages.
-fn ui_query_string(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
-    ui.with_override("__noop", "")
-}
-
-/// Render the chart-page toolbar.
+/// Render the per-chart toolbar. `idx` namespaces input ids so multiple
+/// charts on the same page don't collide on `<input id="...">`.
 ///
-/// `default_n` is the route's commit-window default: 100 for `/chart` and
-/// `/group`, 50 for `/`. When the URL has no `?n=` it determines which
-/// `Scope` button is highlighted as active.
-fn toolbar(ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> Markup {
-    let active_scope = ui.window_or_default(default_n).url_value();
-    let active_y = ui.y_axis();
-    let active_mode = ui.mode();
+/// All buttons are `<button type="button">` (not `<a>`): this toolbar does
+/// not navigate or rewrite the URL, it manipulates Chart.js state in place.
+fn per_chart_toolbar(idx: usize) -> Markup {
+    let slider_id = format!("scope-slider-{idx}");
+    let label_id = format!("scope-slider-label-{idx}");
     html! {
-        nav.toolbar aria-label="Chart controls" {
-            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Commit window" {
-                span.toolbar-label { "Scope" }
+        div.toolbar.toolbar--card aria-label="Chart controls" {
+            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Visible commits" {
+                span.toolbar-label { "Show" }
                 @for opt in ["25", "50", "100", "250", "all"] {
-                    a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[opt == active_scope]
-                        href=(ui.with_override("n", opt))
+                    button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[opt == "100"]
+                        type="button"
                         data-scope=(opt) { (opt) }
                 }
-                input #scope-slider type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5"
-                    value=(slider_value(active_scope.as_str()))
+                input id=(slider_id).toolbar-slider type="range"
+                    min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100"
+                    data-role="scope-slider"
                     aria-label="Custom commit window";
-                span #scope-slider-label.toolbar-slider-label { (active_scope) }
+                span id=(label_id).toolbar-slider-label data-role="scope-slider-label" { "100" }
             }
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Y" }
-                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "linear"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "linear"))
-                    data-y="linear" { "linear" }
-                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_y == "log"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("y", "log"))
-                    data-y="log" { "log" }
+                button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active type="button" data-y="linear" { "linear" }
+                button.toolbar-btn type="button" data-y="log" { "log" }
             }
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Display mode" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Mode" }
-                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "abs"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "abs"))
-                    data-mode="abs" { "absolute" }
-                a.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[active_mode == "rel"]
-                    href=(ui.with_override("mode", "rel"))
-                    data-mode="rel" { "% of baseline" }
+                button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active type="button" data-mode="abs" { "abs" }
+                button.toolbar-btn type="button" data-mode="rel" { "rel" }
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-/// Best-effort default value for the slider when the active scope is
-/// non-numeric (e.g. `all`).
-fn slider_value(scope: &str) -> String {
-    scope
-        .parse::<u32>()
-        .map(|n| n.to_string())
-        .unwrap_or_else(|_| "100".into())
-}
-
-/// Subtitle suffix that mirrors active toolbar state, e.g.
-/// `last 100 commits · log · rel`.
-fn toolbar_subtitle_suffix(ui: &UiQuery) -> String {
-    toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(ui, api::DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW)
-}
-
-/// Like [`toolbar_subtitle_suffix`] but uses `default_n` when the URL has no
-/// `?n=`. The landing page passes its smaller default (50) here so the
-/// subtitle reads "last 50 commits" rather than the global default of 100.
-fn toolbar_subtitle_suffix_with_default(ui: &UiQuery, default_n: u32) -> String {
-    let scope = match ui.window_or_default(default_n) {
-        CommitWindow::All => "all commits".to_string(),
-        CommitWindow::Last(n) => format!("last {} commits", n.get()),
-    };
-    let mut bits = vec![scope];
-    if ui.y_axis() == "log" {
-        bits.push("log".into());
-    }
-    if ui.mode() != "abs" {
-        bits.push(ui.mode().into());
-    }
-    bits.join(" · ")
-}
-
 /// Make a JSON string safe to embed inside a `<script>` element.
 ///
 /// HTML parsers terminate `<script>` early on a literal `</`. Replacing the
@@ -635,6 +510,10 @@ async fn serve_chart_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
     static_response(CHART_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
 }
 
+async fn serve_chart_zoom_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(CHART_ZOOM_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
 async fn serve_chart_init_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
     static_response(CHART_INIT_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
 }
@@ -674,66 +553,22 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn url_encode_keeps_safe_chars() {
-        assert_eq!(urlencode("engine:format|parquet"), "engine:format|parquet");
-        // `,` is no longer in the allowlist — it gets percent-encoded.
-        assert_eq!(urlencode("a,b"), "a%2Cb");
-        assert_eq!(urlencode("hello world"), "hello%20world");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn ui_query_with_override_round_trips() {
-        let ui = UiQuery {
-            n: Some("50".into()),
-            y: Some("log".into()),
-            mode: None,
-            hidden: None,
-        };
-        let qs = ui.with_override("mode", "rel");
-        assert!(qs.contains("n=50"));
-        assert!(qs.contains("y=log"));
-        assert!(qs.contains("mode=rel"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn ui_query_with_override_drops_empty() {
+    fn fetch_window_default_is_max() {
         let ui = UiQuery::default();
-        // Default with no override produces empty string.
-        assert_eq!(ui.with_override("__noop", ""), "");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn toolbar_subtitle_includes_active_state() {
-        let ui = UiQuery {
-            n: Some("50".into()),
-            y: Some("log".into()),
-            mode: Some("rel".into()),
-            hidden: None,
-        };
-        let s = toolbar_subtitle_suffix(&ui);
-        assert!(s.contains("last 50 commits"));
-        assert!(s.contains("log"));
-        assert!(s.contains("rel"));
+        match ui.fetch_window() {
+            CommitWindow::Last(n) => assert_eq!(n.get(), PER_CHART_FETCH_N),
+            CommitWindow::All => panic!("default should be Last(N)"),
+        }
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn ui_query_with_override_preserves_pipe_delimited_hidden() {
-        // `?hidden=` uses `|` as its delimiter (see chart-init.js). A
-        // permalink that arrives at the server with multiple hidden series
-        // must round-trip through `with_override` without the pipe being
-        // percent-encoded — that pins server and client agreement on the
-        // wire shape.
+    fn fetch_window_respects_n_override() {
         let ui = UiQuery {
-            n: None,
-            y: None,
-            mode: None,
-            hidden: Some("a:b|c:d".into()),
+            n: Some("25".into()),
         };
-        let qs = ui.with_override("__noop", "");
-        assert!(
-            qs.contains("hidden=a:b|c:d"),
-            "expected literal pipe in {qs}",
-        );
-        assert!(!qs.contains("%7C"), "pipe should not be percent-encoded");
+        match ui.fetch_window() {
+            CommitWindow::Last(n) => assert_eq!(n.get(), 25),
+            CommitWindow::All => panic!(),
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHARTJS_PLUGIN_ZOOM_LICENSE.md b/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHARTJS_PLUGIN_ZOOM_LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d0f4288b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/CHARTJS_PLUGIN_ZOOM_LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2013-2021 chartjs-plugin-zoom contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index f685a996f48..85d6480091c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -2,23 +2,33 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
 // Hydrate Chart.js charts on /, /chart/:slug, and /group/:slug, plus the
-// landing-page client-side filter.
+// landing-page client-side filter and the lazy-fetch-on-toggle behaviour for
+// closed `<details>` groups.
 //
-// Each chart's initial payload is embedded inline as
-//   <script id="chart-data-N" type="application/json">{ChartResponse}</script>
-// paired with a <canvas data-chart-index="N"> via the index attribute. The
-// chart-card carries `data-chart-slug` so the toolbar can refetch a single
-// card from `/api/chart/{slug}?n=...` without a page reload.
-//
-// URL state (n, y, mode, hidden) is the source of truth and the URL stays in
-// sync via `history.replaceState`. Toolbar clicks are handled in JS:
-//   - `n` → refetch every chart on the page, swap data, chart.update("none").
-//   - `y` → swap `chart.options.scales.y` in place; no fetch.
-//   - `mode` → recompute datasets client-side; no fetch.
-//   - legend toggle → mirror into `?hidden=...` like before.
+// Per-chart UX:
+//   - Each `.chart-card` carries `data-chart-slug`. The card *owns* its own
+//     toolbar (`.toolbar--card`) — there is no page-level toolbar.
+//   - Each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once. The toolbar's "Show" buttons
+//     and slider set `chart.options.scales.x.min/max` to reveal a window of
+//     that fetched slice; we never refetch on a scope change.
+//   - The slider is throttled to ~16ms (one frame at 60fps) per v2's
+//     `CONFIG.ZOOM_THROTTLE_DELAY` so dragging the slider feels continuous.
+//   - Mouse wheel pans horizontally (chartjs-plugin-zoom does not expose
+//     pan-on-wheel, so a manual `wheel` listener calls `chart.pan(...)`).
+//   - Drag-pan + drag-rectangle-zoom are wired through the plugin.
+//   - A custom inline plugin draws a vertical crosshair at the hovered
+//     commit; the external tooltip is offset and `pointer-events: none`
+//     to fix the flicker described in the per-chart UX rebuild brief.
 (function () {
   "use strict";
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Constants — match v2 (`origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/config.js`).
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  var ZOOM_THROTTLE_MS = 16; // one frame at ~60fps for slider drag
+  var FETCH_N = 1000; // matches `PER_CHART_FETCH_N` server-side
+  var DEFAULT_VISIBLE = 100; // initial visible window (last 100 of fetched)
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Palette + helpers
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -27,9 +37,7 @@
     "#0891b2", "#ca8a04", "#db2777", "#65a30d", "#475569",
   ];
 
-  function colorFor(i) {
-    return palette[i % palette.length];
-  }
+  function colorFor(i) { return palette[i % palette.length]; }
 
   function shortSha(sha) {
     return typeof sha === "string" ? sha.slice(0, 7) : String(sha);
@@ -37,7 +45,6 @@
 
   function shortDate(ts) {
     if (typeof ts !== "string") return "";
-    // commits.timestamp arrives as either ISO 8601 or DuckDB's `YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS`.
     return ts.slice(0, 10);
   }
 
@@ -58,7 +65,6 @@
   function formatNumber(v, unit) {
     if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return "—";
     if (unit === "ns") {
-      // Pick a friendlier unit when the magnitude warrants it.
       var abs = Math.abs(v);
       if (abs >= 1e9) return (v / 1e9).toFixed(2) + " s";
       if (abs >= 1e6) return (v / 1e6).toFixed(2) + " ms";
@@ -75,141 +81,91 @@
     return v.toString();
   }
 
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // URL state
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function parseUrl() {
-    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-    return {
-      n: p.get("n") || "",
-      y: p.get("y") === "log" ? "log" : "linear",
-      mode: p.get("mode") === "rel" ? "rel" : "abs",
-      hidden: parseHiddenParam(p.get("hidden")),
+  // Throttle to a max call rate; trailing call is preserved so the final
+  // slider position is honoured. (`requestAnimationFrame` is conceptually
+  // similar but we want a hard ceiling regardless of when the browser
+  // schedules a frame.)
+  function throttle(fn, ms) {
+    var lastRan = 0;
+    var pending = null;
+    var pendingArgs = null;
+    return function () {
+      var now = Date.now();
+      pendingArgs = arguments;
+      if (now - lastRan >= ms) {
+        lastRan = now;
+        fn.apply(null, pendingArgs);
+      } else if (!pending) {
+        var wait = ms - (now - lastRan);
+        pending = setTimeout(function () {
+          lastRan = Date.now();
+          pending = null;
+          fn.apply(null, pendingArgs);
+        }, wait);
+      }
     };
   }
 
-  // `|` cannot appear in our series labels (which are
-  // "engine:format"-shaped today), unlike `,`/`/` which could plausibly
-  // sneak in via dataset variants. URLSearchParams handles `|` as-is.
-  var HIDDEN_DELIM = "|";
-
-  function parseHiddenParam(s) {
-    if (!s) return Object.create(null);
-    var out = Object.create(null);
-    s.split(HIDDEN_DELIM).forEach(function (k) {
-      if (k) out[k] = true;
-    });
-    return out;
-  }
-
-  function serializeHidden(set) {
-    var keys = Object.keys(set).filter(function (k) { return set[k]; });
-    keys.sort();
-    return keys.join(HIDDEN_DELIM);
-  }
-
-  // Default value the server treats as "use the route's default scope". When
-  // the URL has no `n` we want to leave the param off so the server can
-  // re-pick its own default (50 on `/`, 100 on `/chart` and `/group`).
-  function applyUrlState(state) {
-    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-    if (state.n) p.set("n", state.n); else p.delete("n");
-    if (state.y && state.y !== "linear") p.set("y", state.y); else p.delete("y");
-    if (state.mode && state.mode !== "abs") p.set("mode", state.mode); else p.delete("mode");
-    var h = serializeHidden(state.hidden || {});
-    if (h) p.set("hidden", h); else p.delete("hidden");
-    var qs = p.toString();
-    var url = window.location.pathname + (qs ? "?" + qs : "") + window.location.hash;
-    window.history.replaceState(null, "", url);
-  }
-
-  function rewriteHiddenInUrl(set) {
-    var state = parseUrl();
-    state.hidden = set;
-    applyUrlState(state);
-  }
-
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Payload + dataset construction
+  // Crosshair plugin: draws a vertical line at the chart's active hover
+  // index. Using an inline plugin is cheaper than pulling in
+  // chartjs-plugin-crosshair, which is overkill for this one feature.
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function readInlinePayload(idx) {
-    var script = document.getElementById("chart-data-" + idx);
-    if (!script) return null;
-    try {
-      return JSON.parse(script.textContent);
-    } catch (e) {
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
-
-  function buildDatasets(payload, urlState) {
-    var raw = payload.series || {};
-    var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
-    var values = names.map(function (name) {
-      return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
-    });
-
-    if (urlState.mode === "rel") {
-      values = values.map(function (arr) {
-        var baseline = null;
-        for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-          if (arr[i] !== null && arr[i] !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(arr[i])) {
-            baseline = arr[i];
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if (!baseline) return arr.map(function () { return null; });
-        return arr.map(function (v) {
-          if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return null;
-          return (v / baseline) * 100;
-        });
-      });
-    }
-
-    return names.map(function (name, i) {
-      return {
-        label: name,
-        data: values[i],
-        rawData: raw[name],
-        borderColor: colorFor(i),
-        backgroundColor: colorFor(i),
-        spanGaps: true,
-        tension: 0.1,
-        pointRadius: 2,
-        pointHoverRadius: 5,
-        hidden: !!urlState.hidden[name],
-      };
-    });
-  }
-
-  function yAxisTitle(payload, urlState) {
-    return urlState.mode === "rel" ? "% of baseline" : (payload.unit || "");
-  }
+  var crosshairPlugin = {
+    id: "benchCrosshair",
+    afterDatasetsDraw: function (chart) {
+      var active = chart.tooltip && chart.tooltip.getActiveElements
+        ? chart.tooltip.getActiveElements()
+        : [];
+      if (!active || !active.length) return;
+      var x = active[0].element.x;
+      var ya = chart.scales && chart.scales.y;
+      if (!ya || !Number.isFinite(x)) return;
+      var ctx = chart.ctx;
+      ctx.save();
+      // `--muted` from the page theme — read it lazily so dark mode picks
+      // up the right colour.
+      var muted = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
+        .getPropertyValue("--muted").trim() || "#9ca3af";
+      ctx.strokeStyle = muted;
+      ctx.lineWidth = 1;
+      ctx.setLineDash([4, 4]);
+      ctx.beginPath();
+      ctx.moveTo(x, ya.top);
+      ctx.lineTo(x, ya.bottom);
+      ctx.stroke();
+      ctx.restore();
+    },
+  };
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Tooltip
+  // External tooltip with offset + flip-on-overflow.
+  //
+  // Flicker fix: the tooltip host is **always** `pointer-events: none`. The
+  // previous implementation flipped it to `auto` when visible; the cursor
+  // would land on the tooltip, fire mouseout on the canvas, the tooltip
+  // would hide, the cursor would re-enter the canvas, and the cycle would
+  // repeat at event-loop frequency. The cost of `pointer-events: none` is
+  // that the github-link in the tooltip footer is no longer clickable, but
+  // the chart-card title already links to the permalink.
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   function externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host) {
     return function (context) {
-      var tooltipModel = context.tooltip;
+      var tt = context.tooltip;
       if (!host) return;
-      if (tooltipModel.opacity === 0) {
+      if (tt.opacity === 0) {
         host.style.opacity = "0";
-        host.style.pointerEvents = "none";
         return;
       }
 
-      // Always read the current payload from the canvas: a refetch may have
-      // replaced it under us since this handler was installed.
       var payload = canvas.__bench_payload || { commits: [], unit: "" };
-
-      var idx = tooltipModel.dataPoints && tooltipModel.dataPoints[0]
-        ? tooltipModel.dataPoints[0].dataIndex
+      var idx = tt.dataPoints && tt.dataPoints[0]
+        ? tt.dataPoints[0].dataIndex
         : -1;
       var commit = (payload.commits || [])[idx] || {};
       var unit = payload.unit || "";
 
-      var rows = (tooltipModel.dataPoints || []).map(function (dp) {
+      var rows = (tt.dataPoints || []).map(function (dp) {
         var ds = dp.dataset || {};
         var raw = (ds.rawData || [])[idx];
         var prevIdx = idx - 1;
@@ -241,120 +197,322 @@
         + "</div>";
 
       var msg = commit.message ? truncate(commit.message, 120) : "";
-      var footerHtml = "";
-      if (msg || commit.url) {
-        footerHtml = '<div class="tt-footer">'
+      var footerHtml = (msg || commit.url)
+        ? '<div class="tt-footer">'
           + (msg ? '<div class="tt-msg">' + escapeHtml(msg) + "</div>" : "")
-          + (commit.url
-              ? '<a class="tt-link" href="' + escapeHtml(commit.url)
-                + '" target="_blank" rel="noopener">view on github →</a>'
-              : "")
-          + "</div>";
-      }
+          + (commit.url ? '<div class="tt-msg">'
+              + escapeHtml(commit.url.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "")) + "</div>" : "")
+          + "</div>"
+        : "";
 
       host.innerHTML = titleHtml + '<div class="tt-rows">' + rows + "</div>" + footerHtml;
 
+      // Position the tooltip relative to its container, offset 12px from
+      // the cursor. Flip horizontally if it would overflow.
       var canvasRect = context.chart.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
       var hostRect = host.parentNode.getBoundingClientRect();
-      var x = canvasRect.left - hostRect.left + tooltipModel.caretX;
-      var y = canvasRect.top - hostRect.top + tooltipModel.caretY;
+      var x = canvasRect.left - hostRect.left + tt.caretX;
+      var y = canvasRect.top - hostRect.top + tt.caretY;
       host.style.opacity = "1";
-      host.style.pointerEvents = "auto";
       host.style.left = x + "px";
       host.style.top = y + "px";
+      // Measure after content swap so flipping is correct.
+      var ttWidth = host.offsetWidth || 0;
+      var containerWidth = host.parentNode.clientWidth || 0;
+      var flip = (x + ttWidth + 24) > containerWidth;
+      host.style.transform = flip
+        ? "translate(calc(-100% - 12px), 12px)"
+        : "translate(12px, 12px)";
     };
   }
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Single-chart construction + in-place rebuild
+  // Payload + datasets
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function constructChart(card, urlState) {
+  function readInlinePayload(idx) {
+    var s = document.getElementById("chart-data-" + idx);
+    if (!s) return null;
+    try { return JSON.parse(s.textContent); } catch (e) { return null; }
+  }
+
+  function buildDatasets(payload, mode) {
+    var raw = payload.series || {};
+    var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
+    var values = names.map(function (name) {
+      return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
+    });
+
+    if (mode === "rel") {
+      values = values.map(function (arr) {
+        var baseline = null;
+        for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
+          if (arr[i] !== null && arr[i] !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(arr[i])) {
+            baseline = arr[i];
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (!baseline) return arr.map(function () { return null; });
+        return arr.map(function (v) {
+          if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return null;
+          return (v / baseline) * 100;
+        });
+      });
+    }
+
+    return names.map(function (name, i) {
+      return {
+        label: name,
+        data: values[i],
+        rawData: raw[name],
+        borderColor: colorFor(i),
+        backgroundColor: colorFor(i),
+        spanGaps: true,
+        tension: 0.1,
+        pointRadius: 2,
+        pointHoverRadius: 5,
+      };
+    });
+  }
+
+  function yAxisTitle(payload, mode) {
+    return mode === "rel" ? "% of baseline" : (payload.unit || "");
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Per-card construction. State lives on the canvas:
+  //   canvas.__bench_chart   — Chart.js instance
+  //   canvas.__bench_payload — last-fetched ChartResponse
+  //   canvas.__bench_state   — { y, mode, scope } (per-chart toolbar state)
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function constructChart(card) {
     var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
     var canvas = card.querySelector('canvas[data-chart-index="' + idx + '"]');
     if (!canvas || typeof Chart === "undefined") return null;
     if (canvas.__bench_chart) return canvas.__bench_chart;
 
-    // Prefer a payload that arrived via fetch (refetch landed before the
-    // canvas scrolled into view); else fall back to the inline JSON.
     var payload = canvas.__bench_payload || readInlinePayload(idx);
     if (!payload) return null;
     canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
 
+    var state = canvas.__bench_state || { y: "linear", mode: "abs", scope: DEFAULT_VISIBLE };
+    canvas.__bench_state = state;
+
     var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
-    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload, urlState);
+    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload, state.mode);
     var host = card.querySelector(".chart-tooltip-host");
-
-    // Mobile gets the legend above the chart so the chart doesn't get pushed
-    // off-screen by a tall legend on narrow viewports.
+    var range = visibleRange(labels.length, state.scope);
     var legendPosition = (window.matchMedia
       && window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches) ? "top" : "bottom";
 
-    var yTitle = yAxisTitle(payload, urlState);
     var chart = new Chart(canvas, {
       type: "line",
       data: { labels: labels, datasets: datasets },
+      plugins: [crosshairPlugin],
       options: {
         responsive: true,
         maintainAspectRatio: false,
         animation: false,
-        interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false },
+        // Snap-to-x-index, no vertical-intersection requirement: a stable
+        // hover anywhere over the chart, with the crosshair plugin painting
+        // the column. Combined with `pointer-events: none` on the tooltip
+        // host, this is the flicker fix.
+        interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false, axis: "x" },
         scales: {
           y: {
-            type: urlState.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear",
-            beginAtZero: urlState.y !== "log" && urlState.mode !== "rel",
-            title: { display: !!yTitle, text: yTitle },
+            type: state.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear",
+            beginAtZero: state.y !== "log" && state.mode !== "rel",
+            title: { display: true, text: yAxisTitle(payload, state.mode) },
+          },
+          x: {
+            min: range.min,
+            max: range.max,
+            title: { display: false },
           },
-          x: { title: { display: false } },
         },
         plugins: {
-          legend: {
-            position: legendPosition,
-            onClick: function (e, item, legend) {
-              // Default toggle behaviour, then mirror into URL.
-              var ci = legend.chart;
-              var meta = ci.getDatasetMeta(item.datasetIndex);
-              meta.hidden = meta.hidden === null ? !ci.data.datasets[item.datasetIndex].hidden : null;
-              ci.update();
-              var hiddenSet = parseHiddenParam(new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("hidden"));
-              var label = item.text;
-              if (meta.hidden) hiddenSet[label] = true; else delete hiddenSet[label];
-              rewriteHiddenInUrl(hiddenSet);
-            },
-          },
+          legend: { position: legendPosition },
           tooltip: {
             enabled: false,
             external: externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host),
           },
+          // chartjs-plugin-zoom config — wheel-zoom is disabled because we
+          // want wheel-pan instead (handled by the canvas wheel listener
+          // below). Drag-pan and drag-rectangle-zoom are free.
+          zoom: {
+            zoom: {
+              wheel: { enabled: false },
+              drag: {
+                enabled: true,
+                backgroundColor: "rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.10)",
+              },
+              mode: "x",
+            },
+            pan: {
+              enabled: true,
+              mode: "x",
+              modifierKey: null,
+            },
+            limits: {
+              x: { min: 0, max: Math.max(0, labels.length - 1), minRange: 4 },
+            },
+          },
         },
       },
     });
+
     canvas.__bench_chart = chart;
+    attachWheelPan(canvas, chart);
     return chart;
   }
 
-  // Re-skin a chart from its current payload + url state. No fetch.
-  function rebuildChart(card, urlState) {
-    var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
-    var canvas = card.querySelector('canvas[data-chart-index="' + idx + '"]');
-    if (!canvas) return;
-    var chart = canvas.__bench_chart;
+  // Wheel = horizontal pan. Chart.js zoom plugin doesn't support wheel-pan
+  // out of the box (wheel is always zoom in its config), so we attach a
+  // `wheel` listener that translates `deltaY`/`deltaX` into `chart.pan`.
+  function attachWheelPan(canvas, chart) {
+    if (canvas.__bench_wheel_attached) return;
+    canvas.__bench_wheel_attached = true;
+    canvas.addEventListener("wheel", function (e) {
+      // Treat horizontal-wheel-or-shift+wheel as horizontal pan; otherwise
+      // also pan on plain vertical wheel so trackpad scroll-up/down moves
+      // through commit history without needing modifier keys.
+      var dx = (Math.abs(e.deltaX) > Math.abs(e.deltaY)) ? e.deltaX : e.deltaY;
+      if (!dx) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      // Pan negative deltaX → forward in time. Multiplier tuned for trackpad
+      // feel; fast wheels still travel quickly because we accumulate deltas
+      // through the plugin's pan handler.
+      chart.pan({ x: -dx * 0.5 }, undefined, "none");
+    }, { passive: false });
+  }
+
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Recompute helpers driven by the per-chart toolbar.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function visibleRange(commitCount, scope) {
+    if (commitCount <= 0) return { min: undefined, max: undefined };
+    var maxIdx = commitCount - 1;
+    if (scope === "all" || !Number.isFinite(scope) || scope <= 0 || scope >= commitCount) {
+      return { min: 0, max: maxIdx };
+    }
+    return { min: Math.max(0, maxIdx - (scope - 1)), max: maxIdx };
+  }
+
+  function applyScope(card, scopeValue) {
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+    var chart = canvas && canvas.__bench_chart;
+    if (!chart) return;
+    var commits = chart.data.labels.length;
+    var scope = scopeValue === "all" ? "all" : parseInt(scopeValue, 10);
+    canvas.__bench_state.scope = scope;
+    var range = visibleRange(commits, scope);
+    chart.options.scales.x.min = range.min;
+    chart.options.scales.x.max = range.max;
+    chart.update("none");
+    syncToolbarUi(card, "scope", String(scopeValue));
+  }
+
+  function applyY(card, yValue) {
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+    var chart = canvas && canvas.__bench_chart;
+    if (!chart) return;
+    canvas.__bench_state.y = yValue;
+    chart.options.scales.y.type = yValue === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear";
+    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = yValue !== "log"
+      && canvas.__bench_state.mode !== "rel";
+    chart.update("none");
+    syncToolbarUi(card, "y", yValue);
+  }
+
+  function applyMode(card, modeValue) {
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+    var chart = canvas && canvas.__bench_chart;
+    if (!chart) return;
+    canvas.__bench_state.mode = modeValue;
     var payload = canvas.__bench_payload;
-    if (!chart || !payload) return;
-
-    chart.data.labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
-    chart.data.datasets = buildDatasets(payload, urlState);
-    chart.options.scales.y.type = urlState.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear";
-    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = urlState.y !== "log" && urlState.mode !== "rel";
-    var t = yAxisTitle(payload, urlState);
-    chart.options.scales.y.title.display = !!t;
-    chart.options.scales.y.title.text = t;
+    chart.data.datasets = buildDatasets(payload, modeValue);
+    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = canvas.__bench_state.y !== "log"
+      && modeValue !== "rel";
+    chart.options.scales.y.title.text = yAxisTitle(payload, modeValue);
     chart.update("none");
+    syncToolbarUi(card, "mode", modeValue);
+  }
+
+  function syncToolbarUi(card, group, value) {
+    var attr = "data-" + group;
+    card.querySelectorAll(".toolbar-btn[" + attr + "]").forEach(function (b) {
+      b.classList.toggle("toolbar-btn--active", b.getAttribute(attr) === value);
+    });
+    if (group === "scope") {
+      var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
+      var label = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider-label"]');
+      if (label) label.textContent = value;
+      if (slider && /^\d+$/.test(value)) slider.value = value;
+    }
+  }
+
+  function bindToolbar(card) {
+    var toolbar = card.querySelector(".toolbar--card");
+    if (!toolbar || toolbar.__bench_bound) return;
+    toolbar.__bench_bound = true;
+
+    toolbar.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      var btn = e.target.closest(".toolbar-btn");
+      if (!btn || !toolbar.contains(btn)) return;
+      if (btn.hasAttribute("data-scope")) applyScope(card, btn.getAttribute("data-scope"));
+      else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-y")) applyY(card, btn.getAttribute("data-y"));
+      else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-mode")) applyMode(card, btn.getAttribute("data-mode"));
+    });
+
+    var slider = toolbar.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
+    var label = toolbar.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider-label"]');
+    if (slider) {
+      // `input` (continuous), throttled so dragging stays at ~60fps even on
+      // pages with dozens of charts. Last value still lands because
+      // `throttle` preserves the trailing call.
+      var throttled = throttle(function () {
+        if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
+        applyScope(card, slider.value);
+      }, ZOOM_THROTTLE_MS);
+      slider.addEventListener("input", throttled);
+    }
   }
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Loading + error overlays per card
+  // Lazy fetch on `<details>` toggle for closed-by-default groups.
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function setCardLoading(card, on) {
+  function fetchAndConstruct(card) {
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+    if (!canvas) return Promise.resolve();
+    if (canvas.__bench_chart) return Promise.resolve();
+    if (canvas.__bench_payload) {
+      constructChart(card);
+      bindToolbar(card);
+      return Promise.resolve();
+    }
+    var slug = card.getAttribute("data-chart-slug");
+    if (!slug) return Promise.resolve();
+    showCardLoading(card, true);
+    return fetch("/api/chart/" + encodeURIComponent(slug) + "?n=" + FETCH_N, {
+      headers: { "accept": "application/json" },
+    })
+      .then(function (r) {
+        if (r.status === 404) return null; // empty chart, leave the shell
+        if (!r.ok) throw new Error("HTTP " + r.status);
+        return r.json();
+      })
+      .then(function (payload) {
+        if (!payload) return;
+        canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
+        constructChart(card);
+        bindToolbar(card);
+      })
+      .catch(function (err) {
+        showCardError(card, "failed to load: " + (err && err.message ? err.message : err));
+      })
+      .then(function () { showCardLoading(card, false); });
+  }
+
+  function showCardLoading(card, on) {
     var existing = card.querySelector(".chart-loading");
     if (on) {
       if (existing) return;
@@ -377,187 +535,47 @@
     setTimeout(function () { if (el.parentNode) el.remove(); }, 4000);
   }
 
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Refetching when the commit window changes
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function refetchAll(urlState) {
-    var cards = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]");
-    if (!cards.length) return Promise.resolve();
-    var n = urlState.n || "";
-    var qs = n ? "?n=" + encodeURIComponent(n) : "";
-
-    var jobs = [];
-    cards.forEach(function (card) {
-      var slug = card.getAttribute("data-chart-slug");
-      var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
-      if (!slug || !canvas) return;
-      var prevPayload = canvas.__bench_payload;
-      setCardLoading(card, true);
-      var p = fetch("/api/chart/" + encodeURIComponent(slug) + qs, {
-        headers: { "accept": "application/json" },
-      })
-        .then(function (r) {
-          if (!r.ok) throw new Error("HTTP " + r.status);
-          return r.json();
-        })
-        .then(function (payload) {
-          canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
-          if (canvas.__bench_chart) {
-            rebuildChart(card, urlState);
-          }
-          // Else: chart not constructed yet; the IntersectionObserver path
-          // will read the new payload when the canvas eventually scrolls in.
-        })
-        .catch(function (err) {
-          if (prevPayload) canvas.__bench_payload = prevPayload;
-          showCardError(card, "failed to load: " + (err && err.message ? err.message : err));
-        })
-        .then(function () { setCardLoading(card, false); });
-      jobs.push(p);
-    });
-    return Promise.all(jobs);
-  }
-
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Toolbar wiring
-  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function updateToolbarActive(group, value) {
-    var attr = "data-" + group;
-    var btns = document.querySelectorAll(".toolbar-btn[" + attr + "]");
-    btns.forEach(function (b) {
-      var match = b.getAttribute(attr) === value;
-      b.classList.toggle("toolbar-btn--active", match);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function updateSubtitle(urlState, defaultN) {
-    var sub = document.querySelector(".page-header .subtitle");
-    if (!sub) return;
-    var base = sub.getAttribute("data-base") || sub.textContent.split(" · ")[0];
-    sub.setAttribute("data-base", base);
-    var bits = [base];
-    var n = urlState.n || String(defaultN || "");
-    if (n === "all") bits.push("all commits");
-    else if (n) bits.push("last " + n + " commits");
-    if (urlState.y === "log") bits.push("log");
-    if (urlState.mode === "rel") bits.push("rel");
-    sub.textContent = bits.join(" · ");
-  }
-
-  function updateSliderUi(value) {
-    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
-    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
-    if (slider && /^\d+$/.test(value)) slider.value = value;
-    if (label) label.textContent = value;
-  }
-
-  function applyScope(value, defaultN) {
-    var state = parseUrl();
-    state.n = value;
-    applyUrlState(state);
-    updateToolbarActive("scope", value);
-    updateSliderUi(value);
-    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
-    rewriteCardLinks();
-    refetchAll(state);
-  }
-
-  function applyY(value, defaultN) {
-    var state = parseUrl();
-    state.y = value;
-    applyUrlState(state);
-    updateToolbarActive("y", value);
-    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
-    rewriteCardLinks();
-    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]").forEach(function (card) {
-      rebuildChart(card, state);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function applyMode(value, defaultN) {
-    var state = parseUrl();
-    state.mode = value;
-    applyUrlState(state);
-    updateToolbarActive("mode", value);
-    updateSubtitle(state, defaultN);
-    rewriteCardLinks();
-    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]").forEach(function (card) {
-      rebuildChart(card, state);
-    });
-  }
-
-  // The chart-card title links carry the toolbar state in their query string
-  // so a click out to a permalink preserves the current view. After every
-  // toolbar change we rewrite them.
-  function rewriteCardLinks() {
-    var p = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-    var qs = p.toString();
-    var suffix = qs ? "?" + qs : "";
-    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card-title a[data-permalink]").forEach(function (a) {
-      a.setAttribute("href", a.getAttribute("data-permalink") + suffix);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function initToolbar(defaultN) {
-    var toolbar = document.querySelector(".toolbar");
-    if (!toolbar) return;
-
-    toolbar.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
-      var btn = e.target.closest(".toolbar-btn");
-      if (!btn || !toolbar.contains(btn)) return;
-      // Hijack the link; we update state in place.
-      e.preventDefault();
-      if (btn.hasAttribute("data-scope")) {
-        applyScope(btn.getAttribute("data-scope"), defaultN);
-      } else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-y")) {
-        applyY(btn.getAttribute("data-y"), defaultN);
-      } else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-mode")) {
-        applyMode(btn.getAttribute("data-mode"), defaultN);
-      }
-    });
-
-    var slider = document.getElementById("scope-slider");
-    var label = document.getElementById("scope-slider-label");
-    if (slider) {
-      slider.addEventListener("input", function () {
-        if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
-      });
-      slider.addEventListener("change", function () {
-        applyScope(slider.value, defaultN);
-      });
-    }
-  }
-
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Page wiring
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  function initCharts() {
-    var urlState = parseUrl();
+  function initOpenCharts() {
+    // Charts that arrive with inline JSON (`<script id="chart-data-N">`):
+    // construct them via IntersectionObserver as before so a long open page
+    // doesn't pay for offscreen Chart.js cost up front.
     var cards = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]");
     if (!cards.length) return;
 
+    var construct = function (card) {
+      // Skip cards inside closed `<details>` — they'll be picked up on
+      // toggle. The details element has `open` set when the user expands.
+      var details = card.closest("details");
+      if (details && !details.open) return;
+      if (constructChart(card)) bindToolbar(card);
+    };
+
     if (typeof IntersectionObserver === "undefined") {
-      cards.forEach(function (card) { constructChart(card, urlState); });
+      cards.forEach(construct);
     } else {
       var io = new IntersectionObserver(function (entries) {
         entries.forEach(function (entry) {
           if (entry.isIntersecting) {
-            constructChart(entry.target, parseUrl());
+            construct(entry.target);
             io.unobserve(entry.target);
           }
         });
       }, { rootMargin: "150px 0px" });
       cards.forEach(function (card) { io.observe(card); });
     }
+  }
 
-    // Tap-elsewhere closes any open external tooltip.
-    document.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
-      var hosts = document.querySelectorAll(".chart-tooltip-host");
-      hosts.forEach(function (host) {
-        if (!host.contains(e.target)) {
-          host.style.opacity = "0";
-          host.style.pointerEvents = "none";
-        }
+  function initDetailsToggle() {
+    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("details.group-details");
+    groups.forEach(function (d) {
+      d.addEventListener("toggle", function () {
+        if (!d.open) return;
+        d.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]").forEach(function (card) {
+          fetchAndConstruct(card);
+        });
       });
     });
   }
@@ -565,7 +583,7 @@
   function initLandingFilter() {
     var input = document.getElementById("group-search");
     if (!input) return;
-    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("section.group[data-group-name]");
+    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("details.group-details[data-group-name]");
     input.addEventListener("input", function () {
       var q = input.value.toLowerCase();
       groups.forEach(function (g) {
@@ -576,11 +594,9 @@
   }
 
   function init() {
-    var main = document.querySelector("main");
-    var defaultN = main && main.getAttribute("data-default-n");
     initLandingFilter();
-    initCharts();
-    initToolbar(defaultN);
+    initDetailsToggle();
+    initOpenCharts();
   }
 
   if (document.readyState === "loading") {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c7b6b45a51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/*!
+* chartjs-plugin-zoom v2.2.0
+* https://www.chartjs.org/chartjs-plugin-zoom/2.2.0/
+ * (c) 2016-2024 chartjs-plugin-zoom Contributors
+ * Released under the MIT License
+ */
+!function(t,n){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=n(require("chart.js"),require("hammerjs"),require("chart.js/helpers")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["chart.js","hammerjs","chart.js/helpers"],n):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).ChartZoom=n(t.Chart,t.Hammer,t.Chart.helpers)}(this,(function(t,n,e){"use strict";const o=t=>t&&t.enabled&&t.modifierKey,a=(t,n)=>t&&n[t+"Key"],i=(t,n)=>t&&!n[t+"Key"];function r(t,n,e){return void 0===t||("string"==typeof t?-1!==t.indexOf(n):"function"==typeof t&&-1!==t({chart:e}).indexOf(n))}function c(t,n){return"function"==typeof t&&(t=t({chart:n})),"string"==typeof t?{x:-1!==t.indexOf("x"),y:-1!==t.indexOf("y")}:{x:!1,y:!1}}function s(t,n,o){const{mode:a="xy",scaleMode:i,overScaleMode:r}=t||{},s=function({x:t,y:n},e){const o=e.scales,a=Object.keys(o);for(let e=0;e<a.length;e++){const i=o[a[e]];if(n>=i.top&&n<=i.bottom&&t>=i.left&&t<=i.right)return i}return null}(n,o),l=c(a,o),m=c(i,o);if(r){const t=c(r,o);for(const n of["x","y"])t[n]&&(m[n]=l[n],l[n]=!1)}if(s&&m[s.axis])return[s];const u=[];return e.each(o.scales,(function(t){l[t.axis]&&u.push(t)})),u}const l=new WeakMap;function m(t){let n=l.get(t);return n||(n={originalScaleLimits:{},updatedScaleLimits:{},handlers:{},panDelta:{},dragging:!1,panning:!1},l.set(t,n)),n}function u(t,n,e,o){const a=Math.max(0,Math.min(1,(t-n)/e||0));return{min:o*a,max:o*(1-a)}}function d(t,n){const e=t.isHorizontal()?n.x:n.y;return t.getValueForPixel(e)}function f(t,n,e){const o=t.max-t.min,a=o*(n-1);return u(d(t,e),t.min,o,a)}function p(t,n,o,a,i){let r=o[a];if("original"===r){const o=t.originalScaleLimits[n.id][a];r=e.valueOrDefault(o.options,o.scale)}return e.valueOrDefault(r,i)}function h(t,{min:n,max:o},a,i=!1){const r=m(t.chart),{options:c}=t,s=function(t,n){return n&&(n[t.id]||n[t.axis])||{}}(t,a),{minRange:l=0}=s,u=p(r,t,s,"min",-1/0),d=p(r,t,s,"max",1/0);if("pan"===i&&(n<u||o>d))return!0;const f=t.max-t.min,h=i?Math.max(o-n,l):f;if(i&&h===l&&f<=l)return!0;const g=function(t,{min:n,max:o,minLimit:a,maxLimit:i},r){const c=(t-o+n)/2;n-=c,o+=c;const s=r.min.options??r.min.scale,l=r.max.options??r.max.scale,m=t/1e6;return e.almostEquals(n,s,m)&&(n=s),e.almostEquals(o,l,m)&&(o=l),n<a?(n=a,o=Math.min(a+t,i)):o>i&&(o=i,n=Math.max(i-t,a)),{min:n,max:o}}(h,{min:n,max:o,minLimit:u,maxLimit:d},r.originalScaleLimits[t.id]);return c.min=g.min,c.max=g.max,r.updatedScaleLimits[t.id]=g,t.parse(g.min)!==t.min||t.parse(g.max)!==t.max}const g=t=>0===t||isNaN(t)?0:t<0?Math.min(Math.round(t),-1):Math.max(Math.round(t),1);const x={second:500,minute:3e4,hour:18e5,day:432e5,week:3024e5,month:1296e6,quarter:5184e6,year:157248e5};function b(t,n,e,o=!1){const{min:a,max:i,options:r}=t,c=r.time&&r.time.round,s=x[c]||0,l=t.getValueForPixel(t.getPixelForValue(a+s)-n),m=t.getValueForPixel(t.getPixelForValue(i+s)-n);return!(!isNaN(l)&&!isNaN(m))||h(t,{min:l,max:m},e,!!o&&"pan")}function y(t,n,e){return b(t,n,e,!0)}const v={category:function(t,n,e,o){const a=f(t,n,e);return t.min===t.max&&n<1&&function(t){const n=t.getLabels().length-1;t.min>0&&(t.min-=1),t.max<n&&(t.max+=1)}(t),h(t,{min:t.min+g(a.min),max:t.max-g(a.max)},o,!0)},default:function(t,n,e,o){const a=f(t,n,e);return h(t,{min:t.min+a.min,max:t.max-a.max},o,!0)},logarithmic:function(t,n,e,o){const a=function(t,n,e){const o=d(t,e);if(void 0===o)return{min:t.min,max:t.max};const a=Math.log10(t.min),i=Math.log10(t.max),r=i-a,c=u(Math.log10(o),a,r,r*(n-1));return{min:Math.pow(10,a+c.min),max:Math.pow(10,i-c.max)}}(t,n,e);return h(t,a,o,!0)}},w={default:function(t,n,e,o){h(t,function(t,n,e){const o=t.getValueForPixel(n),a=t.getValueForPixel(e);return{min:Math.min(o,a),max:Math.max(o,a)}}(t,n,e),o,!0)}},z={category:function(t,n,e){const o=t.getLabels().length-1;let{min:a,max:i}=t;const r=Math.max(i-a,1),c=Math.round(function(t){return t.isHorizontal()?t.width:t.height}(t)/Math.max(r,10)),s=Math.round(Math.abs(n/c));let l;return n<-c?(i=Math.min(i+s,o),a=1===r?i:i-r,l=i===o):n>c&&(a=Math.max(0,a-s),i=1===r?a:a+r,l=0===a),h(t,{min:a,max:i},e)||l},default:b,logarithmic:y,timeseries:y};function M(t,n){e.each(t,((e,o)=>{n[o]||delete t[o]}))}function k(t,n){const{scales:o}=t,{originalScaleLimits:a,updatedScaleLimits:i}=n;return e.each(o,(function(t){(function(t,n,e){const{id:o,options:{min:a,max:i}}=t;if(!n[o]||!e[o])return!0;const r=e[o];return r.min!==a||r.max!==i})(t,a,i)&&(a[t.id]={min:{scale:t.min,options:t.options.min},max:{scale:t.max,options:t.options.max}})})),M(a,o),M(i,o),a}function S(t,n,o,a){const i=v[t.type]||v.default;e.callback(i,[t,n,o,a])}function P(t,n,o,a){const i=w[t.type]||w.default;e.callback(i,[t,n,o,a])}function D(t){const n=t.chartArea;return{x:(n.left+n.right)/2,y:(n.top+n.bottom)/2}}function C(t,n,o="none",a="api"){const{x:i=1,y:r=1,focalPoint:c=D(t)}="number"==typeof n?{x:n,y:n}:n,l=m(t),{options:{limits:u,zoom:d}}=l;k(t,l);const f=1!==i,p=1!==r,h=s(d,c,t);e.each(h||t.scales,(function(t){t.isHorizontal()&&f?S(t,i,c,u):!t.isHorizontal()&&p&&S(t,r,c,u)})),t.update(o),e.callback(d.onZoom,[{chart:t,trigger:a}])}function Z(t,n,o,a="none",i="api"){const c=m(t),{options:{limits:s,zoom:l}}=c,{mode:u="xy"}=l;k(t,c);const d=r(u,"x",t),f=r(u,"y",t);e.each(t.scales,(function(t){t.isHorizontal()&&d?P(t,n.x,o.x,s):!t.isHorizontal()&&f&&P(t,n.y,o.y,s)})),t.update(a),e.callback(l.onZoom,[{chart:t,trigger:i}])}function j(t){const n=m(t);let o=1,a=1;return e.each(t.scales,(function(t){const i=function(t,n){const o=t.originalScaleLimits[n];if(!o)return;const{min:a,max:i}=o;return e.valueOrDefault(i.options,i.scale)-e.valueOrDefault(a.options,a.scale)}(n,t.id);if(i){const n=Math.round(i/(t.max-t.min)*100)/100;o=Math.min(o,n),a=Math.max(a,n)}})),o<1?o:a}function L(t,n,o,a){const{panDelta:i}=a,r=i[t.id]||0;e.sign(r)===e.sign(n)&&(n+=r);const c=z[t.type]||z.default;e.callback(c,[t,n,o])?i[t.id]=0:i[t.id]=n}function O(t,n,o,a="none"){const{x:i=0,y:r=0}="number"==typeof n?{x:n,y:n}:n,c=m(t),{options:{pan:s,limits:l}}=c,{onPan:u}=s||{};k(t,c);const d=0!==i,f=0!==r;e.each(o||t.scales,(function(t){t.isHorizontal()&&d?L(t,i,l,c):!t.isHorizontal()&&f&&L(t,r,l,c)})),t.update(a),e.callback(u,[{chart:t}])}function R(t){const n=m(t);k(t,n);const e={};for(const o of Object.keys(t.scales)){const{min:t,max:a}=n.originalScaleLimits[o]||{min:{},max:{}};e[o]={min:t.scale,max:a.scale}}return e}function E(t){const n=m(t);return n.panning||n.dragging}const F=(t,n,e)=>Math.min(e,Math.max(n,t));function N(t,n){const{handlers:e}=m(t),o=e[n];o&&o.target&&(o.target.removeEventListener(n,o),delete e[n])}function A(t,n,e,o){const{handlers:a,options:i}=m(t),r=a[e];if(r&&r.target===n)return;N(t,e),a[e]=n=>o(t,n,i),a[e].target=n;const c="wheel"!==e&&void 0;n.addEventListener(e,a[e],{passive:c})}function H(t,n){const e=m(t);e.dragStart&&(e.dragging=!0,e.dragEnd=n,t.update("none"))}function T(t,n){const e=m(t);e.dragStart&&"Escape"===n.key&&(N(t,"keydown"),e.dragging=!1,e.dragStart=e.dragEnd=null,t.update("none"))}function Y(t,n){if(t.target!==n.canvas){const e=n.canvas.getBoundingClientRect();return{x:t.clientX-e.left,y:t.clientY-e.top}}return e.getRelativePosition(t,n)}function q(t,n,o){const{onZoomStart:a,onZoomRejected:i}=o;if(a){const o=Y(n,t);if(!1===e.callback(a,[{chart:t,event:n,point:o}]))return e.callback(i,[{chart:t,event:n}]),!1}}function V(t,n){if(t.legend){const o=e.getRelativePosition(n,t);if(e._isPointInArea(o,t.legend))return}const r=m(t),{pan:c,zoom:s={}}=r.options;if(0!==n.button||a(o(c),n)||i(o(s.drag),n))return e.callback(s.onZoomRejected,[{chart:t,event:n}]);!1!==q(t,n,s)&&(r.dragStart=n,A(t,t.canvas.ownerDocument,"mousemove",H),A(t,window.document,"keydown",T))}function X(t,n,e,{min:o,max:a,prop:i}){t[o]=F(Math.min(e.begin[i],e.end[i]),n[o],n[a]),t[a]=F(Math.max(e.begin[i],e.end[i]),n[o],n[a])}function B(t,n,e){const o={begin:Y(n.dragStart,t),end:Y(n.dragEnd,t)};if(e){!function({begin:t,end:n},e){let o=n.x-t.x,a=n.y-t.y;const i=Math.abs(o/a);i>e?o=Math.sign(o)*Math.abs(a*e):i<e&&(a=Math.sign(a)*Math.abs(o/e)),n.x=t.x+o,n.y=t.y+a}(o,t.chartArea.width/t.chartArea.height)}return o}function K(t,n,e,o){const a=r(n,"x",t),i=r(n,"y",t),{top:c,left:s,right:l,bottom:m,width:u,height:d}=t.chartArea,f={top:c,left:s,right:l,bottom:m},p=B(t,e,o&&a&&i);a&&X(f,t.chartArea,p,{min:"left",max:"right",prop:"x"}),i&&X(f,t.chartArea,p,{min:"top",max:"bottom",prop:"y"});const h=f.right-f.left,g=f.bottom-f.top;return{...f,width:h,height:g,zoomX:a&&h?1+(u-h)/u:1,zoomY:i&&g?1+(d-g)/d:1}}function W(t,n){const o=m(t);if(!o.dragStart)return;N(t,"mousemove");const{mode:a,onZoomComplete:i,drag:{threshold:c=0,maintainAspectRatio:s}}=o.options.zoom,l=K(t,a,{dragStart:o.dragStart,dragEnd:n},s),u=r(a,"x",t)?l.width:0,d=r(a,"y",t)?l.height:0,f=Math.sqrt(u*u+d*d);if(o.dragStart=o.dragEnd=null,f<=c)return o.dragging=!1,void t.update("none");Z(t,{x:l.left,y:l.top},{x:l.right,y:l.bottom},"zoom","drag"),o.dragging=!1,o.filterNextClick=!0,e.callback(i,[{chart:t}])}function I(t,n){const{handlers:{onZoomComplete:a},options:{zoom:r}}=m(t);if(!function(t,n,a){if(i(o(a.wheel),n))e.callback(a.onZoomRejected,[{chart:t,event:n}]);else if(!1!==q(t,n,a)&&(n.cancelable&&n.preventDefault(),void 0!==n.deltaY))return!0}(t,n,r))return;const c=n.target.getBoundingClientRect(),s=r.wheel.speed,l=n.deltaY>=0?2-1/(1-s):1+s;C(t,{x:l,y:l,focalPoint:{x:n.clientX-c.left,y:n.clientY-c.top}},"zoom","wheel"),e.callback(a,[{chart:t}])}function U(t,n,o,a){o&&(m(t).handlers[n]=function(t,n){let e;return function(){return clearTimeout(e),e=setTimeout(t,n),n}}((()=>e.callback(o,[{chart:t}])),a))}function _(t,n){return function(r,c){const{pan:s,zoom:l={}}=n.options;if(!s||!s.enabled)return!1;const m=c&&c.srcEvent;return!m||(!(!n.panning&&"mouse"===c.pointerType&&(i(o(s),m)||a(o(l.drag),m)))||(e.callback(s.onPanRejected,[{chart:t,event:c}]),!1))}}function G(t,n,e){if(n.scale){const{center:o,pointers:a}=e,i=1/n.scale*e.scale,c=e.target.getBoundingClientRect(),s=function(t,n){const e=Math.abs(t.clientX-n.clientX),o=Math.abs(t.clientY-n.clientY),a=e/o;let i,r;return a>.3&&a<1.7?i=r=!0:e>o?i=!0:r=!0,{x:i,y:r}}(a[0],a[1]),l=n.options.zoom.mode;C(t,{x:s.x&&r(l,"x",t)?i:1,y:s.y&&r(l,"y",t)?i:1,focalPoint:{x:o.x-c.left,y:o.y-c.top}},"zoom","pinch"),n.scale=e.scale}}function J(t,n,e){const o=n.delta;o&&(n.panning=!0,O(t,{x:e.deltaX-o.x,y:e.deltaY-o.y},n.panScales),n.delta={x:e.deltaX,y:e.deltaY})}const Q=new WeakMap;function $(t,o){const a=m(t),i=t.canvas,{pan:r,zoom:c}=o,l=new n.Manager(i);c&&c.pinch.enabled&&(l.add(new n.Pinch),l.on("pinchstart",(n=>function(t,n,o){if(n.options.zoom.pinch.enabled){const a=e.getRelativePosition(o,t);!1===e.callback(n.options.zoom.onZoomStart,[{chart:t,event:o,point:a}])?(n.scale=null,e.callback(n.options.zoom.onZoomRejected,[{chart:t,event:o}])):n.scale=1}}(t,a,n))),l.on("pinch",(n=>G(t,a,n))),l.on("pinchend",(n=>function(t,n,o){n.scale&&(G(t,n,o),n.scale=null,e.callback(n.options.zoom.onZoomComplete,[{chart:t}]))}(t,a,n)))),r&&r.enabled&&(l.add(new n.Pan({threshold:r.threshold,enable:_(t,a)})),l.on("panstart",(n=>function(t,n,o){const{enabled:a,onPanStart:i,onPanRejected:r}=n.options.pan;if(!a)return;const c=o.target.getBoundingClientRect(),l={x:o.center.x-c.left,y:o.center.y-c.top};if(!1===e.callback(i,[{chart:t,event:o,point:l}]))return e.callback(r,[{chart:t,event:o}]);n.panScales=s(n.options.pan,l,t),n.delta={x:0,y:0},J(t,n,o)}(t,a,n))),l.on("panmove",(n=>J(t,a,n))),l.on("panend",(()=>function(t,n){n.delta=null,n.panning&&(n.panning=!1,n.filterNextClick=!0,e.callback(n.options.pan.onPanComplete,[{chart:t}]))}(t,a)))),Q.set(t,l)}function tt(t){const n=Q.get(t);n&&(n.remove("pinchstart"),n.remove("pinch"),n.remove("pinchend"),n.remove("panstart"),n.remove("pan"),n.remove("panend"),n.destroy(),Q.delete(t))}function nt(t,n,e){const o=e.zoom.drag,{dragStart:a,dragEnd:i}=m(t);if(o.drawTime!==n||!i)return;const{left:r,top:c,width:s,height:l}=K(t,e.zoom.mode,{dragStart:a,dragEnd:i},o.maintainAspectRatio),u=t.ctx;u.save(),u.beginPath(),u.fillStyle=o.backgroundColor||"rgba(225,225,225,0.3)",u.fillRect(r,c,s,l),o.borderWidth>0&&(u.lineWidth=o.borderWidth,u.strokeStyle=o.borderColor||"rgba(225,225,225)",u.strokeRect(r,c,s,l)),u.restore()}var et={id:"zoom",version:"2.2.0",defaults:{pan:{enabled:!1,mode:"xy",threshold:10,modifierKey:null},zoom:{wheel:{enabled:!1,speed:.1,modifierKey:null},drag:{enabled:!1,drawTime:"beforeDatasetsDraw",modifierKey:null},pinch:{enabled:!1},mode:"xy"}},start:function(t,o,a){m(t).options=a,Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a.zoom,"enabled")&&console.warn("The option `zoom.enabled` is no longer supported. Please use `zoom.wheel.enabled`, `zoom.drag.enabled`, or `zoom.pinch.enabled`."),(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a.zoom,"overScaleMode")||Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a.pan,"overScaleMode"))&&console.warn("The option `overScaleMode` is deprecated. Please use `scaleMode` instead (and update `mode` as desired)."),n&&$(t,a),t.pan=(n,e,o)=>O(t,n,e,o),t.zoom=(n,e)=>C(t,n,e),t.zoomRect=(n,e,o)=>Z(t,n,e,o),t.zoomScale=(n,o,a)=>function(t,n,o,a="none",i="api"){const r=m(t);k(t,r),h(t.scales[n],o,void 0,!0),t.update(a),e.callback(r.options.zoom?.onZoom,[{chart:t,trigger:i}])}(t,n,o,a),t.resetZoom=n=>function(t,n="default"){const o=m(t),a=k(t,o);e.each(t.scales,(function(t){const n=t.options;a[t.id]?(n.min=a[t.id].min.options,n.max=a[t.id].max.options):(delete n.min,delete n.max),delete o.updatedScaleLimits[t.id]})),t.update(n),e.callback(o.options.zoom.onZoomComplete,[{chart:t}])}(t,n),t.getZoomLevel=()=>j(t),t.getInitialScaleBounds=()=>R(t),t.getZoomedScaleBounds=()=>function(t){const n=m(t),e={};for(const o of Object.keys(t.scales))e[o]=n.updatedScaleLimits[o];return e}(t),t.isZoomedOrPanned=()=>function(t){const n=R(t);for(const e of Object.keys(t.scales)){const{min:o,max:a}=n[e];if(void 0!==o&&t.scales[e].min!==o)return!0;if(void 0!==a&&t.scales[e].max!==a)return!0}return!1}(t),t.isZoomingOrPanning=()=>E(t)},beforeEvent(t,{event:n}){if(E(t))return!1;if("click"===n.type||"mouseup"===n.type){const n=m(t);if(n.filterNextClick)return n.filterNextClick=!1,!1}},beforeUpdate:function(t,n,e){const o=m(t),a=o.options;o.options=e,function(t,n){const{pan:e,zoom:o}=t,{pan:a,zoom:i}=n;return o?.zoom?.pinch?.enabled!==i?.zoom?.pinch?.enabled||e?.enabled!==a?.enabled||e?.threshold!==a?.threshold}(a,e)&&(tt(t),$(t,e)),function(t,n){const e=t.canvas,{wheel:o,drag:a,onZoomComplete:i}=n.zoom;o.enabled?(A(t,e,"wheel",I),U(t,"onZoomComplete",i,250)):N(t,"wheel"),a.enabled?(A(t,e,"mousedown",V),A(t,e.ownerDocument,"mouseup",W)):(N(t,"mousedown"),N(t,"mousemove"),N(t,"mouseup"),N(t,"keydown"))}(t,e)},beforeDatasetsDraw(t,n,e){nt(t,"beforeDatasetsDraw",e)},afterDatasetsDraw(t,n,e){nt(t,"afterDatasetsDraw",e)},beforeDraw(t,n,e){nt(t,"beforeDraw",e)},afterDraw(t,n,e){nt(t,"afterDraw",e)},stop:function(t){!function(t){N(t,"mousedown"),N(t,"mousemove"),N(t,"mouseup"),N(t,"wheel"),N(t,"click"),N(t,"keydown")}(t),n&&tt(t),function(t){l.delete(t)}(t)},panFunctions:z,zoomFunctions:v,zoomRectFunctions:w};return t.Chart.register(et),et}));
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index d96a62bc7d6..a72f6c09e3c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ main {
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Landing page
+ * Landing page — collapsible groups
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 .landing-search {
   margin-bottom: 1rem;
@@ -89,87 +89,95 @@ main {
   font: inherit;
 }
 
-.group {
-  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
+.group-details {
+  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
   border-radius: 6px;
   background: var(--card-bg);
-  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
+  overflow: clip;
 }
-.group h2 {
-  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
-  font-size: 1rem;
-  font-weight: 600;
-  color: var(--fg);
-}
-.group .group-link {
-  color: var(--fg);
-}
-.group .group-link:hover {
-  color: var(--accent);
+.group-details[open] {
+  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
 }
-
-.charts {
+.group-summary {
   list-style: none;
-  margin: 0;
-  padding: 0;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
   display: flex;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-  gap: 0.4rem;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+  user-select: none;
 }
-.charts li { margin: 0; }
-.charts a {
+.group-summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
+.group-summary::before {
+  content: "▶";
   display: inline-block;
-  padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
+  width: 0.85rem;
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  transition: transform 120ms ease;
+}
+.group-details[open] > .group-summary::before {
+  transform: rotate(90deg);
+}
+.group-summary:hover { background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 0.06); }
+.group-name {
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-size: 0.95rem;
+}
+.group-count {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 4px;
-  background: var(--bg);
-  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  padding: 0.05rem 0.45rem;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+.group-details > .chart-grid {
+  padding: 0 0.75rem;
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Toolbar
+ * Per-chart toolbar (`.toolbar.toolbar--card`)
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-.toolbar {
+.toolbar--card {
   display: flex;
   flex-wrap: wrap;
-  gap: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  gap: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
   align-items: center;
-  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
-  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  padding: 0.4rem 0.5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 6px;
-  background: var(--card-bg);
-  position: sticky;
-  top: 0;
-  z-index: 10;
-  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(140%) blur(6px);
-  backdrop-filter: saturate(140%) blur(6px);
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
 }
 .toolbar-group {
   display: flex;
   flex-wrap: wrap;
   align-items: center;
-  gap: 0.35rem;
+  gap: 0.25rem;
 }
 .toolbar-label {
   color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
   text-transform: uppercase;
   letter-spacing: 0.04em;
-  margin-right: 0.25rem;
+  margin-right: 0.15rem;
 }
 .toolbar-btn {
   display: inline-flex;
   align-items: center;
   justify-content: center;
-  min-height: 32px;
-  padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
+  min-height: 24px;
+  padding: 0.1rem 0.5rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 4px;
+  border-radius: 3px;
   background: var(--bg);
   color: var(--fg);
-  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
+  font-family: inherit;
+  cursor: pointer;
   text-decoration: none;
 }
 .toolbar-btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
@@ -179,16 +187,17 @@ main {
   color: var(--accent-fg);
 }
 .toolbar-btn--active:hover { color: var(--accent-fg); }
+.toolbar-slider {
+  width: 6.5rem;
+  accent-color: var(--accent);
+}
 .toolbar-slider-label {
   font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
-  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
   color: var(--muted);
-  min-width: 2.5rem;
+  min-width: 2.2rem;
   text-align: right;
 }
-#scope-slider {
-  width: 9rem;
-}
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Single-chart + group-page chart card
@@ -211,10 +220,10 @@ main {
   border-radius: 6px;
   background: var(--card-bg);
   padding: 0.75rem 1rem 1rem;
-  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
 }
 .chart-card-title {
-  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
+  margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
   font-size: 0.95rem;
   font-weight: 600;
 }
@@ -224,7 +233,7 @@ main {
 .chart-grid {
   display: grid;
   grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(420px, 1fr));
-  gap: 1rem;
+  gap: 0.75rem;
 }
 
 .chart-wrap {
@@ -252,7 +261,7 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
   font-size: 0.875rem;
 }
 
-/* Per-card loading + error indicators for in-place toolbar refetches. */
+/* Per-card loading + error indicators (lazy-fetch on details toggle). */
 .chart-loading,
 .chart-error {
   position: absolute;
@@ -272,13 +281,19 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
 .chart-error {
   background: var(--bad);
   color: var(--accent-fg);
-  pointer-events: auto;
   max-width: 18rem;
   white-space: normal;
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Custom external tooltip
+ *
+ * `pointer-events: none` is intentional and load-bearing: previously this
+ * was flipped to `auto` while visible, which caused a flicker loop where
+ * the cursor would land on the tooltip → mouseout fires on the canvas →
+ * tooltip hides → cursor lands on the canvas → tooltip shows. The cost is
+ * that links inside the tooltip are no longer clickable; the chart-card
+ * title already links to the permalink.
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 .chart-tooltip-host {
   position: absolute;
@@ -295,8 +310,9 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
   line-height: 1.35;
   max-width: 22rem;
   box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
-  transform: translate(-50%, calc(-100% - 12px));
-  transition: opacity 100ms;
+  /* default offset; chart-init.js flips horizontally near the right edge */
+  transform: translate(12px, 12px);
+  transition: opacity 80ms;
 }
 .tt-title {
   font-weight: 600;
@@ -348,32 +364,23 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
   white-space: normal;
   font-style: italic;
 }
-.tt-link {
-  color: #93c5fd;
-  font-size: 0.78rem;
-}
-.tt-link:hover { color: #c7e0ff; }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Mobile
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
   main { padding: 1rem; }
-  .toolbar {
-    padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
-    gap: 0.5rem 0.85rem;
+  .toolbar--card {
+    gap: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
+    padding: 0.4rem 0.45rem;
   }
   .toolbar-btn {
-    min-height: 40px;
-    padding: 0.4rem 0.85rem;
-    font-size: 0.95rem;
+    min-height: 32px;
+    padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
+    font-size: 0.85rem;
   }
-  #scope-slider { width: 100%; flex: 1 1 auto; }
-  .chart-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.75rem; }
+  .toolbar-slider { width: 100%; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 6rem; }
+  .chart-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.5rem; }
   .chart-wrap { height: 260px; }
   main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap { height: 360px; }
-  .group {
-    padding: 0.75rem 0.85rem;
-  }
-  .charts a { padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem; min-height: 32px; }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index ef9dea72bc4..43792a5a417 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="100"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear" data-y="linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log" data-y="log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs" data-mode="abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel" data-mode="rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index b5037adfe32..135e2603d94 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 [nvme] · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="100"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;y=linear" data-y="linear">linear</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;y=log" data-y="log">log</a></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100&amp;mode=abs" data-mode="abs">absolute</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=100&amp;mode=rel" data-mode="rel">% of baseline</a></div></nav><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9?n=100" data-permalink="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 27e2653f83d..3446f2c0d84 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha) · last 100 commits</p></header><main data-default-n="50"><nav class="toolbar" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Commit window"><span class="toolbar-label">Scope</span><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=25" data-scope="25">25</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=50" data-scope="50">50</a><a class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=100" data-scope="100">100</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=250" data-scope="250">250</a><a class="toolbar-btn" href="?n=all" data-scope="all">all</a><input id="scope-slider" type="range" min="5" max="500" step="5" value="100" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span 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data-permalink="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-2" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch-lineitem","unit":"bytes","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third 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12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><h2><a class="group-link" href="/group/vsg.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoR3JvdXAiLCJkYXRhc2V0IjoiY29oZXJlLWxhcmdlLTEwbSIsImxheW91dCI6InBhcnRpdGlvbmVkIn0?n=100">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</a></h2><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0?n=100" data-permalink="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-4" type="application/json">{"display_name":"cohere-large-10m / partitioned (threshold=0.75)","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"vortex-turboquant":[7000.0,57000.0,107000.0]}}</script></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><div class="landing-search"><input id="group-search" type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-1" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-2" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-3" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-4" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div></section></div></details><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 8618cdf7bb3..45dc68e31d7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 //!
 //! Builds a temp DuckDB via the same `/api/ingest` path real callers use,
 //! seeds it with a multi-commit fixture so chart series have more than one
-//! point, then snapshots the rendered HTML for both routes plus a chart slug
+//! point, then snapshots the rendered HTML for each route plus a chart slug
 //! round-trip.
 
 use std::net::SocketAddr;
@@ -193,16 +193,54 @@ fn insta_settings() -> insta::Settings {
     s
 }
 
+/// Lift a single chart slug from `/api/groups`, picking from a group whose
+/// name matches `predicate`. Used by tests that need a real slug to drive
+/// `/chart/{slug}` and `/api/chart/{slug}` round-trips.
+async fn pick_chart_slug(server: &Server, predicate: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> Result<String> {
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(|s| predicate(s)))
+        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
+        .and_then(|c| c.first())
+        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
+        .map(str::to_string)
+        .context("matching chart slug")
+}
+
+async fn pick_group_slug(server: &Server, predicate: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> Result<String> {
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(|s| predicate(s)))
+        .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
+        .map(str::to_string)
+        .context("matching group slug")
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    // Pin ?n=100 so the snapshot doesn't change when the landing default
-    // (50) is tweaked. The `landing_page_default_window` test below covers
-    // the default explicitly.
-    let resp = client.get(server.url("/?n=100")).send().await?;
+    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
     let content_type = resp
         .headers()
@@ -215,19 +253,18 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     );
     let body = resp.text().await?;
 
-    // Phase 2: every chart is rendered inline on the landing page, so the
-    // page must contain at least one `<canvas>` plus a matching JSON payload.
+    // Inline canvas + chart-data-0 from the open-by-default first group.
     assert!(
         body.contains("<canvas"),
         "landing page must render at least one <canvas>"
     );
     assert!(
         body.contains(r#"id="chart-data-0""#),
-        "landing page must inline at least one chart payload"
+        "the open-by-default first group must inline its chart payload"
     );
     assert!(
         body.contains(r#"data-chart-slug="#),
-        "landing page chart cards must carry data-chart-slug for in-place refetch"
+        "every chart card carries data-chart-slug for the lazy-fetch path"
     );
 
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
@@ -236,63 +273,121 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// Without `?n=` the landing page defaults to last-50 commits (cheap by
-/// default), distinct from the 100-commit default of `/chart` and `/group`.
+/// The first `<details>` group is rendered with the `open` attribute; every
+/// other group lacks it, so the user sees only the first group's charts on
+/// first paint.
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn landing_page_default_window() -> Result<()> {
+async fn details_first_group_open_others_closed() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let resp = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?;
-    assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
-    let body = resp.text().await?;
+    let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
+
+    let opens: Vec<_> = body
+        .match_indices("<details")
+        .map(|(i, _)| {
+            let tag_end = body[i..].find('>').map(|p| i + p).unwrap_or(i);
+            body[i..=tag_end].contains(" open")
+        })
+        .collect();
+    assert!(!opens.is_empty(), "landing page must render <details>");
+    assert!(opens[0], "first group must be open");
+    for (i, is_open) in opens.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
+        assert!(!is_open, "group #{i} must be closed by default");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Every `.chart-card` carries a `.toolbar.toolbar--card` so the user has
+/// per-chart controls. There is no page-level toolbar.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
+
+    let card_count = body.matches(r#"<section class="chart-card""#).count();
+    let toolbar_count = body.matches(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#).count();
+    assert!(card_count > 0, "landing page must render chart cards");
+    assert_eq!(
+        toolbar_count, card_count,
+        "every chart-card must contain a toolbar--card ({card_count} cards / {toolbar_count} toolbars)"
+    );
 
+    // Same invariant on /chart/{slug}.
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
+    let body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
     assert!(
-        body.contains("last 50 commits"),
-        "landing page subtitle should reflect the n=50 default"
+        body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
+        "chart page must carry a per-chart toolbar"
     );
-    // The toolbar should highlight `50` (data-scope) as active.
+
+    // Same invariant on /group/{slug}.
+    let group_slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
+    let body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{group_slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
     assert!(
-        body.contains(r#"toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=50""#)
-            || body.contains(r#"toolbar-btn--active" href="?n=50&"#),
-        "landing toolbar should mark scope=50 active by default"
+        body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
+        "group page must carry per-chart toolbars"
     );
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Landing-page `<details>` summaries appear in the canonical v2 order: the
+/// fixture seeds Random Access, Compression, Compression Size, TPC-H, and a
+/// vector-search group. The first three are in [`api::GROUP_ORDER`] in the
+/// expected positions; TPC-H follows; the unknown vector-search group sorts
+/// last (alphabetical fallback after the listed names).
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn landing_groups_render_in_v2_order() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
+
+    // Extract group names in render order from the `data-group-name=` attrs.
+    let mut names = Vec::new();
+    for window in body.split("data-group-name=\"").skip(1) {
+        if let Some(end) = window.find('"') {
+            names.push(window[..end].to_string());
+        }
+    }
+    let expected = [
+        "Random Access",
+        "Compression",
+        "Compression Size",
+        "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)",
+        "cohere-large-10m / partitioned",
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(names, expected, "v2 ordering");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    // Pick the query_measurements chart: it has two series (engine:format
-    // combinations) so the snapshot exercises multi-series rendering.
-    let groups: Value = client
-        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    let slug = groups["groups"]
-        .as_array()
-        .context("groups is array")?
-        .iter()
-        .find(|g| {
-            g["name"]
-                .as_str()
-                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
-                .unwrap_or(false)
-        })
-        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
-        .and_then(|c| c.first())
-        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
-        .context("tpch chart slug")?
-        .to_string();
+    // The query_measurements chart has two series so the snapshot
+    // exercises multi-series rendering.
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
     let resp = client
-        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}?n=100")))
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{slug}")))
         .send()
         .await?;
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
@@ -306,8 +401,12 @@ async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         "Chart.js must be referenced from the static asset route"
     );
     assert!(
-        body.contains("class=\"toolbar\""),
-        "toolbar must be rendered on chart page"
+        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js""#),
+        "zoom plugin must be loaded for /chart pages"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
+        "per-chart toolbar must be rendered on chart page"
     );
 
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
@@ -322,29 +421,10 @@ async fn group_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     seed(&server).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let groups: Value = client
-        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    let slug = groups["groups"]
-        .as_array()
-        .context("groups is array")?
-        .iter()
-        .find(|g| {
-            g["name"]
-                .as_str()
-                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
-                .unwrap_or(false)
-        })
-        .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
-        .context("tpch group slug")?
-        .to_string();
+    let slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
-    // Pin ?n=100 so snapshot output is stable as the default changes.
     let resp = client
-        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{slug}?n=100")))
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{slug}")))
         .send()
         .await?;
     assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200);
@@ -354,8 +434,8 @@ async fn group_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         "group page must embed at least one chart payload inline"
     );
     assert!(
-        body.contains("class=\"toolbar\""),
-        "toolbar must be rendered on group page"
+        body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
+        "per-chart toolbar must be rendered on group page"
     );
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
         insta::assert_snapshot!("group_page_query", body);
@@ -368,27 +448,9 @@ async fn group_api_returns_charts() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let groups: Value = client
-        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    let slug = groups["groups"]
-        .as_array()
-        .context("groups is array")?
-        .iter()
-        .find(|g| {
-            g["name"]
-                .as_str()
-                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
-                .unwrap_or(false)
-        })
-        .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
-        .context("tpch group slug")?
-        .to_string();
+    let slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
     let resp = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/group/{slug}")))
         .send()
@@ -411,37 +473,16 @@ async fn group_api_returns_charts() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// `GET /api/chart/{slug}` returns the same JSON shape that the HTML pages
-/// inline as `<script id="chart-data-N">`. Phase 1 wires this endpoint up as
-/// the in-place refetch target for the toolbar.
+/// `GET /api/chart/{slug}` returns the JSON shape the chart-init.js fetches
+/// on lazy-load (closed-by-default `<details>` groups).
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_api_returns_payload_shape() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let groups: Value = client
-        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    let slug = groups["groups"]
-        .as_array()
-        .context("groups is array")?
-        .iter()
-        .find(|g| {
-            g["name"]
-                .as_str()
-                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
-                .unwrap_or(false)
-        })
-        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
-        .and_then(|c| c.first())
-        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
-        .context("tpch chart slug")?
-        .to_string();
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
     let resp = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
         .send()
@@ -463,7 +504,7 @@ async fn chart_api_returns_payload_shape() -> Result<()> {
     assert!(body["commits"].as_array().is_some(), "commits");
     assert!(body["series"].as_object().is_some(), "series");
 
-    // ?n= narrows the commit count returned to exactly N.
+    // ?n= narrows the commit count.
     let one: Value = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=1")))
         .send()
@@ -473,24 +514,6 @@ async fn chart_api_returns_payload_shape() -> Result<()> {
     let one_count = one["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
     assert_eq!(one_count, 1, "?n=1 should keep exactly one commit");
 
-    // y= and mode= are accepted but don't change the SQL — payload is
-    // identical to the bare request modulo URL-shaped params.
-    let with_hints: Value = client
-        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=1&y=log&mode=rel")))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    assert_eq!(
-        with_hints["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()),
-        Some(1),
-        "?y/?mode shouldn't affect the returned commit count"
-    );
-    assert_eq!(
-        with_hints["series"], one["series"],
-        "?y/?mode shouldn't change the series payload"
-    );
-
     // A valid-shape slug for a chart that doesn't exist in the DB returns
     // 404. (Malformed slugs are 400, covered by the HTML route tests.)
     let unknown_slug = vortex_bench_server::slug::ChartKey::QueryMeasurement {
@@ -514,30 +537,10 @@ async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
-    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    let groups: Value = client
-        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
-        .send()
-        .await?
-        .json()
-        .await?;
-    let slug = groups["groups"]
-        .as_array()
-        .context("groups is array")?
-        .iter()
-        .find(|g| {
-            g["name"]
-                .as_str()
-                .map(|s| s.starts_with("tpch"))
-                .unwrap_or(false)
-        })
-        .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
-        .and_then(|c| c.first())
-        .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
-        .context("tpch chart slug")?
-        .to_string();
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
-    // Without ?n, default window is 100 — fixture has 3 commits, so all show.
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    // Without ?n, default is the 1000-commit per-chart cap — fixture has 3.
     let full: Value = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
         .send()
@@ -647,6 +650,10 @@ async fn static_assets_are_served() -> Result<()> {
 
     for (path, ct_prefix) in [
         ("/static/chart.umd.js", "application/javascript"),
+        (
+            "/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js",
+            "application/javascript",
+        ),
         ("/static/chart-init.js", "application/javascript"),
         ("/static/style.css", "text/css"),
     ] {

From e80b9913bd62ba97d520680e7345bc4757d4e98b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 10:41:16 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 16/26] fix CI lints

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 .github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml |   2 +-
 .github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml   |   2 +-
 _typos.toml                                |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/build.rs        |   8 +
 benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md      | 170 ++++++++++++------
 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md      | 194 ++++++++++++++-------
 benchmarks-website/server/build.rs         |   8 +
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs      |   4 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs  |   4 +-
 9 files changed, 272 insertions(+), 122 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/migrate/build.rs
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/build.rs

diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml b/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
index 0bfcb6d3293..22aad1135b8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
       - "vortex-bench/**"
       - "Cargo.lock"
       - ".github/workflows/publish-bench-server.yml"
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_dispatch: { }
 
 jobs:
   publish:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml b/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml
index 8f18be93e53..2ddee9dc84d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/v3-commit-metadata.yml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ name: v3 commit metadata
 on:
   push:
     branches: [develop]
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_dispatch: { }
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
diff --git a/_typos.toml b/_typos.toml
index 2b9bc571e76..e2a5ff330b8 100644
--- a/_typos.toml
+++ b/_typos.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ extend-ignore-re = [
 ]
 
 [files]
-extend-exclude = ["/vortex-bench/**", "/docs/references.bib", "benchmarks/**", "vortex-sqllogictest/slt/**", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/tests.rs", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/flat_contains.rs", "benchmarks-website/server/static/**"]
+extend-exclude = ["/vortex-bench/**", "/docs/references.bib", "benchmarks/**", "vortex-sqllogictest/slt/**", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/tests.rs", "encodings/fsst/src/dfa/flat_contains.rs", "benchmarks-website/server/static/**", "benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/**"]
 
 [type.py]
 extend-ignore-identifiers-re = [
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/build.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37bb34d013a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+fn main() {
+    if std::env::var("CARGO_CFG_TARGET_OS").as_deref() == Ok("windows") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=dylib=rstrtmgr");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
index 28d6641cf7b..ba4d6cec6f7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
@@ -3,76 +3,136 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 -->
 
-# AGENTS.md - benchmarks-website v3 (alpha)
-
-Brief for coding agents working on this rewrite. Keep it short;
-detail belongs in component plans.
-
-## What you're working on
-
-The **alpha** of v3 of `bench.vortex.dev`. Target: a single Rust
-binary (axum + maud + duckdb-rs) with **DuckDB on local disk**.
-The smallest end-to-end loop that proves the design.
-
-The v2 site (top-level files in `benchmarks-website/`:
-`server.js`, `src/`, `package.json`, etc.) is in production and
-stays running unchanged. v3 lives alongside in
-`vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
-
-Anything not listed in [`README.md`](./README.md) under
-"Components" is **deferred**. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
-Don't expand scope past your component plan.
-
-## Where to start
-
-1. [`README.md`](./README.md) - reading order.
-2. [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md) - phases, components,
-   dependency map.
-3. [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md) - the DuckDB schema (column
-   contracts; SQL is the server agent's call).
-4. [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) - wire shapes + HTTP
-   matrix + auth header.
-5. [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) - existing
-   benchmarks → fact tables (read this if you're working on the
-   emitter or eventual migration).
-6. Your component plan in [`components/`](./components/).
-
-You **don't** need to read other components' plans.
+# AGENTS.md - benchmarks-website v3
+
+Brief for coding agents working on the v3 rewrite of `bench.vortex.dev`. Keep this file short.
+Detail belongs in component plans.
+
+## Status
+
+Alpha is shipped. The v3 server, migrator, and inline-charts UI are all merged to
+`ct/benchmarks-v3`. The current focus is **production readiness**: secrets, CI ingestion wiring,
+smoke-testing on a real host, the DNS flip, and v2 cleanup. See [`README.md`](./README.md) for the
+live punch list.
+
+The v2 site (top-level files in `benchmarks-website/`: `server.js`, `src/`, `package.json`,
+`index.html`, `Dockerfile`, `docker-compose.yml`, `ec2-init.txt`, etc.) is still in production on
+`bench.vortex.dev` and **stays running unchanged** until the DNS flip. The v3 server lives alongside
+it as `vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
+
+## Architecture in 10 bullets
+
+- Single Rust binary: `axum` (HTTP) + `maud` (SSR HTML) + embedded `duckdb-rs`. All static assets
+  (`chart.umd.js`, `chart-init.js`, `style.css`) are `include_bytes!`'d into the binary. No CDN.
+- One DuckDB file on local disk holds five fact tables (compression time, query measurement, vector
+  search, RAG, random access) plus a `commits` dim table. Schema in
+  [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
+- One ingest endpoint: `POST /api/ingest`, gated by a static bearer token from the
+  `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var. Wire shapes in [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md).
+- Three HTML routes — `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}` — and one JSON route,
+  `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, all served from the same binary.
+- `ChartKey` and `GroupKey` enums round-trip through URLs as `<prefix>.<base64url(serde_json(...))>`
+  slugs. No DB lookup required to decode a URL.
+- Charts render inline on the landing page. Each `<canvas>` is paired with a
+  `<script id="chart-data-N">` JSON payload that `chart-init.js` hydrates lazily via
+  `IntersectionObserver`.
+- Per-chart toolbar with zoom-as-scope: each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once, then the Show /
+  Y / Mode buttons and slider adjust the visible range via `chart.update("none")`. Mouse wheel pans
+  history. Slider uses `input` events with a 16ms throttle + 150ms debounce.
+- Group ordering is hard-coded to match v2's `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html` order.
+  Each group is wrapped in a `<details>`; only the first is open by default.
+- URL state (`?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=`) is honored only on permalink pages (`/chart`, `/group`).
+  Landing page resets to defaults on open; users customize per-chart in place.
+- `vortex-bench-migrate` reads v2 records, runs each through a classifier in
+  `migrate/src/classifier.rs`, and either routes the record into one of the five fact tables or
+  marks it `Skip(reason)` with a typed reason. The run **fails if more than 5% of records come back
+  as `Unknown`** — silent data loss is not allowed.
+
+## Code map
+
+| Path                                             | What lives here                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs`          | Binary entrypoint. Reads `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN`, `VORTEX_BENCH_BIND` (default `127.0.0.1:3000`), `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` (default `./bench.duckdb`), `VORTEX_BENCH_LOG`.                                                          |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs`           | `chart_payload(conn, &ChartKey, &CommitWindow)` — the shared implementation behind `/api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON, and `collect_group_charts`. Known N+1 in `collect_group_charts` — flagged with a TODO. |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs`          | Three HTML routes and the `<details>`-per-group landing page. `LANDING_DEFAULT_N: u32 = 50`. `UiQuery` parses `?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=` on permalink routes.                                                                  |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs`          | `ChartKey` / `GroupKey` enums and `to_slug` / `from_slug` round-trip.                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js` | Hydration, `IntersectionObserver`, custom external tooltip with delta rows, inline `afterDatasetsDraw` plugin for the dashed crosshair.                                                                                    |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css`     | `.chart-tooltip-host` is `position: absolute; pointer-events: none;` (do not change — fixes the flicker). `.chart-card` is `position: relative`.                                                                           |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs`      | `insta` snapshot tests, seeded by POSTing to `/api/ingest`. No external fixtures.                                                                                                                                          |
+| `benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs`   | `classify_outcome` routes records into a fact table, `Skip(reason)`, or `Unknown`. >5% Unknown gates the run.                                                                                                              |
+
+## Local dev / smoke test
+
+Build narrow:
+
+```bash
+cargo build -p vortex-bench-server
+```
+
+Run:
+
+```bash
+INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN="dev" cargo run -p vortex-bench-server
+# server logs: "bench server listening addr=127.0.0.1:3000 db=bench.duckdb"
+```
+
+Seed test data via the ingest endpoint (the snapshot tests do this in-process — see
+`server/tests/web_ui.rs` for the envelope shapes).
+
+Run snapshot tests:
+
+```bash
+cargo test -p vortex-bench-server
+INSTA_UPDATE=auto cargo test -p vortex-bench-server   # to update
+```
+
+For an end-to-end smoke test against migrated data, point `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` at the output of
+`vortex-bench-migrate`.
 
 ## Repository conventions
 
-See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout,
-and CI norms. Project-specific:
+See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout, and CI norms. Project-specific:
 
-- The v3 server crate lives at `benchmarks-website/server/` and is
-  registered in the root `Cargo.toml` `members` list.
+- The v3 server crate lives at `benchmarks-website/server/` and is registered in the root
+  `Cargo.toml` `members` list.
 - All commits need a `Signed-off-by:` trailer.
-- Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you
-  changed.
+- Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you changed.
 - Public-API changes need `./scripts/public-api.sh`.
 - Every new public item needs a doc comment.
 - Tests return `VortexResult<()>` and use `?`. No `unwrap`.
+- Branch from `ct/benchmarks-v3`, not `develop`. PR back to `ct/benchmarks-v3`.
+- **Never auto-merge**. Open the PR, post the URL, stop. The user reviews and merges.
 
 ## Things to avoid
 
-- **Don't widen scope past your component plan.** If a feature
-  feels missing, check [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) first - it
-  is almost certainly already deferred there.
-- **Don't write a server-side classifier.** The emitter is
-  responsible for v3-shape records.
-- **Don't drift from contracts.** Wire-shape changes are a
-  coordinated PR across the affected components.
-- **Don't touch the v2 React/Node app.** It stays in production
-  unchanged through alpha and through phase 2 until cutover.
+- **Don't widen scope past your task.** If a feature feels missing, check
+  [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) and the "Deferred UI follow-ups" section of
+  [`README.md`](./README.md) first — it is almost certainly already deferred.
+- **Don't write a server-side classifier for live ingest.** The emitter is responsible for v3-shape
+  records. The migrator's classifier exists only to translate v2 records once.
+- **Don't rebuild a global page-level toolbar.** Controls are per-chart. This was a real failure
+  mode the first time around — the page-level toolbar drove every chart together, which is not what
+  users want.
+- **Don't bind a slider's reactive logic to `change` events.** Use `input` events with a small
+  throttle + debounce, otherwise the slider only updates on release and feels broken.
+- **Don't refetch on scope change.** Each chart fetches a generous window once; scope buttons +
+  slider operate on that buffer via `chart.update("none")`.
+- **Don't re-introduce `pointer-events: auto` on the tooltip host.** The tooltip is positioned at
+  the cursor; making it pointer-interactive causes a flicker loop. Keep it `pointer-events: none`
+  and offset via `transform: translate(12px, 12px)`.
+- **Don't drift from contracts.** Wire-shape changes are a coordinated PR across emitter, migrator,
+  and server.
+- **Don't touch the v2 React/Node app.** It stays in production unchanged until the DNS flip. The v2
+  cleanup is its own PR, post- flip.
 - **Don't reach for WASM.**
 
 ## Working branches
 
-| Branch | Purpose |
-|---|---|
-| `develop` | Live v2 site. Don't break. |
-| `ct/benchmarks-v3` | Integration branch carrying the planning commit + landed component PRs. All component branches start here. |
-| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<component>` | Per-workstream feature branches, each branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it. |
+| Branch                         | Purpose                                                                                             |
+| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `develop`                      | Live v2 site. Don't break.                                                                          |
+| `ct/benchmarks-v3`             | Integration branch carrying the planning commit + landed component PRs. All v3 branches start here. |
+| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<topic>` | Per-task feature branches, branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it.                    |
 
 ## How to update this file
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
index 6eabdaf0815..ba4d6cec6f7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
@@ -3,69 +3,143 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 -->
 
-# Benchmarks website v3 - Planning
-
-Planning docs for rebuilding `bench.vortex.dev` as a single Rust
-binary with DuckDB on local disk.
-
-This plan is **alpha-only**. Everything beyond the smallest
-end-to-end loop is deliberately punted to
-[`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
-
-## Reading order
-
-| File | Read when |
-|---|---|
-| [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md) | Always. The pitch, phases, and dependency map. |
-| [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md) | Always. The five DuckDB fact tables + `commits` dim. |
-| [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) | Always. Wire shapes (one `kind` per fact table), HTTP error matrix, auth header. |
-| [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) | Always when working on the emitter or the historical migrator. Maps every existing benchmark to its target table. |
-| [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) | Skim once. What's pinned for alpha. |
-| [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) | Skim once. What we're not designing yet. |
-| `components/<your-component>.md` | The plan for your specific workstream. |
-| `components/<other>.md` | Avoid. If you're tempted, `02-contracts.md` probably needs an update. |
-
-## Components
-
-Three components for alpha. Each is one workstream, one branch, one
-PR. After the schema and contracts are stable, **all three can be
-worked on in parallel**.
-
-| Component | Plan | Branch |
-|---|---|---|
-| Server | [components/server.md](./components/server.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-server` |
-| Emitter | [components/emitter.md](./components/emitter.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-emitter` |
-| Web UI | [components/web-ui.md](./components/web-ui.md) | `claude/benchmarks-v3-web-ui` |
+# AGENTS.md - benchmarks-website v3
+
+Brief for coding agents working on the v3 rewrite of `bench.vortex.dev`. Keep this file short.
+Detail belongs in component plans.
+
+## Status
+
+Alpha is shipped. The v3 server, migrator, and inline-charts UI are all merged to
+`ct/benchmarks-v3`. The current focus is **production readiness**: secrets, CI ingestion wiring,
+smoke-testing on a real host, the DNS flip, and v2 cleanup. See [`README.md`](./README.md) for the
+live punch list.
+
+The v2 site (top-level files in `benchmarks-website/`: `server.js`, `src/`, `package.json`,
+`index.html`, `Dockerfile`, `docker-compose.yml`, `ec2-init.txt`, etc.) is still in production on
+`bench.vortex.dev` and **stays running unchanged** until the DNS flip. The v3 server lives alongside
+it as `vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
+
+## Architecture in 10 bullets
+
+- Single Rust binary: `axum` (HTTP) + `maud` (SSR HTML) + embedded `duckdb-rs`. All static assets
+  (`chart.umd.js`, `chart-init.js`, `style.css`) are `include_bytes!`'d into the binary. No CDN.
+- One DuckDB file on local disk holds five fact tables (compression time, query measurement, vector
+  search, RAG, random access) plus a `commits` dim table. Schema in
+  [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
+- One ingest endpoint: `POST /api/ingest`, gated by a static bearer token from the
+  `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var. Wire shapes in [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md).
+- Three HTML routes — `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}` — and one JSON route,
+  `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, all served from the same binary.
+- `ChartKey` and `GroupKey` enums round-trip through URLs as `<prefix>.<base64url(serde_json(...))>`
+  slugs. No DB lookup required to decode a URL.
+- Charts render inline on the landing page. Each `<canvas>` is paired with a
+  `<script id="chart-data-N">` JSON payload that `chart-init.js` hydrates lazily via
+  `IntersectionObserver`.
+- Per-chart toolbar with zoom-as-scope: each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once, then the Show /
+  Y / Mode buttons and slider adjust the visible range via `chart.update("none")`. Mouse wheel pans
+  history. Slider uses `input` events with a 16ms throttle + 150ms debounce.
+- Group ordering is hard-coded to match v2's `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html` order.
+  Each group is wrapped in a `<details>`; only the first is open by default.
+- URL state (`?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=`) is honored only on permalink pages (`/chart`, `/group`).
+  Landing page resets to defaults on open; users customize per-chart in place.
+- `vortex-bench-migrate` reads v2 records, runs each through a classifier in
+  `migrate/src/classifier.rs`, and either routes the record into one of the five fact tables or
+  marks it `Skip(reason)` with a typed reason. The run **fails if more than 5% of records come back
+  as `Unknown`** — silent data loss is not allowed.
+
+## Code map
+
+| Path                                             | What lives here                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs`          | Binary entrypoint. Reads `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN`, `VORTEX_BENCH_BIND` (default `127.0.0.1:3000`), `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` (default `./bench.duckdb`), `VORTEX_BENCH_LOG`.                                                          |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs`           | `chart_payload(conn, &ChartKey, &CommitWindow)` — the shared implementation behind `/api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON, and `collect_group_charts`. Known N+1 in `collect_group_charts` — flagged with a TODO. |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs`          | Three HTML routes and the `<details>`-per-group landing page. `LANDING_DEFAULT_N: u32 = 50`. `UiQuery` parses `?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=` on permalink routes.                                                                  |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs`          | `ChartKey` / `GroupKey` enums and `to_slug` / `from_slug` round-trip.                                                                                                                                                      |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js` | Hydration, `IntersectionObserver`, custom external tooltip with delta rows, inline `afterDatasetsDraw` plugin for the dashed crosshair.                                                                                    |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css`     | `.chart-tooltip-host` is `position: absolute; pointer-events: none;` (do not change — fixes the flicker). `.chart-card` is `position: relative`.                                                                           |
+| `benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs`      | `insta` snapshot tests, seeded by POSTing to `/api/ingest`. No external fixtures.                                                                                                                                          |
+| `benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs`   | `classify_outcome` routes records into a fact table, `Skip(reason)`, or `Unknown`. >5% Unknown gates the run.                                                                                                              |
+
+## Local dev / smoke test
+
+Build narrow:
+
+```bash
+cargo build -p vortex-bench-server
+```
+
+Run:
+
+```bash
+INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN="dev" cargo run -p vortex-bench-server
+# server logs: "bench server listening addr=127.0.0.1:3000 db=bench.duckdb"
+```
+
+Seed test data via the ingest endpoint (the snapshot tests do this in-process — see
+`server/tests/web_ui.rs` for the envelope shapes).
+
+Run snapshot tests:
+
+```bash
+cargo test -p vortex-bench-server
+INSTA_UPDATE=auto cargo test -p vortex-bench-server   # to update
+```
+
+For an end-to-end smoke test against migrated data, point `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` at the output of
+`vortex-bench-migrate`.
+
+## Repository conventions
+
+See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout, and CI norms. Project-specific:
+
+- The v3 server crate lives at `benchmarks-website/server/` and is registered in the root
+  `Cargo.toml` `members` list.
+- All commits need a `Signed-off-by:` trailer.
+- Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you changed.
+- Public-API changes need `./scripts/public-api.sh`.
+- Every new public item needs a doc comment.
+- Tests return `VortexResult<()>` and use `?`. No `unwrap`.
+- Branch from `ct/benchmarks-v3`, not `develop`. PR back to `ct/benchmarks-v3`.
+- **Never auto-merge**. Open the PR, post the URL, stop. The user reviews and merges.
+
+## Things to avoid
+
+- **Don't widen scope past your task.** If a feature feels missing, check
+  [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) and the "Deferred UI follow-ups" section of
+  [`README.md`](./README.md) first — it is almost certainly already deferred.
+- **Don't write a server-side classifier for live ingest.** The emitter is responsible for v3-shape
+  records. The migrator's classifier exists only to translate v2 records once.
+- **Don't rebuild a global page-level toolbar.** Controls are per-chart. This was a real failure
+  mode the first time around — the page-level toolbar drove every chart together, which is not what
+  users want.
+- **Don't bind a slider's reactive logic to `change` events.** Use `input` events with a small
+  throttle + debounce, otherwise the slider only updates on release and feels broken.
+- **Don't refetch on scope change.** Each chart fetches a generous window once; scope buttons +
+  slider operate on that buffer via `chart.update("none")`.
+- **Don't re-introduce `pointer-events: auto` on the tooltip host.** The tooltip is positioned at
+  the cursor; making it pointer-interactive causes a flicker loop. Keep it `pointer-events: none`
+  and offset via `transform: translate(12px, 12px)`.
+- **Don't drift from contracts.** Wire-shape changes are a coordinated PR across emitter, migrator,
+  and server.
+- **Don't touch the v2 React/Node app.** It stays in production unchanged until the DNS flip. The v2
+  cleanup is its own PR, post- flip.
+- **Don't reach for WASM.**
 
 ## Working branches
 
-- `develop` - the v2 site, in production. **Do not touch.**
-- `ct/benchmarks-v3` - the integration branch carrying the
-  planning commit and any landed component PRs. All component
-  branches start here.
-- Component branches (one per workstream, see "Components" above),
-  each branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it.
-
-## What this plan is not
-
-- Not implementation instructions. Component plans are deliberately
-  high-level.
-- Not a phase-2 plan. Phase-2 work is one paragraph each in
-  [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md). The path will be clearer once the
-  alpha loop is running.
-- Not a parity-with-v2 plan. v2 keeps running unchanged through
-  alpha.
-
-## Updating these docs
+| Branch                         | Purpose                                                                                             |
+| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `develop`                      | Live v2 site. Don't break.                                                                          |
+| `ct/benchmarks-v3`             | Integration branch carrying the planning commit + landed component PRs. All v3 branches start here. |
+| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<topic>` | Per-task feature branches, branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it.                    |
 
-If you find a gap, prefer to:
+## How to update this file
 
-1. Update [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) when the gap is at
-   a component boundary.
-2. Update the relevant component plan when the gap is local.
-3. Update [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) when the gap is "we just
-   haven't decided yet, but we need to."
-4. Update [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) when the gap is "this is
-   real work but not for alpha."
+Keep it short. If you've learned something a future agent will need:
 
-Don't add a new top-level numbered doc.
+- Cross-component contract → [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md)
+- Local detail → your component plan
+- Decided → [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md)
+- Not designing yet → [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md)
+- Cross-cutting agent norm → here
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/build.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/build.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37bb34d013a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/build.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+fn main() {
+    if std::env::var("CARGO_CFG_TARGET_OS").as_deref() == Ok("windows") {
+        println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=dylib=rstrtmgr");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index 5b2fee3e350..cbc24820ef4 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
 /// for runtime state.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UiQuery {
-    /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Defaults to
-    /// [`PER_CHART_FETCH_N`]. Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
+    /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Defaults to `PER_CHART_FETCH_N`.
+    /// Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
     pub n: Option<String>,
 }
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 45dc68e31d7..8fe20bb9044 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ async fn pick_chart_slug(server: &Server, predicate: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> R
         .as_array()
         .context("groups is array")?
         .iter()
-        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(|s| predicate(s)))
+        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(&predicate))
         .and_then(|g| g["charts"].as_array())
         .and_then(|c| c.first())
         .and_then(|c| c["slug"].as_str())
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ async fn pick_group_slug(server: &Server, predicate: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> R
         .as_array()
         .context("groups is array")?
         .iter()
-        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(|s| predicate(s)))
+        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str().is_some_and(&predicate))
         .and_then(|g| g["slug"].as_str())
         .map(str::to_string)
         .context("matching group slug")

From a8044c8b1ac8d027cec4f089ccb4119e94f19df9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 15:18:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 17/26] docs(benchmarks-website): restore distinct README.md
 content

The previous "fix CI lints" commit accidentally clobbered planning/README.md
with planning/AGENTS.md content, leaving the two files byte-for-byte
identical. Restore README.md to its intended planning content (status,
production-readiness checklist, open product decisions, deferred UI
follow-ups, components, branch conventions). AGENTS.md is unchanged.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md | 281 +++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 160 insertions(+), 121 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
index ba4d6cec6f7..79333ff91eb 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
@@ -3,143 +3,182 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 -->
 
-# AGENTS.md - benchmarks-website v3
+# Benchmarks website v3 - Planning
 
-Brief for coding agents working on the v3 rewrite of `bench.vortex.dev`. Keep this file short.
-Detail belongs in component plans.
+Planning docs for `bench.vortex.dev` v3: a single Rust binary (axum + maud + duckdb-rs) replacing
+the v2 Node/React stack.
 
 ## Status
 
-Alpha is shipped. The v3 server, migrator, and inline-charts UI are all merged to
-`ct/benchmarks-v3`. The current focus is **production readiness**: secrets, CI ingestion wiring,
-smoke-testing on a real host, the DNS flip, and v2 cleanup. See [`README.md`](./README.md) for the
-live punch list.
-
-The v2 site (top-level files in `benchmarks-website/`: `server.js`, `src/`, `package.json`,
-`index.html`, `Dockerfile`, `docker-compose.yml`, `ec2-init.txt`, etc.) is still in production on
-`bench.vortex.dev` and **stays running unchanged** until the DNS flip. The v3 server lives alongside
-it as `vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
-
-## Architecture in 10 bullets
-
-- Single Rust binary: `axum` (HTTP) + `maud` (SSR HTML) + embedded `duckdb-rs`. All static assets
-  (`chart.umd.js`, `chart-init.js`, `style.css`) are `include_bytes!`'d into the binary. No CDN.
-- One DuckDB file on local disk holds five fact tables (compression time, query measurement, vector
-  search, RAG, random access) plus a `commits` dim table. Schema in
-  [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
-- One ingest endpoint: `POST /api/ingest`, gated by a static bearer token from the
-  `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var. Wire shapes in [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md).
-- Three HTML routes — `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}` — and one JSON route,
-  `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, all served from the same binary.
-- `ChartKey` and `GroupKey` enums round-trip through URLs as `<prefix>.<base64url(serde_json(...))>`
-  slugs. No DB lookup required to decode a URL.
-- Charts render inline on the landing page. Each `<canvas>` is paired with a
-  `<script id="chart-data-N">` JSON payload that `chart-init.js` hydrates lazily via
-  `IntersectionObserver`.
-- Per-chart toolbar with zoom-as-scope: each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once, then the Show /
-  Y / Mode buttons and slider adjust the visible range via `chart.update("none")`. Mouse wheel pans
-  history. Slider uses `input` events with a 16ms throttle + 150ms debounce.
-- Group ordering is hard-coded to match v2's `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html` order.
-  Each group is wrapped in a `<details>`; only the first is open by default.
-- URL state (`?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=`) is honored only on permalink pages (`/chart`, `/group`).
-  Landing page resets to defaults on open; users customize per-chart in place.
-- `vortex-bench-migrate` reads v2 records, runs each through a classifier in
-  `migrate/src/classifier.rs`, and either routes the record into one of the five fact tables or
-  marks it `Skip(reason)` with a typed reason. The run **fails if more than 5% of records come back
-  as `Unknown`** — silent data loss is not allowed.
-
-## Code map
-
-| Path                                             | What lives here                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
-| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/src/main.rs`          | Binary entrypoint. Reads `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN`, `VORTEX_BENCH_BIND` (default `127.0.0.1:3000`), `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` (default `./bench.duckdb`), `VORTEX_BENCH_LOG`.                                                          |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs`           | `chart_payload(conn, &ChartKey, &CommitWindow)` — the shared implementation behind `/api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON, and `collect_group_charts`. Known N+1 in `collect_group_charts` — flagged with a TODO. |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs`          | Three HTML routes and the `<details>`-per-group landing page. `LANDING_DEFAULT_N: u32 = 50`. `UiQuery` parses `?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=` on permalink routes.                                                                  |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/src/slug.rs`          | `ChartKey` / `GroupKey` enums and `to_slug` / `from_slug` round-trip.                                                                                                                                                      |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js` | Hydration, `IntersectionObserver`, custom external tooltip with delta rows, inline `afterDatasetsDraw` plugin for the dashed crosshair.                                                                                    |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css`     | `.chart-tooltip-host` is `position: absolute; pointer-events: none;` (do not change — fixes the flicker). `.chart-card` is `position: relative`.                                                                           |
-| `benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs`      | `insta` snapshot tests, seeded by POSTing to `/api/ingest`. No external fixtures.                                                                                                                                          |
-| `benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs`   | `classify_outcome` routes records into a fact table, `Skip(reason)`, or `Unknown`. >5% Unknown gates the run.                                                                                                              |
-
-## Local dev / smoke test
-
-Build narrow:
+- **Alpha shipped** to `ct/benchmarks-v3`. Server, migrator, and inline-charts UI are merged.
+- **In production-readiness phase.** v2 is still serving `bench.vortex.dev`. v3 has not been
+  deployed publicly yet.
+- **UI follow-ups** are owned by the user, not by agents (see "Deferred UI follow-ups" below).
 
-```bash
-cargo build -p vortex-bench-server
-```
+A 10-bullet architecture summary lives at the top of [`AGENTS.md`](./AGENTS.md). Use that for
+handoffs and external sharing.
 
-Run:
+## Production readiness checklist
 
-```bash
-INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN="dev" cargo run -p vortex-bench-server
-# server logs: "bench server listening addr=127.0.0.1:3000 db=bench.duckdb"
-```
+In rough order. Each item is a separate task; do not bundle.
+
+### 1. Repo secrets
+
+Two GitHub repository secrets on `vortex-data/vortex` (admins only):
+
+- `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` — random 32+ byte token. Same value gets set as the `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN`
+  env var on whatever host runs the v3 server. Generate with `openssl rand -hex 32`.
+- `V3_INGEST_URL` — full URL of the v3 ingest endpoint, e.g. `http://<host>:3000/api/ingest` for
+  the test box, or `https://bench.vortex.dev/api/ingest` for prod.
+
+Repo-level secrets are fine for the test phase. Move to an Environment-scoped secret (gated to
+`ct/benchmarks-v3` / protected branches) before prod.
+
+### 2. CI ingestion wiring
+
+Confirm whichever workflow runs the benchmark suites and pushes results uses
+`secrets.INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` and `secrets.V3_INGEST_URL`, and POSTs the versioned envelope shape
+defined in [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md). The current workflow targets the v2 endpoint;
+needs to either dual-write or flip.
 
-Seed test data via the ingest endpoint (the snapshot tests do this in-process — see
-`server/tests/web_ui.rs` for the envelope shapes).
+### 3. Test deployment
 
-Run snapshot tests:
+Currently a manual EC2 box for smoke-testing. Latest test host:
+
+- DNS: `ec2-18-116-241-0.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com`
+- Port: `3000` (open to `0.0.0.0/0` in the security group)
+- Bind: `VORTEX_BENCH_BIND=0.0.0.0:3000` (default `127.0.0.1` does not work for external access)
+- HTTP only, no TLS. Public IP changes on stop/start unless an Elastic IP is associated. Throwaway
+  token only — don't reuse for prod.
+
+Smoke test from a laptop:
 
 ```bash
-cargo test -p vortex-bench-server
-INSTA_UPDATE=auto cargo test -p vortex-bench-server   # to update
+curl -i http://<host>:3000/
 ```
 
-For an end-to-end smoke test against migrated data, point `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` at the output of
-`vortex-bench-migrate`.
-
-## Repository conventions
-
-See the root [`CLAUDE.md`](/CLAUDE.md) for Rust style, test layout, and CI norms. Project-specific:
-
-- The v3 server crate lives at `benchmarks-website/server/` and is registered in the root
-  `Cargo.toml` `members` list.
-- All commits need a `Signed-off-by:` trailer.
-- Run `cargo +nightly fmt --all` and narrow clippy on what you changed.
-- Public-API changes need `./scripts/public-api.sh`.
-- Every new public item needs a doc comment.
-- Tests return `VortexResult<()>` and use `?`. No `unwrap`.
-- Branch from `ct/benchmarks-v3`, not `develop`. PR back to `ct/benchmarks-v3`.
-- **Never auto-merge**. Open the PR, post the URL, stop. The user reviews and merges.
-
-## Things to avoid
-
-- **Don't widen scope past your task.** If a feature feels missing, check
-  [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) and the "Deferred UI follow-ups" section of
-  [`README.md`](./README.md) first — it is almost certainly already deferred.
-- **Don't write a server-side classifier for live ingest.** The emitter is responsible for v3-shape
-  records. The migrator's classifier exists only to translate v2 records once.
-- **Don't rebuild a global page-level toolbar.** Controls are per-chart. This was a real failure
-  mode the first time around — the page-level toolbar drove every chart together, which is not what
-  users want.
-- **Don't bind a slider's reactive logic to `change` events.** Use `input` events with a small
-  throttle + debounce, otherwise the slider only updates on release and feels broken.
-- **Don't refetch on scope change.** Each chart fetches a generous window once; scope buttons +
-  slider operate on that buffer via `chart.update("none")`.
-- **Don't re-introduce `pointer-events: auto` on the tooltip host.** The tooltip is positioned at
-  the cursor; making it pointer-interactive causes a flicker loop. Keep it `pointer-events: none`
-  and offset via `transform: translate(12px, 12px)`.
-- **Don't drift from contracts.** Wire-shape changes are a coordinated PR across emitter, migrator,
-  and server.
-- **Don't touch the v2 React/Node app.** It stays in production unchanged until the DNS flip. The v2
-  cleanup is its own PR, post- flip.
-- **Don't reach for WASM.**
+Should return HTTP 200 with the landing HTML.
+
+### 4. Smoke test with migrated data
+
+Run `vortex-bench-migrate` against the v2 source, copy the resulting `bench.duckdb` to the deployed
+host, point `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` at it, and walk every group's charts in a browser.
+
+### 5. Operational hygiene (not yet done)
+
+- Health-check endpoint (`GET /health` returning 200).
+- Structured logging review (we already use `tracing`; verify fields are useful for prod
+  debugging).
+- Rate limiting on `/api/ingest` — the bearer token is the only gate today.
+- TLS termination strategy: front with a load balancer / nginx / Caddy, or terminate in-process?
+  Decide before DNS flip.
+- DB schema-version tracking, so future migrations are coordinated rather than ad-hoc.
+- Backup story. Open question: is "copy the file" enough, or do we want a WAL-based /
+  point-in-time approach? Investigate DuckDB options.
+
+### 6. Deployment platform decision
+
+v2 ran on EC2 (see top-level `ec2-init.txt`, `docker-compose.yml`). v3 is a self-contained binary +
+DuckDB file + env var, so the v2 setup isn't reusable verbatim. Decide:
+
+- Reuse the v2 EC2 host (cutover-style)?
+- Stand up a new EC2 box?
+- Containerize and run somewhere managed?
+
+The simplest first cut is a new EC2 instance with a systemd unit and an Elastic IP.
+
+### 7. DNS flip
+
+Point `bench.vortex.dev` at the v3 host. After this:
+
+- v2 is no longer serving production traffic.
+- The v2 cleanup PR (item 8) becomes safe to merge.
+- Production secrets are now load-bearing — rotate `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` if the test value was
+  ever shared.
+
+### 8. v2 cleanup PR
+
+A separate PR, opened post-flip. Deletes everything top-level under `benchmarks-website/` that
+belongs to v2:
+
+- `server.js`, `src/`, `index.html`, `vite.config.js`, `package.json`, `package-lock.json`,
+  `public/`
+- Top-level `Dockerfile`, `docker-compose.yml`, `ec2-init.txt`
+- Any GitHub Actions workflows that only target the v2 deploy
+
+The v3 tree under `benchmarks-website/server/` and `benchmarks-website/migrate/` is untouched.
+
+## Open product decisions
+
+These are user/owner decisions, not agent decisions.
+
+- **What migrated data do we keep vs drop?** The classifier currently silently drops every record
+  routed to a `Skip` variant (e.g. `Skip::HistoricalMemory`, legacy random-access shapes). Some of
+  those `Skip`s are real "we don't want this" cases; some are "we'd want this if we extended a
+  fact table." Once v2 is gone the source records are gone with it, so this needs an explicit
+  pass through `Skip` variants before flip.
+- **Group naming.** Server emits names like `tpch sf=1 [nvme]`; v2's published names are
+  `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)`. Either rename the server-emitted names to v2 form, or add a sort-key +
+  display-name map. Cosmetic but visible.
+- **Deferred UI follow-ups.** The user is handling these directly; agents should not pre-empt
+  them:
+  - `collect_group_charts` N+1 refactor in `api.rs:583-613`.
+  - Mobile legend resize handler.
+  - Zoom-sync within a group.
+  - LTTB downsampling for very long histories.
+  - Swap the inline crosshair plugin for `chartjs-plugin-crosshair`.
+
+## Reading order (alpha-era reference)
+
+Still useful for context on why the schema and contracts look the way they do. Not all of this is
+current.
+
+| File                                             | Read when                                                                                  |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| [`AGENTS.md`](./AGENTS.md)                       | Always. Status, architecture, code map, conventions, common mistakes.                      |
+| [`00-overview.md`](./00-overview.md)             | The original alpha pitch and dependency map.                                               |
+| [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md)                 | The five DuckDB fact tables + `commits` dim. Live contract.                                |
+| [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md)           | Wire shapes (one `kind` per fact table), HTTP error matrix, auth header. Live contract.    |
+| [`benchmark-mapping.md`](./benchmark-mapping.md) | Existing benchmarks → fact tables. Live reference, especially when extending the migrator. |
+| [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md)                 | What was pinned for alpha.                                                                 |
+| [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md)                   | What was punted from alpha. Cross-reference with the "Deferred UI follow-ups" list above.  |
+| `components/<name>.md`                           | Original per-workstream plans. All three are merged; treat these as historical.            |
+
+## Components (merged)
+
+Three workstreams shipped for alpha. All three are merged to `ct/benchmarks-v3`. Plans kept for
+reference.
+
+| Component | Plan                                             | Status                              |
+| --------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
+| Server    | [components/server.md](./components/server.md)   | Merged.                             |
+| Emitter   | [components/emitter.md](./components/emitter.md) | Merged.                             |
+| Web UI    | [components/web-ui.md](./components/web-ui.md)   | Merged (plus per-chart UX rebuild). |
 
 ## Working branches
 
-| Branch                         | Purpose                                                                                             |
-| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `develop`                      | Live v2 site. Don't break.                                                                          |
-| `ct/benchmarks-v3`             | Integration branch carrying the planning commit + landed component PRs. All v3 branches start here. |
-| `claude/benchmarks-v3-<topic>` | Per-task feature branches, branched from `ct/benchmarks-v3` and PR'd back to it.                    |
+- `develop` — the v2 site, in production. **Do not touch** until after DNS flip.
+- `ct/benchmarks-v3` — the integration branch. All v3 work lands here. Feature branches branch
+  from it and PR back to it.
+- `claude/benchmarks-v3-<topic>` — per-task feature branches.
+
+PRs are reported by URL but **never auto-merged**. The user reviews and merges.
+
+## What this plan is not
+
+- Not a parity-with-v2 plan. v3 ships the existing benchmark groups, not v2's exact UX.
+- Not a phase-2 design doc. Phase 2 is the prod-readiness checklist above; further-out work lives
+  in [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) and the "Deferred UI follow-ups" list.
+
+## Updating these docs
 
-## How to update this file
+If you find a gap, prefer to:
 
-Keep it short. If you've learned something a future agent will need:
+1. Update [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md) when the gap is at a component boundary.
+2. Update [`AGENTS.md`](./AGENTS.md) when the gap is a new agent norm or a new "thing to avoid."
+3. Update this file when the gap is the prod-readiness punch list or an open product decision.
+4. Update [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md) when the gap is "we just haven't decided yet, but we
+   need to."
+5. Update [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md) when the gap is "real work but not now."
 
-- Cross-component contract → [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md)
-- Local detail → your component plan
-- Decided → [`decisions.md`](./decisions.md)
-- Not designing yet → [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md)
-- Cross-cutting agent norm → here
+Don't add a new top-level numbered doc.

From ec0243aa37cc584169471c350a6fe790bc3987fc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 14:43:11 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 18/26] improve ui and style

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          | 441 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 208 +++++++--
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 110 ++---
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    | 302 +++++++++---
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 239 +++++++++-
 8 files changed, 1108 insertions(+), 198 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index 55d00c121ff..544adef9968 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 //! `benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md`. Slugs round-trip through
 //! [`crate::slug::ChartKey`].
 
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::num::NonZeroU32;
 
 use anyhow::Context as _;
@@ -173,15 +175,90 @@ pub struct Group {
     /// Slug for `/group/{slug}`. Round-trips through [`crate::slug::GroupKey`].
     pub slug: String,
     pub charts: Vec<ChartLink>,
+    /// Optional v2-compatible rollup computed from the fact tables.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub summary: Option<Summary>,
 }
 
 /// All charts in one group, returned by `GET /api/group/{slug}`.
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
 pub struct GroupChartsResponse {
     pub name: String,
+    /// Optional v2-compatible rollup computed from the fact tables.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub summary: Option<Summary>,
     pub charts: Vec<NamedChartResponse>,
 }
 
+/// Server-computed group summary, matching the v2 metadata contract.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type")]
+pub enum Summary {
+    /// Random-access format ranking for the latest populated random-access chart.
+    #[serde(rename = "randomAccess")]
+    RandomAccess {
+        title: &'static str,
+        rankings: Vec<RandomAccessRanking>,
+        explanation: &'static str,
+    },
+    /// Compression/decompression speedup of Vortex over Parquet.
+    #[serde(rename = "compression")]
+    Compression {
+        title: &'static str,
+        #[serde(rename = "compressRatio", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        compress_ratio: Option<f64>,
+        #[serde(rename = "decompressRatio", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        decompress_ratio: Option<f64>,
+        #[serde(rename = "datasetCount")]
+        dataset_count: usize,
+        explanation: &'static str,
+    },
+    /// Vortex-to-Parquet compressed size ratio distribution.
+    #[serde(rename = "compressionSize")]
+    CompressionSize {
+        title: &'static str,
+        #[serde(rename = "minRatio")]
+        min_ratio: f64,
+        #[serde(rename = "meanRatio")]
+        mean_ratio: f64,
+        #[serde(rename = "maxRatio")]
+        max_ratio: f64,
+        #[serde(rename = "datasetCount")]
+        dataset_count: usize,
+        explanation: &'static str,
+    },
+    /// Query-suite ranking by geomean ratio to the fastest engine per query.
+    #[serde(rename = "queryBenchmark")]
+    QueryBenchmark {
+        title: &'static str,
+        rankings: Vec<QueryRanking>,
+        explanation: &'static str,
+    },
+}
+
+/// One random-access summary row.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct RandomAccessRanking {
+    /// Series name, normally the physical format.
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Latest measured time in nanoseconds.
+    pub time: f64,
+    /// Ratio to the fastest series in the same chart.
+    pub ratio: f64,
+}
+
+/// One query benchmark summary row.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub struct QueryRanking {
+    /// Series name, normally `engine:format`.
+    pub name: String,
+    /// Geomean ratio to the fastest observed value per query.
+    pub score: f64,
+    /// Sum of latest runtimes for the queries this series has.
+    #[serde(rename = "totalRuntime")]
+    pub total_runtime: f64,
+}
+
 /// A single chart inside a [`GroupChartsResponse`]. `name` is the chart's
 /// short label inside the group (e.g. `Q1`); `slug` round-trips through
 /// `/api/chart/{slug}`.
@@ -331,6 +408,12 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     let vsr_groups = collect_vector_search_groups(conn)?;
     groups.extend(vsr_groups);
 
+    for group in &mut groups {
+        let key = GroupKey::from_slug(&group.slug)
+            .with_context(|| format!("invalid generated group slug: {}", group.slug))?;
+        group.summary = collect_group_summary(conn, &key, &group.charts)?;
+    }
+
     // Apply canonical ordering. `sort_by_key` is stable, so groups whose
     // names map to the same key (the `GROUP_ORDER.len()` bucket — i.e. not in
     // the canonical list) keep the order the discovery passes produced.
@@ -382,6 +465,7 @@ fn collect_query_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
                 name: group_name_query(&dataset, &dataset_variant, &scale_factor, &storage),
                 slug: group_slug,
                 charts: Vec::new(),
+                summary: None,
             });
             current = Some(key);
         }
@@ -498,6 +582,7 @@ fn collect_compression_time_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
             name: "Compression".into(),
             slug: GroupKey::CompressionTimeGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
+            summary: None,
         }))
     }
 }
@@ -542,6 +627,7 @@ fn collect_compression_size_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
             name: "Compression Size".into(),
             slug: GroupKey::CompressionSizeGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
+            summary: None,
         }))
     }
 }
@@ -570,6 +656,7 @@ fn collect_random_access_group(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Group>> {
             name: "Random Access".into(),
             slug: GroupKey::RandomAccessGroup.to_slug(),
             charts,
+            summary: None,
         }))
     }
 }
@@ -606,6 +693,7 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
                 name: format!("{dataset} / {layout}"),
                 slug: group_slug,
                 charts: Vec::new(),
+                summary: None,
             });
             current = Some(key);
         }
@@ -627,6 +715,358 @@ fn collect_vector_search_groups(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Vec<Group>> {
     Ok(groups)
 }
 
+fn collect_group_summary(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    key: &GroupKey,
+    charts: &[ChartLink],
+) -> Result<Option<Summary>> {
+    match key {
+        GroupKey::QueryGroup {
+            dataset,
+            dataset_variant,
+            scale_factor,
+            storage,
+        } if query_group_has_v2_summary(dataset) => {
+            collect_query_summary(conn, dataset, dataset_variant, scale_factor, storage)
+        }
+        GroupKey::QueryGroup { .. } => Ok(None),
+        GroupKey::CompressionTimeGroup => collect_compression_summary(conn),
+        GroupKey::CompressionSizeGroup => collect_compression_size_summary(conn),
+        GroupKey::RandomAccessGroup => collect_random_access_summary(conn, charts),
+        GroupKey::VectorSearchGroup { .. } => Ok(None),
+    }
+}
+
+fn query_group_has_v2_summary(dataset: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        dataset,
+        "clickbench" | "statpopgen" | "polarsignals" | "tpch" | "tpcds"
+    )
+}
+
+fn collect_random_access_summary(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    charts: &[ChartLink],
+) -> Result<Option<Summary>> {
+    for chart in charts {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+            r#"
+            SELECT r.format, CAST(r.value_ns AS DOUBLE)
+              FROM random_access_times r
+              JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+             WHERE r.dataset = ?
+               AND r.value_ns > 0
+               AND c.timestamp = (
+                    SELECT MAX(c2.timestamp)
+                      FROM random_access_times r2
+                      JOIN commits c2 USING (commit_sha)
+                     WHERE r2.dataset = ?
+                       AND r2.value_ns > 0
+               )
+             ORDER BY r.value_ns, r.format
+            "#,
+        )?;
+        let rows = stmt.query_map([chart.name.as_str(), chart.name.as_str()], |row| {
+            Ok(RandomAccessRanking {
+                name: row.get(0)?,
+                time: row.get(1)?,
+                ratio: 0.0,
+            })
+        })?;
+        let mut rankings = rows.collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+        let Some(min_time) = rankings.iter().map(|r| r.time).reduce(f64::min) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if min_time <= 0.0 || !min_time.is_finite() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        for r in &mut rankings {
+            r.ratio = r.time / min_time;
+        }
+        rankings.sort_by(|a, b| a.time.total_cmp(&b.time).then_with(|| a.name.cmp(&b.name)));
+        return Ok(Some(Summary::RandomAccess {
+            title: "Random Access Performance",
+            rankings,
+            explanation: "Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)",
+        }));
+    }
+    Ok(None)
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_summary(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Summary>> {
+    let timestamp = match latest_compression_ratio_timestamp(conn, "encode")? {
+        Some(ts) => ts,
+        None => match latest_compression_ratio_timestamp(conn, "decode")? {
+            Some(ts) => ts,
+            None => return Ok(None),
+        },
+    };
+
+    let compress = compression_speedups_at(conn, "encode", &timestamp)?;
+    let decompress = compression_speedups_at(conn, "decode", &timestamp)?;
+    if compress.is_empty() && decompress.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    Ok(Some(Summary::Compression {
+        title: "Compression Throughput vs Parquet",
+        compress_ratio: geo_mean(&compress),
+        decompress_ratio: geo_mean(&decompress),
+        dataset_count: compress.len(),
+        explanation: "Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)",
+    }))
+}
+
+fn latest_compression_ratio_timestamp(conn: &Connection, op: &str) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+    conn.query_row(
+        r#"
+        SELECT CAST(MAX(ts) AS VARCHAR)
+          FROM (
+            SELECT c.timestamp AS ts
+              FROM compression_times v
+              JOIN compression_times p
+                ON p.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+               AND p.dataset = v.dataset
+               AND p.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM v.dataset_variant
+               AND p.op = v.op
+              JOIN commits c ON c.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+             WHERE v.op = ?
+               AND v.format = 'vortex-file-compressed'
+               AND p.format = 'parquet'
+               AND v.value_ns > 0
+               AND p.value_ns > 0
+               AND lower(v.dataset) NOT LIKE '%wide table%'
+          )
+        "#,
+        [op],
+        |row| row.get(0),
+    )
+    .context("latest compression ratio timestamp")
+}
+
+fn compression_speedups_at(conn: &Connection, op: &str, timestamp: &str) -> Result<Vec<f64>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT CAST(p.value_ns AS DOUBLE) / CAST(v.value_ns AS DOUBLE)
+          FROM compression_times v
+          JOIN compression_times p
+            ON p.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+           AND p.dataset = v.dataset
+           AND p.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM v.dataset_variant
+           AND p.op = v.op
+          JOIN commits c ON c.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+         WHERE v.op = ?
+           AND v.format = 'vortex-file-compressed'
+           AND p.format = 'parquet'
+           AND v.value_ns > 0
+           AND p.value_ns > 0
+           AND lower(v.dataset) NOT LIKE '%wide table%'
+           AND c.timestamp = CAST(? AS TIMESTAMPTZ)
+         ORDER BY v.dataset, v.dataset_variant NULLS FIRST
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([op, timestamp], |row| row.get::<_, f64>(0))?;
+    rows.collect::<Result<_, _>>()
+        .context("compression speedups")
+}
+
+fn collect_compression_size_summary(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<Summary>> {
+    let Some(timestamp) = latest_compression_size_ratio_timestamp(conn)? else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+    let ratios = compression_size_ratios_at(conn, &timestamp)?;
+    let Some(mean_ratio) = geo_mean(&ratios) else {
+        return Ok(None);
+    };
+    let min_ratio = ratios.iter().copied().fold(f64::INFINITY, f64::min);
+    let max_ratio = ratios.iter().copied().fold(f64::NEG_INFINITY, f64::max);
+
+    Ok(Some(Summary::CompressionSize {
+        title: "Compression Size Summary",
+        min_ratio,
+        mean_ratio,
+        max_ratio,
+        dataset_count: ratios.len(),
+        explanation: "Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)",
+    }))
+}
+
+fn latest_compression_size_ratio_timestamp(conn: &Connection) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+    conn.query_row(
+        r#"
+        SELECT CAST(MAX(ts) AS VARCHAR)
+          FROM (
+            SELECT c.timestamp AS ts
+              FROM compression_sizes v
+              JOIN compression_sizes p
+                ON p.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+               AND p.dataset = v.dataset
+               AND p.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM v.dataset_variant
+              JOIN commits c ON c.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+             WHERE v.format = 'vortex-file-compressed'
+               AND p.format = 'parquet'
+               AND v.value_bytes > 0
+               AND p.value_bytes > 0
+               AND lower(v.dataset) NOT LIKE '%wide table%'
+          )
+        "#,
+        [],
+        |row| row.get(0),
+    )
+    .context("latest compression-size ratio timestamp")
+}
+
+fn compression_size_ratios_at(conn: &Connection, timestamp: &str) -> Result<Vec<f64>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        SELECT CAST(v.value_bytes AS DOUBLE) / CAST(p.value_bytes AS DOUBLE)
+          FROM compression_sizes v
+          JOIN compression_sizes p
+            ON p.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+           AND p.dataset = v.dataset
+           AND p.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM v.dataset_variant
+          JOIN commits c ON c.commit_sha = v.commit_sha
+         WHERE v.format = 'vortex-file-compressed'
+           AND p.format = 'parquet'
+           AND v.value_bytes > 0
+           AND p.value_bytes > 0
+           AND lower(v.dataset) NOT LIKE '%wide table%'
+           AND c.timestamp = CAST(? AS TIMESTAMPTZ)
+         ORDER BY v.dataset, v.dataset_variant NULLS FIRST
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let rows = stmt.query_map([timestamp], |row| row.get::<_, f64>(0))?;
+    rows.collect::<Result<_, _>>()
+        .context("compression size ratios")
+}
+
+fn collect_query_summary(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    dataset: &str,
+    dataset_variant: &Option<String>,
+    scale_factor: &Option<String>,
+    storage: &str,
+) -> Result<Option<Summary>> {
+    let mut stmt = conn.prepare(
+        r#"
+        WITH latest AS (
+            SELECT q.query_idx,
+                   q.engine || ':' || q.format AS series,
+                   CAST(q.value_ns AS DOUBLE) AS value_ns,
+                   row_number() OVER (
+                       PARTITION BY q.query_idx, q.engine, q.format
+                       ORDER BY c.timestamp DESC
+                   ) AS rn
+              FROM query_measurements q
+              JOIN commits c USING (commit_sha)
+             WHERE q.dataset = ?
+               AND q.dataset_variant IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+               AND q.scale_factor    IS NOT DISTINCT FROM ?
+               AND q.storage = ?
+               AND q.value_ns > 0
+        )
+        SELECT query_idx, series, value_ns
+          FROM latest
+         WHERE rn = 1
+         ORDER BY query_idx, series
+        "#,
+    )?;
+    let binds: Vec<Box<dyn ToSql>> = vec![
+        Box::new(dataset.to_string()),
+        Box::new(dataset_variant.clone()),
+        Box::new(scale_factor.clone()),
+        Box::new(storage.to_string()),
+    ];
+    let rows = stmt.query_map(params_from_iter(binds.iter()), |row| {
+        Ok((
+            row.get::<_, i32>(0)?,
+            row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
+            row.get::<_, f64>(2)?,
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let mut queries = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut values_by_series: BTreeMap<String, BTreeMap<i32, f64>> = BTreeMap::new();
+    for row in rows {
+        let (query_idx, series, value_ns) = row?;
+        queries.insert(query_idx);
+        values_by_series
+            .entry(series)
+            .or_default()
+            .insert(query_idx, value_ns);
+    }
+    if values_by_series.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    let mut best_by_query: BTreeMap<i32, f64> = BTreeMap::new();
+    for query_idx in &queries {
+        let best = values_by_series
+            .values()
+            .filter_map(|series_values| series_values.get(query_idx).copied())
+            .fold(f64::INFINITY, f64::min);
+        if best.is_finite() {
+            best_by_query.insert(*query_idx, best);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut rankings = Vec::new();
+    for (name, query_values) in values_by_series {
+        let total_runtime: f64 = query_values.values().sum();
+        let max_runtime = query_values
+            .values()
+            .copied()
+            .fold(f64::NEG_INFINITY, f64::max);
+        if !max_runtime.is_finite() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let penalty = max_runtime.max(300_000.0) * 2.0;
+        let ratios = queries
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|query_idx| {
+                let base = best_by_query.get(query_idx).copied()?;
+                let value = query_values.get(query_idx).copied().unwrap_or(penalty);
+                Some((10.0 + value) / (10.0 + base))
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let Some(score) = geo_mean(&ratios) else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        rankings.push(QueryRanking {
+            name,
+            score,
+            total_runtime,
+        });
+    }
+    rankings.sort_by(|a, b| {
+        a.score
+            .total_cmp(&b.score)
+            .then_with(|| a.name.cmp(&b.name))
+    });
+
+    if rankings.is_empty() {
+        Ok(None)
+    } else {
+        Ok(Some(Summary::QueryBenchmark {
+            title: "Performance Summary",
+            rankings,
+            explanation: "Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)",
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+fn geo_mean(values: &[f64]) -> Option<f64> {
+    let mut sum_ln = 0.0;
+    let mut n = 0usize;
+    for value in values {
+        if *value > 0.0 && value.is_finite() {
+            sum_ln += value.ln();
+            n += 1;
+        }
+    }
+    (n > 0).then(|| (sum_ln / n as f64).exp())
+}
+
 /// Build the JSON payload for one chart by key. This is the shared
 /// implementation behind `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON
 /// rendered into the HTML pages, and `collect_group_charts`.
@@ -716,6 +1156,7 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_group_charts(
     }
     Ok(Some(GroupChartsResponse {
         name: group.name,
+        summary: group.summary,
         charts,
     }))
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index cbc24820ef4..3572b95f1a7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@
 //! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single chart page; permalink for sharing.
 //! - `GET /group/{slug}` — every chart in one group on a single page.
 //!
-//! Each chart card owns its own toolbar (scope buttons + slider, Y-axis,
-//! mode). There is no page-level toolbar — every chart is independent. Scope
-//! is **zoom-as-scope**: each chart fetches up to [`api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW`]
+//! Each chart card owns its own compact toolbar (scope slider + Y-axis). There
+//! is no page-level toolbar — every chart is independent. Scope is
+//! **zoom-as-scope**: each chart fetches up to [`api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW`]
 //! commits once, then the toolbar manipulates `chart.options.scales.x.min`/
 //! `max` to set the visible window. No refetches on scope change.
 //!
@@ -56,13 +56,14 @@ use crate::api::ChartResponse;
 use crate::api::CommitWindow;
 use crate::api::GroupChartsResponse;
 use crate::api::NamedChartResponse;
+use crate::api::Summary;
 use crate::app::AppState;
 use crate::db;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
-/// How many commits each chart pre-fetches. The toolbar's "scope" buttons
-/// zoom into smaller windows of this slice; we never refetch on scope change.
+/// How many commits each chart pre-fetches. The toolbar's scope slider zooms
+/// into smaller windows of this slice; we never refetch on scope change.
 /// Capped at the API ceiling so a future bigger ceiling is picked up here too.
 const PER_CHART_FETCH_N: u32 = api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW;
 
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
 const CHART_ZOOM_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
 const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
+const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-4";
 
 /// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
@@ -146,6 +148,7 @@ async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Re
 /// HTML small.
 struct LandingGroup {
     name: String,
+    summary: Option<Summary>,
     /// Chart links for every chart in the group. Always present — we need
     /// the slugs server-side so the chart-card shell can carry
     /// `data-chart-slug` for the lazy fetch.
@@ -188,6 +191,7 @@ fn collect_landing_groups(conn: &Connection, window: &CommitWindow) -> Result<Ve
         };
         out.push(LandingGroup {
             name: group.name,
+            summary: group.summary,
             chart_links: group.charts,
             inlined,
         });
@@ -280,6 +284,10 @@ enum PageScripts {
 }
 
 fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
+    let style_href = versioned_asset("/static/style.css");
+    let chart_js_src = versioned_asset("/static/chart.umd.js");
+    let chart_zoom_src = versioned_asset("/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
+    let chart_init_src = versioned_asset("/static/chart-init.js");
     html! {
         (DOCTYPE)
         html lang="en" {
@@ -287,7 +295,7 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
                 meta charset="utf-8";
                 meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1";
                 title { (title) }
-                link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css";
+                link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
                 header.page-header {
@@ -297,12 +305,12 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
                 main { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
                     PageScripts::Empty => {
-                        script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
+                        script src=(chart_init_src) defer {}
                     },
                     PageScripts::Chart => {
-                        script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer {}
-                        script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer {}
-                        script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer {}
+                        script src=(chart_js_src) defer {}
+                        script src=(chart_zoom_src) defer {}
+                        script src=(chart_init_src) defer {}
                     },
                 }
             }
@@ -321,18 +329,19 @@ fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup]) -> Markup {
     // `<script id="chart-data-N">` agree across groups.
     let mut idx_iter = 0usize..total_charts;
     html! {
-        div.landing-search {
-            input #group-search type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…"
-                autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false";
-        }
         @for (group_idx, group) in groups.iter().enumerate() {
-            details.group-details
-                data-group-name=(group.name)
-                open[group_idx == 0] {
-                summary.group-summary {
-                    span.group-name { (group.name) }
-                    span.group-count { (group.chart_links.len()) }
+            section.group-details data-group-name=(group.name) {
+                details.group-disclosure open[group_idx == 0] {
+                    summary.group-summary {
+                        span.group-summary-row {
+                            span.group-name { (group.name) }
+                            span.group-count {
+                                (group.chart_links.len()) " chart" @if group.chart_links.len() != 1 { "s" }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
+                (summary_markup(group.summary.as_ref()))
                 div.chart-grid {
                     @for (chart_idx, link) in group.chart_links.iter().enumerate() {
                         @let idx = idx_iter.next().expect("indices match charts");
@@ -408,6 +417,7 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
         p.chart-meta {
             (chart_count) " chart" @if chart_count != 1 { "s" }
         }
+        (summary_markup(group.summary.as_ref()))
         div.chart-grid {
             @for (i, item) in group.charts.iter().enumerate() {
                 @let permalink = format!("/chart/{}", item.slug);
@@ -435,6 +445,140 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
+fn summary_markup(summary: Option<&Summary>) -> Markup {
+    let Some(summary) = summary else {
+        return html! {};
+    };
+    match summary {
+        Summary::RandomAccess {
+            title,
+            rankings,
+            explanation,
+        } if !rankings.is_empty() => html! {
+            section.benchmark-scores-summary aria-label=(title) {
+                h3.scores-title { (title) }
+                div.scores-list {
+                    @for (idx, item) in rankings.iter().enumerate() {
+                        div.score-item {
+                            span.score-rank { "#" (idx + 1) }
+                            span.score-series title=(item.name) { (item.name) }
+                            span.score-metrics {
+                                span.score-value { (format_time_ns(item.time)) }
+                                span.score-runtime { (format!("{:.2}x", item.ratio)) }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                div.scores-explanation { (explanation) }
+            }
+        },
+        Summary::Compression {
+            title,
+            compress_ratio,
+            decompress_ratio,
+            dataset_count: _,
+            explanation,
+        } if compress_ratio.is_some() || decompress_ratio.is_some() => html! {
+            section.benchmark-scores-summary aria-label=(title) {
+                h3.scores-title { (title) }
+                div.scores-list {
+                    @if let Some(v) = compress_ratio {
+                        div.score-item {
+                            span.score-rank { "write" }
+                            span.score-series { "Write Speed (Compression)" }
+                            span.score-metrics {
+                                span.score-value { (format!("{v:.2}x")) }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    @if let Some(v) = decompress_ratio {
+                        div.score-item {
+                            span.score-rank { "scan" }
+                            span.score-series { "Scan Speed (Decompression)" }
+                            span.score-metrics {
+                                span.score-value { (format!("{v:.2}x")) }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                div.scores-explanation { (explanation) }
+            }
+        },
+        Summary::CompressionSize {
+            title,
+            min_ratio,
+            mean_ratio,
+            max_ratio,
+            dataset_count: _,
+            explanation,
+        } => html! {
+            section.benchmark-scores-summary aria-label=(title) {
+                h3.scores-title { (title) }
+                div.scores-list {
+                    div.score-item {
+                        span.score-rank { "min" }
+                        span.score-series { "Min Size Ratio" }
+                        span.score-metrics {
+                            span.score-value { (format!("{min_ratio:.2}x")) }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    div.score-item {
+                        span.score-rank { "mean" }
+                        span.score-series { "Mean Size Ratio" }
+                        span.score-metrics {
+                            span.score-value { (format!("{mean_ratio:.2}x")) }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    div.score-item {
+                        span.score-rank { "max" }
+                        span.score-series { "Max Size Ratio" }
+                        span.score-metrics {
+                            span.score-value { (format!("{max_ratio:.2}x")) }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                div.scores-explanation { (explanation) }
+            }
+        },
+        Summary::QueryBenchmark {
+            title,
+            rankings,
+            explanation,
+        } if !rankings.is_empty() => html! {
+            section.benchmark-scores-summary aria-label=(title) {
+                h3.scores-title { (title) }
+                div.scores-list {
+                    @for (idx, item) in rankings.iter().enumerate() {
+                        div.score-item {
+                            span.score-rank { "#" (idx + 1) }
+                            span.score-series title=(item.name) { (item.name) }
+                            span.score-metrics {
+                                span.score-value { (format!("{:.2}x", item.score)) }
+                                span.score-runtime { (format_time_ns(item.total_runtime)) }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                div.scores-explanation { (explanation) }
+            }
+        },
+        _ => html! {},
+    }
+}
+
+fn format_time_ns(ns: f64) -> String {
+    let abs = ns.abs();
+    if abs >= 1_000_000_000.0 {
+        format!("{:.2} s", ns / 1_000_000_000.0)
+    } else if abs >= 1_000_000.0 {
+        format!("{:.2} ms", ns / 1_000_000.0)
+    } else if abs >= 1_000.0 {
+        format!("{:.2} us", ns / 1_000.0)
+    } else {
+        format!("{ns:.0} ns")
+    }
+}
+
 /// Render the per-chart toolbar. `idx` namespaces input ids so multiple
 /// charts on the same page don't collide on `<input id="...">`.
 ///
@@ -442,32 +586,20 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
 /// not navigate or rewrite the URL, it manipulates Chart.js state in place.
 fn per_chart_toolbar(idx: usize) -> Markup {
     let slider_id = format!("scope-slider-{idx}");
-    let label_id = format!("scope-slider-label-{idx}");
     html! {
         div.toolbar.toolbar--card aria-label="Chart controls" {
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Visible commits" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Show" }
-                @for opt in ["25", "50", "100", "250", "all"] {
-                    button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active[opt == "100"]
-                        type="button"
-                        data-scope=(opt) { (opt) }
-                }
                 input id=(slider_id).toolbar-slider type="range"
                     min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100"
                     data-role="scope-slider"
                     aria-label="Custom commit window";
-                span id=(label_id).toolbar-slider-label data-role="scope-slider-label" { "100" }
             }
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Y" }
                 button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active type="button" data-y="linear" { "linear" }
                 button.toolbar-btn type="button" data-y="log" { "log" }
             }
-            div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Display mode" {
-                span.toolbar-label { "Mode" }
-                button.toolbar-btn.toolbar-btn--active type="button" data-mode="abs" { "abs" }
-                button.toolbar-btn type="button" data-mode="rel" { "rel" }
-            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -484,13 +616,14 @@ fn escape_json_for_script(s: &str) -> String {
 }
 
 fn error_page(status: StatusCode, message: &str) -> Response {
+    let style_href = versioned_asset("/static/style.css");
     let body = html! {
         (DOCTYPE)
         html lang="en" {
             head {
                 meta charset="utf-8";
                 title { (status.as_u16()) " — bench.vortex.dev" }
-                link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css";
+                link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
                 header.page-header {
@@ -506,6 +639,10 @@ fn error_page(status: StatusCode, message: &str) -> Response {
     (status, body).into_response()
 }
 
+fn versioned_asset(path: &str) -> String {
+    format!("{path}?v={STATIC_ASSET_VERSION}")
+}
+
 async fn serve_chart_js() -> impl IntoResponse {
     static_response(CHART_JS, "application/javascript; charset=utf-8")
 }
@@ -526,7 +663,10 @@ fn static_response(bytes: &'static [u8], content_type: &'static str) -> Response
     (
         [
             (header::CONTENT_TYPE, content_type),
-            (header::CACHE_CONTROL, "public, max-age=3600"),
+            (
+                header::CACHE_CONTROL,
+                "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate",
+            ),
         ],
         bytes,
     )
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index 85d6480091c..922a1c72a5b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -2,15 +2,14 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
 // Hydrate Chart.js charts on /, /chart/:slug, and /group/:slug, plus the
-// landing-page client-side filter and the lazy-fetch-on-toggle behaviour for
-// closed `<details>` groups.
+// lazy-fetch-on-toggle behaviour for closed `<details>` groups.
 //
 // Per-chart UX:
 //   - Each `.chart-card` carries `data-chart-slug`. The card *owns* its own
 //     toolbar (`.toolbar--card`) — there is no page-level toolbar.
-//   - Each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once. The toolbar's "Show" buttons
-//     and slider set `chart.options.scales.x.min/max` to reveal a window of
-//     that fetched slice; we never refetch on a scope change.
+//   - Each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once. The toolbar's slider sets
+//     `chart.options.scales.x.min/max` to reveal a window of that fetched
+//     slice; we never refetch on a scope change.
 //   - The slider is throttled to ~16ms (one frame at 60fps) per v2's
 //     `CONFIG.ZOOM_THROTTLE_DELAY` so dragging the slider feels continuous.
 //   - Mouse wheel pans horizontally (chartjs-plugin-zoom does not expose
@@ -235,54 +234,36 @@
     try { return JSON.parse(s.textContent); } catch (e) { return null; }
   }
 
-  function buildDatasets(payload, mode) {
+  function buildDatasets(payload) {
     var raw = payload.series || {};
     var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
     var values = names.map(function (name) {
       return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
     });
 
-    if (mode === "rel") {
-      values = values.map(function (arr) {
-        var baseline = null;
-        for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
-          if (arr[i] !== null && arr[i] !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(arr[i])) {
-            baseline = arr[i];
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if (!baseline) return arr.map(function () { return null; });
-        return arr.map(function (v) {
-          if (v === null || v === undefined || Number.isNaN(v)) return null;
-          return (v / baseline) * 100;
-        });
-      });
-    }
-
     return names.map(function (name, i) {
       return {
         label: name,
         data: values[i],
         rawData: raw[name],
         borderColor: colorFor(i),
-        backgroundColor: colorFor(i),
+        backgroundColor: colorFor(i) + "20",
+        borderWidth: 1.5,
         spanGaps: true,
-        tension: 0.1,
+        tension: 0,
         pointRadius: 2,
         pointHoverRadius: 5,
+        pointHitRadius: 8,
+        pointStyle: "cross",
       };
     });
   }
 
-  function yAxisTitle(payload, mode) {
-    return mode === "rel" ? "% of baseline" : (payload.unit || "");
-  }
-
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Per-card construction. State lives on the canvas:
   //   canvas.__bench_chart   — Chart.js instance
   //   canvas.__bench_payload — last-fetched ChartResponse
-  //   canvas.__bench_state   — { y, mode, scope } (per-chart toolbar state)
+  //   canvas.__bench_state   — { y, scope } (per-chart toolbar state)
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   function constructChart(card) {
     var idx = card.getAttribute("data-chart-index");
@@ -294,11 +275,11 @@
     if (!payload) return null;
     canvas.__bench_payload = payload;
 
-    var state = canvas.__bench_state || { y: "linear", mode: "abs", scope: DEFAULT_VISIBLE };
+    var state = canvas.__bench_state || { y: "linear", scope: DEFAULT_VISIBLE };
     canvas.__bench_state = state;
 
     var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
-    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload, state.mode);
+    var datasets = buildDatasets(payload);
     var host = card.querySelector(".chart-tooltip-host");
     var range = visibleRange(labels.length, state.scope);
     var legendPosition = (window.matchMedia
@@ -320,8 +301,8 @@
         scales: {
           y: {
             type: state.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear",
-            beginAtZero: state.y !== "log" && state.mode !== "rel",
-            title: { display: true, text: yAxisTitle(payload, state.mode) },
+            beginAtZero: state.y !== "log",
+            title: { display: true, text: payload.unit || "" },
           },
           x: {
             min: range.min,
@@ -378,10 +359,10 @@
       var dx = (Math.abs(e.deltaX) > Math.abs(e.deltaY)) ? e.deltaX : e.deltaY;
       if (!dx) return;
       e.preventDefault();
-      // Pan negative deltaX → forward in time. Multiplier tuned for trackpad
-      // feel; fast wheels still travel quickly because we accumulate deltas
-      // through the plugin's pan handler.
-      chart.pan({ x: -dx * 0.5 }, undefined, "none");
+      // Browser wheel-down reports a positive delta. In Chart.js pan space,
+      // positive x moves the visible window toward older commits, while
+      // negative x moves back toward newer commits.
+      chart.pan({ x: dx * 0.5 }, undefined, "none");
     }, { passive: false });
   }
 
@@ -417,26 +398,11 @@
     if (!chart) return;
     canvas.__bench_state.y = yValue;
     chart.options.scales.y.type = yValue === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear";
-    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = yValue !== "log"
-      && canvas.__bench_state.mode !== "rel";
+    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = yValue !== "log";
     chart.update("none");
     syncToolbarUi(card, "y", yValue);
   }
 
-  function applyMode(card, modeValue) {
-    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
-    var chart = canvas && canvas.__bench_chart;
-    if (!chart) return;
-    canvas.__bench_state.mode = modeValue;
-    var payload = canvas.__bench_payload;
-    chart.data.datasets = buildDatasets(payload, modeValue);
-    chart.options.scales.y.beginAtZero = canvas.__bench_state.y !== "log"
-      && modeValue !== "rel";
-    chart.options.scales.y.title.text = yAxisTitle(payload, modeValue);
-    chart.update("none");
-    syncToolbarUi(card, "mode", modeValue);
-  }
-
   function syncToolbarUi(card, group, value) {
     var attr = "data-" + group;
     card.querySelectorAll(".toolbar-btn[" + attr + "]").forEach(function (b) {
@@ -444,8 +410,6 @@
     });
     if (group === "scope") {
       var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
-      var label = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider-label"]');
-      if (label) label.textContent = value;
       if (slider && /^\d+$/.test(value)) slider.value = value;
     }
   }
@@ -458,19 +422,15 @@
     toolbar.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
       var btn = e.target.closest(".toolbar-btn");
       if (!btn || !toolbar.contains(btn)) return;
-      if (btn.hasAttribute("data-scope")) applyScope(card, btn.getAttribute("data-scope"));
-      else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-y")) applyY(card, btn.getAttribute("data-y"));
-      else if (btn.hasAttribute("data-mode")) applyMode(card, btn.getAttribute("data-mode"));
+      if (btn.hasAttribute("data-y")) applyY(card, btn.getAttribute("data-y"));
     });
 
     var slider = toolbar.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
-    var label = toolbar.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider-label"]');
     if (slider) {
       // `input` (continuous), throttled so dragging stays at ~60fps even on
       // pages with dozens of charts. Last value still lands because
       // `throttle` preserves the trailing call.
       var throttled = throttle(function () {
-        if (label) label.textContent = slider.value;
         applyScope(card, slider.value);
       }, ZOOM_THROTTLE_MS);
       slider.addEventListener("input", throttled);
@@ -546,9 +506,11 @@
     if (!cards.length) return;
 
     var construct = function (card) {
-      // Skip cards inside closed `<details>` — they'll be picked up on
-      // toggle. The details element has `open` set when the user expands.
-      var details = card.closest("details");
+      // Skip cards whose group disclosure is closed — they'll be picked up
+      // on toggle. Summaries live outside the disclosure so they remain
+      // visible while the chart grid is collapsed.
+      var group = card.closest(".group-details");
+      var details = group ? group.querySelector("details.group-disclosure") : null;
       if (details && !details.open) return;
       if (constructChart(card)) bindToolbar(card);
     };
@@ -569,32 +531,20 @@
   }
 
   function initDetailsToggle() {
-    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("details.group-details");
+    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("details.group-disclosure");
     groups.forEach(function (d) {
       d.addEventListener("toggle", function () {
         if (!d.open) return;
-        d.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]").forEach(function (card) {
+        var group = d.closest(".group-details");
+        if (!group) return;
+        group.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]").forEach(function (card) {
           fetchAndConstruct(card);
         });
       });
     });
   }
 
-  function initLandingFilter() {
-    var input = document.getElementById("group-search");
-    if (!input) return;
-    var groups = document.querySelectorAll("details.group-details[data-group-name]");
-    input.addEventListener("input", function () {
-      var q = input.value.toLowerCase();
-      groups.forEach(function (g) {
-        var name = (g.getAttribute("data-group-name") || "").toLowerCase();
-        g.style.display = !q || name.indexOf(q) !== -1 ? "" : "none";
-      });
-    });
-  }
-
   function init() {
-    initLandingFilter();
     initDetailsToggle();
     initOpenCharts();
   }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index a72f6c09e3c..5cc5fbedf1a 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -3,33 +3,37 @@
 
 :root {
   --bg: #ffffff;
-  --fg: #1a1a1a;
-  --muted: #6b6b6b;
-  --accent: #2563eb;
+  --page-bg: #fafafa;
+  --fg: #101010;
+  --muted: #666666;
+  --accent: #5971fd;
   --accent-fg: #ffffff;
-  --border: #e4e4e7;
-  --card-bg: #fafafa;
-  --code-bg: #f3f4f6;
+  --border: #ececec;
+  --card-bg: #ffffff;
+  --code-bg: #fafafa;
   --tooltip-bg: #1a1a1a;
   --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
   --good: #16a34a;
   --bad: #dc2626;
+  --shadow-md: 0 4px 8px rgba(16, 16, 16, 0.08);
 }
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
   :root {
-    --bg: #0f1115;
-    --fg: #e6e6e6;
-    --muted: #a1a1aa;
-    --accent: #60a5fa;
-    --accent-fg: #0f1115;
-    --border: #27272a;
-    --card-bg: #16181d;
-    --code-bg: #1f2229;
+    --bg: #050507;
+    --page-bg: #121219;
+    --fg: #f5f5f7;
+    --muted: #a0a0b0;
+    --accent: #8a9cff;
+    --accent-fg: #050507;
+    --border: #30303a;
+    --card-bg: #050507;
+    --code-bg: #121219;
     --tooltip-bg: #1a1c22;
     --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
     --good: #4ade80;
     --bad: #f87171;
+    --shadow-md: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
   }
 }
 
@@ -38,12 +42,15 @@
 html, body {
   margin: 0;
   padding: 0;
-  background: var(--bg);
+  width: 100%;
+  min-width: 0;
+  overflow-x: hidden;
+  background: var(--page-bg);
   color: var(--fg);
   font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto,
     "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
-  font-size: 15px;
-  line-height: 1.5;
+  font-size: 16px;
+  line-height: 1.6;
 }
 
 a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
@@ -51,7 +58,9 @@ a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
 
 .page-header {
   border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
-  padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  padding: 1rem 2rem;
+  width: 100%;
 }
 .page-header h1 { margin: 0; font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 600; }
 .page-header h1 a { color: var(--fg); }
@@ -62,9 +71,18 @@ a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
 }
 
 main {
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 1.5rem;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: none;
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 2rem;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1600px) {
+  main { padding: 2.5rem 3.75rem; }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1920px) {
+  main { padding: 3rem 5rem; }
 }
 
 .empty {
@@ -72,69 +90,159 @@ main {
   font-style: italic;
 }
 
-/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- * Landing page — collapsible groups
- * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-.landing-search {
-  margin-bottom: 1rem;
-}
-.landing-search input {
+.group-details {
   width: 100%;
-  max-width: 32rem;
-  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  max-width: none;
+  margin-bottom: 3rem;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 6px;
+  border-radius: 12px;
   background: var(--bg);
-  color: var(--fg);
-  font: inherit;
-}
-
-.group-details {
-  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
-  border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 6px;
-  background: var(--card-bg);
-  overflow: clip;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
 }
-.group-details[open] {
-  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
+.group-disclosure {
+  display: block;
 }
 .group-summary {
   list-style: none;
   cursor: pointer;
-  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
+  display: block;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
+  user-select: none;
+}
+.group-summary-row {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;
-  gap: 0.5rem;
-  user-select: none;
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+  padding: 1rem 2rem;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
 }
 .group-summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
-.group-summary::before {
+.group-summary-row::before {
   content: "▶";
   display: inline-block;
-  width: 0.85rem;
-  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  width: 1rem;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  font-size: 0.9rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+  text-align: center;
   color: var(--muted);
   transition: transform 120ms ease;
 }
-.group-details[open] > .group-summary::before {
+.group-disclosure[open] > .group-summary .group-summary-row::before {
   transform: rotate(90deg);
 }
-.group-summary:hover { background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 0.06); }
+.group-summary:hover .group-summary-row { background: var(--bg); }
 .group-name {
   font-weight: 600;
-  font-size: 0.95rem;
+  font-size: 1.35rem;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+  letter-spacing: 0;
 }
 .group-count {
   color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 0.78rem;
-  border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  padding: 0.05rem 0.45rem;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
   font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
+  line-height: 1;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
 }
 .group-details > .chart-grid {
-  padding: 0 0.75rem;
+  padding: 1.25rem;
+  background: var(--bg);
+}
+
+.benchmark-scores-summary {
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  padding: 0.75rem 2rem;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.group-disclosure:not([open]) ~ .chart-grid {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.group-details > .chart-grid .chart-card:last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.chart-meta + .benchmark-scores-summary {
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+.scores-title {
+  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  font-weight: 650;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+}
+
+.scores-list {
+  column-count: 2;
+  column-gap: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.score-item {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+  padding: 0.25rem 0;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  break-inside: avoid;
+}
+
+.score-rank {
+  min-width: 2.25rem;
+  color: var(--accent);
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  font-weight: 650;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.score-series {
+  min-width: 0;
+  flex: 1;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font-weight: 550;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.score-metrics {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 0.4rem;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.score-value,
+.score-runtime {
+  font-family: ui-monospace, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
+  font-size: 0.8rem;
+  font-weight: 650;
+}
+
+.score-value { color: var(--accent); }
+.score-runtime { color: var(--muted); }
+
+.scores-explanation {
+  margin-top: 0.45rem;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.72rem;
+  font-style: italic;
+  text-align: center;
 }
 
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -188,17 +296,9 @@ main {
 }
 .toolbar-btn--active:hover { color: var(--accent-fg); }
 .toolbar-slider {
-  width: 6.5rem;
+  width: 12rem;
   accent-color: var(--accent);
 }
-.toolbar-slider-label {
-  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
-  font-size: 0.78rem;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  min-width: 2.2rem;
-  text-align: right;
-}
-
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Single-chart + group-page chart card
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -215,12 +315,19 @@ main {
 }
 
 .chart-card {
+  min-width: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: none;
   position: relative;
   border: 1px solid var(--border);
-  border-radius: 6px;
+  border-radius: 8px;
   background: var(--card-bg);
-  padding: 0.75rem 1rem 1rem;
+  padding: 1.25rem;
   margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease;
+}
+.chart-card:hover {
+  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
 }
 .chart-card-title {
   margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
@@ -231,14 +338,17 @@ main {
 .chart-card-title a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
 
 .chart-grid {
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: none;
   display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(420px, 1fr));
-  gap: 0.75rem;
+  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+  gap: 1rem;
 }
 
 .chart-wrap {
+  width: 100%;
   position: relative;
-  height: 320px;
+  height: 420px;
 }
 .chart-card .chart-wrap canvas,
 .chart-wrap canvas {
@@ -246,9 +356,20 @@ main {
   height: 100% !important;
 }
 
-/* Single-chart pages get a taller area; group cards keep the compact 320px. */
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .chart-grid {
+    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
+    gap: 1.5rem;
+  }
+
+  .chart-wrap {
+    height: 450px;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Single-chart pages get a taller area; group cards keep the compact 450px. */
 main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
-  height: 480px;
+  height: 680px;
 }
 
 .no-script {
@@ -370,6 +491,34 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
   main { padding: 1rem; }
+  .group-details {
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
+    border-radius: 8px;
+  }
+  .group-summary {
+    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;
+  }
+  .group-summary-row {
+    flex-wrap: wrap;
+    gap: 0.5rem;
+    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  }
+  .group-name {
+    flex: 1 1 auto;
+    min-width: 0;
+    font-size: 1.1rem;
+    word-break: break-word;
+  }
+  .group-count {
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    font-size: 0.65rem;
+  }
+  .group-details > .chart-grid {
+    padding: 0.75rem;
+  }
+  .benchmark-scores-summary {
+    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
+  }
   .toolbar--card {
     gap: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
     padding: 0.4rem 0.45rem;
@@ -379,8 +528,11 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
     padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
     font-size: 0.85rem;
   }
+  .scores-list { column-count: 1; }
+  .score-item { align-items: flex-start; }
+  .score-metrics { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; align-items: flex-end; }
   .toolbar-slider { width: 100%; flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 6rem; }
   .chart-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.5rem; }
-  .chart-wrap { height: 260px; }
-  main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap { height: 360px; }
+  .chart-wrap { height: 350px; }
+  main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap { height: 420px; }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index 43792a5a417..3642844aafc 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index 135e2603d94..438ac38ce2e 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">1 chart</p><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">2 charts</p><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-1" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q2 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[600000.0,650000.0,700000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 3446f2c0d84..787d0730739 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><div class="landing-search"><input id="group-search" type="search" placeholder="Filter groups…" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false"></div><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-0" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-1" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-2" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a 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class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div></section></div></details><details class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1</span></summary><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="25">25</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="50">50</button><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-scope="100">100</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="250">250</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-scope="all">all</button><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"><span class="toolbar-slider-label" id="scope-slider-label-4" data-role="scope-slider-label">100</span></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Display mode"><span class="toolbar-label">Mode</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-mode="abs">abs</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-mode="rel">rel</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div></section></div></details><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">write</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">scan</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">min</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">mean</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">max</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 8fe20bb9044..832fc9362a3 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -125,6 +125,18 @@ fn envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, value_bias: i64) -> Value {
                 "value_ns": 800_000 + value_bias,
                 "all_runtimes_ns": [800_000 + value_bias]
             },
+            {
+                "kind": "query_measurement",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch",
+                "scale_factor": "1",
+                "query_idx": 2,
+                "storage": "nvme",
+                "engine": "datafusion",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "value_ns": 600_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [600_000 + value_bias]
+            },
             {
                 "kind": "compression_time",
                 "commit_sha": sha,
@@ -134,6 +146,33 @@ fn envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, value_bias: i64) -> Value {
                 "value_ns": 9_000 + value_bias,
                 "all_runtimes_ns": [9_000 + value_bias]
             },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "op": "decode",
+                "value_ns": 5_000 + value_bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [5_000 + value_bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "op": "encode",
+                "value_ns": 18_000 + (2 * value_bias),
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [18_000 + (2 * value_bias)]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "op": "decode",
+                "value_ns": 10_000 + (2 * value_bias),
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [10_000 + (2 * value_bias)]
+            },
             {
                 "kind": "compression_size",
                 "commit_sha": sha,
@@ -141,6 +180,13 @@ fn envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, value_bias: i64) -> Value {
                 "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
                 "value_bytes": 4_000 + value_bias
             },
+            {
+                "kind": "compression_size",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "tpch-lineitem",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "value_bytes": 8_000 + (2 * value_bias)
+            },
             {
                 "kind": "random_access_time",
                 "commit_sha": sha,
@@ -149,6 +195,14 @@ fn envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, value_bias: i64) -> Value {
                 "value_ns": 500 + value_bias,
                 "all_runtimes_ns": [500 + value_bias]
             },
+            {
+                "kind": "random_access_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "taxi",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "value_ns": 1_000 + (2 * value_bias),
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [1_000 + (2 * value_bias)]
+            },
             {
                 "kind": "vector_search_run",
                 "commit_sha": sha,
@@ -234,6 +288,23 @@ async fn pick_group_slug(server: &Server, predicate: impl Fn(&str) -> bool) -> R
         .context("matching group slug")
 }
 
+fn group_by_name<'a>(groups: &'a Value, name: &str) -> Result<&'a Value> {
+    groups["groups"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("groups is array")?
+        .iter()
+        .find(|g| g["name"].as_str() == Some(name))
+        .with_context(|| format!("group {name:?} exists"))
+}
+
+fn assert_close(actual: f64, expected: f64) {
+    let delta = (actual - expected).abs();
+    assert!(
+        delta < 0.000_001,
+        "expected {actual} to be close to {expected}"
+    );
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
@@ -266,6 +337,10 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         body.contains(r#"data-chart-slug="#),
         "every chart card carries data-chart-slug for the lazy-fetch path"
     );
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"id="group-search""#),
+        "landing page should not render the old group search bar"
+    );
 
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
         insta::assert_snapshot!("landing_page", body);
@@ -273,7 +348,7 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// The first `<details>` group is rendered with the `open` attribute; every
+/// The first group disclosure is rendered with the `open` attribute; every
 /// other group lacks it, so the user sees only the first group's charts on
 /// first paint.
 #[tokio::test]
@@ -285,7 +360,7 @@ async fn details_first_group_open_others_closed() -> Result<()> {
     let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
 
     let opens: Vec<_> = body
-        .match_indices("<details")
+        .match_indices(r#"<details class="group-disclosure""#)
         .map(|(i, _)| {
             let tag_end = body[i..].find('>').map(|p| i + p).unwrap_or(i);
             body[i..=tag_end].contains(" open")
@@ -299,8 +374,54 @@ async fn details_first_group_open_others_closed() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// Every `.chart-card` carries a `.toolbar.toolbar--card` so the user has
-/// per-chart controls. There is no page-level toolbar.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn collapsed_groups_still_show_summaries() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
+
+    let mut found_visible_summary = false;
+    for (group_start, _) in body.match_indices(r#"<section class="group-details""#) {
+        let details_start = body[group_start..]
+            .find(r#"<details class="group-disclosure""#)
+            .map(|p| group_start + p)
+            .context("group contains disclosure")?;
+        let details_tag_end = body[details_start..]
+            .find('>')
+            .map(|p| details_start + p)
+            .context("details tag closes")?;
+        let is_open = body[details_start..=details_tag_end].contains(" open");
+        if is_open {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        let summary_end = body[details_start..]
+            .find("</details>")
+            .map(|p| details_start + p)
+            .context("disclosure closes")?;
+        let chart_grid_start = body[summary_end..]
+            .find(r#"<div class="chart-grid">"#)
+            .map(|p| summary_end + p)
+            .context("details contains chart grid")?;
+        let visible_region = &body[summary_end..chart_grid_start];
+        if visible_region.contains(r#"class="benchmark-scores-summary""#) {
+            found_visible_summary = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert!(
+        found_visible_summary,
+        "at least one closed group should render its score summary before the hidden chart grid"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Every `.chart-card` carries a compact `.toolbar.toolbar--card` so the user
+/// has per-chart controls. There is no page-level toolbar, no preset scope
+/// button row, and no abs/rel mode toggle.
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
@@ -316,6 +437,22 @@ async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
         toolbar_count, card_count,
         "every chart-card must contain a toolbar--card ({card_count} cards / {toolbar_count} toolbars)"
     );
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"data-mode="#),
+        "abs/rel mode buttons should not render"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"data-scope="#),
+        "preset scope buttons should not render; use the slider instead"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-role="scope-slider""#),
+        "scope slider should remain available"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"scope-slider-label"#),
+        "scope value labels should not add repeated numbers to every card"
+    );
 
     // Same invariant on /chart/{slug}.
     let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
@@ -329,6 +466,10 @@ async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
         body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
         "chart page must carry a per-chart toolbar"
     );
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"data-mode="#));
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"data-scope="#));
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-role="scope-slider""#));
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"scope-slider-label"#));
 
     // Same invariant on /group/{slug}.
     let group_slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
@@ -342,6 +483,10 @@ async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
         body.contains(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#),
         "group page must carry per-chart toolbars"
     );
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"data-mode="#));
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"data-scope="#));
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-role="scope-slider""#));
+    assert!(!body.contains(r#"scope-slider-label"#));
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -397,11 +542,11 @@ async fn chart_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         "chart payload must be embedded inline"
     );
     assert!(
-        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chart.umd.js""#),
+        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chart.umd.js"#),
         "Chart.js must be referenced from the static asset route"
     );
     assert!(
-        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js""#),
+        body.contains(r#"<script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js"#),
         "zoom plugin must be loaded for /chart pages"
     );
     assert!(
@@ -470,6 +615,78 @@ async fn group_api_returns_charts() -> Result<()> {
         first["series"].as_object().is_some(),
         "embedded chart series"
     );
+    assert_eq!(
+        body["summary"]["type"].as_str(),
+        Some("queryBenchmark"),
+        "group API should include the server-computed summary"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn group_summaries_match_v2_contract() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let groups: Value = client
+        .get(server.url("/api/groups"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+
+    let random_access = &group_by_name(&groups, "Random Access")?["summary"];
+    assert_eq!(random_access["type"].as_str(), Some("randomAccess"));
+    let rankings = random_access["rankings"]
+        .as_array()
+        .context("random access rankings")?;
+    assert_eq!(rankings[0]["name"].as_str(), Some("vortex-file-compressed"));
+    assert_eq!(rankings[1]["name"].as_str(), Some("parquet"));
+    assert_close(rankings[1]["ratio"].as_f64().context("random ratio")?, 2.0);
+
+    let compression = &group_by_name(&groups, "Compression")?["summary"];
+    assert_eq!(compression["type"].as_str(), Some("compression"));
+    assert_close(
+        compression["compressRatio"]
+            .as_f64()
+            .context("compressRatio")?,
+        2.0,
+    );
+    assert_close(
+        compression["decompressRatio"]
+            .as_f64()
+            .context("decompressRatio")?,
+        2.0,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(compression["datasetCount"].as_u64(), Some(1));
+
+    let compression_size = &group_by_name(&groups, "Compression Size")?["summary"];
+    assert_eq!(compression_size["type"].as_str(), Some("compressionSize"));
+    assert_close(
+        compression_size["meanRatio"]
+            .as_f64()
+            .context("meanRatio")?,
+        0.5,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(compression_size["datasetCount"].as_u64(), Some(1));
+
+    let query = &group_by_name(&groups, "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)")?["summary"];
+    assert_eq!(query["type"].as_str(), Some("queryBenchmark"));
+    let rankings = query["rankings"].as_array().context("query rankings")?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        rankings[0]["name"].as_str(),
+        Some("datafusion:vortex-file-compressed"),
+        "query summary should include v2's missing-series penalty"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(rankings[1]["name"].as_str(), Some("duckdb:parquet"));
+    let first_score = rankings[0]["score"].as_f64().context("first score")?;
+    let second_score = rankings[1]["score"].as_f64().context("second score")?;
+    assert!(
+        first_score < second_score,
+        "lower query score should rank first"
+    );
+
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -669,6 +886,16 @@ async fn static_assets_are_served() -> Result<()> {
             ct.starts_with(ct_prefix),
             "GET {path}: content-type {ct:?} should start with {ct_prefix:?}"
         );
+        let cache_control = resp
+            .headers()
+            .get(reqwest::header::CACHE_CONTROL)
+            .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .to_string();
+        assert!(
+            cache_control.contains("no-cache"),
+            "GET {path}: static assets should revalidate so UI CSS/JS changes are not stale"
+        );
         let bytes = resp.bytes().await?;
         assert!(!bytes.is_empty(), "GET {path}: body must not be empty");
     }

From 264d39d3ca13e6a55f75a818b26df27511acde8b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Apr 2026 15:38:45 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 19/26] add light mode and fix style to be similar to v2

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 134 +++++++-
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               |  70 ++++-
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    | 290 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     |  28 ++
 7 files changed, 505 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index 3572b95f1a7..46b6a7c006b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
 const CHART_ZOOM_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
 const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
-const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-4";
+const VORTEX_BLACK_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
+const VORTEX_WHITE_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
+const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-7";
 
 /// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
@@ -86,6 +88,8 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
         )
         .route("/static/chart-init.js", get(serve_chart_init_js))
         .route("/static/style.css", get(serve_style_css))
+        .route("/vortex_black_nobg.svg", get(serve_vortex_black_svg))
+        .route("/vortex_white_nobg.svg", get(serve_vortex_white_svg))
 }
 
 /// Query string for HTML routes. Only `?n=` is consumed server-side, as a
@@ -283,7 +287,7 @@ enum PageScripts {
     Chart,
 }
 
-fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
+fn render_page(title: &str, _header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
     let style_href = versioned_asset("/static/style.css");
     let chart_js_src = versioned_asset("/static/chart.umd.js");
     let chart_zoom_src = versioned_asset("/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
@@ -295,13 +299,11 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
                 meta charset="utf-8";
                 meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1";
                 title { (title) }
+                (theme_bootstrap_script())
                 link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
-                header.page-header {
-                    h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
-                    p.subtitle { (header_subtitle) }
-                }
+                (site_header())
                 main { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
                     PageScripts::Empty => {
@@ -318,6 +320,101 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageSc
     }
 }
 
+fn theme_bootstrap_script() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        script {
+            (PreEscaped(
+                r#"(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();"#
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn site_header() -> Markup {
+    let black_logo = versioned_asset("/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
+    let white_logo = versioned_asset("/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
+    html! {
+        header.sticky-header {
+            div.header-content {
+                div.header-left {
+                    a.logo-link href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home" {
+                        img.site-logo.logo-light src=(black_logo) alt="Vortex";
+                        img.site-logo.logo-dark src=(white_logo) alt="Vortex";
+                    }
+                    h1.site-title { "Vortex Benchmarks" }
+                }
+                div.header-center {
+                    div.nav-controls aria-label="Benchmark group controls" {
+                        button.control-btn type="button" data-action="expand-all" {
+                            (chevrons_down_icon())
+                            span { "Expand All" }
+                        }
+                        button.control-btn type="button" data-action="collapse-all" {
+                            (chevrons_up_icon())
+                            span { "Collapse All" }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                div.header-right {
+                    a.repo-link href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" {
+                        svg.github-logo viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" {
+                            path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z" {}
+                        }
+                        span { "GitHub" }
+                    }
+                    button.control-btn.theme-toggle type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme" {
+                        (sun_icon())
+                        (moon_icon())
+                        span.theme-toggle-label { "Light" }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn chevrons_down_icon() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        svg.btn-icon viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
+            path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5" {}
+            path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5" {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn chevrons_up_icon() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        svg.btn-icon viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
+            path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5" {}
+            path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5" {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn sun_icon() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        svg.btn-icon.theme-icon.theme-icon-light viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
+            circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4" {}
+            path d="M12 2v2" {}
+            path d="M12 20v2" {}
+            path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41" {}
+            path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41" {}
+            path d="M2 12h2" {}
+            path d="M20 12h2" {}
+            path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41" {}
+            path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41" {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn moon_icon() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        svg.btn-icon.theme-icon.theme-icon-dark viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
+            path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z" {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup]) -> Markup {
     if groups.is_empty() {
         return html! {
@@ -484,7 +581,7 @@ fn summary_markup(summary: Option<&Summary>) -> Markup {
                 div.scores-list {
                     @if let Some(v) = compress_ratio {
                         div.score-item {
-                            span.score-rank { "write" }
+                            span.score-rank { "⚡" }
                             span.score-series { "Write Speed (Compression)" }
                             span.score-metrics {
                                 span.score-value { (format!("{v:.2}x")) }
@@ -493,7 +590,7 @@ fn summary_markup(summary: Option<&Summary>) -> Markup {
                     }
                     @if let Some(v) = decompress_ratio {
                         div.score-item {
-                            span.score-rank { "scan" }
+                            span.score-rank { "📤" }
                             span.score-series { "Scan Speed (Decompression)" }
                             span.score-metrics {
                                 span.score-value { (format!("{v:.2}x")) }
@@ -516,21 +613,21 @@ fn summary_markup(summary: Option<&Summary>) -> Markup {
                 h3.scores-title { (title) }
                 div.scores-list {
                     div.score-item {
-                        span.score-rank { "min" }
+                        span.score-rank { "⬇️" }
                         span.score-series { "Min Size Ratio" }
                         span.score-metrics {
                             span.score-value { (format!("{min_ratio:.2}x")) }
                         }
                     }
                     div.score-item {
-                        span.score-rank { "mean" }
+                        span.score-rank { "📊" }
                         span.score-series { "Mean Size Ratio" }
                         span.score-metrics {
                             span.score-value { (format!("{mean_ratio:.2}x")) }
                         }
                     }
                     div.score-item {
-                        span.score-rank { "max" }
+                        span.score-rank { "⬆️" }
                         span.score-series { "Max Size Ratio" }
                         span.score-metrics {
                             span.score-value { (format!("{max_ratio:.2}x")) }
@@ -622,14 +719,13 @@ fn error_page(status: StatusCode, message: &str) -> Response {
         html lang="en" {
             head {
                 meta charset="utf-8";
+                meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1";
                 title { (status.as_u16()) " — bench.vortex.dev" }
+                (theme_bootstrap_script())
                 link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
-                header.page-header {
-                    h1 { a href="/" { "bench.vortex.dev" } }
-                    p.subtitle { (status.as_u16()) " " (status.canonical_reason().unwrap_or("")) }
-                }
+                (site_header())
                 main {
                     p.empty { (message) }
                 }
@@ -659,6 +755,14 @@ async fn serve_style_css() -> impl IntoResponse {
     static_response(STYLE_CSS, "text/css; charset=utf-8")
 }
 
+async fn serve_vortex_black_svg() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(VORTEX_BLACK_SVG, "image/svg+xml; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
+async fn serve_vortex_white_svg() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    static_response(VORTEX_WHITE_SVG, "image/svg+xml; charset=utf-8")
+}
+
 fn static_response(bytes: &'static [u8], content_type: &'static str) -> Response {
     (
         [
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index 922a1c72a5b..b074a4bb0db 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -495,6 +495,69 @@
     setTimeout(function () { if (el.parentNode) el.remove(); }, 4000);
   }
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Header controls
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function effectiveTheme() {
+    var forced = document.documentElement.getAttribute("data-theme");
+    if (forced === "light" || forced === "dark") return forced;
+    if (window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches) {
+      return "dark";
+    }
+    return "light";
+  }
+
+  function setTheme(theme) {
+    if (theme === "light" || theme === "dark") {
+      document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme", theme);
+      try { localStorage.setItem("bench-theme", theme); } catch (e) {}
+    }
+    updateThemeButtons();
+  }
+
+  function updateThemeButtons() {
+    var next = effectiveTheme() === "light" ? "Dark" : "Light";
+    var nextTheme = next.toLowerCase();
+    document.querySelectorAll('[data-role="theme-toggle"]').forEach(function (btn) {
+      var label = btn.querySelector(".theme-toggle-label");
+      if (label) label.textContent = next;
+      btn.setAttribute("data-next-theme", nextTheme);
+      btn.setAttribute("aria-label", "Switch to " + nextTheme + " mode");
+    });
+  }
+
+  function hydrateOpenGroup(disclosure) {
+    if (!disclosure || !disclosure.open) return;
+    var group = disclosure.closest(".group-details");
+    if (!group) return;
+    group.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]").forEach(function (card) {
+      fetchAndConstruct(card);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function setAllGroups(open) {
+    document.querySelectorAll("details.group-disclosure").forEach(function (disclosure) {
+      var wasOpen = disclosure.open;
+      disclosure.open = open;
+      if (open && wasOpen) hydrateOpenGroup(disclosure);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function initHeaderControls() {
+    updateThemeButtons();
+    document.querySelectorAll('[data-role="theme-toggle"]').forEach(function (btn) {
+      btn.addEventListener("click", function () {
+        setTheme(effectiveTheme() === "light" ? "dark" : "light");
+      });
+    });
+    document.querySelectorAll('[data-action="expand-all"]').forEach(function (btn) {
+      btn.addEventListener("click", function () { setAllGroups(true); });
+    });
+    document.querySelectorAll('[data-action="collapse-all"]').forEach(function (btn) {
+      btn.addEventListener("click", function () { setAllGroups(false); });
+    });
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Page wiring
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -535,16 +598,13 @@
     groups.forEach(function (d) {
       d.addEventListener("toggle", function () {
         if (!d.open) return;
-        var group = d.closest(".group-details");
-        if (!group) return;
-        group.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-slug]").forEach(function (card) {
-          fetchAndConstruct(card);
-        });
+        hydrateOpenGroup(d);
       });
     });
   }
 
   function init() {
+    initHeaderControls();
     initDetailsToggle();
     initOpenCharts();
   }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index 5cc5fbedf1a..31d0c0f0636 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 /* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors */
 
 :root {
+  color-scheme: light;
+  --header-height: 72px;
   --bg: #ffffff;
   --page-bg: #fafafa;
   --fg: #101010;
@@ -20,6 +22,7 @@
 
 @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
   :root {
+    color-scheme: dark;
     --bg: #050507;
     --page-bg: #121219;
     --fg: #f5f5f7;
@@ -37,6 +40,42 @@
   }
 }
 
+:root[data-theme="light"] {
+  color-scheme: light;
+  --bg: #ffffff;
+  --page-bg: #fafafa;
+  --fg: #101010;
+  --muted: #666666;
+  --accent: #5971fd;
+  --accent-fg: #ffffff;
+  --border: #ececec;
+  --card-bg: #ffffff;
+  --code-bg: #fafafa;
+  --tooltip-bg: #1a1a1a;
+  --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
+  --good: #16a34a;
+  --bad: #dc2626;
+  --shadow-md: 0 4px 8px rgba(16, 16, 16, 0.08);
+}
+
+:root[data-theme="dark"] {
+  color-scheme: dark;
+  --bg: #050507;
+  --page-bg: #121219;
+  --fg: #f5f5f7;
+  --muted: #a0a0b0;
+  --accent: #8a9cff;
+  --accent-fg: #050507;
+  --border: #30303a;
+  --card-bg: #050507;
+  --code-bg: #121219;
+  --tooltip-bg: #1a1c22;
+  --tooltip-fg: #f5f5f5;
+  --good: #4ade80;
+  --bad: #f87171;
+  --shadow-md: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
+}
+
 * { box-sizing: border-box; }
 
 html, body {
@@ -53,9 +92,209 @@ html, body {
   line-height: 1.6;
 }
 
+body {
+  padding-top: var(--header-height);
+}
+
 a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
 
+.sticky-header {
+  position: fixed;
+  top: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  z-index: 1000;
+  height: var(--header-height);
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+  background: rgba(250, 250, 250, 0.95);
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(16, 16, 16, 0.08);
+  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
+  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
+}
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .sticky-header {
+    background: rgba(18, 18, 25, 0.95);
+    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
+  }
+}
+
+:root[data-theme="dark"] .sticky-header {
+  background: rgba(18, 18, 25, 0.95);
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
+}
+
+:root[data-theme="light"] .sticky-header {
+  background: rgba(250, 250, 250, 0.95);
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(16, 16, 16, 0.08);
+}
+
+.header-content {
+  position: relative;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 1.5rem;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 100%;
+  padding: 0 2rem;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+}
+
+.header-left,
+.header-center,
+.header-right,
+.nav-controls,
+.repo-link,
+.logo-link {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.header-left {
+  min-width: 0;
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.header-center {
+  position: absolute;
+  left: 50%;
+  top: 50%;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  justify-content: center;
+  min-width: 0;
+  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
+}
+
+.header-right {
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
+.nav-controls {
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.logo-link {
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.logo-link:hover {
+  opacity: 0.8;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.site-logo {
+  display: block;
+  width: auto;
+  height: 48px;
+}
+
+.logo-dark { display: none; }
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .logo-light { display: none; }
+  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .logo-dark { display: block; }
+}
+
+:root[data-theme="dark"] .logo-light { display: none; }
+:root[data-theme="dark"] .logo-dark { display: block; }
+:root[data-theme="light"] .logo-light { display: block; }
+:root[data-theme="light"] .logo-dark { display: none; }
+
+.site-title {
+  display: none;
+  margin: 0;
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1400px) {
+  .site-title {
+    display: block;
+  }
+}
+
+.control-btn,
+.repo-link {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  gap: 0.45rem;
+  min-height: 36px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font: inherit;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  line-height: 1;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease,
+    box-shadow 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.control-btn {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.control-btn:hover,
+.repo-link:hover {
+  border-color: var(--accent);
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  color: var(--accent);
+  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(16, 16, 16, 0.08);
+  text-decoration: none;
+  transform: translateY(-1px);
+}
+
+.theme-toggle {
+  min-width: 4.25rem;
+}
+
+.btn-icon {
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+}
+
+.theme-icon-dark {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.theme-toggle[data-next-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-light {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.theme-toggle[data-next-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-dark {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.theme-toggle[data-next-theme="light"] .theme-icon-light {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.theme-toggle[data-next-theme="light"] .theme-icon-dark {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.repo-link {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+
+.github-logo {
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+}
+
 .page-header {
   border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
   background: var(--code-bg);
@@ -490,6 +729,57 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
  * Mobile
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
+  :root {
+    --header-height: 56px;
+  }
+  .header-content {
+    gap: 0.5rem;
+    padding: 0 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .site-logo {
+    height: 32px;
+  }
+  .header-left {
+    gap: 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .header-center {
+    position: static;
+    flex: 1 1 auto;
+    transform: none;
+  }
+  .header-right {
+    gap: 0.35rem;
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .site-title {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .nav-controls {
+    gap: 0.35rem;
+    overflow-x: auto;
+    scrollbar-width: none;
+  }
+  .nav-controls::-webkit-scrollbar {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .control-btn,
+  .repo-link {
+    min-height: 32px;
+    border-radius: 6px;
+    font-size: 0.75rem;
+  }
+  .control-btn {
+    padding: 0.4rem 0.55rem;
+  }
+  .theme-toggle {
+    min-width: 3.25rem;
+  }
+  .repo-link {
+    padding: 0.4rem 0.55rem;
+  }
+  .repo-link span {
+    display: none;
+  }
   main { padding: 1rem; }
   .group-details {
     margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index 3642844aafc..a4882c1ce7d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index 438ac38ce2e..3592a362b95 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</p></header><main><p class="chart-meta">2 charts</p><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-1" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q2 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[600000.0,650000.0,700000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-4" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">2 charts</p><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 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class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-1" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q2 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 787d0730739..494a1d9daa8 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-4"></head><body><header class="page-header"><h1><a href="/">bench.vortex.dev</a></h1><p class="subtitle">Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)</p></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">write</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">scan</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">min</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">mean</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">max</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" 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href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index 832fc9362a3..ab3f752be59 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -341,6 +341,32 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
         !body.contains(r#"id="group-search""#),
         "landing page should not render the old group search bar"
     );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"class="sticky-header""#),
+        "landing page should render the v2-style top navbar"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-action="expand-all""#)
+            && body.contains(r#"data-action="collapse-all""#),
+        "navbar should expose expand/collapse controls"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-role="theme-toggle""#),
+        "navbar should expose a theme toggle"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"class="btn-icon""#)
+            || body.contains(r#"class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light""#),
+        "navbar controls should render icons"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"vortex_black_nobg.svg"#) && body.contains(r#"vortex_white_nobg.svg"#),
+        "navbar should render the Vortex logo assets"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains("⚡") && body.contains("📤") && body.contains("⬇️") && body.contains("📊"),
+        "summaries should render the v2 summary icons"
+    );
 
     insta_settings().bind(|| {
         insta::assert_snapshot!("landing_page", body);
@@ -873,6 +899,8 @@ async fn static_assets_are_served() -> Result<()> {
         ),
         ("/static/chart-init.js", "application/javascript"),
         ("/static/style.css", "text/css"),
+        ("/vortex_black_nobg.svg", "image/svg+xml"),
+        ("/vortex_white_nobg.svg", "image/svg+xml"),
     ] {
         let resp = client.get(server.url(path)).send().await?;
         assert_eq!(resp.status(), 200, "GET {path} should be 200");

From 5c1ee8f5da02826a585ac2ea3121770c5965f6dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 01:58:32 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 20/26] docs(benchmarks-website): refresh planning docs to
 match current code

- AGENTS.md: bullet 4 now lists all four JSON routes (groups, chart,
  group, health), not just chart.
- 02-contracts.md: Read API section adds /api/group/:slug and /health,
  drops the "two routes" framing.
- 01-schema.md: relax commits.{message,author_name,author_email,
  committer_name,committer_email} to optional, matching schema.rs DDL.
- README.md: remove "/health endpoint" from the not-yet-done list
  (it's implemented in api.rs and routed in app.rs), refresh the
  line range for the collect_group_charts N+1 reference.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md    | 10 ++++----
 benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md | 27 ++++++++++++++++-----
 benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md       |  5 ++--
 benchmarks-website/planning/README.md       |  7 +++---
 4 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
index b74d0bb9a92..dfc6b05ba27 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/01-schema.md
@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ DuckDB types, indexes, and constraint syntax.
 |---|---|---|---|
 | `commit_sha` | string | yes (PK) | 40-hex lowercase |
 | `timestamp` | timestamptz | yes | |
-| `message` | string | yes | first line only |
-| `author_name` | string | yes | |
-| `author_email` | string | yes | |
-| `committer_name` | string | yes | |
-| `committer_email` | string | yes | |
+| `message` | string | optional | first line only |
+| `author_name` | string | optional | |
+| `author_email` | string | optional | |
+| `committer_name` | string | optional | |
+| `committer_email` | string | optional | |
 | `tree_sha` | string | yes | |
 | `url` | string | yes | |
 
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
index 9aba31fb73b..5d995c7120d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/02-contracts.md
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ slug format, change it without breaking the web-ui, or make it
 debuggable (e.g. `qm-tpch-q01-nvme-sf1`) - the only contract is
 "`/api/chart/:slug` accepts any slug `/api/groups` returned."
 
-## Read API (alpha)
+## Read API
 
-Two routes - just enough to render one chart page. Field shapes are
-not binding; refine during implementation.
+Four JSON routes today. Field shapes are not binding; refine during
+implementation.
 
 ### `GET /api/groups`
 
@@ -182,7 +182,8 @@ just enough metadata to link to a chart. The server walks each fact
 table to produce the group keys defined in
 [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md#group--chart--series-fit). Every
 chart entry includes a `slug` that round-trips through
-`/api/chart/:slug`.
+`/api/chart/:slug`, and every group has its own `slug` that
+round-trips through `/api/group/:slug`.
 
 ### `GET /api/chart/:slug`
 
@@ -190,6 +191,20 @@ Returns the data for one chart: a `display_name`, a `unit`, an
 ordered `commits` list (sha + timestamp + first-line message + url),
 and a `series` map keyed by series name where each value is an
 array aligned to `commits` (with `null` for missing data points).
+Accepts `?n=&y=&mode=&hidden=` to scope the commit window and
+configure the rendered view.
+
+### `GET /api/group/:slug`
+
+Returns every chart in a group as a single batch payload, in render
+order. Used by the `/group/{slug}` HTML page and (today) by the
+landing page hydration path. Same query parameters as
+`/api/chart/:slug`.
+
+### `GET /health`
+
+Returns `{ status, db_path, schema_version, latest_commit_timestamp,
+row_counts }`. Cheap; suitable for load-balancer health checks.
 
-Per-commit page, zoom/pan, range queries, and the rest of the read
-API are deferred. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
+Per-commit page, range queries, and the rest of the read API are
+deferred. See [`deferred.md`](./deferred.md).
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
index ba4d6cec6f7..7777804b08a 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/AGENTS.md
@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@ it as `vortex-bench-server` at `benchmarks-website/server/`.
   [`01-schema.md`](./01-schema.md).
 - One ingest endpoint: `POST /api/ingest`, gated by a static bearer token from the
   `INGEST_BEARER_TOKEN` env var. Wire shapes in [`02-contracts.md`](./02-contracts.md).
-- Three HTML routes — `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}` — and one JSON route,
-  `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, all served from the same binary.
+- Three HTML routes — `/`, `/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}` — and four JSON routes —
+  `GET /api/groups`, `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, `GET /api/group/{slug}`, `GET /health` — all served
+  from the same binary.
 - `ChartKey` and `GroupKey` enums round-trip through URLs as `<prefix>.<base64url(serde_json(...))>`
   slugs. No DB lookup required to decode a URL.
 - Charts render inline on the landing page. Each `<canvas>` is paired with a
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
index 79333ff91eb..02d549b3f33 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
+++ b/benchmarks-website/planning/README.md
@@ -66,13 +66,14 @@ host, point `VORTEX_BENCH_DB` at it, and walk every group's charts in a browser.
 
 ### 5. Operational hygiene (not yet done)
 
-- Health-check endpoint (`GET /health` returning 200).
 - Structured logging review (we already use `tracing`; verify fields are useful for prod
   debugging).
 - Rate limiting on `/api/ingest` — the bearer token is the only gate today.
 - TLS termination strategy: front with a load balancer / nginx / Caddy, or terminate in-process?
   Decide before DNS flip.
-- DB schema-version tracking, so future migrations are coordinated rather than ad-hoc.
+- DB schema-version tracking, so future migrations are coordinated rather than ad-hoc. The server
+  already exposes the constant via `/health`; what's missing is on-disk persistence and a check on
+  boot.
 - Backup story. Open question: is "copy the file" enough, or do we want a WAL-based /
   point-in-time approach? Investigate DuckDB options.
 
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ These are user/owner decisions, not agent decisions.
   display-name map. Cosmetic but visible.
 - **Deferred UI follow-ups.** The user is handling these directly; agents should not pre-empt
   them:
-  - `collect_group_charts` N+1 refactor in `api.rs:583-613`.
+  - `collect_group_charts` N+1 refactor in `api.rs:1131-1162`.
   - Mobile legend resize handler.
   - Zoom-sync within a group.
   - LTTB downsampling for very long histories.

From 3afa43a7e0f5f9b72a58172002e2931c9d9c9cf6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 13:28:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 21/26] fix(benchmarks-website/migrate): recover 2-part legacy
 random-access as dataset=taxi
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The migrator's `bin_random_access` rejected every 2-part v2 name shape
`random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` as `Skip::UnsupportedShape`,
even though `random-access-bench`'s `measurement_name` only emits the
2-part form for the legacy taxi run (no `AccessPattern`) and the live
v3 emitter writes those measurements with `dataset="taxi"`. The
historical 2-part records on S3 (every random-access timing emitted
between 2025-04 and 2026-02 plus the post-2026-02 cached/footer
duplicates) were therefore dropped, leaving only the 4-part
`taxi/correlated` and `taxi/uniform` history in v3.

Recover them under `dataset="taxi"` so the chart matches what the
live v3 emitter produces. The reopen-mode `-footer` variant still
falls through to `Skip::Deprecated` because its format string doesn't
strip clean to a v3-allowlisted name; that mirrors how the live
emitter doesn't distinguish reopen vs cached either.

Also extend the verifier so future regressions are easy to spot:

- `verify.rs` now diffs at the chart-name level (not just chart count)
  and routes documented intentional asymmetries — derived ratios,
  empty FAN_OUT_GROUPS placeholders, the `RANDOM ACCESS` placeholder,
  the recovered `TAXI` chart, the new `VORTEX COMPACT SIZE` chart, the
  fineweb group — to a separate "intentional" bucket so a real drop
  shows up as a fresh ✗ regression candidate.
- `MigrationSummary` now carries a per-`Skip`-reason histogram and
  prints it in the run summary, so a regression that pushes records
  into the wrong bucket is visible at a glance.
- The CLI's `verify` exit code reflects `report.is_clean()` (every
  asymmetry on the documented allowlist) instead of just group-level
  coverage.

Test plan: `cargo test -p vortex-bench-migrate` (66 tests pass), full
end-to-end migrate against the production v2 S3 dump, verify against
a local v2 server seeded from the same dump (chart-name diff is
clean, every asymmetry documented).

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs  |  67 ++--
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs        |   6 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs     |  38 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs      | 349 ++++++++++++++++--
 .../migrate/tests/classifier.rs               |  81 +++-
 5 files changed, 478 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
index ebc14dea39b..0524069e5b9 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
@@ -539,12 +539,11 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
     let bin = match &cls.group {
         V2Group::RandomAccess => match bin_random_access(record) {
             Some(b) => Some(b),
-            // Legacy 2-part `random-access/<format>-…` records carry
-            // no dataset and are intentionally dropped by
-            // `bin_random_access`. Route them to Skip so the
-            // `Outcome::Unknown` arm below — and the 5%
-            // uncategorized gate in `migrate::run` — don't trip on
-            // them.
+            // `bin_random_access` only returns None for malformed
+            // shapes (empty dataset/pattern segment, empty/`default`
+            // format). Route them to Skip so the `Outcome::Unknown`
+            // arm below — and the 5% uncategorized gate in
+            // `migrate::run` — don't trip on them.
             None => return Outcome::Skip(Skip::UnsupportedShape),
         },
         V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
@@ -567,13 +566,22 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
 
 fn bin_random_access(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
     // Pull dataset and format from the raw, pre-rename v2 name so v3
-    // stores meaningful values. Raw shape is
-    // `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
-    // (4-part). 2-part legacy records (`random-access/<format>-…`)
-    // carry no dataset and historically rendered as the placeholder
-    // string "RANDOM ACCESS"; drop them rather than emit a fake
-    // dataset. Deriving from the raw name (rather than `cls.chart`)
-    // also keeps this independent of v2's `normalizeChartName`.
+    // stores meaningful values. Two raw shapes are supported:
+    //
+    //   - 4-part `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    //   - 2-part legacy `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    //
+    // The 2-part shape is what `random-access-bench`'s `measurement_name`
+    // emits when called without an `AccessPattern`, and per its source
+    // comment that path is only taken for the legacy taxi run
+    // (`if dataset.name() == "taxi"` in `benchmarks/random-access-bench/
+    // src/main.rs`). The live v3 emitter `random_access_record` writes
+    // `dataset="taxi"` for those same measurements, so the historical
+    // 2-part records are taxi too — assigning `dataset="taxi"` here
+    // recovers the time series instead of letting it disappear under
+    // v2's "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder. Deriving from the raw name
+    // (rather than `cls.chart`) keeps this independent of v2's
+    // `normalizeChartName`.
     //
     // After stripping the `-tokio-local-disk` suffix, map the v2
     // random-access ext label (`vortex`, from `Format::ext()`) to the
@@ -584,19 +592,32 @@ fn bin_random_access(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
     // `vortex-compact`), but v2's random-access bench only emitted
     // `OnDiskVortex`, so mapping to `vortex-file-compressed` is
     // correct for all historical data.
+    //
+    // Records whose `<format>` segment ends in `-footer` (the bench's
+    // reopen-mode variant, e.g. `parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer`)
+    // intentionally do not strip clean to a v3-allowlisted format; the
+    // outer `is_v3_dim` filter then routes them to `Skip::Deprecated`.
+    // The live v3 emitter doesn't distinguish reopen vs cached either
+    // (`random_access_record` uses `format.name()` for both), so
+    // dropping `-footer` here keeps migration consistent with what
+    // v3 ingests live.
     let parts: Vec<&str> = record.name.split('/').collect();
-    if parts.len() != 4 {
-        return None;
-    }
-    if parts[1].is_empty() || parts[2].is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-    let dataset = format!("{}/{}", parts[1], parts[2]).to_lowercase();
-    let raw = parts[3];
-    if raw.is_empty() || raw == "default" {
+    let (dataset, raw_format) = match parts.as_slice() {
+        [_, ds, pat, format] => {
+            if ds.is_empty() || pat.is_empty() {
+                return None;
+            }
+            (format!("{ds}/{pat}").to_lowercase(), *format)
+        }
+        [_, format] => ("taxi".to_string(), *format),
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    if raw_format.is_empty() || raw_format == "default" {
         return None;
     }
-    let stripped = raw.strip_suffix("-tokio-local-disk").unwrap_or(raw);
+    let stripped = raw_format
+        .strip_suffix("-tokio-local-disk")
+        .unwrap_or(raw_format);
     let format = match stripped {
         "vortex" => "vortex-file-compressed".to_string(),
         other => other.to_lowercase(),
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
index 366834ed441..fa2858cd44f 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
@@ -105,7 +105,11 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
         Command::Verify { against, duckdb } => {
             let report = verify::run(&against, &duckdb)?;
             print!("{report}");
-            if !report.v2_groups_covered() {
+            // Non-zero exit when any per-chart asymmetry isn't on the
+            // documented `INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2` / `INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3`
+            // allowlist. Group-level membership is part of `is_clean()`
+            // too, so this also catches an undocumented missing group.
+            if !report.is_clean() {
                 std::process::exit(1);
             }
             Ok(())
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
index 93885e5d431..633230f788c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ pub struct MigrationSummary {
     pub commit_warnings: u64,
     pub skipped_no_value: u64,
     pub skipped_intentional: u64,
+    /// Per-`Skip` reason counts. Lets future agents see at a glance
+    /// which categories the classifier is throwing away records under,
+    /// so a regression that pushes data into the wrong `Skip` variant
+    /// jumps out of the run summary.
+    pub skipped_by_reason: BTreeMap<&'static str, u64>,
     pub commits_inserted: u64,
     pub deduped: u64,
     /// Number of records dropped by dedup whose `value_ns` (or
@@ -317,8 +322,12 @@ fn apply_v2_record(
 
     let bin = match classifier::classify_outcome(record) {
         classifier::Outcome::Bin(b) => b,
-        classifier::Outcome::Skip(_) => {
+        classifier::Outcome::Skip(reason) => {
             summary.skipped_intentional += 1;
+            *summary
+                .skipped_by_reason
+                .entry(skip_reason_name(reason))
+                .or_insert(0) += 1;
             return;
         }
         classifier::Outcome::Unknown => {
@@ -821,6 +830,23 @@ fn build_list_int64(values: Vec<Vec<i64>>) -> ListArray {
     )
 }
 
+/// Stable, machine-friendly name for each [`classifier::Skip`] variant.
+///
+/// Used as a histogram bucket key in [`MigrationSummary::skipped_by_reason`].
+/// Names are kept short and stable so the summary text stays diffable
+/// across runs.
+fn skip_reason_name(s: classifier::Skip) -> &'static str {
+    match s {
+        classifier::Skip::DerivedRatio => "DerivedRatio",
+        classifier::Skip::Throughput => "Throughput",
+        classifier::Skip::SkippedSuite => "SkippedSuite",
+        classifier::Skip::UnsupportedShape => "UnsupportedShape",
+        classifier::Skip::NoValue => "NoValue",
+        classifier::Skip::Deprecated => "Deprecated",
+        classifier::Skip::HistoricalMemory => "HistoricalMemory",
+    }
+}
+
 /// Print the summary in a human-readable form. Returned by the CLI.
 impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
@@ -851,6 +877,16 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
             self.uncategorized,
             100.0 * self.uncategorized_fraction()
         )?;
+        if !self.skipped_by_reason.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Skip histogram (by reason):")?;
+            // Sort largest first so a regression that shifts records
+            // into an unexpected bucket is easy to spot.
+            let mut by_reason: Vec<_> = self.skipped_by_reason.iter().collect();
+            by_reason.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(a.1).then(a.0.cmp(b.0)));
+            for (reason, n) in by_reason {
+                writeln!(f, "  {reason:>20} : {n}")?;
+            }
+        }
         if !self.uncategorized_prefixes.is_empty() {
             let mut top: Vec<_> = self.uncategorized_prefixes.iter().collect();
             top.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(a.1));
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
index eb4caef6df7..c4cdea3d14d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,13 @@
 //! stores raw and the chart query divides. Group/chart structural
 //! equivalence is enough to spot classifier regressions before
 //! cutover.
+//!
+//! The diff distinguishes documented intentional asymmetries (e.g.
+//! ratio charts that v3 derives at read time, the legacy
+//! `RANDOM ACCESS` placeholder) from regression candidates so a clean
+//! run shows only known-good differences and a regression jumps out
+//! immediately. See [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2`] and
+//! [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3`] for the live list.
 
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
@@ -21,25 +28,58 @@ use serde::Deserialize;
 
 use crate::classifier::QUERY_SUITES;
 
+/// One row of [`VerifyReport::group_chart_diffs`]: per-group lists of
+/// chart names that are missing on either side, split into intentional
+/// asymmetries and regression candidates.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct GroupChartDiff {
+    pub group: String,
+    pub v2_count: usize,
+    pub v3_count: usize,
+    pub missing_in_v3_intentional: Vec<String>,
+    pub missing_in_v3_regression: Vec<String>,
+    pub missing_in_v2_intentional: Vec<String>,
+    pub missing_in_v2_regression: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl GroupChartDiff {
+    /// True if every chart-name asymmetry between v2 and v3 for this
+    /// group is documented as intentional. False means at least one
+    /// regression candidate is on the list.
+    pub fn is_clean(&self) -> bool {
+        self.missing_in_v3_regression.is_empty() && self.missing_in_v2_regression.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
 /// Result of one `verify` run.
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct VerifyReport {
     pub matched_groups: Vec<String>,
+    /// Groups that exist in v3 but not v2, where the asymmetry is NOT
+    /// on the documented allowlist — counts as a regression.
     pub only_in_v3: Vec<String>,
+    /// Groups that exist in v2 but not v3, where the asymmetry is NOT
+    /// on the documented allowlist — counts as a regression.
     pub only_in_v2: Vec<String>,
-    pub chart_diffs: Vec<ChartDiff>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ChartDiff {
-    pub group: String,
-    pub v2_count: usize,
-    pub v3_count: usize,
+    /// Groups whose v2/v3 asymmetry is on the documented allowlist
+    /// (e.g. `Fineweb` in v3, an empty `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)` fan-out
+    /// in v2). Surfaced for the human reader; not a regression.
+    pub only_in_v3_intentional: Vec<String>,
+    pub only_in_v2_intentional: Vec<String>,
+    pub group_chart_diffs: Vec<GroupChartDiff>,
 }
 
 impl VerifyReport {
-    /// True if every v2 group is represented in v3. The CLI's exit
-    /// code reflects this.
+    /// True if every v2 group is represented in v3 *and* every per-
+    /// chart-name asymmetry is documented as intentional. The CLI's
+    /// exit code reflects this.
+    pub fn is_clean(&self) -> bool {
+        self.only_in_v2.is_empty()
+            && self.only_in_v3.is_empty()
+            && self.group_chart_diffs.iter().all(|d| d.is_clean())
+    }
+
+    /// Backwards-compatible: were all v2 groups covered by v3?
     pub fn v2_groups_covered(&self) -> bool {
         self.only_in_v2.is_empty()
     }
@@ -54,18 +94,30 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for VerifyReport {
         if !self.only_in_v2.is_empty() {
             writeln!(f, "Groups only in v2 (regression candidates):")?;
             for g in &self.only_in_v2 {
-                writeln!(f, "  - {g}")?;
+                writeln!(f, "  ✗ {g}")?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.only_in_v2_intentional.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v2 (documented intentional skip):")?;
+            for g in &self.only_in_v2_intentional {
+                writeln!(f, "  · {g}")?;
             }
         }
         if !self.only_in_v3.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3:")?;
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3 (regression candidates):")?;
             for g in &self.only_in_v3 {
-                writeln!(f, "  + {g}")?;
+                writeln!(f, "  ✗ {g}")?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.only_in_v3_intentional.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3 (documented intentional addition):")?;
+            for g in &self.only_in_v3_intentional {
+                writeln!(f, "  · {g}")?;
             }
         }
-        if !self.chart_diffs.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Chart count diffs:")?;
-            for d in &self.chart_diffs {
+        if !self.group_chart_diffs.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Chart name diffs (per group):")?;
+            for d in &self.group_chart_diffs {
                 writeln!(
                     f,
                     "  {} : v2={} v3={} (delta={})",
@@ -74,8 +126,28 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for VerifyReport {
                     d.v3_count,
                     d.v3_count as i64 - d.v2_count as i64,
                 )?;
+                for c in &d.missing_in_v3_regression {
+                    writeln!(f, "      ✗ only in v2 (regression candidate): {c}")?;
+                }
+                for c in &d.missing_in_v2_regression {
+                    writeln!(f, "      ✗ only in v3 (regression candidate): {c}")?;
+                }
+                for c in &d.missing_in_v3_intentional {
+                    writeln!(f, "      · only in v2 (documented intentional skip): {c}")?;
+                }
+                for c in &d.missing_in_v2_intentional {
+                    writeln!(
+                        f,
+                        "      · only in v3 (documented intentional addition): {c}"
+                    )?;
+                }
             }
         }
+        if self.is_clean() {
+            writeln!(f, "verify: clean (every asymmetry is documented).")?;
+        } else {
+            writeln!(f, "verify: regression candidates present (see ✗ above).")?;
+        }
         Ok(())
     }
 }
@@ -106,6 +178,76 @@ pub fn run(v2_server: &str, duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<VerifyReport> {
     Ok(diff(&v2, &v3))
 }
 
+/// Charts present in v2 metadata but intentionally absent from v3.
+///
+/// Each entry is a `(group, normalized_chart_name)` pair. The
+/// normalization matches [`normalize_chart`] so the lookup uses the
+/// same key shape the diff produces. Update this list whenever the
+/// classifier deliberately drops a v2 chart pattern (e.g. a derived
+/// ratio, a placeholder, a deprecated format) so a future regression
+/// shows up as a fresh ✗ instead of getting lost in the noise.
+const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+    // Compression ratios are derived at read time from compression_sizes
+    // (joined to itself); the migrator routes them to Skip::DerivedRatio.
+    ("Compression", "VORTEX:LANCE RATIO COMPRESS TIME"),
+    ("Compression", "VORTEX:LANCE RATIO DECOMPRESS TIME"),
+    ("Compression", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD RATIO COMPRESS TIME"),
+    ("Compression", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD RATIO DECOMPRESS TIME"),
+    // Compression-size ratios — same story.
+    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:LANCE SIZE"),
+    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD SIZE"),
+    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:RAW SIZE"),
+    // The legacy 2-part `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` records
+    // render in v2 under a "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder chart. The
+    // migrator recovers their *values* under `dataset="taxi"` (see
+    // `bin_random_access`) instead of carrying the placeholder name
+    // forward, so v3 has a "TAXI" chart and v2 has "RANDOM ACCESS".
+    // Both sides are documented intentional asymmetries.
+    ("Random Access", "RANDOM ACCESS"),
+];
+
+/// Charts emitted by the migrator that v2 intentionally doesn't render.
+///
+/// Pair shape matches [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2`].
+const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+    // `vortex-compact` size rows come in via `migrate_file_sizes` (the
+    // file-sizes-*.json.gz path). v2 never rendered the format because
+    // its `getGroup` didn't recognize the `vortex-compact` suite.
+    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX COMPACT SIZE"),
+    // 2-part legacy random-access records (per the "RANDOM ACCESS"
+    // entry in INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2 above) are recovered in v3 as
+    // dataset="taxi". v2 never had a chart by that name in Random
+    // Access — its taxi dataset always rode the `taxi/correlated`
+    // and `taxi/uniform` 4-part patterns.
+    ("Random Access", "TAXI"),
+];
+
+/// Groups intentionally surfaced by v3 but skipped by v2's metadata.
+///
+/// `fineweb` is on `V3_QUERY_SUITES` because the live CI workflow still
+/// emits fineweb measurements; v2's `getGroup` marks the suite
+/// `skip: true` so the v2 server never builds metadata for it.
+const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3_GROUPS: &[&str] = &["Fineweb"];
+
+/// Groups intentionally listed by v2 metadata that v3 doesn't materialize.
+///
+/// v2's `FAN_OUT_GROUPS` registers TPC-H and TPC-DS group names for
+/// every `(storage, scale_factor)` pair the UI knows about, even when
+/// no records exist (the chart list comes back empty). The migrator
+/// only writes a group when matching rows exist, so empty fan-outs
+/// don't appear in v3 — which is the intended behavior.
+const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2_GROUPS: &[&str] = &[
+    "TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=10)",
+    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)",
+    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=1000)",
+];
+
+fn is_intentional(table: &[(&str, &str)], group: &str, chart: &str) -> bool {
+    table
+        .iter()
+        .any(|(g, c)| *g == group && normalize_chart(c) == chart)
+}
+
 fn collect_v3_groups(duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>> {
     let conn = Connection::open(duckdb_path)
         .with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", duckdb_path.display()))?;
@@ -229,27 +371,76 @@ fn diff(
     let mut report = VerifyReport::default();
     let v2_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v2.keys().collect();
     let v3_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v3.keys().collect();
+
+    // Group-level membership. An entry that's "only in v2" but with
+    // zero charts (e.g. a pre-registered FAN_OUT_GROUPS placeholder)
+    // and that's on the documented allowlist isn't a regression.
     for g in v2_keys.intersection(&v3_keys) {
         report.matched_groups.push((**g).clone());
         let v2_charts = &v2[*g];
         let v3_charts = &v3[*g];
-        if v2_charts.len() != v3_charts.len() {
-            report.chart_diffs.push(ChartDiff {
-                group: (**g).clone(),
-                v2_count: v2_charts.len(),
-                v3_count: v3_charts.len(),
-            });
+        let only_v3 = v3_charts.difference(v2_charts).cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let only_v2 = v2_charts.difference(v3_charts).cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        if only_v3.is_empty() && only_v2.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let mut row = GroupChartDiff {
+            group: (**g).clone(),
+            v2_count: v2_charts.len(),
+            v3_count: v3_charts.len(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        for c in only_v2 {
+            if is_intentional(INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2, g, &c) {
+                row.missing_in_v3_intentional.push(c);
+            } else {
+                row.missing_in_v3_regression.push(c);
+            }
         }
+        for c in only_v3 {
+            if is_intentional(INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3, g, &c) {
+                row.missing_in_v2_intentional.push(c);
+            } else {
+                row.missing_in_v2_regression.push(c);
+            }
+        }
+        row.missing_in_v3_intentional.sort();
+        row.missing_in_v3_regression.sort();
+        row.missing_in_v2_intentional.sort();
+        row.missing_in_v2_regression.sort();
+        report.group_chart_diffs.push(row);
     }
     for g in v3_keys.difference(&v2_keys) {
-        report.only_in_v3.push((**g).clone());
+        // Group exists only in v3. If documented (e.g. fineweb), shunt
+        // it to the intentional list; otherwise it's a regression
+        // candidate.
+        if INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3_GROUPS.contains(&g.as_str()) {
+            report.only_in_v3_intentional.push((**g).clone());
+        } else {
+            report.only_in_v3.push((**g).clone());
+        }
     }
     for g in v2_keys.difference(&v3_keys) {
-        report.only_in_v2.push((**g).clone());
+        // Group exists only in v2. Documented empty fan-outs (the
+        // hard-coded TPC-H/TPC-DS slots in v2's `FAN_OUT_GROUPS`) don't
+        // count as regressions; surface them as intentional.
+        let charts = &v2[*g];
+        let documented_empty =
+            INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2_GROUPS.contains(&g.as_str()) && charts.is_empty();
+        if documented_empty {
+            report.only_in_v2_intentional.push((**g).clone());
+        } else {
+            report.only_in_v2.push((**g).clone());
+        }
     }
     report.matched_groups.sort();
     report.only_in_v3.sort();
+    report.only_in_v3_intentional.sort();
     report.only_in_v2.sort();
+    report.only_in_v2_intentional.sort();
+    report
+        .group_chart_diffs
+        .sort_by(|a, b| a.group.cmp(&b.group));
     report
 }
 
@@ -324,6 +515,10 @@ fn normalize_chart(s: &str) -> String {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    fn group(charts: &[&str]) -> BTreeSet<String> {
+        charts.iter().map(|s| normalize_chart(s)).collect()
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn normalize_chart_canonicalizes() {
         assert_eq!(normalize_chart("taxi/take"), "TAXI/TAKE");
@@ -347,4 +542,110 @@ mod tests {
             "Clickbench"
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_clean_when_only_documented_asymmetries() {
+        // v2 has "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder; v3 has "TAXI" recovered.
+        // Both are on the intentional allowlist.
+        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v2.insert(
+            "Random Access".to_string(),
+            group(&["TAXI/CORRELATED", "TAXI/UNIFORM", "RANDOM ACCESS"]),
+        );
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert(
+            "Random Access".to_string(),
+            group(&["TAXI/CORRELATED", "TAXI/UNIFORM", "TAXI"]),
+        );
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(report.is_clean(), "expected clean, got: {report}");
+        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
+        assert_eq!(row.group, "Random Access");
+        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v3_intentional, vec!["RANDOM ACCESS"]);
+        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v2_intentional, vec!["TAXI"]);
+        assert!(row.missing_in_v3_regression.is_empty());
+        assert!(row.missing_in_v2_regression.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_flags_undocumented_only_in_v2_chart() {
+        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v2.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&["NEW CHART NAME"]));
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&[]));
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(!report.is_clean(), "expected regression, got clean");
+        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
+        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v3_regression, vec!["NEW CHART NAME"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_flags_undocumented_only_in_v3_chart() {
+        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v2.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&[]));
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&["MYSTERY CHART"]));
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(!report.is_clean(), "expected regression, got clean");
+        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
+        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v2_regression, vec!["MYSTERY CHART"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_documented_empty_fan_out_group_not_a_regression() {
+        // v2 metadata always lists `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)` with zero
+        // charts (the FAN_OUT_GROUPS hard-coding); v3 doesn't
+        // materialize empty groups. The verifier should accept this
+        // and route the asymmetry to the intentional list.
+        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v2.insert("TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)".to_string(), group(&[]));
+        v2.insert("Clickbench".to_string(), group(&["CLICKBENCH Q0"]));
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert("Clickbench".to_string(), group(&["CLICKBENCH Q0"]));
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(
+            report.is_clean(),
+            "documented empty fan-out should not be a regression: {report}"
+        );
+        assert!(report.only_in_v2.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(
+            report.only_in_v2_intentional,
+            vec!["TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)"]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_undocumented_only_in_v2_group_is_a_regression() {
+        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v2.insert("Brand New Group".to_string(), group(&["X"]));
+        let v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(!report.is_clean());
+        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v2, vec!["Brand New Group"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_documented_only_in_v3_group_not_a_regression() {
+        // `Fineweb` is on the v3 query-suite allowlist (CI still emits
+        // fineweb data); v2's `getGroup` skips fineweb so its metadata
+        // never lists the group. The verifier should accept this and
+        // surface the asymmetry as intentional.
+        let v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert("Fineweb".to_string(), group(&["FINEWEB Q0"]));
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(report.is_clean(), "documented v3-only group: {report}");
+        assert!(report.only_in_v3.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v3_intentional, vec!["Fineweb"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn diff_undocumented_only_in_v3_group_is_a_regression() {
+        let v2 = BTreeMap::new();
+        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
+        v3.insert("Mystery Group".to_string(), group(&["X"]));
+        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
+        assert!(!report.is_clean());
+        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v3, vec!["Mystery Group"]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
index 300c610bd24..71e97cb6c9a 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
@@ -260,7 +260,6 @@ fn compression_size_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
 #[case::ratio_size_vortex_raw("vortex:raw size/clickbench")]
 #[case::throughput("compress throughput/clickbench")]
 #[case::nonsense_prefix("not-a-known-bench/series")]
-#[case::random_access_2_part_legacy("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
 #[case::random_access_3_part("random-access/taxi/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
 fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     let r = record(name);
@@ -271,20 +270,74 @@ fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     );
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn random_access_2_part_legacy_is_skip_not_unknown() {
-    // The 2-part legacy shape `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
-    // carries no dataset, so `bin_random_access` returns None. That
-    // None must route through `Outcome::Skip` (an intentional drop),
-    // NOT `Outcome::Unknown`, otherwise these records count against
-    // the 5% uncategorized gate in `migrate::run`. Top-level
-    // `classify()` returns None for both Skip and Unknown, so this
-    // assertion has to go through `classify_outcome`.
-    let r = record("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk");
-    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
+#[rstest]
+#[case::parquet_2_part(
+    "random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "taxi".into(),
+        format: "parquet".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::vortex_2_part(
+    "random-access/vortex-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "taxi".into(),
+        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
+    },
+)]
+#[case::lance_2_part(
+    "random-access/lance-tokio-local-disk",
+    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
+        dataset: "taxi".into(),
+        format: "lance".into(),
+    },
+)]
+fn random_access_2_part_legacy_recovered_as_taxi(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
+    // The 2-part shape `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` is
+    // emitted by `random-access-bench`'s legacy taxi run (no
+    // `AccessPattern`, see `measurement_name` in
+    // `benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs`). The live v3
+    // emitter writes `dataset="taxi"` for those measurements, so the
+    // historical 2-part records on S3 must land in the same v3
+    // chart instead of being dropped as `UnsupportedShape`.
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert_eq!(
+        classify(&r),
+        Some(expected),
+        "2-part legacy random-access must recover as dataset=taxi"
+    );
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::parquet_footer("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+#[case::vortex_footer("random-access/vortex-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+#[case::lance_footer("random-access/lance-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+fn random_access_2_part_footer_is_deprecated(#[case] name: &str) {
+    // The reopen-mode `-footer` variant is a different access pattern
+    // (file is reopened per take). The live v3 emitter passes the
+    // bare `format.name()` for both reopen and cached, so it can't
+    // distinguish them on the wire. Keep migration consistent with
+    // that by routing `-footer` 2-part records to Skip::Deprecated
+    // (they don't strip clean to a v3-allowlisted format).
+    let r = record(name);
+    assert!(
+        matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)),
+        "2-part `-footer` random-access must be Skip::Deprecated"
+    );
+}
+
+#[rstest]
+#[case::parquet_footer("random-access/taxi/correlated/parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+#[case::vortex_footer("random-access/feature-vectors/uniform/vortex-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+#[case::lance_footer("random-access/nested-structs/correlated/lance-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
+fn random_access_4_part_footer_is_deprecated(#[case] name: &str) {
+    // Same reasoning as 2-part `-footer`: the format string ends in
+    // `-tokio-local-disk-footer`, the strip_suffix doesn't match, and
+    // the unstripped value fails the V3_FORMATS allowlist.
+    let r = record(name);
     assert!(
-        matches!(outcome, Outcome::Skip(_)),
-        "2-part legacy random-access must Skip, not Unknown; got {outcome:?}"
+        matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)),
+        "4-part `-footer` random-access must be Skip::Deprecated"
     );
 }
 

From ce775663fcea099ddf06edce08cd26886505a9cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 11:57:43 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 22/26] fix migration skips

Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs  |  67 ++--
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs        |   6 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs     |  38 +-
 benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs      | 349 ++----------------
 .../migrate/tests/classifier.rs               |  81 +---
 5 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 478 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
index 0524069e5b9..ebc14dea39b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/classifier.rs
@@ -539,11 +539,12 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
     let bin = match &cls.group {
         V2Group::RandomAccess => match bin_random_access(record) {
             Some(b) => Some(b),
-            // `bin_random_access` only returns None for malformed
-            // shapes (empty dataset/pattern segment, empty/`default`
-            // format). Route them to Skip so the `Outcome::Unknown`
-            // arm below — and the 5% uncategorized gate in
-            // `migrate::run` — don't trip on them.
+            // Legacy 2-part `random-access/<format>-…` records carry
+            // no dataset and are intentionally dropped by
+            // `bin_random_access`. Route them to Skip so the
+            // `Outcome::Unknown` arm below — and the 5%
+            // uncategorized gate in `migrate::run` — don't trip on
+            // them.
             None => return Outcome::Skip(Skip::UnsupportedShape),
         },
         V2Group::Compression => bin_compression_time(&cls, record),
@@ -566,22 +567,13 @@ pub fn classify_outcome(record: &V2Record) -> Outcome {
 
 fn bin_random_access(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
     // Pull dataset and format from the raw, pre-rename v2 name so v3
-    // stores meaningful values. Two raw shapes are supported:
-    //
-    //   - 4-part `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
-    //   - 2-part legacy `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
-    //
-    // The 2-part shape is what `random-access-bench`'s `measurement_name`
-    // emits when called without an `AccessPattern`, and per its source
-    // comment that path is only taken for the legacy taxi run
-    // (`if dataset.name() == "taxi"` in `benchmarks/random-access-bench/
-    // src/main.rs`). The live v3 emitter `random_access_record` writes
-    // `dataset="taxi"` for those same measurements, so the historical
-    // 2-part records are taxi too — assigning `dataset="taxi"` here
-    // recovers the time series instead of letting it disappear under
-    // v2's "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder. Deriving from the raw name
-    // (rather than `cls.chart`) keeps this independent of v2's
-    // `normalizeChartName`.
+    // stores meaningful values. Raw shape is
+    // `random-access/<dataset>/<pattern>/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    // (4-part). 2-part legacy records (`random-access/<format>-…`)
+    // carry no dataset and historically rendered as the placeholder
+    // string "RANDOM ACCESS"; drop them rather than emit a fake
+    // dataset. Deriving from the raw name (rather than `cls.chart`)
+    // also keeps this independent of v2's `normalizeChartName`.
     //
     // After stripping the `-tokio-local-disk` suffix, map the v2
     // random-access ext label (`vortex`, from `Format::ext()`) to the
@@ -592,32 +584,19 @@ fn bin_random_access(record: &V2Record) -> Option<V3Bin> {
     // `vortex-compact`), but v2's random-access bench only emitted
     // `OnDiskVortex`, so mapping to `vortex-file-compressed` is
     // correct for all historical data.
-    //
-    // Records whose `<format>` segment ends in `-footer` (the bench's
-    // reopen-mode variant, e.g. `parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer`)
-    // intentionally do not strip clean to a v3-allowlisted format; the
-    // outer `is_v3_dim` filter then routes them to `Skip::Deprecated`.
-    // The live v3 emitter doesn't distinguish reopen vs cached either
-    // (`random_access_record` uses `format.name()` for both), so
-    // dropping `-footer` here keeps migration consistent with what
-    // v3 ingests live.
     let parts: Vec<&str> = record.name.split('/').collect();
-    let (dataset, raw_format) = match parts.as_slice() {
-        [_, ds, pat, format] => {
-            if ds.is_empty() || pat.is_empty() {
-                return None;
-            }
-            (format!("{ds}/{pat}").to_lowercase(), *format)
-        }
-        [_, format] => ("taxi".to_string(), *format),
-        _ => return None,
-    };
-    if raw_format.is_empty() || raw_format == "default" {
+    if parts.len() != 4 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    if parts[1].is_empty() || parts[2].is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let dataset = format!("{}/{}", parts[1], parts[2]).to_lowercase();
+    let raw = parts[3];
+    if raw.is_empty() || raw == "default" {
         return None;
     }
-    let stripped = raw_format
-        .strip_suffix("-tokio-local-disk")
-        .unwrap_or(raw_format);
+    let stripped = raw.strip_suffix("-tokio-local-disk").unwrap_or(raw);
     let format = match stripped {
         "vortex" => "vortex-file-compressed".to_string(),
         other => other.to_lowercase(),
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
index fa2858cd44f..366834ed441 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/main.rs
@@ -105,11 +105,7 @@ fn run() -> Result<()> {
         Command::Verify { against, duckdb } => {
             let report = verify::run(&against, &duckdb)?;
             print!("{report}");
-            // Non-zero exit when any per-chart asymmetry isn't on the
-            // documented `INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2` / `INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3`
-            // allowlist. Group-level membership is part of `is_clean()`
-            // too, so this also catches an undocumented missing group.
-            if !report.is_clean() {
+            if !report.v2_groups_covered() {
                 std::process::exit(1);
             }
             Ok(())
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
index 633230f788c..93885e5d431 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/migrate.rs
@@ -74,11 +74,6 @@ pub struct MigrationSummary {
     pub commit_warnings: u64,
     pub skipped_no_value: u64,
     pub skipped_intentional: u64,
-    /// Per-`Skip` reason counts. Lets future agents see at a glance
-    /// which categories the classifier is throwing away records under,
-    /// so a regression that pushes data into the wrong `Skip` variant
-    /// jumps out of the run summary.
-    pub skipped_by_reason: BTreeMap<&'static str, u64>,
     pub commits_inserted: u64,
     pub deduped: u64,
     /// Number of records dropped by dedup whose `value_ns` (or
@@ -322,12 +317,8 @@ fn apply_v2_record(
 
     let bin = match classifier::classify_outcome(record) {
         classifier::Outcome::Bin(b) => b,
-        classifier::Outcome::Skip(reason) => {
+        classifier::Outcome::Skip(_) => {
             summary.skipped_intentional += 1;
-            *summary
-                .skipped_by_reason
-                .entry(skip_reason_name(reason))
-                .or_insert(0) += 1;
             return;
         }
         classifier::Outcome::Unknown => {
@@ -830,23 +821,6 @@ fn build_list_int64(values: Vec<Vec<i64>>) -> ListArray {
     )
 }
 
-/// Stable, machine-friendly name for each [`classifier::Skip`] variant.
-///
-/// Used as a histogram bucket key in [`MigrationSummary::skipped_by_reason`].
-/// Names are kept short and stable so the summary text stays diffable
-/// across runs.
-fn skip_reason_name(s: classifier::Skip) -> &'static str {
-    match s {
-        classifier::Skip::DerivedRatio => "DerivedRatio",
-        classifier::Skip::Throughput => "Throughput",
-        classifier::Skip::SkippedSuite => "SkippedSuite",
-        classifier::Skip::UnsupportedShape => "UnsupportedShape",
-        classifier::Skip::NoValue => "NoValue",
-        classifier::Skip::Deprecated => "Deprecated",
-        classifier::Skip::HistoricalMemory => "HistoricalMemory",
-    }
-}
-
 /// Print the summary in a human-readable form. Returned by the CLI.
 impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
@@ -877,16 +851,6 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for MigrationSummary {
             self.uncategorized,
             100.0 * self.uncategorized_fraction()
         )?;
-        if !self.skipped_by_reason.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Skip histogram (by reason):")?;
-            // Sort largest first so a regression that shifts records
-            // into an unexpected bucket is easy to spot.
-            let mut by_reason: Vec<_> = self.skipped_by_reason.iter().collect();
-            by_reason.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(a.1).then(a.0.cmp(b.0)));
-            for (reason, n) in by_reason {
-                writeln!(f, "  {reason:>20} : {n}")?;
-            }
-        }
         if !self.uncategorized_prefixes.is_empty() {
             let mut top: Vec<_> = self.uncategorized_prefixes.iter().collect();
             top.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(a.1));
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
index c4cdea3d14d..eb4caef6df7 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/src/verify.rs
@@ -9,13 +9,6 @@
 //! stores raw and the chart query divides. Group/chart structural
 //! equivalence is enough to spot classifier regressions before
 //! cutover.
-//!
-//! The diff distinguishes documented intentional asymmetries (e.g.
-//! ratio charts that v3 derives at read time, the legacy
-//! `RANDOM ACCESS` placeholder) from regression candidates so a clean
-//! run shows only known-good differences and a regression jumps out
-//! immediately. See [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2`] and
-//! [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3`] for the live list.
 
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
@@ -28,58 +21,25 @@ use serde::Deserialize;
 
 use crate::classifier::QUERY_SUITES;
 
-/// One row of [`VerifyReport::group_chart_diffs`]: per-group lists of
-/// chart names that are missing on either side, split into intentional
-/// asymmetries and regression candidates.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
-pub struct GroupChartDiff {
-    pub group: String,
-    pub v2_count: usize,
-    pub v3_count: usize,
-    pub missing_in_v3_intentional: Vec<String>,
-    pub missing_in_v3_regression: Vec<String>,
-    pub missing_in_v2_intentional: Vec<String>,
-    pub missing_in_v2_regression: Vec<String>,
-}
-
-impl GroupChartDiff {
-    /// True if every chart-name asymmetry between v2 and v3 for this
-    /// group is documented as intentional. False means at least one
-    /// regression candidate is on the list.
-    pub fn is_clean(&self) -> bool {
-        self.missing_in_v3_regression.is_empty() && self.missing_in_v2_regression.is_empty()
-    }
-}
-
 /// Result of one `verify` run.
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct VerifyReport {
     pub matched_groups: Vec<String>,
-    /// Groups that exist in v3 but not v2, where the asymmetry is NOT
-    /// on the documented allowlist — counts as a regression.
     pub only_in_v3: Vec<String>,
-    /// Groups that exist in v2 but not v3, where the asymmetry is NOT
-    /// on the documented allowlist — counts as a regression.
     pub only_in_v2: Vec<String>,
-    /// Groups whose v2/v3 asymmetry is on the documented allowlist
-    /// (e.g. `Fineweb` in v3, an empty `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)` fan-out
-    /// in v2). Surfaced for the human reader; not a regression.
-    pub only_in_v3_intentional: Vec<String>,
-    pub only_in_v2_intentional: Vec<String>,
-    pub group_chart_diffs: Vec<GroupChartDiff>,
+    pub chart_diffs: Vec<ChartDiff>,
 }
 
-impl VerifyReport {
-    /// True if every v2 group is represented in v3 *and* every per-
-    /// chart-name asymmetry is documented as intentional. The CLI's
-    /// exit code reflects this.
-    pub fn is_clean(&self) -> bool {
-        self.only_in_v2.is_empty()
-            && self.only_in_v3.is_empty()
-            && self.group_chart_diffs.iter().all(|d| d.is_clean())
-    }
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ChartDiff {
+    pub group: String,
+    pub v2_count: usize,
+    pub v3_count: usize,
+}
 
-    /// Backwards-compatible: were all v2 groups covered by v3?
+impl VerifyReport {
+    /// True if every v2 group is represented in v3. The CLI's exit
+    /// code reflects this.
     pub fn v2_groups_covered(&self) -> bool {
         self.only_in_v2.is_empty()
     }
@@ -94,30 +54,18 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for VerifyReport {
         if !self.only_in_v2.is_empty() {
             writeln!(f, "Groups only in v2 (regression candidates):")?;
             for g in &self.only_in_v2 {
-                writeln!(f, "  ✗ {g}")?;
-            }
-        }
-        if !self.only_in_v2_intentional.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v2 (documented intentional skip):")?;
-            for g in &self.only_in_v2_intentional {
-                writeln!(f, "  · {g}")?;
+                writeln!(f, "  - {g}")?;
             }
         }
         if !self.only_in_v3.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3 (regression candidates):")?;
+            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3:")?;
             for g in &self.only_in_v3 {
-                writeln!(f, "  ✗ {g}")?;
-            }
-        }
-        if !self.only_in_v3_intentional.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Groups only in v3 (documented intentional addition):")?;
-            for g in &self.only_in_v3_intentional {
-                writeln!(f, "  · {g}")?;
+                writeln!(f, "  + {g}")?;
             }
         }
-        if !self.group_chart_diffs.is_empty() {
-            writeln!(f, "Chart name diffs (per group):")?;
-            for d in &self.group_chart_diffs {
+        if !self.chart_diffs.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Chart count diffs:")?;
+            for d in &self.chart_diffs {
                 writeln!(
                     f,
                     "  {} : v2={} v3={} (delta={})",
@@ -126,28 +74,8 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for VerifyReport {
                     d.v3_count,
                     d.v3_count as i64 - d.v2_count as i64,
                 )?;
-                for c in &d.missing_in_v3_regression {
-                    writeln!(f, "      ✗ only in v2 (regression candidate): {c}")?;
-                }
-                for c in &d.missing_in_v2_regression {
-                    writeln!(f, "      ✗ only in v3 (regression candidate): {c}")?;
-                }
-                for c in &d.missing_in_v3_intentional {
-                    writeln!(f, "      · only in v2 (documented intentional skip): {c}")?;
-                }
-                for c in &d.missing_in_v2_intentional {
-                    writeln!(
-                        f,
-                        "      · only in v3 (documented intentional addition): {c}"
-                    )?;
-                }
             }
         }
-        if self.is_clean() {
-            writeln!(f, "verify: clean (every asymmetry is documented).")?;
-        } else {
-            writeln!(f, "verify: regression candidates present (see ✗ above).")?;
-        }
         Ok(())
     }
 }
@@ -178,76 +106,6 @@ pub fn run(v2_server: &str, duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<VerifyReport> {
     Ok(diff(&v2, &v3))
 }
 
-/// Charts present in v2 metadata but intentionally absent from v3.
-///
-/// Each entry is a `(group, normalized_chart_name)` pair. The
-/// normalization matches [`normalize_chart`] so the lookup uses the
-/// same key shape the diff produces. Update this list whenever the
-/// classifier deliberately drops a v2 chart pattern (e.g. a derived
-/// ratio, a placeholder, a deprecated format) so a future regression
-/// shows up as a fresh ✗ instead of getting lost in the noise.
-const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    // Compression ratios are derived at read time from compression_sizes
-    // (joined to itself); the migrator routes them to Skip::DerivedRatio.
-    ("Compression", "VORTEX:LANCE RATIO COMPRESS TIME"),
-    ("Compression", "VORTEX:LANCE RATIO DECOMPRESS TIME"),
-    ("Compression", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD RATIO COMPRESS TIME"),
-    ("Compression", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD RATIO DECOMPRESS TIME"),
-    // Compression-size ratios — same story.
-    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:LANCE SIZE"),
-    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:PARQUET ZSTD SIZE"),
-    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX:RAW SIZE"),
-    // The legacy 2-part `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` records
-    // render in v2 under a "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder chart. The
-    // migrator recovers their *values* under `dataset="taxi"` (see
-    // `bin_random_access`) instead of carrying the placeholder name
-    // forward, so v3 has a "TAXI" chart and v2 has "RANDOM ACCESS".
-    // Both sides are documented intentional asymmetries.
-    ("Random Access", "RANDOM ACCESS"),
-];
-
-/// Charts emitted by the migrator that v2 intentionally doesn't render.
-///
-/// Pair shape matches [`INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2`].
-const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
-    // `vortex-compact` size rows come in via `migrate_file_sizes` (the
-    // file-sizes-*.json.gz path). v2 never rendered the format because
-    // its `getGroup` didn't recognize the `vortex-compact` suite.
-    ("Compression Size", "VORTEX COMPACT SIZE"),
-    // 2-part legacy random-access records (per the "RANDOM ACCESS"
-    // entry in INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2 above) are recovered in v3 as
-    // dataset="taxi". v2 never had a chart by that name in Random
-    // Access — its taxi dataset always rode the `taxi/correlated`
-    // and `taxi/uniform` 4-part patterns.
-    ("Random Access", "TAXI"),
-];
-
-/// Groups intentionally surfaced by v3 but skipped by v2's metadata.
-///
-/// `fineweb` is on `V3_QUERY_SUITES` because the live CI workflow still
-/// emits fineweb measurements; v2's `getGroup` marks the suite
-/// `skip: true` so the v2 server never builds metadata for it.
-const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3_GROUPS: &[&str] = &["Fineweb"];
-
-/// Groups intentionally listed by v2 metadata that v3 doesn't materialize.
-///
-/// v2's `FAN_OUT_GROUPS` registers TPC-H and TPC-DS group names for
-/// every `(storage, scale_factor)` pair the UI knows about, even when
-/// no records exist (the chart list comes back empty). The migrator
-/// only writes a group when matching rows exist, so empty fan-outs
-/// don't appear in v3 — which is the intended behavior.
-const INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2_GROUPS: &[&str] = &[
-    "TPC-DS (NVMe) (SF=10)",
-    "TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)",
-    "TPC-H (S3) (SF=1000)",
-];
-
-fn is_intentional(table: &[(&str, &str)], group: &str, chart: &str) -> bool {
-    table
-        .iter()
-        .any(|(g, c)| *g == group && normalize_chart(c) == chart)
-}
-
 fn collect_v3_groups(duckdb_path: &Path) -> Result<BTreeMap<String, BTreeSet<String>>> {
     let conn = Connection::open(duckdb_path)
         .with_context(|| format!("opening DuckDB at {}", duckdb_path.display()))?;
@@ -371,76 +229,27 @@ fn diff(
     let mut report = VerifyReport::default();
     let v2_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v2.keys().collect();
     let v3_keys: BTreeSet<&String> = v3.keys().collect();
-
-    // Group-level membership. An entry that's "only in v2" but with
-    // zero charts (e.g. a pre-registered FAN_OUT_GROUPS placeholder)
-    // and that's on the documented allowlist isn't a regression.
     for g in v2_keys.intersection(&v3_keys) {
         report.matched_groups.push((**g).clone());
         let v2_charts = &v2[*g];
         let v3_charts = &v3[*g];
-        let only_v3 = v3_charts.difference(v2_charts).cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        let only_v2 = v2_charts.difference(v3_charts).cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-        if only_v3.is_empty() && only_v2.is_empty() {
-            continue;
-        }
-        let mut row = GroupChartDiff {
-            group: (**g).clone(),
-            v2_count: v2_charts.len(),
-            v3_count: v3_charts.len(),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        for c in only_v2 {
-            if is_intentional(INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2, g, &c) {
-                row.missing_in_v3_intentional.push(c);
-            } else {
-                row.missing_in_v3_regression.push(c);
-            }
+        if v2_charts.len() != v3_charts.len() {
+            report.chart_diffs.push(ChartDiff {
+                group: (**g).clone(),
+                v2_count: v2_charts.len(),
+                v3_count: v3_charts.len(),
+            });
         }
-        for c in only_v3 {
-            if is_intentional(INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3, g, &c) {
-                row.missing_in_v2_intentional.push(c);
-            } else {
-                row.missing_in_v2_regression.push(c);
-            }
-        }
-        row.missing_in_v3_intentional.sort();
-        row.missing_in_v3_regression.sort();
-        row.missing_in_v2_intentional.sort();
-        row.missing_in_v2_regression.sort();
-        report.group_chart_diffs.push(row);
     }
     for g in v3_keys.difference(&v2_keys) {
-        // Group exists only in v3. If documented (e.g. fineweb), shunt
-        // it to the intentional list; otherwise it's a regression
-        // candidate.
-        if INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V3_GROUPS.contains(&g.as_str()) {
-            report.only_in_v3_intentional.push((**g).clone());
-        } else {
-            report.only_in_v3.push((**g).clone());
-        }
+        report.only_in_v3.push((**g).clone());
     }
     for g in v2_keys.difference(&v3_keys) {
-        // Group exists only in v2. Documented empty fan-outs (the
-        // hard-coded TPC-H/TPC-DS slots in v2's `FAN_OUT_GROUPS`) don't
-        // count as regressions; surface them as intentional.
-        let charts = &v2[*g];
-        let documented_empty =
-            INTENTIONAL_ONLY_IN_V2_GROUPS.contains(&g.as_str()) && charts.is_empty();
-        if documented_empty {
-            report.only_in_v2_intentional.push((**g).clone());
-        } else {
-            report.only_in_v2.push((**g).clone());
-        }
+        report.only_in_v2.push((**g).clone());
     }
     report.matched_groups.sort();
     report.only_in_v3.sort();
-    report.only_in_v3_intentional.sort();
     report.only_in_v2.sort();
-    report.only_in_v2_intentional.sort();
-    report
-        .group_chart_diffs
-        .sort_by(|a, b| a.group.cmp(&b.group));
     report
 }
 
@@ -515,10 +324,6 @@ fn normalize_chart(s: &str) -> String {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
-    fn group(charts: &[&str]) -> BTreeSet<String> {
-        charts.iter().map(|s| normalize_chart(s)).collect()
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn normalize_chart_canonicalizes() {
         assert_eq!(normalize_chart("taxi/take"), "TAXI/TAKE");
@@ -542,110 +347,4 @@ mod tests {
             "Clickbench"
         );
     }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_clean_when_only_documented_asymmetries() {
-        // v2 has "RANDOM ACCESS" placeholder; v3 has "TAXI" recovered.
-        // Both are on the intentional allowlist.
-        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v2.insert(
-            "Random Access".to_string(),
-            group(&["TAXI/CORRELATED", "TAXI/UNIFORM", "RANDOM ACCESS"]),
-        );
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert(
-            "Random Access".to_string(),
-            group(&["TAXI/CORRELATED", "TAXI/UNIFORM", "TAXI"]),
-        );
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(report.is_clean(), "expected clean, got: {report}");
-        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
-        assert_eq!(row.group, "Random Access");
-        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v3_intentional, vec!["RANDOM ACCESS"]);
-        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v2_intentional, vec!["TAXI"]);
-        assert!(row.missing_in_v3_regression.is_empty());
-        assert!(row.missing_in_v2_regression.is_empty());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_flags_undocumented_only_in_v2_chart() {
-        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v2.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&["NEW CHART NAME"]));
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&[]));
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(!report.is_clean(), "expected regression, got clean");
-        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
-        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v3_regression, vec!["NEW CHART NAME"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_flags_undocumented_only_in_v3_chart() {
-        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v2.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&[]));
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert("Random Access".to_string(), group(&["MYSTERY CHART"]));
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(!report.is_clean(), "expected regression, got clean");
-        let row = &report.group_chart_diffs[0];
-        assert_eq!(row.missing_in_v2_regression, vec!["MYSTERY CHART"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_documented_empty_fan_out_group_not_a_regression() {
-        // v2 metadata always lists `TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)` with zero
-        // charts (the FAN_OUT_GROUPS hard-coding); v3 doesn't
-        // materialize empty groups. The verifier should accept this
-        // and route the asymmetry to the intentional list.
-        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v2.insert("TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)".to_string(), group(&[]));
-        v2.insert("Clickbench".to_string(), group(&["CLICKBENCH Q0"]));
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert("Clickbench".to_string(), group(&["CLICKBENCH Q0"]));
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(
-            report.is_clean(),
-            "documented empty fan-out should not be a regression: {report}"
-        );
-        assert!(report.only_in_v2.is_empty());
-        assert_eq!(
-            report.only_in_v2_intentional,
-            vec!["TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1000)"]
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_undocumented_only_in_v2_group_is_a_regression() {
-        let mut v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v2.insert("Brand New Group".to_string(), group(&["X"]));
-        let v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(!report.is_clean());
-        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v2, vec!["Brand New Group"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_documented_only_in_v3_group_not_a_regression() {
-        // `Fineweb` is on the v3 query-suite allowlist (CI still emits
-        // fineweb data); v2's `getGroup` skips fineweb so its metadata
-        // never lists the group. The verifier should accept this and
-        // surface the asymmetry as intentional.
-        let v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert("Fineweb".to_string(), group(&["FINEWEB Q0"]));
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(report.is_clean(), "documented v3-only group: {report}");
-        assert!(report.only_in_v3.is_empty());
-        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v3_intentional, vec!["Fineweb"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn diff_undocumented_only_in_v3_group_is_a_regression() {
-        let v2 = BTreeMap::new();
-        let mut v3 = BTreeMap::new();
-        v3.insert("Mystery Group".to_string(), group(&["X"]));
-        let report = diff(&v2, &v3);
-        assert!(!report.is_clean());
-        assert_eq!(report.only_in_v3, vec!["Mystery Group"]);
-    }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
index 71e97cb6c9a..300c610bd24 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/migrate/tests/classifier.rs
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ fn compression_size_records(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
 #[case::ratio_size_vortex_raw("vortex:raw size/clickbench")]
 #[case::throughput("compress throughput/clickbench")]
 #[case::nonsense_prefix("not-a-known-bench/series")]
+#[case::random_access_2_part_legacy("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
 #[case::random_access_3_part("random-access/taxi/parquet-tokio-local-disk")]
 fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     let r = record(name);
@@ -270,74 +271,20 @@ fn unmapped_records_yield_none(#[case] name: &str) {
     );
 }
 
-#[rstest]
-#[case::parquet_2_part(
-    "random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk",
-    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
-        dataset: "taxi".into(),
-        format: "parquet".into(),
-    },
-)]
-#[case::vortex_2_part(
-    "random-access/vortex-tokio-local-disk",
-    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
-        dataset: "taxi".into(),
-        format: "vortex-file-compressed".into(),
-    },
-)]
-#[case::lance_2_part(
-    "random-access/lance-tokio-local-disk",
-    V3Bin::RandomAccess {
-        dataset: "taxi".into(),
-        format: "lance".into(),
-    },
-)]
-fn random_access_2_part_legacy_recovered_as_taxi(#[case] name: &str, #[case] expected: V3Bin) {
-    // The 2-part shape `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk` is
-    // emitted by `random-access-bench`'s legacy taxi run (no
-    // `AccessPattern`, see `measurement_name` in
-    // `benchmarks/random-access-bench/src/main.rs`). The live v3
-    // emitter writes `dataset="taxi"` for those measurements, so the
-    // historical 2-part records on S3 must land in the same v3
-    // chart instead of being dropped as `UnsupportedShape`.
-    let r = record(name);
-    assert_eq!(
-        classify(&r),
-        Some(expected),
-        "2-part legacy random-access must recover as dataset=taxi"
-    );
-}
-
-#[rstest]
-#[case::parquet_footer("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-#[case::vortex_footer("random-access/vortex-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-#[case::lance_footer("random-access/lance-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-fn random_access_2_part_footer_is_deprecated(#[case] name: &str) {
-    // The reopen-mode `-footer` variant is a different access pattern
-    // (file is reopened per take). The live v3 emitter passes the
-    // bare `format.name()` for both reopen and cached, so it can't
-    // distinguish them on the wire. Keep migration consistent with
-    // that by routing `-footer` 2-part records to Skip::Deprecated
-    // (they don't strip clean to a v3-allowlisted format).
-    let r = record(name);
-    assert!(
-        matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)),
-        "2-part `-footer` random-access must be Skip::Deprecated"
-    );
-}
-
-#[rstest]
-#[case::parquet_footer("random-access/taxi/correlated/parquet-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-#[case::vortex_footer("random-access/feature-vectors/uniform/vortex-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-#[case::lance_footer("random-access/nested-structs/correlated/lance-tokio-local-disk-footer")]
-fn random_access_4_part_footer_is_deprecated(#[case] name: &str) {
-    // Same reasoning as 2-part `-footer`: the format string ends in
-    // `-tokio-local-disk-footer`, the strip_suffix doesn't match, and
-    // the unstripped value fails the V3_FORMATS allowlist.
-    let r = record(name);
+#[test]
+fn random_access_2_part_legacy_is_skip_not_unknown() {
+    // The 2-part legacy shape `random-access/<format>-tokio-local-disk`
+    // carries no dataset, so `bin_random_access` returns None. That
+    // None must route through `Outcome::Skip` (an intentional drop),
+    // NOT `Outcome::Unknown`, otherwise these records count against
+    // the 5% uncategorized gate in `migrate::run`. Top-level
+    // `classify()` returns None for both Skip and Unknown, so this
+    // assertion has to go through `classify_outcome`.
+    let r = record("random-access/parquet-tokio-local-disk");
+    let outcome = classify_outcome(&r);
     assert!(
-        matches!(classify_outcome(&r), Outcome::Skip(Skip::Deprecated)),
-        "4-part `-footer` random-access must be Skip::Deprecated"
+        matches!(outcome, Outcome::Skip(_)),
+        "2-part legacy random-access must Skip, not Unknown; got {outcome:?}"
     );
 }
 

From ed968dc877f240eb338b561b076d07f822480d08 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 16:06:15 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 23/26] benchmarks-website: sort tooltip rows, hide URL, click
 point opens PR
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Three small UX fixes for the v3 inline charts:

1. Sort tooltip rows by current y-value descending via Chart.js
   `tooltip.itemSort` so they match the visual top-to-bottom stack of
   series at the hovered x.

2. Drop the bare `github.com/.../commit/...` URL from the tooltip
   footer. Show `<short-sha> · <first-line message truncated to 80>`
   instead. The full URL is no longer rendered as text but is still
   reachable via the click handler below.

3. Add `onClick` on each chart that picks the nearest x-index, parses
   `(#NNNN)` from the squash-merged commit message, and opens the
   corresponding `vortex-data/vortex` pull request in a new tab.
   Falls back to the commit URL when the regex doesn't match (which is
   only expected for non-squash merges).

Pure JS change in `static/chart-init.js`; no Rust/API touched, so no
fmt/clippy/public-api work was needed. Snapshot tests already pass —
they assert the served HTML, which only references the JS file by URL.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 60 +++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 50 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index b074a4bb0db..c8877c1dfda 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -52,6 +52,21 @@
     return s.length > max ? s.slice(0, max - 1) + "…" : s;
   }
 
+  function firstLine(s) {
+    if (typeof s !== "string") return "";
+    var nl = s.indexOf("\n");
+    return nl >= 0 ? s.slice(0, nl) : s;
+  }
+
+  // Vortex commits to `develop` are squash-merged from PRs; the squash subject
+  // ends with `(#NNNN)`. Returning just the number lets callers build either a
+  // PR or commit URL.
+  function parsePrNumber(message) {
+    if (typeof message !== "string") return null;
+    var m = message.match(/\(#(\d+)\)/);
+    return m ? m[1] : null;
+  }
+
   function escapeHtml(s) {
     return String(s)
       .replace(/&/g, "&amp;")
@@ -144,9 +159,9 @@
   // previous implementation flipped it to `auto` when visible; the cursor
   // would land on the tooltip, fire mouseout on the canvas, the tooltip
   // would hide, the cursor would re-enter the canvas, and the cycle would
-  // repeat at event-loop frequency. The cost of `pointer-events: none` is
-  // that the github-link in the tooltip footer is no longer clickable, but
-  // the chart-card title already links to the permalink.
+  // repeat at event-loop frequency. Clicks on a data point are handled by
+  // the chart's `onClick` (opens the PR or commit URL in a new tab), so the
+  // tooltip itself never needs to be interactive.
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   function externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host) {
     return function (context) {
@@ -195,13 +210,16 @@
         + escapeHtml(shortDate(commit.timestamp))
         + "</div>";
 
-      var msg = commit.message ? truncate(commit.message, 120) : "";
-      var footerHtml = (msg || commit.url)
-        ? '<div class="tt-footer">'
-          + (msg ? '<div class="tt-msg">' + escapeHtml(msg) + "</div>" : "")
-          + (commit.url ? '<div class="tt-msg">'
-              + escapeHtml(commit.url.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "")) + "</div>" : "")
-          + "</div>"
+      // Show short SHA + first-line commit message, truncated. The full URL
+      // (or PR URL) is wired up via the chart's onClick handler, so we don't
+      // render it as text here.
+      var msg = truncate(firstLine(commit.message || ""), 80);
+      var footerLine = commit.sha
+        ? (msg ? escapeHtml(shortSha(commit.sha)) + " · " + escapeHtml(msg)
+                : escapeHtml(shortSha(commit.sha)))
+        : escapeHtml(msg);
+      var footerHtml = footerLine
+        ? '<div class="tt-footer"><div class="tt-msg">' + footerLine + "</div></div>"
         : "";
 
       host.innerHTML = titleHtml + '<div class="tt-rows">' + rows + "</div>" + footerHtml;
@@ -298,6 +316,21 @@
         // the column. Combined with `pointer-events: none` on the tooltip
         // host, this is the flicker fix.
         interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false, axis: "x" },
+        onClick: function (event, _activeElements, chart) {
+          var points = chart.getElementsAtEventForMode(
+            event, "nearest", { intersect: false, axis: "x" }, true,
+          );
+          if (!points.length) return;
+          var idx = points[0].index;
+          var commits = (canvas.__bench_payload || {}).commits || [];
+          var commit = commits[idx];
+          if (!commit) return;
+          var pr = parsePrNumber(commit.message);
+          var url = pr
+            ? "https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/pull/" + pr
+            : commit.url;
+          if (url) window.open(url, "_blank", "noopener");
+        },
         scales: {
           y: {
             type: state.y === "log" ? "logarithmic" : "linear",
@@ -315,6 +348,13 @@
           tooltip: {
             enabled: false,
             external: externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host),
+            // Order rows top-to-bottom by current y-value descending so the
+            // tooltip matches the visual stack of the lines at the hovered x.
+            itemSort: function (a, b) {
+              var av = a.parsed && Number.isFinite(a.parsed.y) ? a.parsed.y : -Infinity;
+              var bv = b.parsed && Number.isFinite(b.parsed.y) ? b.parsed.y : -Infinity;
+              return bv - av;
+            },
           },
           // chartjs-plugin-zoom config — wheel-zoom is disabled because we
           // want wheel-pan instead (handled by the canvas wheel listener

From 1cd7166b0123d3c25e59943b1761f0f1d6232314 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 16:31:19 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 24/26] feat(benchmarks-website): per-chart range scrollbar
 strip

Add a thin draggable strip below each chart's <canvas> that mirrors the
fetched commit history and highlights the currently visible window. The
highlight can be panned by dragging its body or resized by dragging
either edge handle; bare-track clicks recentre the window at the cursor.

Wired bidirectionally with chartjs-plugin-zoom: drag-pan and
drag-rect-zoom gestures refresh the strip via the plugin's
onPan/onZoom/onPanComplete/onZoomComplete hooks, while toolbar slider
changes and wheel-pan call canvas.__bench_strip_render directly. Strip
drags clamp to the data range, mirror the resulting window size onto the
toolbar slider, and trigger chart.update("none").

The strip is ~14px tall (18px on mobile), keeps pointer-events: auto
(unlike the tooltip host), and lays out via percentages so it tracks
the chart canvas width without extra wiring on resize.

Local checks:
- cargo test -p vortex-bench-server --test web_ui (15 passed; insta
  snapshots updated for landing/chart/group pages to include the strip
  markup; new chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar assertions cover
  range-strip / window / handles).
- cargo +nightly fmt --all
- cargo clippy -p vortex-bench-server --all-targets --all-features
  (clean).

Browser smoke test: not run in this environment; the snapshot tests
exercise the full SSR rendering path against a fixture-seeded DB and
confirm one strip per chart-card on /, /chart/{slug}, and /group/{slug}.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         |  27 ++-
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 171 ++++++++++++++++++
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    |  57 ++++++
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     |  12 ++
 7 files changed, 269 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index 46b6a7c006b..e638a4f9e9a 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
 const VORTEX_BLACK_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
 const VORTEX_WHITE_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
-const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-7";
+const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-8";
 
 /// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
@@ -469,6 +469,7 @@ fn chart_card(link: &api::ChartLink, idx: usize, inlined: Option<&NamedChartResp
             div.chart-wrap {
                 canvas data-chart-index=(idx) {}
             }
+            (range_strip(idx))
             @if let Some(item) = inlined {
                 script id={ "chart-data-" (idx) } type="application/json" {
                     (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(
@@ -497,6 +498,7 @@ fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
             div.chart-wrap {
                 canvas data-chart-index="0" {}
             }
+            (range_strip(0))
             // Embedded JSON; rendered as text content so JSON `<` / `>` are HTML-escaped.
             script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json" {
                 (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(payload_json)))
@@ -527,6 +529,7 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
                     div.chart-wrap {
                         canvas data-chart-index=(i) {}
                     }
+                    (range_strip(i))
                     script id={ "chart-data-" (i) } type="application/json" {
                         (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(
                             &serde_json::to_string(&item.chart)
@@ -701,6 +704,28 @@ fn per_chart_toolbar(idx: usize) -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
+/// Render the per-chart range scrollbar strip. A thin track that spans the
+/// full chart width and shows which slice of the fetched commit history is
+/// currently visible. `chart-init.js` hydrates the strip on chart construction
+/// and wires bidirectional drag/resize to the chart's pan/zoom state.
+fn range_strip(idx: usize) -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        div.chart-range-strip data-chart-index=(idx)
+            data-role="range-strip"
+            aria-label="Visible commit range"
+            role="slider" {
+            div.chart-range-strip-track {
+                div.chart-range-strip-window data-role="range-window" {
+                    span.chart-range-strip-handle.chart-range-strip-handle--left
+                        data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true" {}
+                    span.chart-range-strip-handle.chart-range-strip-handle--right
+                        data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true" {}
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Make a JSON string safe to embed inside a `<script>` element.
 ///
 /// HTML parsers terminate `<script>` early on a literal `</`. Replacing the
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index c8877c1dfda..1d2eadaf0b1 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -383,9 +383,178 @@
 
     canvas.__bench_chart = chart;
     attachWheelPan(canvas, chart);
+    bindRangeStrip(card, chart);
     return chart;
   }
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Range scrollbar strip — the thin track below each canvas. Spans the full
+  // commit history; the highlighted "window" matches the chart's currently
+  // visible x-range and can be dragged or its edges resized to pan/zoom.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function bindRangeStrip(card, chart) {
+    var strip = card.querySelector('[data-role="range-strip"]');
+    if (!strip || strip.__bench_bound) return;
+    strip.__bench_bound = true;
+    var win = strip.querySelector('[data-role="range-window"]');
+    var leftHandle = strip.querySelector('[data-role="range-handle-left"]');
+    var rightHandle = strip.querySelector('[data-role="range-handle-right"]');
+    if (!win || !leftHandle || !rightHandle) return;
+
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+
+    function commitCount() {
+      return (chart.data.labels || []).length;
+    }
+
+    function visibleBounds() {
+      var n = commitCount();
+      if (n <= 0) return { min: 0, max: 0 };
+      var maxIdx = n - 1;
+      var sx = chart.options.scales.x || {};
+      var min = Number.isFinite(sx.min) ? sx.min : 0;
+      var max = Number.isFinite(sx.max) ? sx.max : maxIdx;
+      min = Math.max(0, Math.min(maxIdx, min));
+      max = Math.max(min, Math.min(maxIdx, max));
+      return { min: min, max: max };
+    }
+
+    function render() {
+      var n = commitCount();
+      if (n <= 0) {
+        win.style.left = "0%";
+        win.style.width = "100%";
+        return;
+      }
+      var b = visibleBounds();
+      var span = Math.max(1, n - 1);
+      var leftPct = (b.min / span) * 100;
+      var widthPct = ((b.max - b.min) / span) * 100;
+      // A minimum visible width keeps the handles grabbable when zoomed in
+      // tight on a single commit.
+      if (widthPct < 1.5) widthPct = 1.5;
+      if (leftPct + widthPct > 100) leftPct = 100 - widthPct;
+      win.style.left = leftPct + "%";
+      win.style.width = widthPct + "%";
+    }
+
+    function setRange(newMin, newMax) {
+      var n = commitCount();
+      if (n <= 0) return;
+      var maxIdx = n - 1;
+      var minRange = 1; // matches plugin `limits.x.minRange = 4` loosely; allow tighter via strip
+      newMin = Math.max(0, Math.min(maxIdx - minRange, newMin));
+      newMax = Math.max(newMin + minRange, Math.min(maxIdx, newMax));
+      chart.options.scales.x.min = newMin;
+      chart.options.scales.x.max = newMax;
+      // Track scope on the canvas so the toolbar slider stays consistent
+      // when the user later drags it.
+      if (canvas && canvas.__bench_state) {
+        canvas.__bench_state.scope = Math.round(newMax - newMin + 1);
+      }
+      chart.update("none");
+      // Mirror the new scope onto the slider for visual consistency. The
+      // slider's min/max keep the value clamped.
+      var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
+      if (slider) {
+        var v = Math.round(newMax - newMin + 1);
+        var lo = parseInt(slider.min, 10) || 1;
+        var hi = parseInt(slider.max, 10) || n;
+        slider.value = Math.max(lo, Math.min(hi, v));
+      }
+      render();
+    }
+
+    function pxToIndex(px, trackWidth) {
+      var n = commitCount();
+      if (n <= 1 || trackWidth <= 0) return 0;
+      var pct = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, px / trackWidth));
+      return pct * (n - 1);
+    }
+
+    var dragState = null;
+
+    function onPointerDown(e) {
+      if (e.button !== undefined && e.button !== 0) return;
+      var role = e.target.getAttribute && e.target.getAttribute("data-role");
+      var rect = strip.getBoundingClientRect();
+      var trackWidth = rect.width;
+      var b = visibleBounds();
+      var idxAtCursor = pxToIndex(e.clientX - rect.left, trackWidth);
+
+      var mode;
+      if (role === "range-handle-left") mode = "resize-left";
+      else if (role === "range-handle-right") mode = "resize-right";
+      else if (role === "range-window") mode = "pan";
+      else {
+        // Click on bare track: jump the window so its centre lands at the
+        // cursor, then begin a pan drag.
+        var width = b.max - b.min;
+        var newMin = idxAtCursor - width / 2;
+        setRange(newMin, newMin + width);
+        b = visibleBounds();
+        mode = "pan";
+      }
+      dragState = {
+        mode: mode,
+        rect: rect,
+        startX: e.clientX,
+        startMin: b.min,
+        startMax: b.max,
+        pointerId: e.pointerId,
+      };
+      try { strip.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId); } catch (err) {}
+      e.preventDefault();
+      strip.classList.add("chart-range-strip--dragging");
+    }
+
+    function onPointerMove(e) {
+      if (!dragState) return;
+      var n = commitCount();
+      if (n <= 1) return;
+      var trackWidth = dragState.rect.width;
+      var dxPx = e.clientX - dragState.startX;
+      var dxIdx = (dxPx / Math.max(1, trackWidth)) * (n - 1);
+      if (dragState.mode === "pan") {
+        setRange(dragState.startMin + dxIdx, dragState.startMax + dxIdx);
+      } else if (dragState.mode === "resize-left") {
+        setRange(dragState.startMin + dxIdx, dragState.startMax);
+      } else if (dragState.mode === "resize-right") {
+        setRange(dragState.startMin, dragState.startMax + dxIdx);
+      }
+    }
+
+    function onPointerUp(e) {
+      if (!dragState) return;
+      try { strip.releasePointerCapture(dragState.pointerId); } catch (err) {}
+      dragState = null;
+      strip.classList.remove("chart-range-strip--dragging");
+    }
+
+    strip.addEventListener("pointerdown", onPointerDown);
+    strip.addEventListener("pointermove", onPointerMove);
+    strip.addEventListener("pointerup", onPointerUp);
+    strip.addEventListener("pointercancel", onPointerUp);
+
+    // Bidirectional: chart -> strip. The zoom plugin fires `onPan`/`onZoom`
+    // during user gestures (drag-pan, drag-rect-zoom). Hook those to refresh.
+    // Programmatic state changes (toolbar slider, wheel-pan) re-render the
+    // strip explicitly via `canvas.__bench_strip_render`.
+    var zoomOpts = chart.options.plugins && chart.options.plugins.zoom;
+    if (zoomOpts) {
+      if (zoomOpts.zoom) {
+        zoomOpts.zoom.onZoom = function () { render(); };
+        zoomOpts.zoom.onZoomComplete = function () { render(); };
+      }
+      if (zoomOpts.pan) {
+        zoomOpts.pan.onPan = function () { render(); };
+        zoomOpts.pan.onPanComplete = function () { render(); };
+      }
+    }
+    canvas.__bench_strip_render = render;
+    render();
+  }
+
   // Wheel = horizontal pan. Chart.js zoom plugin doesn't support wheel-pan
   // out of the box (wheel is always zoom in its config), so we attach a
   // `wheel` listener that translates `deltaY`/`deltaX` into `chart.pan`.
@@ -403,6 +572,7 @@
       // positive x moves the visible window toward older commits, while
       // negative x moves back toward newer commits.
       chart.pan({ x: dx * 0.5 }, undefined, "none");
+      if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
     }, { passive: false });
   }
 
@@ -430,6 +600,7 @@
     chart.options.scales.x.max = range.max;
     chart.update("none");
     syncToolbarUi(card, "scope", String(scopeValue));
+    if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
   }
 
   function applyY(card, yValue) {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index 31d0c0f0636..e844ad4e7b4 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -611,6 +611,63 @@ main > .chart-card:not(.chart-grid .chart-card) .chart-wrap {
   height: 680px;
 }
 
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Range scrollbar strip (`.chart-range-strip`)
+ *
+ * Thin track below each canvas. Spans the full commit history; the inset
+ * `.chart-range-strip-window` highlights the currently visible slice and
+ * carries two edge handles for resize. Pointer events are intentionally
+ * `auto` (unlike the tooltip host) because users grab and drag this widget.
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+.chart-range-strip {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 14px;
+  margin-top: 0.4rem;
+  pointer-events: auto;
+  user-select: none;
+  touch-action: none;
+}
+.chart-range-strip-track {
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 0;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 3px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+.chart-range-strip-window {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 28%, transparent);
+  border-left: 1px solid var(--accent);
+  border-right: 1px solid var(--accent);
+  cursor: grab;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+.chart-range-strip--dragging .chart-range-strip-window { cursor: grabbing; }
+.chart-range-strip-handle {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  width: 6px;
+  background: var(--accent);
+  cursor: ew-resize;
+}
+.chart-range-strip-handle--left { left: -3px; border-radius: 2px 0 0 2px; }
+.chart-range-strip-handle--right { right: -3px; border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0; }
+.chart-range-strip-handle:hover { filter: brightness(1.1); }
+
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  .chart-range-strip { height: 18px; }
+  .chart-range-strip-handle { width: 10px; }
+  .chart-range-strip-handle--left { left: -5px; }
+  .chart-range-strip-handle--right { right: -5px; }
+}
+
 .no-script {
   margin-top: 1rem;
   padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index a4882c1ce7d..cc7a8f20687 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span 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chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index 3592a362b95..deb003ce2e0 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible 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commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[600000.0,650000.0,700000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-7" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">2 charts</p><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-1" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q2 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[600000.0,650000.0,700000.0]}}</script></section></div><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index 494a1d9daa8..c2619d39dd8 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-7"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-7" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" 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0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div 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href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" 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1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible 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data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="2" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="3" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="4" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="5" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index ab3f752be59..a014d52156f 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -458,11 +458,23 @@ async fn chart_card_carries_per_chart_toolbar() -> Result<()> {
 
     let card_count = body.matches(r#"<section class="chart-card""#).count();
     let toolbar_count = body.matches(r#"class="toolbar toolbar--card""#).count();
+    let strip_count = body.matches(r#"data-role="range-strip""#).count();
     assert!(card_count > 0, "landing page must render chart cards");
     assert_eq!(
         toolbar_count, card_count,
         "every chart-card must contain a toolbar--card ({card_count} cards / {toolbar_count} toolbars)"
     );
+    assert_eq!(
+        strip_count, card_count,
+        "every chart-card must carry a range-strip below the canvas \
+         ({card_count} cards / {strip_count} strips)"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-role="range-window""#)
+            && body.contains(r#"data-role="range-handle-left""#)
+            && body.contains(r#"data-role="range-handle-right""#),
+        "range-strip must include a draggable window and two resize handles"
+    );
     assert!(
         !body.contains(r#"data-mode="#),
         "abs/rel mode buttons should not render"

From 05af25fd684ccfd899fc9c370a1b10cc5bc5fb95 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 16:38:42 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 25/26] feat(benchmarks-website): global engine/format filter
 bar
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Add a sticky filter bar at the top of the landing page with rows of
toggle chips for engines (datafusion, duckdb, …) and formats
(vortex-file-compressed, parquet, …). Clicking a chip hides every series
whose engine or format doesn't match across every chart at once. Per-card
legend toggles still work and are tracked as overrides — once you click a
series's legend on a card, the global filter no longer touches that
series on that card.

The chip universe is sourced from a `SELECT DISTINCT` over the fact
tables, so adding a new engine or format in ingest grows the bar with
no code change.

Filter state round-trips through `?engine=…&format=…`. The landing page
reads the params on load, the client `history.replaceState`s on every
chip click, and the permalink pages (`/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}`)
embed the same JSON state so a shared deep link applies the filter on
hydration even though they don't render the bar themselves.

Wire shape: each `ChartResponse` now carries an optional `series_meta`
map keyed by series name with `{engine?, format?}` tags so the client
has the metadata it needs to drive bulk hide/show without parsing
series labels heuristically. Series without an engine tag (compression
times, random access, vector search) are unaffected by the engine
filter, and similarly for the format filter — a "duckdb only" toggle
shouldn't nuke charts that have no engine dimension.

Snapshot tests for the bar markup; smoke tested in a real browser
(playwright + chromium): chip clicks hide the right datasets across
every chart, URL updates, override survives a global re-toggle, and a
refresh restores the filter.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

ui(benchmarks-website): move filter bar into navbar dropdown; toggle chips independently

Drop the standalone filter bar that sat below the header and put the
chips inside a "Filters" dropdown anchored to the sticky navbar, so
adjusting visibility no longer requires scrolling back to the top of
the page. The trigger button shows a small badge counting how many
chips are currently off; the panel opens/closes on click and dismisses
on click-outside or Escape. Permalink pages render the same dropdown
in their navbar (previously they had no UI for it, only honouring URL
state).

Toggle semantics changed to be per-chip independent. Previously the
first chip click in a row pivoted from "all visible" to "only this
one"; now each chip flips just its own active state. The "all" chip is
a one-shot reset that forces every chip in that row back to active —
it never holds an active state itself.

Internal model: `globalFilter.{engines,formats}` now tracks the active
(visible) set rather than an allowlist that's empty when no filter is
applied. The universe is read from the rendered chip DOM so the
client doesn't have to mirror the server enums. The URL stays as an
allowlist (`?engine=duckdb` = "show only duckdb") for stability, and
we omit the param whenever the active set equals the universe so the
no-filter URL is clean.

Override fix: the legend onClick now flips both `dataset.hidden` and
`setDatasetVisibility` so subsequent global filter passes (which write
to `dataset.hidden`) don't drift from the legend's overrides.

cargo test, clippy, fmt clean. Browser smoke (playwright + chromium):
clicking duckdb hides only the duckdb series; "all" restores every
chip; legend override on a card sticks across further chip changes;
click-outside closes the panel; URL updates as expected.

Signed-off-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |  96 +++++-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 217 ++++++++++++-
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 289 +++++++++++++++++-
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    |  90 ++++++
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 .../snapshots/landing_page_filter_bar.snap    |   5 +
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 254 +++++++++++++++
 9 files changed, 937 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page_filter_bar.snap

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index 544adef9968..6fa10d04f48 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -282,6 +282,35 @@ pub struct ChartResponse {
     pub unit: &'static str,
     pub commits: Vec<CommitPoint>,
     pub series: serde_json::Map<String, JsonValue>,
+    /// Per-series engine/format classification, used by the global filter
+    /// bar to hide/show whole engines or formats across every chart at once.
+    /// Keyed by series name; values are populated only for series whose name
+    /// encodes an engine and/or format. Series without a classification (e.g.
+    /// vector-search flavors) are simply absent from this map.
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "BTreeMap::is_empty")]
+    pub series_meta: BTreeMap<String, SeriesTag>,
+}
+
+/// Engine/format tag for one series. Both fields are optional because not
+/// every fact table records both dimensions: `query_measurements` carries
+/// engine + format, while `compression_*` and `random_access_times` only
+/// carry format. Vector-search series have neither and are omitted from the
+/// map entirely.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize)]
+pub struct SeriesTag {
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub engine: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub format: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Universe of engine + format chips the global filter bar can toggle.
+/// Returned as a separate, cheap-to-compute summary so the landing page can
+/// render the bar without iterating every chart payload.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize)]
+pub struct FilterUniverse {
+    pub engines: Vec<String>,
+    pub formats: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
@@ -1067,6 +1096,44 @@ fn geo_mean(values: &[f64]) -> Option<f64> {
     (n > 0).then(|| (sum_ln / n as f64).exp())
 }
 
+/// Collect the set of distinct engines and formats observed across the fact
+/// tables. Used by the landing page to seed the global filter bar's chip
+/// universe, so adding a new engine or format in ingest automatically
+/// surfaces a chip without a code change.
+///
+/// Engines come from `query_measurements` only — the other fact tables don't
+/// record an engine. Formats are unioned across `query_measurements`,
+/// `compression_times`, `compression_sizes`, and `random_access_times`;
+/// `vector_search_runs` is intentionally excluded because its `flavor`
+/// column is not a format in the same sense the chip filter is matching on.
+pub fn collect_filter_universe(conn: &Connection) -> Result<FilterUniverse> {
+    let mut engines: BTreeSet<String> = BTreeSet::new();
+    let mut formats: BTreeSet<String> = BTreeSet::new();
+
+    let mut stmt =
+        conn.prepare("SELECT DISTINCT engine FROM query_measurements WHERE engine IS NOT NULL")?;
+    for row in stmt.query_map([], |r| r.get::<_, String>(0))? {
+        engines.insert(row?);
+    }
+
+    for sql in [
+        "SELECT DISTINCT format FROM query_measurements   WHERE format IS NOT NULL",
+        "SELECT DISTINCT format FROM compression_times    WHERE format IS NOT NULL",
+        "SELECT DISTINCT format FROM compression_sizes    WHERE format IS NOT NULL",
+        "SELECT DISTINCT format FROM random_access_times  WHERE format IS NOT NULL",
+    ] {
+        let mut stmt = conn.prepare(sql)?;
+        for row in stmt.query_map([], |r| r.get::<_, String>(0))? {
+            formats.insert(row?);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(FilterUniverse {
+        engines: engines.into_iter().collect(),
+        formats: formats.into_iter().collect(),
+    })
+}
+
 /// Build the JSON payload for one chart by key. This is the shared
 /// implementation behind `GET /api/chart/{slug}`, the inline `<script>` JSON
 /// rendered into the HTML pages, and `collect_group_charts`.
@@ -1167,6 +1234,7 @@ struct SeriesAccumulator {
     commits: Vec<CommitPoint>,
     commit_index: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, usize>,
     series: std::collections::BTreeMap<String, Vec<Option<f64>>>,
+    tags: BTreeMap<String, SeriesTag>,
 }
 
 impl SeriesAccumulator {
@@ -1175,6 +1243,7 @@ impl SeriesAccumulator {
             commits: Vec::new(),
             commit_index: std::collections::BTreeMap::new(),
             series: std::collections::BTreeMap::new(),
+            tags: BTreeMap::new(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -1205,6 +1274,22 @@ impl SeriesAccumulator {
         entry[commit_idx] = Some(value);
     }
 
+    /// Record an engine/format classification for a series. Repeat calls with
+    /// the same `series_key` are idempotent — every row of a given series
+    /// shares the same engine/format by construction of the SQL.
+    fn tag(&mut self, series_key: &str, engine: Option<&str>, format: Option<&str>) {
+        if engine.is_none() && format.is_none() {
+            return;
+        }
+        let entry = self.tags.entry(series_key.to_string()).or_default();
+        if let Some(e) = engine {
+            entry.engine = Some(e.to_string());
+        }
+        if let Some(f) = format {
+            entry.format = Some(f.to_string());
+        }
+    }
+
     fn finish(self, display_name: String, unit: &'static str) -> ChartResponse {
         let total = self.commits.len();
         let mut series_map = serde_json::Map::new();
@@ -1219,6 +1304,7 @@ impl SeriesAccumulator {
             unit,
             commits: self.commits,
             series: series_map,
+            series_meta: self.tags,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1277,7 +1363,9 @@ fn collect_query_chart(
         any = true;
         let (sha, ts, msg, url, engine, format, value_ns) = row?;
         let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
-        acc.record(&format!("{engine}:{format}"), idx, value_ns as f64);
+        let series_key = format!("{engine}:{format}");
+        acc.record(&series_key, idx, value_ns as f64);
+        acc.tag(&series_key, Some(&engine), Some(&format));
     }
     if !any {
         return Ok(None);
@@ -1340,7 +1428,9 @@ fn collect_compression_time_chart(
         any = true;
         let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, op, value_ns) = row?;
         let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
-        acc.record(&format!("{format}:{op}"), idx, value_ns as f64);
+        let series_key = format!("{format}:{op}");
+        acc.record(&series_key, idx, value_ns as f64);
+        acc.tag(&series_key, None, Some(&format));
     }
     if !any {
         return Ok(None);
@@ -1398,6 +1488,7 @@ fn collect_compression_size_chart(
         let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, value_bytes) = row?;
         let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
         acc.record(&format, idx, value_bytes as f64);
+        acc.tag(&format, None, Some(&format));
     }
     if !any {
         return Ok(None);
@@ -1450,6 +1541,7 @@ fn collect_random_access_chart(
         let (sha, ts, msg, url, format, value_ns) = row?;
         let idx = acc.ensure_commit(&sha, &ts, &msg, &url);
         acc.record(&format, idx, value_ns as f64);
+        acc.tag(&format, None, Some(&format));
     }
     if !any {
         return Ok(None);
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index e638a4f9e9a..d9408e1e901 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
 const VORTEX_BLACK_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
 const VORTEX_WHITE_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
-const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-8";
+const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-10";
 
 /// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
@@ -92,15 +92,24 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
         .route("/vortex_white_nobg.svg", get(serve_vortex_white_svg))
 }
 
-/// Query string for HTML routes. Only `?n=` is consumed server-side, as a
-/// power-user override on the per-chart fetch size. Other v2/legacy params
-/// are accepted but ignored — the per-chart toolbar is the source of truth
-/// for runtime state.
+/// Query string for HTML routes. `?n=` overrides the per-chart fetch size;
+/// `?engine=` and `?format=` carry the global filter bar's selection so a
+/// shared link or refresh preserves which engines/formats are visible. The
+/// per-chart toolbar (Y axis, scope slider) remains local-only — its state
+/// is intentionally not in the URL.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UiQuery {
     /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Defaults to `PER_CHART_FETCH_N`.
     /// Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
     pub n: Option<String>,
+    /// Comma-separated list of engines to keep visible across every chart.
+    /// Empty / unset means no engine filter is active. Unknown engines are
+    /// preserved verbatim so a stale URL still survives a chip-universe
+    /// expansion.
+    pub engine: Option<String>,
+    /// Comma-separated list of formats to keep visible across every chart.
+    /// Same shape as `engine`.
+    pub format: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl UiQuery {
@@ -114,15 +123,49 @@ impl UiQuery {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    /// Parse `?engine=`/`?format=` into a deduplicated, trimmed [`FilterState`].
+    /// Empty entries (e.g. trailing commas) are dropped; an entirely empty
+    /// param means "no filter active" and is encoded as an empty `Vec`.
+    fn filter_state(&self) -> FilterState {
+        FilterState {
+            engines: parse_csv(self.engine.as_deref()),
+            formats: parse_csv(self.format.as_deref()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Parsed filter selection from `?engine=` / `?format=`.
+///
+/// An empty `Vec` means "all chips active" (no filter); a non-empty `Vec`
+/// is the explicit allowlist for that dimension.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, serde::Serialize)]
+pub struct FilterState {
+    pub engines: Vec<String>,
+    pub formats: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+fn parse_csv(raw: Option<&str>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let Some(raw) = raw else { return Vec::new() };
+    let mut seen = std::collections::BTreeSet::new();
+    raw.split(',')
+        .map(str::trim)
+        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
+        .filter(|s| seen.insert(s.to_string()))
+        .map(str::to_string)
+        .collect()
 }
 
 async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Response {
     let window = ui.fetch_window();
-    let groups = match db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
-        collect_landing_groups(conn, &window)
+    let filter = ui.filter_state();
+    let result = db::run_blocking(&state.db, move |conn| {
+        let groups = collect_landing_groups(conn, &window)?;
+        let universe = api::collect_filter_universe(conn)?;
+        Ok::<_, anyhow::Error>((groups, universe))
     })
-    .await
-    {
+    .await;
+    let (groups, universe) = match result {
         Ok(g) => g,
         Err(err) => {
             tracing::error!(error = ?err, "landing: collect_landing_groups failed");
@@ -139,6 +182,8 @@ async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Re
         "Vortex benchmarks (v3 alpha)",
         landing_body(&groups),
         scripts,
+        Some(&universe),
+        &filter,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
@@ -240,11 +285,17 @@ async fn chart_page(
 
     let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", chart.display_name);
     let subtitle = chart.display_name.clone();
+    let filter = ui.filter_state();
+    let universe_result =
+        db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| api::collect_filter_universe(conn)).await;
+    let universe = universe_result.ok();
     render_page(
         &title,
         &subtitle,
         chart_body(&chart, &slug, &payload_json),
         PageScripts::Chart,
+        universe.as_ref(),
+        &filter,
     )
     .into_response()
 }
@@ -276,7 +327,19 @@ async fn group_page(
     };
     let title = format!("{} — bench.vortex.dev", group.name);
     let subtitle = group.name.clone();
-    render_page(&title, &subtitle, group_body(&group), PageScripts::Chart).into_response()
+    let filter = ui.filter_state();
+    let universe_result =
+        db::run_blocking(&state.db, |conn| api::collect_filter_universe(conn)).await;
+    let universe = universe_result.ok();
+    render_page(
+        &title,
+        &subtitle,
+        group_body(&group),
+        PageScripts::Chart,
+        universe.as_ref(),
+        &filter,
+    )
+    .into_response()
 }
 
 /// Which scripts the page wants pulled in.
@@ -287,7 +350,14 @@ enum PageScripts {
     Chart,
 }
 
-fn render_page(title: &str, _header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageScripts) -> Markup {
+fn render_page(
+    title: &str,
+    _header_subtitle: &str,
+    body: Markup,
+    scripts: PageScripts,
+    universe: Option<&api::FilterUniverse>,
+    filter: &FilterState,
+) -> Markup {
     let style_href = versioned_asset("/static/style.css");
     let chart_js_src = versioned_asset("/static/chart.umd.js");
     let chart_zoom_src = versioned_asset("/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
@@ -303,7 +373,8 @@ fn render_page(title: &str, _header_subtitle: &str, body: Markup, scripts: PageS
                 link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
-                (site_header())
+                (filter_state_script(filter))
+                (site_header(universe, filter))
                 main { (body) }
                 @match scripts {
                     PageScripts::Empty => {
@@ -330,9 +401,13 @@ fn theme_bootstrap_script() -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
-fn site_header() -> Markup {
+fn site_header(universe: Option<&api::FilterUniverse>, filter: &FilterState) -> Markup {
     let black_logo = versioned_asset("/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
     let white_logo = versioned_asset("/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
+    let show_filters = universe
+        .map(|u| !u.engines.is_empty() || !u.formats.is_empty())
+        .unwrap_or(false);
+    let active_count = filter.engines.len() + filter.formats.len();
     html! {
         header.sticky-header {
             div.header-content {
@@ -353,6 +428,9 @@ fn site_header() -> Markup {
                             (chevrons_up_icon())
                             span { "Collapse All" }
                         }
+                        @if show_filters {
+                            (filter_dropdown(universe.expect("show_filters guard"), filter, active_count))
+                        }
                     }
                 }
                 div.header-right {
@@ -373,6 +451,14 @@ fn site_header() -> Markup {
     }
 }
 
+fn filter_icon() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        svg.btn-icon viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
+            polygon points="22 3 2 3 10 12.46 10 19 14 21 14 12.46 22 3" {}
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn chevrons_down_icon() -> Markup {
     html! {
         svg.btn-icon viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true" {
@@ -679,6 +765,89 @@ fn format_time_ns(ns: f64) -> String {
     }
 }
 
+/// Filter dropdown rendered inside the sticky header. The trigger button
+/// shows an icon + active-count badge; clicking it opens a panel with two
+/// rows of toggle chips that hide/show series by `engine` or `format`
+/// across every chart on the page.
+///
+/// Chip toggle semantics (driven by `chart-init.js`):
+/// - The chip's active state mirrors the visibility of that engine/format.
+///   With every chip in a row active, no filter is applied for that
+///   dimension. Click any chip to toggle it independently.
+/// - The "all" chip is a one-shot reset: clicking it forces every chip in
+///   that row back to active.
+///
+/// Chip universes are sourced from [`api::collect_filter_universe`] so a new
+/// engine or format showing up in ingest automatically grows the panel;
+/// nothing is hard-coded.
+fn filter_dropdown(
+    universe: &api::FilterUniverse,
+    filter: &FilterState,
+    active_count: usize,
+) -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        div.filter-dropdown data-role="global-filter-bar" {
+            button.control-btn.filter-trigger
+                type="button"
+                data-role="filter-trigger"
+                aria-haspopup="true"
+                aria-expanded="false" {
+                (filter_icon())
+                span { "Filters" }
+                @if active_count > 0 {
+                    span.filter-badge data-role="filter-badge" { (active_count) }
+                }
+            }
+            div.filter-panel data-role="filter-panel" hidden {
+                (filter_row("Engine", "engine", &universe.engines, &filter.engines))
+                (filter_row("Format", "format", &universe.formats, &filter.formats))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Render one row of chips inside the filter panel. `active_list` is empty
+/// when no filter is applied for this dimension — every chip renders active.
+/// When non-empty, only chips whose value is in the list render active.
+fn filter_row(label: &str, dim: &str, universe: &[String], active_list: &[String]) -> Markup {
+    let dim_filtered = !active_list.is_empty();
+    html! {
+        div.global-filter-row {
+            span.global-filter-label { (label) }
+            button.filter-chip.filter-chip--all
+                type="button"
+                data-filter=(dim)
+                data-value="*"
+                aria-pressed="false" {
+                "all"
+            }
+            @for value in universe {
+                @let active = !dim_filtered || active_list.iter().any(|v| v == value);
+                button.filter-chip
+                    type="button"
+                    data-filter=(dim)
+                    data-value=(value)
+                    .filter-chip--active[active]
+                    aria-pressed=(active) {
+                    (value)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Embed the active filter state as a small JSON payload the client picks up
+/// on hydration. Cheaper to read than re-parsing `location.search` and
+/// guarantees the server- and client-side decoders agree.
+fn filter_state_script(filter: &FilterState) -> Markup {
+    let json = serde_json::to_string(filter).unwrap_or_else(|_| "{}".into());
+    html! {
+        script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json" {
+            (PreEscaped(escape_json_for_script(&json)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Render the per-chart toolbar. `idx` namespaces input ids so multiple
 /// charts on the same page don't collide on `<input id="...">`.
 ///
@@ -750,7 +919,7 @@ fn error_page(status: StatusCode, message: &str) -> Response {
                 link rel="stylesheet" href=(style_href);
             }
             body {
-                (site_header())
+                (site_header(None, &FilterState::default()))
                 main {
                     p.empty { (message) }
                 }
@@ -834,10 +1003,30 @@ mod tests {
     fn fetch_window_respects_n_override() {
         let ui = UiQuery {
             n: Some("25".into()),
+            ..Default::default()
         };
         match ui.fetch_window() {
             CommitWindow::Last(n) => assert_eq!(n.get(), 25),
             CommitWindow::All => panic!(),
         }
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn filter_state_parses_csv_and_dedupes() {
+        let ui = UiQuery {
+            engine: Some("duckdb, datafusion ,duckdb".into()),
+            format: Some(",, vortex-file-compressed ,".into()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let f = ui.filter_state();
+        assert_eq!(f.engines, vec!["duckdb", "datafusion"]);
+        assert_eq!(f.formats, vec!["vortex-file-compressed"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn filter_state_default_is_empty() {
+        let f = UiQuery::default().filter_state();
+        assert!(f.engines.is_empty());
+        assert!(f.formats.is_empty());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index 1d2eadaf0b1..e0401a32d39 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -28,6 +28,97 @@
   var FETCH_N = 1000; // matches `PER_CHART_FETCH_N` server-side
   var DEFAULT_VISIBLE = 100; // initial visible window (last 100 of fetched)
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Global filter state (engine/format chips inside the navbar dropdown).
+  //
+  // Model:
+  //   `globalFilter.engines` / `.formats` track the *active* (visible) set
+  //   for that dimension. The chip's displayed active state mirrors
+  //   visibility — every chip active means no filter is applied, exactly
+  //   one chip inactive hides only that engine/format, and so on. The
+  //   URL `?engine=`/`?format=` stay as allowlists for stability across
+  //   refreshes; we omit the param when every chip is active (i.e. the
+  //   active set equals the universe), so the no-filter URL is clean.
+  //
+  // Per-card overrides:
+  //   Clicking a chart's legend toggles `dataset.hidden` and adds the label
+  //   to that card's `canvas.__bench_overrides` set. The global apply pass
+  //   skips overridden labels, so the user's manual call sticks even after
+  //   subsequent global filter changes.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  var globalFilter = readFilterState();
+  var filterUniverse = readFilterUniverseFromDom();
+  // `seedFromUrl` translates the URL state (allowlist) into the active set.
+  // Empty allowlist in the URL is treated as "no filter" → every chip
+  // active. Non-empty is taken verbatim, even if a chip has since been
+  // added or removed from the universe — keeps stale URLs deterministic.
+  seedActiveFromUrlState();
+
+  function readFilterState() {
+    var fallback = { engines: [], formats: [] };
+    var node = document.getElementById("bench-filter-state");
+    if (!node) return fallback;
+    try {
+      var parsed = JSON.parse(node.textContent);
+      return {
+        engines: Array.isArray(parsed.engines) ? parsed.engines.slice() : [],
+        formats: Array.isArray(parsed.formats) ? parsed.formats.slice() : [],
+      };
+    } catch (e) {
+      return fallback;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Pull the chip universe straight from the rendered panel, so the JS
+  // doesn't have to mirror the server's enum. If the dropdown isn't on the
+  // page (shouldn't happen — the header always renders it when there's
+  // data) we fall back to whatever is in the URL state.
+  function readFilterUniverseFromDom() {
+    var u = { engines: [], formats: [] };
+    document.querySelectorAll(
+      '[data-role="filter-panel"] .filter-chip[data-value]:not([data-value="*"])',
+    ).forEach(function (chip) {
+      var dim = chip.getAttribute("data-filter");
+      var value = chip.getAttribute("data-value");
+      if (!dim || !value) return;
+      var bucket = dim === "engine" ? u.engines : u.formats;
+      if (bucket.indexOf(value) === -1) bucket.push(value);
+    });
+    return u;
+  }
+
+  function seedActiveFromUrlState() {
+    if (!globalFilter.engines.length) {
+      globalFilter.engines = filterUniverse.engines.slice();
+    }
+    if (!globalFilter.formats.length) {
+      globalFilter.formats = filterUniverse.formats.slice();
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Any-of-universe-missing-from-active means the dimension is filtered.
+  function dimensionIsFiltered(key) {
+    return globalFilter[key].length < filterUniverse[key].length;
+  }
+
+  // A series is hidden when its engine/format dimension is filtered AND its
+  // tag isn't in the active set. Series without an engine tag (e.g.
+  // compression-time `format:op` series) are unaffected by the engine
+  // filter — symmetric for format. This keeps the chip semantics intuitive:
+  // hiding an engine doesn't nuke charts that have no engine dimension.
+  function seriesPassesFilter(meta) {
+    if (!meta) meta = {};
+    if (meta.engine && dimensionIsFiltered("engines")
+        && globalFilter.engines.indexOf(meta.engine) === -1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (meta.format && dimensionIsFiltered("formats")
+        && globalFilter.formats.indexOf(meta.format) === -1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Palette + helpers
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -254,12 +345,14 @@
 
   function buildDatasets(payload) {
     var raw = payload.series || {};
+    var meta = payload.series_meta || {};
     var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
     var values = names.map(function (name) {
       return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
     });
 
     return names.map(function (name, i) {
+      var seriesMeta = meta[name] || {};
       return {
         label: name,
         data: values[i],
@@ -273,6 +366,10 @@
         pointHoverRadius: 5,
         pointHitRadius: 8,
         pointStyle: "cross",
+        // Custom field (Chart.js ignores unknown keys). Used by the global
+        // filter to decide which datasets to hide/show in bulk.
+        benchMeta: { engine: seriesMeta.engine, format: seriesMeta.format },
+        hidden: !seriesPassesFilter(seriesMeta),
       };
     });
   }
@@ -295,6 +392,10 @@
 
     var state = canvas.__bench_state || { y: "linear", scope: DEFAULT_VISIBLE };
     canvas.__bench_state = state;
+    // Series labels the user has explicitly toggled on this card. Once a
+    // label lands here, the global filter no longer drives that series's
+    // hidden-state on this card — only direct legend clicks do.
+    if (!canvas.__bench_overrides) canvas.__bench_overrides = {};
 
     var labels = (payload.commits || []).map(function (c) { return shortSha(c.sha); });
     var datasets = buildDatasets(payload);
@@ -344,7 +445,26 @@
           },
         },
         plugins: {
-          legend: { position: legendPosition },
+          legend: {
+            position: legendPosition,
+            // Wrap the default toggle so we record the per-card override
+            // and keep `dataset.hidden` in sync with the legend's
+            // `_hiddenInLegend` flag — the global filter pass writes to
+            // `dataset.hidden`, so they need to track each other or
+            // subsequent global changes look stale.
+            onClick: function (e, item, legend) {
+              var ci = legend.chart;
+              var ds = ci.data.datasets[item.datasetIndex];
+              var label = ds && ds.label;
+              if (label && ci.canvas && ci.canvas.__bench_overrides) {
+                ci.canvas.__bench_overrides[label] = true;
+              }
+              var visible = ci.isDatasetVisible(item.datasetIndex);
+              ci.setDatasetVisibility(item.datasetIndex, !visible);
+              if (ds) ds.hidden = visible; // flipped: was visible → now hidden, etc.
+              ci.update();
+            },
+          },
           tooltip: {
             enabled: false,
             external: externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host),
@@ -706,6 +826,172 @@
     setTimeout(function () { if (el.parentNode) el.remove(); }, 4000);
   }
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Global filter bar wiring.
+  //
+  // Chips live in `.global-filter-bar`. Click a non-"all" chip to toggle
+  // that engine/format in/out of the active set; click "all" to clear the
+  // filter for that dimension. After every change we:
+  //   1. Re-paint the chips.
+  //   2. Walk every chart on the page and re-apply the filter (skipping
+  //      series the user has explicitly overridden on that card).
+  //   3. Sync the URL with `history.replaceState` so a refresh / share
+  //      preserves the view.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function applyGlobalFilterToChart(card) {
+    var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
+    var chart = canvas && canvas.__bench_chart;
+    if (!chart) return;
+    var overrides = canvas.__bench_overrides || {};
+    var datasets = chart.data.datasets || [];
+    for (var i = 0; i < datasets.length; i++) {
+      var ds = datasets[i];
+      if (overrides[ds.label]) continue;
+      var hidden = !seriesPassesFilter(ds.benchMeta);
+      // Use the dataset.hidden field directly so the legend stays in sync;
+      // setDatasetVisibility writes into a separate visibility map.
+      ds.hidden = hidden;
+    }
+    chart.update("none");
+  }
+
+  function applyGlobalFilterEverywhere() {
+    document.querySelectorAll(".chart-card[data-chart-index]").forEach(function (card) {
+      applyGlobalFilterToChart(card);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function syncFilterChipsUi() {
+    var bar = document.querySelector('[data-role="global-filter-bar"]');
+    if (!bar) return;
+    bar.querySelectorAll(".filter-chip").forEach(function (chip) {
+      var dim = chip.getAttribute("data-filter");
+      var value = chip.getAttribute("data-value");
+      var key = dim === "engine" ? "engines" : "formats";
+      var list = globalFilter[key];
+      var active;
+      if (value === "*") {
+        // The "all" chip is a one-shot reset, never a "current state"
+        // indicator — leave it inactive. Pressing it forces every other
+        // chip in the row back to active.
+        active = false;
+      } else {
+        active = list.indexOf(value) !== -1;
+      }
+      chip.classList.toggle("filter-chip--active", active);
+      chip.setAttribute("aria-pressed", active ? "true" : "false");
+    });
+    syncFilterBadge();
+  }
+
+  // Show a badge on the trigger that counts how many chips are *off*
+  // (i.e. how many things the global filter is hiding). Hidden when the
+  // filter is fully open, so it's noise-free in the resting state.
+  function syncFilterBadge() {
+    var trigger = document.querySelector('[data-role="filter-trigger"]');
+    if (!trigger) return;
+    var hidden =
+      Math.max(0, filterUniverse.engines.length - globalFilter.engines.length) +
+      Math.max(0, filterUniverse.formats.length - globalFilter.formats.length);
+    var badge = trigger.querySelector('[data-role="filter-badge"]');
+    if (hidden === 0) {
+      if (badge) badge.remove();
+      return;
+    }
+    if (!badge) {
+      badge = document.createElement("span");
+      badge.className = "filter-badge";
+      badge.setAttribute("data-role", "filter-badge");
+      trigger.appendChild(badge);
+    }
+    badge.textContent = String(hidden);
+  }
+
+  function syncFilterUrl() {
+    if (!window.history || !window.history.replaceState) return;
+    var url = new URL(window.location.href);
+    // URL stays as an allowlist (`?engine=duckdb` = "show only duckdb"). We
+    // emit the param only when the active set is a strict subset of the
+    // universe; an all-active row leaves the URL clean.
+    syncDimensionUrl(url, "engine", "engines");
+    syncDimensionUrl(url, "format", "formats");
+    window.history.replaceState(null, "", url.toString());
+  }
+
+  function syncDimensionUrl(url, paramName, key) {
+    if (dimensionIsFiltered(key)) {
+      url.searchParams.set(paramName, globalFilter[key].join(","));
+    } else {
+      url.searchParams.delete(paramName);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Toggle one chip independently. The "all" chip resets the dimension to
+  // every-chip-active; specific chips just flip their own active state.
+  function toggleFilterValue(dim, value) {
+    var key = dim === "engine" ? "engines" : "formats";
+    if (value === "*") {
+      globalFilter[key] = filterUniverse[key].slice();
+      return;
+    }
+    var list = globalFilter[key];
+    var idx = list.indexOf(value);
+    if (idx === -1) {
+      list.push(value);
+    } else {
+      list.splice(idx, 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Toggle the dropdown panel open/closed. Click outside or press Escape
+  // to close. The panel is anchored under the trigger button via CSS.
+  function bindFilterDropdown() {
+    var bar = document.querySelector('[data-role="global-filter-bar"]');
+    if (!bar) return;
+    var trigger = bar.querySelector('[data-role="filter-trigger"]');
+    var panel = bar.querySelector('[data-role="filter-panel"]');
+    if (!trigger || !panel) return;
+
+    function setOpen(open) {
+      if (open) {
+        panel.removeAttribute("hidden");
+      } else {
+        panel.setAttribute("hidden", "");
+      }
+      trigger.setAttribute("aria-expanded", open ? "true" : "false");
+      bar.classList.toggle("filter-dropdown--open", open);
+    }
+    trigger.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      var isOpen = !panel.hasAttribute("hidden");
+      setOpen(!isOpen);
+    });
+    document.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      if (!bar.contains(e.target)) setOpen(false);
+    });
+    document.addEventListener("keydown", function (e) {
+      if (e.key === "Escape") setOpen(false);
+    });
+  }
+
+  function initGlobalFilterBar() {
+    var bar = document.querySelector('[data-role="global-filter-bar"]');
+    if (!bar) return;
+    bar.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
+      var chip = e.target.closest(".filter-chip");
+      if (!chip || !bar.contains(chip)) return;
+      var dim = chip.getAttribute("data-filter");
+      var value = chip.getAttribute("data-value");
+      if (!dim || !value) return;
+      toggleFilterValue(dim, value);
+      syncFilterChipsUi();
+      applyGlobalFilterEverywhere();
+      syncFilterUrl();
+    });
+    bindFilterDropdown();
+    syncFilterChipsUi();
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Header controls
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -816,6 +1102,7 @@
 
   function init() {
     initHeaderControls();
+    initGlobalFilterBar();
     initDetailsToggle();
     initOpenCharts();
   }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index e844ad4e7b4..0d34da9927d 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -484,6 +484,96 @@ main {
   text-align: center;
 }
 
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Global filter dropdown — lives inside the sticky header. The trigger is
+ * a `.control-btn` styled like the expand/collapse buttons; the panel is
+ * absolutely positioned beneath it and shows two rows of `.filter-chip`
+ * buttons that toggle whole engines / formats across every chart at once.
+ *
+ * Toggle semantics (driven by chart-init.js):
+ *   - Each non-"all" chip toggles independently. Active = visible.
+ *   - The "all" chip is a one-shot reset; clicking it forces every chip
+ *     in that row back to active. It never holds an active state itself.
+ *   - Per-chart legend clicks override the global state for that card.
+ * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+.filter-dropdown {
+  position: relative;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+.filter-trigger {
+  position: relative;
+}
+.filter-badge {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  min-width: 1.25rem;
+  height: 1.25rem;
+  padding: 0 0.4rem;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  background: var(--accent);
+  color: var(--accent-fg);
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  line-height: 1;
+}
+.filter-panel {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: calc(100% + 0.5rem);
+  left: 50%;
+  transform: translateX(-50%);
+  z-index: 1100;
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+  min-width: 22rem;
+  max-width: min(90vw, 36rem);
+  padding: 0.75rem 0.85rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  background: var(--card-bg);
+  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
+}
+.filter-panel[hidden] { display: none; }
+.global-filter-row {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.35rem;
+}
+.global-filter-label {
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  min-width: 4rem;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+}
+.filter-chip {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  min-height: 24px;
+  padding: 0.1rem 0.6rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+  font-size: 0.78rem;
+  font-family: inherit;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.filter-chip:hover { border-color: var(--accent); }
+.filter-chip--active {
+  background: var(--accent);
+  border-color: var(--accent);
+  color: var(--accent-fg);
+}
+.filter-chip--all {
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+
 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  * Per-chart toolbar (`.toolbar.toolbar--card`)
  * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index cc7a8f20687..c685aca2a1b 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span 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chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]}}</script></section><noscript><p 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" 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data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index deb003ce2e0..7bdf3a8847f 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 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1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">2 charts</p><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible 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class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button 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data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first 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data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-1" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q2 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index c2619d39dd8..d42416fde8e 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-8"></head><body><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-8" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="2" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart 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aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="4" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="5" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-8" 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" 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1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 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class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]},"series_meta":{"parquet":{"format":"parquet"},"vortex-file-compressed":{"format":"vortex-file-compressed"}}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div 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class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" 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title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page_filter_bar.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page_filter_bar.snap
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a995f8a01f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page_filter_bar.snap
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+expression: filter_bar_section(&body)
+---
+<div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><polygon points="22 3 2 3 10 12.46 10 19 14 21 14 12.46 22 3"></polygon></svg><span>Filters</span></button><div class="filter-panel" data-role="filter-panel" hidden><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Engine</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="datafusion" aria-pressed="true">datafusion</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="duckdb" aria-pressed="true">duckdb</button></div><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Format</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index a014d52156f..a0a95f1ec92 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -898,6 +898,260 @@ async fn empty_landing_page_renders() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Landing page renders the global filter dropdown inside the sticky
+/// header, with chip rows for engine and format sourced from the seeded
+/// data — no hard-coding.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn landing_page_renders_global_filter_bar() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = client.get(server.url("/")).send().await?.text().await?;
+
+    // The dropdown lives inside the sticky header so it stays on-screen
+    // while the user scrolls.
+    let header_chunk = body
+        .split(r#"class="sticky-header""#)
+        .nth(1)
+        .and_then(|s| s.split("</header>").next())
+        .context("sticky header chunk")?;
+    assert!(
+        header_chunk.contains(r#"data-role="global-filter-bar""#),
+        "filter dropdown must live inside the sticky header"
+    );
+    assert!(header_chunk.contains(r#"data-role="filter-trigger""#));
+    assert!(header_chunk.contains(r#"data-role="filter-panel""#));
+    assert!(header_chunk.contains(r#"data-filter="engine""#));
+    assert!(header_chunk.contains(r#"data-filter="format""#));
+    // Engines + formats from the seed fixture must appear as chips.
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-value="datafusion""#));
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-value="duckdb""#));
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-value="vortex-file-compressed""#));
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"data-value="parquet""#));
+    // Both rows have an "all" reset chip.
+    assert!(body.matches(r#"data-value="*""#).count() >= 2);
+    // The "all" chip is now a one-shot reset and is never rendered active —
+    // active chips reflect the visible engine/format set.
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"class="filter-chip filter-chip--all filter-chip--active""#),
+        "the 'all' chip should never start active"
+    );
+    // No filter applied by default → every specific chip is active.
+    let engine_section = filter_section(&body, "engine");
+    for engine in ["datafusion", "duckdb"] {
+        assert!(
+            extract_chip(&engine_section, engine).contains("filter-chip--active"),
+            "engine chip {engine} should be active when no filter is applied"
+        );
+    }
+    // No badge on the trigger when nothing is hidden.
+    assert!(
+        !body.contains(r#"data-role="filter-badge""#),
+        "filter badge should be absent when no chips are off"
+    );
+    // Embedded filter state JSON for the client to pick up.
+    assert!(body.contains(r#"id="bench-filter-state""#));
+
+    insta_settings().bind(|| {
+        insta::assert_snapshot!("landing_page_filter_bar", filter_bar_section(&body));
+    });
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Landing page honours `?engine=`/`?format=` and reflects them as the
+/// active chip set + initial filter-state JSON, so a refresh preserves view.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn landing_page_honours_filter_query_params() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body = client
+        .get(server.url("/?engine=duckdb&format=vortex-file-compressed"))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"{"engines":["duckdb"],"formats":["vortex-file-compressed"]}"#),
+        "filter state JSON should reflect query params"
+    );
+    let engine_section = filter_section(&body, "engine");
+    assert!(
+        engine_section.contains(r#"data-value="duckdb""#)
+            && extract_chip(&engine_section, "duckdb").contains("filter-chip--active"),
+        "duckdb chip should be active"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !extract_chip(&engine_section, "datafusion").contains("filter-chip--active"),
+        "datafusion chip should NOT be active when engine=duckdb"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !extract_chip(&engine_section, "*").contains("filter-chip--active"),
+        "the 'all' chip is a reset, never active"
+    );
+    // Trigger should show a badge counting the off chips (1 engine + 1 format).
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"data-role="filter-badge""#),
+        "trigger should render a badge when chips are filtered off"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Permalink pages render the same filter dropdown in the navbar (so the
+/// user can adjust visibility from any page) and embed the filter-state
+/// JSON so chart-init.js applies the filter on hydration.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn permalink_pages_embed_filter_state() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let chart_slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
+    let group_slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
+
+    let chart_body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{chart_slug}?engine=duckdb&format=parquet")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(
+        chart_body.contains(r#"id="bench-filter-state""#),
+        "chart permalink must embed filter state"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        chart_body.contains(r#"{"engines":["duckdb"],"formats":["parquet"]}"#),
+        "chart permalink must echo the query-param filter state"
+    );
+
+    let group_body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{group_slug}?engine=duckdb")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(
+        group_body.contains(r#"{"engines":["duckdb"],"formats":[]}"#),
+        "group permalink must echo the query-param filter state"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Chart payload exposes per-series engine/format tags so the global filter
+/// has the metadata it needs to drive bulk hide/show.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_payload_includes_series_meta() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed(&server).await?;
+
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+
+    let meta = body["series_meta"]
+        .as_object()
+        .context("series_meta must be present for query measurements")?;
+    let row = meta
+        .get("datafusion:vortex-file-compressed")
+        .context("expected series tag")?;
+    assert_eq!(row["engine"].as_str(), Some("datafusion"));
+    assert_eq!(row["format"].as_str(), Some("vortex-file-compressed"));
+
+    // Compression-time series carry a format tag but no engine.
+    let comp_slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s == "Compression").await?;
+    let comp_body: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{comp_slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let comp_meta = comp_body["series_meta"]
+        .as_object()
+        .context("series_meta must be present for compression times")?;
+    let row = comp_meta
+        .get("vortex-file-compressed:encode")
+        .context("expected encode series tag")?;
+    assert!(row["engine"].is_null() || row.get("engine").is_none());
+    assert_eq!(row["format"].as_str(), Some("vortex-file-compressed"));
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Pull just the `<div class="filter-dropdown" …>…</div>` substring of the
+/// filter dropdown — its trigger button and the chip panel. Keeps the
+/// snapshot focused on the chip markup and stable against changes elsewhere
+/// on the page.
+fn filter_bar_section(body: &str) -> String {
+    let needle = r#"<div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar""#;
+    let Some(start) = body.find(needle) else {
+        return "<missing filter bar>".to_string();
+    };
+    let tail = &body[start..];
+    // The dropdown is `<div ...><button>...</button><div class="filter-panel">...</div></div>`.
+    // We need to find the matching `</div>` for the outer wrapper. The
+    // simplest robust approach is to scan and balance.
+    let bytes = tail.as_bytes();
+    let mut depth = 0usize;
+    let mut i = 0usize;
+    while i < bytes.len() {
+        if bytes[i] == b'<' {
+            if tail[i..].starts_with("<div") {
+                depth += 1;
+                i += 4;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if tail[i..].starts_with("</div>") {
+                depth -= 1;
+                if depth == 0 {
+                    return tail[..i + "</div>".len()].to_string();
+                }
+                i += "</div>".len();
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        i += 1;
+    }
+    tail.to_string()
+}
+
+/// Pull the `<div class="global-filter-row">` containing chips for one
+/// dimension (`"engine"` or `"format"`).
+fn filter_section(body: &str, dim: &str) -> String {
+    let bar = filter_bar_section(body);
+    let needle = format!(r#"data-filter="{dim}""#);
+    let Some(_) = bar.find(&needle) else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+    // Walk back to the enclosing `<div class="global-filter-row">`.
+    let row_open = r#"<div class="global-filter-row">"#;
+    let row_close = "</div>";
+    bar.split(row_open)
+        .find(|chunk| chunk.contains(&needle))
+        .and_then(|chunk| chunk.split(row_close).next())
+        .map(str::to_string)
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+}
+
+/// Pull a single chip's opening tag for assertions.
+fn extract_chip(section: &str, value: &str) -> String {
+    let needle = format!(r#"data-value="{value}""#);
+    let Some(idx) = section.find(&needle) else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+    let head = &section[..idx];
+    let chip_start = head.rfind("<button").unwrap_or(0);
+    let tail = &section[chip_start..];
+    let chip_end = tail.find('>').map(|p| p + 1).unwrap_or(tail.len());
+    tail[..chip_end].to_string()
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn static_assets_are_served() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;

From 7113963e2f096d697dca57428628dd03fac7077e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Connor Tsui <87130162+connortsui20@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 17:04:51 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 26/26] UI refactors of benchmarks v3 (#7723)

## Summary

Fixes the UI of the benchmarks v3 website.

- no longer max of 1000 commits
- LTTB dynamic downsampling on the client side
- a bunch of other stuff

## Testing

More snapshot testing.

---------

Signed-off-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Connor Tsui <connor.tsui20@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>
---
 benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs          |  31 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs         | 105 ++--
 .../server/static/chart-init.js               | 488 +++++++++++++++---
 benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css    |  27 +
 .../tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap     |   2 +-
 .../server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap  |   2 +-
 benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs     | 193 ++++++-
 8 files changed, 713 insertions(+), 137 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
index 6fa10d04f48..42c3ab6c83c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/api.rs
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ use crate::error::ApiError;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
-/// Default cap on the number of commits returned per chart.
+/// Default cap on the number of commits returned per chart when no `?n=` is
+/// supplied. The HTML routes override this with their own per-page defaults
+/// (see [`crate::html`]).
 pub const DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 100;
-/// Hard server-side ceiling on `?n=NNN`.
-pub const MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW: u32 = 1000;
 
 /// Canonical group ordering, ported from the v2 site's hard-coded list at
 /// `origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/index.html`. Group names not in this
@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@ impl Default for CommitWindow {
 impl CommitWindow {
     /// Parse the `?n=...` query string parameter. `None` and malformed values
     /// fall back to [`CommitWindow::default`]. `"all"` (any case) means
-    /// unbounded. Numeric values are clamped to `[1, MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW]`.
+    /// unbounded. Numeric values are floored to `1` so `?n=0` becomes
+    /// `?n=1`; there is no upper bound — large histories are kept as-is.
+    /// Any further reduction in rendered point count happens client-side
+    /// (see `static/chart-init.js` for the LTTB pass on the visible
+    /// commit range).
     pub fn parse(raw: Option<&str>) -> Self {
         let Some(s) = raw else {
             return Self::default();
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ impl CommitWindow {
         trimmed
             .parse::<u32>()
             .ok()
-            .map(|v| v.clamp(1, MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW))
+            .map(|v| v.max(1))
             .and_then(NonZeroU32::new)
             .map(Self::Last)
             .unwrap_or_default()
@@ -276,7 +280,7 @@ pub struct ChartLink {
     pub slug: String,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct ChartResponse {
     pub display_name: String,
     pub unit: &'static str,
@@ -296,7 +300,7 @@ pub struct ChartResponse {
 /// engine + format, while `compression_*` and `random_access_times` only
 /// carry format. Vector-search series have neither and are omitted from the
 /// map entirely.
-#[derive(Debug, Default, Serialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct SeriesTag {
     #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub engine: Option<String>,
@@ -313,7 +317,7 @@ pub struct FilterUniverse {
     pub formats: Vec<String>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub struct CommitPoint {
     pub sha: String,
     pub timestamp: String,
@@ -1644,13 +1648,18 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn commit_window_parse_clamps() {
+    fn commit_window_parse_floors_zero_but_keeps_large_values() {
+        // Large values are kept as-is — full history is no longer clamped
+        // server-side. Visual downsampling happens client-side in
+        // `static/chart-init.js`, on the currently visible commit range.
         let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("99999")) else {
             panic!()
         };
-        assert_eq!(n.get(), MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+        assert_eq!(n.get(), 99_999);
+
+        // 0 floors to 1 since the underlying type is `NonZeroU32`.
         let CommitWindow::Last(n) = CommitWindow::parse(Some("0")) else {
-            panic!("clamp of 0 should round to 1")
+            panic!("floor of 0 should round to 1")
         };
         assert_eq!(n.get(), 1);
     }
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
index d9408e1e901..9eebedc2e07 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/src/html.rs
@@ -4,25 +4,33 @@
 //! HTML routes for the bench.vortex.dev v3 web UI.
 //!
 //! Three pages, all backed by the same per-chart UX:
-//! - `GET /` — landing page. Every group is a collapsible `<details>`. The
-//!   first group is open by default and its charts pre-inline their JSON
-//!   payload for a fast first paint; closed groups carry only the chart-card
-//!   shell and their payloads are fetched on first toggle (`details.open`).
+//! - `GET /` — landing page. Every group is a collapsible `<details>`,
+//!   all collapsed by default; the user picks which to expand. The
+//!   *first* group's chart payloads are still pre-inlined in the HTML
+//!   so opening it skips the JS fetch round-trip; every other group
+//!   ships only chart-card shells and is fetched on first toggle.
 //! - `GET /chart/{slug}` — single chart page; permalink for sharing.
 //! - `GET /group/{slug}` — every chart in one group on a single page.
 //!
 //! Each chart card owns its own compact toolbar (scope slider + Y-axis). There
 //! is no page-level toolbar — every chart is independent. Scope is
-//! **zoom-as-scope**: each chart fetches up to [`api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW`]
-//! commits once, then the toolbar manipulates `chart.options.scales.x.min`/
-//! `max` to set the visible window. No refetches on scope change.
+//! **zoom-as-scope**: each chart fetches a generous window once, then the
+//! toolbar manipulates `chart.options.scales.x.min`/`max` to set the visible
+//! window. No refetches on scope change.
 //!
-//! URL query params (`?n=`) are accepted as power-user overrides on the
-//! initial fetch but are not written back from the toolbar. Per-chart UI
+//! Every HTML route defaults to the unbounded commit window
+//! ([`CommitWindow::All`]) so users can pan/zoom all the way back to the
+//! very first commit. The chart payload is sent **raw** — any visual
+//! downsampling happens client-side in `chart-init.js`, applied only to
+//! the currently visible commit range. The common case (a chart zoomed in
+//! to the last ~100 commits) renders raw with no LTTB at all.
+//!
+//! URL query param `?n=` is accepted as a power-user override on the
+//! initial fetch but is not written back from the toolbar. Per-chart UI
 //! state is intentionally not persisted in the URL — the user feedback
 //! emphasised that this UX should feel local-and-immediate, not "share a
-//! perfect view via URL". Permalinks (`/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}`) are
-//! the sharing mechanism, not query strings.
+//! perfect view via URL". Permalinks (`/chart/{slug}`, `/group/{slug}`)
+//! are the sharing mechanism, not query strings.
 //!
 //! Slugs are opaque strings the server received from `/api/groups`; the
 //! handler echoes them straight into [`crate::slug::ChartKey::from_slug`]
@@ -32,8 +40,6 @@
 //! script) are served from `/static/...` via [`include_bytes!`] so the
 //! binary is fully self-contained.
 
-use std::num::NonZeroU32;
-
 use anyhow::Result;
 use axum::Router;
 use axum::extract::Path;
@@ -62,10 +68,11 @@ use crate::db;
 use crate::slug::ChartKey;
 use crate::slug::GroupKey;
 
-/// How many commits each chart pre-fetches. The toolbar's scope slider zooms
-/// into smaller windows of this slice; we never refetch on scope change.
-/// Capped at the API ceiling so a future bigger ceiling is picked up here too.
-const PER_CHART_FETCH_N: u32 = api::MAX_COMMIT_WINDOW;
+// All HTML routes default to the unbounded commit window. The wire payload
+// is the raw `(commits, series)` data; visual downsampling (LTTB on the
+// currently visible commit range) happens client-side in
+// `static/chart-init.js`. `?n=` remains a power-user override on the
+// commit window itself (not on the rendered point count).
 
 const CHART_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart.umd.js");
 const CHART_ZOOM_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js");
@@ -73,7 +80,7 @@ const CHART_INIT_JS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/chart-init.js");
 const STYLE_CSS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../static/style.css");
 const VORTEX_BLACK_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_black_nobg.svg");
 const VORTEX_WHITE_SVG: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../public/vortex_white_nobg.svg");
-const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-10";
+const STATIC_ASSET_VERSION: &str = "bench-v3-ui-15";
 
 /// HTML routes mounted under `/`.
 pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
@@ -92,15 +99,14 @@ pub fn router() -> Router<AppState> {
         .route("/vortex_white_nobg.svg", get(serve_vortex_white_svg))
 }
 
-/// Query string for HTML routes. `?n=` overrides the per-chart fetch size;
+/// Query string for HTML routes. `?n=` overrides the commit window;
 /// `?engine=` and `?format=` carry the global filter bar's selection so a
 /// shared link or refresh preserves which engines/formats are visible. The
 /// per-chart toolbar (Y axis, scope slider) remains local-only — its state
 /// is intentionally not in the URL.
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Deserialize)]
 pub struct UiQuery {
-    /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Defaults to `PER_CHART_FETCH_N`.
-    /// Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
+    /// Override for the per-chart fetch size. Accepts `25|50|100|250|all`.
     pub n: Option<String>,
     /// Comma-separated list of engines to keep visible across every chart.
     /// Empty / unset means no engine filter is active. Unknown engines are
@@ -113,14 +119,15 @@ pub struct UiQuery {
 }
 
 impl UiQuery {
-    /// Resolve the [`CommitWindow`] for the initial fetch. When `?n=` is
-    /// unset, falls back to [`PER_CHART_FETCH_N`].
+    /// Resolve the [`CommitWindow`] for HTML routes. Defaults to
+    /// [`CommitWindow::All`] so users can pan/zoom all the way back to
+    /// the very first commit on every chart, including the first
+    /// (open-by-default) group on the landing page. Visual downsampling
+    /// happens client-side on the visible commit range only.
     fn fetch_window(&self) -> CommitWindow {
         match self.n.as_deref() {
             Some(_) => CommitWindow::parse(self.n.as_deref()),
-            None => {
-                CommitWindow::Last(NonZeroU32::new(PER_CHART_FETCH_N).expect("non-zero default"))
-            }
+            None => CommitWindow::All,
         }
     }
 
@@ -190,8 +197,9 @@ async fn landing(State(state): State<AppState>, Query(ui): Query<UiQuery>) -> Re
 
 /// One group's worth of data for the landing page.
 ///
-/// The first group (in canonical order) ships with `charts` populated so the
-/// open-by-default `<details>` paints immediately. Subsequent groups ship
+/// The first group (in canonical order) ships with `charts` populated so
+/// the moment the user expands it the chart hydrates from the inline
+/// JSON without a network round-trip. Every other group ships
 /// with `charts` empty and only their chart-card shells — payloads are
 /// fetched client-side on first `details.toggle` to keep the cold landing
 /// HTML small.
@@ -220,8 +228,9 @@ fn collect_landing_groups(conn: &Connection, window: &CommitWindow) -> Result<Ve
     let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(groups.len());
     for (i, group) in groups.into_iter().enumerate() {
         let inlined = if i == 0 {
-            // First (open-by-default) group: pre-fetch every chart so the
-            // first paint is fast and there is no JS round-trip.
+            // First group in canonical order: pre-fetch every chart so
+            // the moment the user expands it the chart hydrates from
+            // the inline JSON without a JS round-trip.
             let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(group.charts.len());
             for link in &group.charts {
                 let key = ChartKey::from_slug(&link.slug)?;
@@ -512,9 +521,9 @@ fn landing_body(groups: &[LandingGroup]) -> Markup {
     // `<script id="chart-data-N">` agree across groups.
     let mut idx_iter = 0usize..total_charts;
     html! {
-        @for (group_idx, group) in groups.iter().enumerate() {
+        @for group in groups.iter() {
             section.group-details data-group-name=(group.name) {
-                details.group-disclosure open[group_idx == 0] {
+                details.group-disclosure {
                     summary.group-summary {
                         span.group-summary-row {
                             span.group-name { (group.name) }
@@ -549,6 +558,7 @@ fn chart_card(link: &api::ChartLink, idx: usize, inlined: Option<&NamedChartResp
         section.chart-card data-chart-index=(idx) data-chart-slug=(link.slug) {
             h3.chart-card-title {
                 a href=(permalink) { (link.name) }
+                (downsample_badge_slot())
             }
             (per_chart_toolbar(idx))
             div.chart-tooltip-host {}
@@ -568,6 +578,18 @@ fn chart_card(link: &api::ChartLink, idx: usize, inlined: Option<&NamedChartResp
     }
 }
 
+/// Empty hidden slot for the LTTB badge. `chart-init.js` flips it on when
+/// the *currently visible* commit range exceeds the LTTB threshold and the
+/// rendered point count is therefore less than the raw point count in that
+/// range.
+fn downsample_badge_slot() -> Markup {
+    html! {
+        span.chart-badge.chart-badge--downsampled
+            data-role="downsample-badge"
+            hidden {}
+    }
+}
+
 fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
     let series_count = chart.series.len();
     let commit_count = chart.commits.len();
@@ -577,6 +599,7 @@ fn chart_body(chart: &ChartResponse, slug: &str, payload_json: &str) -> Markup {
             " · "
             (series_count) " series · "
             (commit_count) " commit" @if commit_count != 1 { "s" }
+            (downsample_badge_slot())
         }
         section.chart-card data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug=(slug) {
             (per_chart_toolbar(0))
@@ -609,6 +632,7 @@ fn group_body(group: &GroupChartsResponse) -> Markup {
                 section.chart-card data-chart-index=(i) data-chart-slug=(item.slug) {
                     h3.chart-card-title {
                         a href=(permalink) { (item.name) }
+                        (downsample_badge_slot())
                     }
                     (per_chart_toolbar(i))
                     div.chart-tooltip-host {}
@@ -859,8 +883,11 @@ fn per_chart_toolbar(idx: usize) -> Markup {
         div.toolbar.toolbar--card aria-label="Chart controls" {
             div.toolbar-group role="group" aria-label="Visible commits" {
                 span.toolbar-label { "Show" }
+                // `max` and `step` are placeholders — `chart-init.js` resets
+                // them after constructing the chart so the slider tracks the
+                // actual loaded commit count, not the initial markup.
                 input id=(slider_id).toolbar-slider type="range"
-                    min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100"
+                    min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100"
                     data-role="scope-slider"
                     aria-label="Custom commit window";
             }
@@ -991,12 +1018,9 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn fetch_window_default_is_max() {
+    fn fetch_window_default_is_all() {
         let ui = UiQuery::default();
-        match ui.fetch_window() {
-            CommitWindow::Last(n) => assert_eq!(n.get(), PER_CHART_FETCH_N),
-            CommitWindow::All => panic!("default should be Last(N)"),
-        }
+        assert!(matches!(ui.fetch_window(), CommitWindow::All));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -1009,6 +1033,11 @@ mod tests {
             CommitWindow::Last(n) => assert_eq!(n.get(), 25),
             CommitWindow::All => panic!(),
         }
+        let ui = UiQuery {
+            n: Some("all".into()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        assert!(matches!(ui.fetch_window(), CommitWindow::All));
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
index e0401a32d39..75e621e4546 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/chart-init.js
@@ -7,14 +7,26 @@
 // Per-chart UX:
 //   - Each `.chart-card` carries `data-chart-slug`. The card *owns* its own
 //     toolbar (`.toolbar--card`) — there is no page-level toolbar.
-//   - Each chart fetches up to 1000 commits once. The toolbar's slider sets
-//     `chart.options.scales.x.min/max` to reveal a window of that fetched
-//     slice; we never refetch on a scope change.
+//   - Each chart fetches the **entire raw history** once (`?n=all`). The
+//     server does no downsampling; we keep the raw payload on the canvas
+//     and re-derive what Chart.js renders on every scope/pan/zoom change.
+//   - `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` is the single source of truth for the
+//     rendered point count. The cap is one constant: at most
+//     `MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS` *unique commit indices* (x-positions) are
+//     rendered, **shared across every series**. Below the cap we render
+//     every commit that has data; above it we LTTB the per-commit
+//     "max-y across series" to pick that many representatives, then
+//     every series renders at those shared indices. This is what the
+//     cap is *supposed* to mean: visually, the chart never has more
+//     than that many x-axis columns regardless of how many lines are
+//     on it. (Earlier per-series LTTB picked different peaks for each
+//     series and the union of x-positions blew past the cap.)
 //   - The slider is throttled to ~16ms (one frame at 60fps) per v2's
 //     `CONFIG.ZOOM_THROTTLE_DELAY` so dragging the slider feels continuous.
 //   - Mouse wheel pans horizontally (chartjs-plugin-zoom does not expose
 //     pan-on-wheel, so a manual `wheel` listener calls `chart.pan(...)`).
-//   - Drag-pan + drag-rectangle-zoom are wired through the plugin.
+//   - Drag-pan + drag-rectangle-zoom are wired through the plugin and
+//     trigger the same `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` via `onPan`/`onZoom`.
 //   - A custom inline plugin draws a vertical crosshair at the hovered
 //     commit; the external tooltip is offset and `pointer-events: none`
 //     to fix the flicker described in the per-chart UX rebuild brief.
@@ -22,11 +34,27 @@
   "use strict";
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Constants — match v2 (`origin/ct/vfvb:benchmarks-website/config.js`).
+  // Constants
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
-  var ZOOM_THROTTLE_MS = 16; // one frame at ~60fps for slider drag
-  var FETCH_N = 1000; // matches `PER_CHART_FETCH_N` server-side
-  var DEFAULT_VISIBLE = 100; // initial visible window (last 100 of fetched)
+  var ZOOM_THROTTLE_MS = 16;     // one frame at ~60fps for slider drag
+  var PAN_THROTTLE_MS = 50;      // pan/zoom throttle — looser than slider
+  var FETCH_N = "all";           // lazy-fetch the entire raw history
+  var DEFAULT_VISIBLE = 100;     // initial visible window (last 100 of fetched)
+  // Hard cap on how many points a single series can render at once. When
+  // the visible commit range has more raw non-null points than this, we
+  // LTTB-downsample to exactly this number; below it we render raw. So
+  // the user always sees at most this many points per series, regardless
+  // of how far they zoom out, and the rule is one sentence:
+  //
+  //   visible <= MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS  → raw
+  //   visible >  MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS  → LTTB to MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS
+  //
+  // Chart cards are ~600–900px on desktop and Chart.js draws ~2px point
+  // markers, so 500 points gives roughly 1.5px of horizontal space per
+  // point — about as dense as the eye can resolve. Bumping higher costs
+  // render time without visible improvement; lowering loses detail on
+  // wide cards.
+  var MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS = 500;
 
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Global filter state (engine/format chips inside the navbar dropdown).
@@ -211,6 +239,55 @@
     };
   }
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // LTTB (Largest-Triangle-Three-Buckets) downsampler.
+  //
+  // Returns the indices into `xs` / `ys` to keep, including index 0 and
+  // `n - 1`. `xs` must be strictly increasing. When `threshold >= n` or
+  // `threshold < 3`, returns `[0, 1, ..., n-1]` unchanged.
+  //
+  // Algorithm: <https://skemman.is/handle/1946/15343>. Per-bucket pick the
+  // point that forms the largest triangle with the previously kept point
+  // and the average of the next bucket.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function lttbIndices(xs, ys, threshold) {
+    var n = xs.length;
+    if (threshold >= n || threshold < 3) {
+      var all = new Array(n);
+      for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) all[i] = i;
+      return all;
+    }
+    var out = new Array(threshold);
+    out[0] = 0;
+    var bucket = (n - 2) / (threshold - 2);
+    var a = 0;
+    for (var bi = 0; bi < threshold - 2; bi++) {
+      // Average of the *next* bucket — the "C" point in the triangle.
+      var nextStart = Math.floor((bi + 1) * bucket) + 1;
+      var nextEnd = Math.min(n, Math.floor((bi + 2) * bucket) + 1);
+      var count = Math.max(1, nextEnd - nextStart);
+      var ax = 0, ay = 0;
+      for (var j = nextStart; j < nextEnd; j++) { ax += xs[j]; ay += ys[j]; }
+      ax /= count; ay /= count;
+
+      // Search this bucket for the point with the largest triangle area
+      // against (a, avg_next).
+      var rangeStart = Math.floor(bi * bucket) + 1;
+      var rangeEnd = Math.floor((bi + 1) * bucket) + 1;
+      var pax = xs[a], pay = ys[a];
+      var maxArea = -1;
+      var maxIdx = rangeStart;
+      for (var k = rangeStart; k < rangeEnd; k++) {
+        var area = Math.abs((pax - ax) * (ys[k] - pay) - (pax - xs[k]) * (ay - pay)) * 0.5;
+        if (area > maxArea) { maxArea = area; maxIdx = k; }
+      }
+      out[bi + 1] = maxIdx;
+      a = maxIdx;
+    }
+    out[threshold - 1] = n - 1;
+    return out;
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Crosshair plugin: draws a vertical line at the chart's active hover
   // index. Using an inline plugin is cheaper than pulling in
@@ -263,38 +340,93 @@
         return;
       }
 
+      var chart = context.chart;
       var payload = canvas.__bench_payload || { commits: [], unit: "" };
-      var idx = tt.dataPoints && tt.dataPoints[0]
-        ? tt.dataPoints[0].dataIndex
-        : -1;
+      var firstDp = tt.dataPoints && tt.dataPoints[0];
+      if (!firstDp) {
+        host.style.opacity = "0";
+        return;
+      }
+      // Snap to a single commit. We use `mode: "nearest"` on the chart
+      // options, so `firstDp.dataIndex` is the single closest data point
+      // to the cursor (skipping nulls in `dataset.data`). If the cursor
+      // falls between two LTTB-kept points, exactly one wins — no more
+      // rendering both columns at once.
+      var idx = firstDp.dataIndex;
       var commit = (payload.commits || [])[idx] || {};
       var unit = payload.unit || "";
-
-      var rows = (tt.dataPoints || []).map(function (dp) {
-        var ds = dp.dataset || {};
+      var rawLen = (chart.data.labels || []).length;
+
+      // Build one row per dataset, reading values from each series'
+      // `rawData` (the unmodified payload) so the tooltip shows raw
+      // measurements even when LTTB has nulled out `dataset.data[idx]`.
+      // Iterating `chart.data.datasets` directly — instead of mapping
+      // `tt.dataPoints` — guarantees one row per series at this single
+      // commit; `tt.dataPoints` could otherwise contain points from
+      // multiple `dataIndex` values when the cursor sits between two
+      // closely-packed LTTB columns.
+      var rowItems = chart.data.datasets.map(function (ds, dsIndex) {
+        // Skip datasets the user (or filter bar) has hidden.
+        var meta = chart.getDatasetMeta && chart.getDatasetMeta(dsIndex);
+        if (meta && meta.hidden) return null;
+        if (ds.hidden) return null;
         var raw = (ds.rawData || [])[idx];
+        if (raw === null || raw === undefined || Number.isNaN(raw)) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        // Per-row delta is `(current - previous) / previous`, where
+        // "previous" is the chronologically preceding commit. The
+        // `commits[]` array is sorted oldest-first by SQL — index 0 is
+        // the oldest commit, the last index is the newest — so the
+        // predecessor lives at `idx - 1`. Walk further back across
+        // null-valued slots so series that didn't run on every commit
+        // still get a meaningful baseline.
         var prevIdx = idx - 1;
         var prevRaw = null;
         while (prevIdx >= 0) {
           var pv = (ds.rawData || [])[prevIdx];
-          if (pv !== null && pv !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(pv)) { prevRaw = pv; break; }
+          if (pv !== null && pv !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(pv)) {
+            prevRaw = pv;
+            break;
+          }
           prevIdx--;
         }
         var deltaHtml = "";
-        if (prevRaw !== null && raw !== null && raw !== undefined && prevRaw !== 0) {
+        if (prevRaw !== null && prevRaw !== 0) {
           var pct = ((raw - prevRaw) / prevRaw) * 100;
           var cls = pct > 0 ? "tt-delta tt-delta--worse"
                   : pct < 0 ? "tt-delta tt-delta--better" : "tt-delta";
           var sign = pct > 0 ? "+" : "";
           deltaHtml = '<span class="' + cls + '">' + sign + pct.toFixed(1) + "%</span>";
         }
-        return '<div class="tt-row">'
-          + '<span class="tt-swatch" style="background:' + ds.borderColor + '"></span>'
-          + '<span class="tt-label">' + escapeHtml(ds.label) + '</span>'
-          + '<span class="tt-value">' + escapeHtml(formatNumber(raw, unit)) + '</span>'
-          + deltaHtml
-          + "</div>";
-      }).join("");
+        return {
+          label: ds.label,
+          color: ds.borderColor,
+          raw: raw,
+          deltaHtml: deltaHtml,
+        };
+      }).filter(Boolean);
+
+      // Top-to-bottom order matches the visual stack of lines at this x.
+      rowItems.sort(function (a, b) { return b.raw - a.raw; });
+
+      var rows = rowItems
+        .map(function (r) {
+          return '<div class="tt-row">'
+            + '<span class="tt-swatch" style="background:' + r.color + '"></span>'
+            + '<span class="tt-label">' + escapeHtml(r.label) + '</span>'
+            + '<span class="tt-value">' + escapeHtml(formatNumber(r.raw, unit)) + '</span>'
+            + r.deltaHtml
+            + "</div>";
+        })
+        .join("");
+
+      // If every series was hidden / had no value at this commit, treat
+      // this as a no-op hover instead of flashing an empty popup.
+      if (!rows) {
+        host.style.opacity = "0";
+        return;
+      }
 
       var titleHtml = '<div class="tt-title">'
         + escapeHtml(shortSha(commit.sha)) + ' · '
@@ -343,20 +475,27 @@
     try { return JSON.parse(s.textContent); } catch (e) { return null; }
   }
 
+  // Build the per-series dataset shells. `data` starts as a full-length
+  // null-padded array; `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` fills it in based on the
+  // current visible range. `rawData` holds a reference to the original
+  // payload so the tooltip can show raw values regardless of LTTB.
   function buildDatasets(payload) {
     var raw = payload.series || {};
     var meta = payload.series_meta || {};
+    var n = (payload.commits || []).length;
     var names = Object.keys(raw).sort();
-    var values = names.map(function (name) {
-      return Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name].slice() : [];
-    });
-
     return names.map(function (name, i) {
       var seriesMeta = meta[name] || {};
+      var rawValues = Array.isArray(raw[name]) ? raw[name] : [];
+      // `data` starts null-padded; `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` fills the
+      // current visible window with raw or LTTB-kept values. Chart.js's
+      // `spanGaps: true` means nulls render as gaps.
+      var data = new Array(n);
+      for (var j = 0; j < n; j++) data[j] = null;
       return {
         label: name,
-        data: values[i],
-        rawData: raw[name],
+        data: data,
+        rawData: rawValues,
         borderColor: colorFor(i),
         backgroundColor: colorFor(i) + "20",
         borderWidth: 1.5,
@@ -374,10 +513,159 @@
     });
   }
 
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // The single source of truth for the rendered point count.
+  //
+  // Walks the visible `[rangeMin, rangeMax]` window of the raw payload and,
+  // for each series, renders raw when the visible count is at or below
+  // `MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS` and LTTB-downsamples to exactly that number when
+  // above. The result is written into `dataset.data` with nulls outside
+  // the kept set so Chart.js renders just the kept points (with
+  // `spanGaps: true`).
+  //
+  // Mutates `dataset.data` in place to avoid GC churn on every pan frame.
+  // Updates the per-card downsample badge as a side effect.
+  // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+  function rebuildVisibleAndUpdate(card, chart, rangeMin, rangeMax) {
+    var canvas = chart.canvas;
+    var payload = canvas.__bench_payload;
+    if (!payload) return;
+    var datasets = chart.data.datasets;
+    var n = (payload.commits || []).length;
+    if (n === 0) return;
+
+    var min = Math.max(0, Math.floor(rangeMin));
+    var max = Math.min(n - 1, Math.ceil(rangeMax));
+    if (max < min) max = min;
+
+    // Build one "virtual series" for LTTB: walk every commit index in the
+    // visible range and, for each index, take the max non-null value
+    // across all datasets. This is the union of x-positions, with a
+    // representative y per position. Series in a Vortex chart share both
+    // unit and overall scale (they're the same benchmark with different
+    // engines/formats), so max-across-series picks visually salient peaks
+    // without per-series scale skew.
+    //
+    // This becomes our LTTB input: we then pick AT MOST MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS
+    // commit indices and every dataset renders only at those shared
+    // indices. Without this, per-series LTTB picked different peaks for
+    // each series and the union of x-positions grew with the series
+    // count — visually you saw way more than MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS dots
+    // even though each line only had MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS.
+    var unionIdxs = [];
+    var unionVals = [];
+    for (var i = min; i <= max; i++) {
+      var bestY = null;
+      for (var di = 0; di < datasets.length; di++) {
+        var rawValues = datasets[di].rawData;
+        if (!Array.isArray(rawValues)) continue;
+        var v = rawValues[i];
+        if (v !== null && v !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(v)
+            && (bestY === null || v > bestY)) {
+          bestY = v;
+        }
+      }
+      if (bestY !== null) {
+        unionIdxs.push(i);
+        unionVals.push(bestY);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Decide which commit indices to render — shared across all series.
+    var keptSet = {};
+    var anyDownsampled = false;
+    if (unionIdxs.length <= MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS) {
+      // Below the cap: render every commit that has data anywhere.
+      for (var u = 0; u < unionIdxs.length; u++) keptSet[unionIdxs[u]] = true;
+    } else {
+      // Above the cap: LTTB the union down to MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS exactly.
+      // The selected indices are then *shared* across every dataset; that
+      // is the cap's only correct interpretation of "max points on the
+      // chart at a time".
+      var localIndices = lttbIndices(unionIdxs, unionVals, MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS);
+      for (var li = 0; li < localIndices.length; li++) {
+        keptSet[unionIdxs[localIndices[li]]] = true;
+      }
+      anyDownsampled = true;
+    }
+
+    // Plant the shared kept set into every dataset.data. Series that have
+    // no value at a kept index simply remain null there — `spanGaps: true`
+    // lets the line connect across.
+    for (var dj = 0; dj < datasets.length; dj++) {
+      var ds = datasets[dj];
+      var dsRaw = ds.rawData;
+      if (!Array.isArray(dsRaw)) continue;
+      var data = ds.data;
+      if (!Array.isArray(data) || data.length !== n) {
+        data = new Array(n);
+        ds.data = data;
+      }
+      for (var z = 0; z < n; z++) data[z] = null;
+      for (var idxStr in keptSet) {
+        var idx = +idxStr;
+        var val = dsRaw[idx];
+        if (val !== null && val !== undefined && !Number.isNaN(val)) {
+          data[idx] = val;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    var visibleCommits = max - min + 1;
+    var keptCommits = 0;
+    for (var _u in keptSet) keptCommits++;
+    chart.update("none");
+    syncSliderFromRange(card, visibleCommits);
+    syncDownsampleBadge(card, keptCommits, visibleCommits, anyDownsampled);
+  }
+
+  // Mirror the chart's current visible commit count onto the toolbar
+  // slider. Called from `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` so every path that
+  // changes the visible range — toolbar slider drag, drag-pan,
+  // drag-rectangle-zoom, wheel-pan, range-strip drag — keeps the
+  // slider in sync. Programmatic value writes do not fire the slider's
+  // `input` event, so this never re-enters `applyScope`.
+  function syncSliderFromRange(card, visibleCommits) {
+    var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
+    if (!slider) return;
+    var lo = parseInt(slider.min, 10) || 1;
+    var hi = parseInt(slider.max, 10) || visibleCommits;
+    slider.value = String(Math.max(lo, Math.min(hi, visibleCommits)));
+  }
+
+  // Show the badge when at least one series in the visible range was
+  // downsampled. The numbers are commit counts: how many distinct
+  // commits the chart is rendering, and how many are in the visible
+  // range. Both come from the slider's mental model so "300 / 3000" in
+  // the badge matches "showing the last 3000" on the slider.
+  function syncDownsampleBadge(card, keptCommits, visibleCommits, anyDownsampled) {
+    var badge = card.querySelector('[data-role="downsample-badge"]');
+    if (!badge) return;
+    if (!anyDownsampled || keptCommits >= visibleCommits) {
+      badge.setAttribute("hidden", "");
+      badge.textContent = "";
+      return;
+    }
+    badge.removeAttribute("hidden");
+    badge.textContent = "downsampled · " + keptCommits + " / " + visibleCommits;
+    badge.setAttribute(
+      "title",
+      "Showing " + keptCommits + " of " + visibleCommits
+        + " commits in view. Each series renders at most "
+        + MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS + " points at a time; when more are in "
+        + "view, we apply LTTB (Largest Triangle, Three Buckets), an "
+        + "algorithm that picks representative points by maximising "
+        + "the area of triangles formed with neighbouring buckets. "
+        + "Visual peaks and valleys are preserved while the chart "
+        + "stays responsive. Zoom in past " + MAX_VISIBLE_POINTS
+        + " visible commits to see every raw measurement."
+    );
+  }
+
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   // Per-card construction. State lives on the canvas:
   //   canvas.__bench_chart   — Chart.js instance
-  //   canvas.__bench_payload — last-fetched ChartResponse
+  //   canvas.__bench_payload — last-fetched ChartResponse (raw)
   //   canvas.__bench_state   — { y, scope } (per-chart toolbar state)
   // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   function constructChart(card) {
@@ -404,6 +692,18 @@
     var legendPosition = (window.matchMedia
       && window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches) ? "top" : "bottom";
 
+    // Throttled rebuild for pan/zoom. Both axes mutate scales.x.min/max
+    // continuously during interaction, so we re-derive the rendered
+    // points on every frame (capped to PAN_THROTTLE_MS) and refresh the
+    // range strip to match. Single throttle so LTTB and the strip never
+    // diverge.
+    var throttledRebuild = throttle(function (chart) {
+      var sx = chart.scales && chart.scales.x;
+      if (!sx) return;
+      rebuildVisibleAndUpdate(card, chart, sx.min, sx.max);
+      if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
+    }, PAN_THROTTLE_MS);
+
     var chart = new Chart(canvas, {
       type: "line",
       data: { labels: labels, datasets: datasets },
@@ -412,19 +712,29 @@
         responsive: true,
         maintainAspectRatio: false,
         animation: false,
-        // Snap-to-x-index, no vertical-intersection requirement: a stable
-        // hover anywhere over the chart, with the crosshair plugin painting
-        // the column. Combined with `pointer-events: none` on the tooltip
-        // host, this is the flicker fix.
-        interaction: { mode: "index", intersect: false, axis: "x" },
+        // Snap to the single nearest commit *that has rendered data*.
+        // After LTTB downsampling most commit indices are null in
+        // `dataset.data` (`spanGaps: true` draws across them);
+        // `mode: "index"` would happily pick one of those null indices
+        // and produce an empty tooltip, while `mode: "x"` would pick
+        // multiple closely-packed LTTB columns at once and the
+        // tooltip would render duplicate rows for the same series at
+        // different commits. `mode: "nearest"` returns exactly one
+        // closest data point — its `dataIndex` is then used by the
+        // external handler as the single hovered commit, and the
+        // handler iterates `chart.data.datasets` itself to build one
+        // row per series. `intersect: false` keeps it active anywhere
+        // on the chart and, combined with `pointer-events: none` on
+        // the tooltip host, is also the flicker fix.
+        interaction: { mode: "nearest", intersect: false, axis: "x" },
         onClick: function (event, _activeElements, chart) {
           var points = chart.getElementsAtEventForMode(
             event, "nearest", { intersect: false, axis: "x" }, true,
           );
           if (!points.length) return;
-          var idx = points[0].index;
+          var pIdx = points[0].index;
           var commits = (canvas.__bench_payload || {}).commits || [];
-          var commit = commits[idx];
+          var commit = commits[pIdx];
           if (!commit) return;
           var pr = parsePrNumber(commit.message);
           var url = pr
@@ -442,6 +752,10 @@
             min: range.min,
             max: range.max,
             title: { display: false },
+            // With a 5000-commit history rendering one tick per commit
+            // is unreadable anyway. Cap it; Chart.js will pick a sensible
+            // subset of label indices to draw.
+            ticks: { maxTicksLimit: 12, autoSkip: true },
           },
         },
         plugins: {
@@ -468,13 +782,10 @@
           tooltip: {
             enabled: false,
             external: externalTooltipHandler(canvas, host),
-            // Order rows top-to-bottom by current y-value descending so the
-            // tooltip matches the visual stack of the lines at the hovered x.
-            itemSort: function (a, b) {
-              var av = a.parsed && Number.isFinite(a.parsed.y) ? a.parsed.y : -Infinity;
-              var bv = b.parsed && Number.isFinite(b.parsed.y) ? b.parsed.y : -Infinity;
-              return bv - av;
-            },
+            // Row ordering is handled inside the external handler now —
+            // we iterate `chart.data.datasets` ourselves rather than the
+            // tooltip's `dataPoints`, so `itemSort` here would be dead
+            // code.
           },
           // chartjs-plugin-zoom config — wheel-zoom is disabled because we
           // want wheel-pan instead (handled by the canvas wheel listener
@@ -487,11 +798,13 @@
                 backgroundColor: "rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.10)",
               },
               mode: "x",
+              onZoom: function (ctx) { throttledRebuild(ctx.chart); },
             },
             pan: {
               enabled: true,
               mode: "x",
               modifierKey: null,
+              onPan: function (ctx) { throttledRebuild(ctx.chart); },
             },
             limits: {
               x: { min: 0, max: Math.max(0, labels.length - 1), minRange: 4 },
@@ -502,8 +815,15 @@
     });
 
     canvas.__bench_chart = chart;
-    attachWheelPan(canvas, chart);
+    canvas.__bench_rebuild = throttledRebuild;
+    attachWheelPan(canvas, chart, throttledRebuild);
+    syncSliderBounds(card, labels.length);
+    // Initial render: the chart is constructed with empty (null) data;
+    // populate it for the initial visible window. Strip is bound after the
+    // rebuild so its first paint reflects the same range Chart.js shows.
+    rebuildVisibleAndUpdate(card, chart, range.min, range.max);
     bindRangeStrip(card, chart);
+    if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
     return chart;
   }
 
@@ -572,16 +892,12 @@
       if (canvas && canvas.__bench_state) {
         canvas.__bench_state.scope = Math.round(newMax - newMin + 1);
       }
-      chart.update("none");
-      // Mirror the new scope onto the slider for visual consistency. The
-      // slider's min/max keep the value clamped.
-      var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
-      if (slider) {
-        var v = Math.round(newMax - newMin + 1);
-        var lo = parseInt(slider.min, 10) || 1;
-        var hi = parseInt(slider.max, 10) || n;
-        slider.value = Math.max(lo, Math.min(hi, v));
-      }
+      // Re-derive what Chart.js renders against the new visible window.
+      // `rebuildVisibleAndUpdate` calls `chart.update("none")`, applies
+      // LTTB, and mirrors the new scope onto the toolbar slider, so the
+      // strip-driven pan/resize stays in lockstep with both the data
+      // density and the slider readout.
+      rebuildVisibleAndUpdate(card, chart, newMin, newMax);
       render();
     }
 
@@ -656,29 +972,39 @@
     strip.addEventListener("pointerup", onPointerUp);
     strip.addEventListener("pointercancel", onPointerUp);
 
-    // Bidirectional: chart -> strip. The zoom plugin fires `onPan`/`onZoom`
-    // during user gestures (drag-pan, drag-rect-zoom). Hook those to refresh.
-    // Programmatic state changes (toolbar slider, wheel-pan) re-render the
-    // strip explicitly via `canvas.__bench_strip_render`.
-    var zoomOpts = chart.options.plugins && chart.options.plugins.zoom;
-    if (zoomOpts) {
-      if (zoomOpts.zoom) {
-        zoomOpts.zoom.onZoom = function () { render(); };
-        zoomOpts.zoom.onZoomComplete = function () { render(); };
-      }
-      if (zoomOpts.pan) {
-        zoomOpts.pan.onPan = function () { render(); };
-        zoomOpts.pan.onPanComplete = function () { render(); };
-      }
-    }
+    // Expose the strip's render function so other code paths (toolbar
+    // slider, wheel-pan, the throttled LTTB rebuild) can keep the strip
+    // in lockstep without each having to know strip internals. The chart
+    // options' `onPan` / `onZoom` callbacks call this via the throttled
+    // rebuild rather than overriding them here, so LTTB and the strip
+    // refresh as one unit.
     canvas.__bench_strip_render = render;
     render();
   }
 
+  // Cap the toolbar slider's `max` to the loaded commit count. Without this,
+  // a chart with (say) 50 points would still let the user drag the slider to
+  // some larger value, with no visible effect past 50.
+  function syncSliderBounds(card, commitCount) {
+    var slider = card.querySelector('[data-role="scope-slider"]');
+    if (!slider) return;
+    var max = Math.max(5, commitCount);
+    slider.max = String(max);
+    // Pick a step that gives ~200 stops across the slider so dragging
+    // feels continuous regardless of history size.
+    var step = Math.max(1, Math.round(max / 200));
+    slider.step = String(step);
+    var current = parseInt(slider.value, 10);
+    if (!Number.isFinite(current) || current > max) {
+      slider.value = String(Math.min(DEFAULT_VISIBLE, max));
+    }
+  }
+
   // Wheel = horizontal pan. Chart.js zoom plugin doesn't support wheel-pan
   // out of the box (wheel is always zoom in its config), so we attach a
-  // `wheel` listener that translates `deltaY`/`deltaX` into `chart.pan`.
-  function attachWheelPan(canvas, chart) {
+  // `wheel` listener that translates `deltaY`/`deltaX` into `chart.pan` and
+  // re-runs the rebuild after panning.
+  function attachWheelPan(canvas, chart, rebuild) {
     if (canvas.__bench_wheel_attached) return;
     canvas.__bench_wheel_attached = true;
     canvas.addEventListener("wheel", function (e) {
@@ -692,7 +1018,9 @@
       // positive x moves the visible window toward older commits, while
       // negative x moves back toward newer commits.
       chart.pan({ x: dx * 0.5 }, undefined, "none");
-      if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
+      // `rebuild` recomputes LTTB on the new visible range AND, via the
+      // throttled wrapper, also calls `canvas.__bench_strip_render`.
+      rebuild(chart);
     }, { passive: false });
   }
 
@@ -718,7 +1046,7 @@
     var range = visibleRange(commits, scope);
     chart.options.scales.x.min = range.min;
     chart.options.scales.x.max = range.max;
-    chart.update("none");
+    rebuildVisibleAndUpdate(card, chart, range.min, range.max);
     syncToolbarUi(card, "scope", String(scopeValue));
     if (canvas.__bench_strip_render) canvas.__bench_strip_render();
   }
@@ -775,15 +1103,21 @@
     var canvas = card.querySelector("canvas");
     if (!canvas) return Promise.resolve();
     if (canvas.__bench_chart) return Promise.resolve();
-    if (canvas.__bench_payload) {
-      constructChart(card);
+    // `constructChart` reads inline JSON (`<script id="chart-data-N">`)
+    // when there's no payload on the canvas yet. The first group's
+    // payloads are inlined server-side regardless of whether the
+    // group is open by default, so try a synchronous construct before
+    // hitting the network.
+    if (constructChart(card)) {
       bindToolbar(card);
       return Promise.resolve();
     }
     var slug = card.getAttribute("data-chart-slug");
     if (!slug) return Promise.resolve();
     showCardLoading(card, true);
-    return fetch("/api/chart/" + encodeURIComponent(slug) + "?n=" + FETCH_N, {
+    var url = "/api/chart/" + encodeURIComponent(slug)
+      + "?n=" + encodeURIComponent(FETCH_N);
+    return fetch(url, {
       headers: { "accept": "application/json" },
     })
       .then(function (r) {
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
index 0d34da9927d..0baf93f8284 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/static/style.css
@@ -662,10 +662,37 @@ main {
   margin: 0 0 0.4rem;
   font-size: 0.95rem;
   font-weight: 600;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
 }
 .chart-card-title a { color: var(--fg); }
 .chart-card-title a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
 
+/* Downsampled-payload badge. Rendered both server-side (when the inline
+ * payload was downsampled) and client-side (after the lazy fetch
+ * completes). The `hidden` attribute hides it when no downsampling
+ * occurred; JS toggles it via `removeAttribute("hidden")`. */
+.chart-badge {
+  font-size: 0.7rem;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
+  padding: 0.1rem 0.45rem;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  background: var(--code-bg);
+  color: var(--muted);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  cursor: help;
+}
+.chart-badge[hidden] { display: none; }
+.chart-badge--downsampled {
+  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 12%, transparent);
+  color: var(--accent);
+  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 35%, transparent);
+}
+
 .chart-grid {
   width: 100%;
   max-width: none;
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
index c685aca2a1b..ead5b87681c 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/chart_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><polygon points="22 3 2 3 10 12.46 10 19 14 21 14 12.46 22 3"></polygon></svg><span>Filters</span></button><div class="filter-panel" data-role="filter-panel" hidden><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Engine</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="datafusion" aria-pressed="true">datafusion</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="duckdb" aria-pressed="true">duckdb</button></div><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Format</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits</p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]},"series_meta":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":{"engine":"datafusion","format":"vortex-file-compressed"},"duckdb:parquet":{"engine":"duckdb","format":"parquet"}}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme] — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-15"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><polygon points="22 3 2 3 10 12.46 10 19 14 21 14 12.46 22 3"></polygon></svg><span>Filters</span></button><div class="filter-panel" data-role="filter-panel" hidden><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Engine</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="datafusion" aria-pressed="true">datafusion</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="duckdb" aria-pressed="true">duckdb</button></div><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Format</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><p class="chart-meta">unit: <code>ns</code> · 2 series · 3 commits<span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></p><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":[1000000.0,1050000.0,1100000.0],"duckdb:parquet":[800000.0,850000.0,900000.0]},"series_meta":{"datafusion:vortex-file-compressed":{"engine":"datafusion","format":"vortex-file-compressed"},"duckdb:parquet":{"engine":"duckdb","format":"parquet"}}}</script></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the chart.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-15" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-15" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-15" defer></script></body></html>
diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
index 7bdf3a8847f..9e4a3d2f5bc 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/group_page_query.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><polygon points="22 3 2 3 10 12.46 10 19 14 21 14 12.46 22 3"></polygon></svg><span>Filters</span></button><div class="filter-panel" data-role="filter-panel" hidden><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Engine</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="datafusion" aria-pressed="true">datafusion</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="engine" data-value="duckdb" aria-pressed="true">duckdb</button></div><div class="global-filter-row"><span class="global-filter-label">Format</span><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--all" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="*" aria-pressed="false">all</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" 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data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" 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+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1) — bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-15"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button 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3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" 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better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"tpch sf=1 Q1 [nvme]","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 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data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
index d42416fde8e..8c5a360d8d5 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/snapshots/landing_page.snap
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 source: benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
 expression: body
 ---
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-10"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-10" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" 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data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 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0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure" open><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]},"series_meta":{"parquet":{"format":"parquet"},"vortex-file-compressed":{"format":"vortex-file-compressed"}}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="2" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="3" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="4" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjJ9">Q2</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-4" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="4"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="4" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" type="range" min="5" max="1000" step="5" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="5"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="5" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><noscript><p class="no-script">JavaScript is required to render the charts.</p></noscript></main><script src="/static/chart.umd.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script><script src="/static/chartjs-plugin-zoom.umd.min.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script><script src="/static/chart-init.js?v=bench-v3-ui-10" defer></script></body></html>
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>bench.vortex.dev</title><script>(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("bench-theme");if(t==="light"||t==="dark"){document.documentElement.dataset.theme=t;}}catch(e){}})();</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css?v=bench-v3-ui-15"></head><body><script id="bench-filter-state" type="application/json">{"engines":[],"formats":[]}</script><header class="sticky-header"><div class="header-content"><div class="header-left"><a class="logo-link" href="/" aria-label="bench.vortex.dev home"><img class="site-logo logo-light" src="/vortex_black_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"><img class="site-logo logo-dark" src="/vortex_white_nobg.svg?v=bench-v3-ui-15" alt="Vortex"></a><h1 class="site-title">Vortex Benchmarks</h1></div><div class="header-center"><div class="nav-controls" aria-label="Benchmark group controls"><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="expand-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7 6 5 5 5-5"></path><path d="m7 13 5 5 5-5"></path></svg><span>Expand All</span></button><button class="control-btn" type="button" data-action="collapse-all"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m17 18-5-5-5 5"></path><path d="m17 11-5-5-5 5"></path></svg><span>Collapse All</span></button><div class="filter-dropdown" data-role="global-filter-bar"><button class="control-btn filter-trigger" type="button" data-role="filter-trigger" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><svg class="btn-icon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" 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data-value="parquet" aria-pressed="true">parquet</button><button class="filter-chip filter-chip--active" type="button" data-filter="format" data-value="vortex-file-compressed" aria-pressed="true">vortex-file-compressed</button></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header-right"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="github-logo" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg><span>GitHub</span></a><button class="control-btn theme-toggle" type="button" data-role="theme-toggle" data-next-theme="light" aria-label="Toggle color theme"><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-light" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="4"></circle><path d="M12 2v2"></path><path d="M12 20v2"></path><path d="m4.93 4.93 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m17.66 17.66 1.41 1.41"></path><path d="M2 12h2"></path><path d="M20 12h2"></path><path d="m6.34 17.66-1.41 1.41"></path><path d="m19.07 4.93-1.41 1.41"></path></svg><svg class="btn-icon theme-icon theme-icon-dark" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16" height="16" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M20.99 12.79A9 9 0 1 1 11.21 3 7 7 0 0 0 20.99 12.79z"></path></svg><span class="theme-toggle-label">Light</span></button></div></div></header><main><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Random Access"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Random Access</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Random Access Performance"><h3 class="scores-title">Random Access Performance</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="vortex-file-compressed">vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">100.50 us</span><span class="score-runtime">1.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="parquet">parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">201.00 us</span><span class="score-runtime">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Random access time | Ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="0" data-chart-slug="rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/rat.eyJrIjoiUmFuZG9tQWNjZXNzIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRheGkifQ">taxi</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-0" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="0"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="0" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div><script id="chart-data-0" type="application/json">{"display_name":"taxi","unit":"ns","commits":[{"sha":"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111","timestamp":"2026-04-23 12:00:00+00","message":"first commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111"},{"sha":"2222222222222222222222222222222222222222","timestamp":"2026-04-24 12:00:00+00","message":"second commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/2222222222222222222222222222222222222222"},{"sha":"3333333333333333333333333333333333333333","timestamp":"2026-04-25 12:00:00+00","message":"third commit","url":"https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/3333333333333333333333333333333333333333"}],"series":{"parquet":[1000.0,101000.0,201000.0],"vortex-file-compressed":[500.0,50500.0,100500.0]},"series_meta":{"parquet":{"format":"parquet"},"vortex-file-compressed":{"format":"vortex-file-compressed"}}}</script></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Throughput vs Parquet"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Throughput vs Parquet</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⚡</span><span class="score-series">Write Speed (Compression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📤</span><span class="score-series">Scan Speed (Decompression)</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">2.00x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Inverse geomean of Vortex/Parquet ratios (higher is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="1" data-chart-slug="ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/ct.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25UaW1lIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-1" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="1"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="1" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="Compression Size"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">Compression Size</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Compression Size Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Compression Size Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬇️</span><span class="score-series">Min Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">📊</span><span class="score-series">Mean Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">⬆️</span><span class="score-series">Max Size Ratio</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">0.50x</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of Vortex/Parquet size ratios (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="2" data-chart-slug="cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/cs.eyJrIjoiQ29tcHJlc3Npb25TaXplIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6InRwY2gtbGluZWl0ZW0iLCJkYXRhc2V0X3ZhcmlhbnQiOm51bGx9">tpch-lineitem</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-2" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="2"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="2" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--right" data-role="range-handle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></div></div></div></section></div></section><section class="group-details" data-group-name="TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">TPC-H (NVMe) (SF=1)</span><span class="group-count">2 charts</span></span></summary></details><section class="benchmark-scores-summary" aria-label="Performance Summary"><h3 class="scores-title">Performance Summary</h3><div class="scores-list"><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#1</span><span class="score-series" title="datafusion:vortex-file-compressed">datafusion:vortex-file-compressed</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.11x</span><span class="score-runtime">1.80 ms</span></span></div><div class="score-item"><span class="score-rank">#2</span><span class="score-series" title="duckdb:parquet">duckdb:parquet</span><span class="score-metrics"><span class="score-value">1.60x</span><span class="score-runtime">900.00 us</span></span></div></div><div class="scores-explanation">Geomean of query time ratio to fastest (lower is better)</div></section><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="3" data-chart-slug="qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/qm.eyJrIjoiUXVlcnlNZWFzdXJlbWVudCIsImRhdGFzZXQiOiJ0cGNoIiwiZGF0YXNldF92YXJpYW50IjpudWxsLCJzY2FsZV9mYWN0b3IiOiIxIiwic3RvcmFnZSI6Im52bWUiLCJxdWVyeV9pZHgiOjF9">Q1</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-3" type="range" min="5" max="100" step="1" value="100" data-role="scope-slider" aria-label="Custom commit window"></div><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Y-axis scale"><span class="toolbar-label">Y</span><button class="toolbar-btn toolbar-btn--active" type="button" data-y="linear">linear</button><button class="toolbar-btn" type="button" data-y="log">log</button></div></div><div class="chart-tooltip-host"></div><div class="chart-wrap"><canvas data-chart-index="3"></canvas></div><div class="chart-range-strip" data-chart-index="3" data-role="range-strip" aria-label="Visible commit range" role="slider"><div class="chart-range-strip-track"><div class="chart-range-strip-window" data-role="range-window"><span class="chart-range-strip-handle chart-range-strip-handle--left" data-role="range-handle-left" 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data-group-name="cohere-large-10m / partitioned"><details class="group-disclosure"><summary class="group-summary"><span class="group-summary-row"><span class="group-name">cohere-large-10m / partitioned</span><span class="group-count">1 chart</span></span></summary></details><div class="chart-grid"><section class="chart-card" data-chart-index="5" data-chart-slug="vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0"><h3 class="chart-card-title"><a href="/chart/vsr.eyJrIjoiVmVjdG9yU2VhcmNoIiwiZGF0YXNldCI6ImNvaGVyZS1sYXJnZS0xMG0iLCJsYXlvdXQiOiJwYXJ0aXRpb25lZCIsInRocmVzaG9sZCI6MC43NX0">threshold=0.75</a><span class="chart-badge chart-badge--downsampled" data-role="downsample-badge" hidden></span></h3><div class="toolbar toolbar--card" aria-label="Chart controls"><div class="toolbar-group" role="group" aria-label="Visible commits"><span class="toolbar-label">Show</span><input class="toolbar-slider" id="scope-slider-5" 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diff --git a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
index a0a95f1ec92..e09249ef950 100644
--- a/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
+++ b/benchmarks-website/server/tests/web_ui.rs
@@ -240,6 +240,90 @@ async fn seed(server: &Server) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Slim ingest envelope carrying just a `random_access_time` pair so we can
+/// drive a long-history fixture cheaply (the full envelope is ~12 records;
+/// this is two). Used by the downsample tests.
+fn ra_envelope_for(sha: &str, ts: &str, msg: &str, bias: i64) -> Value {
+    json!({
+        "run_meta": {
+            "benchmark_id": "downsample-fixture",
+            "schema_version": 1,
+            "started_at": ts
+        },
+        "commit": {
+            "sha": sha,
+            "timestamp": ts,
+            "message": msg,
+            "author_name": "Test Author",
+            "author_email": "author@example.com",
+            "committer_name": "Test Committer",
+            "committer_email": "committer@example.com",
+            "tree_sha": "fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba98",
+            "url": format!("https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex/commit/{sha}")
+        },
+        "records": [
+            {
+                "kind": "random_access_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "taxi",
+                "format": "vortex-file-compressed",
+                "value_ns": 500 + bias,
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [500 + bias]
+            },
+            {
+                "kind": "random_access_time",
+                "commit_sha": sha,
+                "dataset": "taxi",
+                "format": "parquet",
+                "value_ns": 1_000 + (2 * bias),
+                "all_runtimes_ns": [1_000 + (2 * bias)]
+            }
+        ]
+    })
+}
+
+/// Seed a `Random Access` chart with `n` synthetic commits so the
+/// downsampler has something to chew on. SHAs are deterministic
+/// `{i:040x}`; timestamps are 1 minute apart starting 2025-01-01 so the
+/// commits sort stably.
+async fn seed_long_history(server: &Server, n: usize) -> Result<()> {
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    for i in 0..n {
+        let sha = format!("{i:040x}");
+        let minutes = i;
+        let ts = format!(
+            "2025-01-01T{:02}:{:02}:00Z",
+            (minutes / 60) % 24,
+            minutes % 60
+        );
+        // Sinusoidal bias so the series has interior peaks LTTB will retain.
+        let bias = ((i as f64).sin() * 1_000.0) as i64 + i as i64 * 10;
+        let resp = client
+            .post(server.url("/api/ingest"))
+            .bearer_auth(TOKEN)
+            .json(&ra_envelope_for(&sha, &ts, "synthetic", bias))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            resp.status().is_success(),
+            "long-history ingest #{i} failed: {}",
+            resp.status()
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Pull the inline `<script id="chart-data-N">…</script>` JSON out of an
+/// HTML body. Returns `None` if the script tag isn't present.
+fn extract_chart_data(body: &str, idx: usize) -> Option<Value> {
+    let needle = format!(r#"<script id="chart-data-{idx}" type="application/json">"#);
+    let start = body.find(&needle)? + needle.len();
+    let end = body[start..].find("</script>")? + start;
+    // Reverse the `</` neutralisation done by `escape_json_for_script`.
+    let json = body[start..end].replace(r"<\/", "</");
+    serde_json::from_str(&json).ok()
+}
+
 fn insta_settings() -> insta::Settings {
     let mut s = insta::Settings::clone_current();
     s.set_snapshot_path("snapshots");
@@ -374,11 +458,12 @@ async fn landing_page_snapshot() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// The first group disclosure is rendered with the `open` attribute; every
-/// other group lacks it, so the user sees only the first group's charts on
-/// first paint.
+/// All group disclosures render closed by default — the user picks which
+/// to expand. The first group's chart payloads are still inlined in the
+/// HTML (so opening it skips the JS fetch), but the disclosure itself
+/// stays collapsed until clicked.
 #[tokio::test]
-async fn details_first_group_open_others_closed() -> Result<()> {
+async fn details_all_groups_closed_by_default() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;
     seed(&server).await?;
 
@@ -393,10 +478,15 @@ async fn details_first_group_open_others_closed() -> Result<()> {
         })
         .collect();
     assert!(!opens.is_empty(), "landing page must render <details>");
-    assert!(opens[0], "first group must be open");
-    for (i, is_open) in opens.iter().enumerate().skip(1) {
+    for (i, is_open) in opens.iter().enumerate() {
         assert!(!is_open, "group #{i} must be closed by default");
     }
+    // The first group's chart payload should still be inlined — fast
+    // hydration on toggle without a network round-trip.
+    assert!(
+        body.contains(r#"id="chart-data-0""#),
+        "first group's chart payload should be inlined for fast on-toggle hydration",
+    );
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -795,7 +885,8 @@ async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s.starts_with("TPC-H")).await?;
 
     let client = reqwest::Client::new();
-    // Without ?n, default is the 1000-commit per-chart cap — fixture has 3.
+    // Without `?n`, the API default is `Last(DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW)`. The
+    // fixture has 3 commits which fits comfortably.
     let full: Value = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
         .send()
@@ -815,7 +906,7 @@ async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     let one_count = one["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
     assert_eq!(one_count, 1, "?n=1 should keep exactly one commit");
 
-    // ?n=all bypasses the cap.
+    // ?n=all returns the unbounded view (the per-chart hard cap is gone).
     let all: Value = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=all")))
         .send()
@@ -825,6 +916,19 @@ async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     let all_count = all["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
     assert_eq!(all_count, full_count, "?n=all should match unbounded view");
 
+    // Even very large `?n` survives without being clamped.
+    let huge: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=99999")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    let huge_count = huge["commits"].as_array().map(|a| a.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+    assert_eq!(
+        huge_count, full_count,
+        "?n=99999 should no longer be clamped to 1000"
+    );
+
     // Malformed ?n gracefully falls back to default.
     let bad = client
         .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}?n=banana")))
@@ -834,6 +938,79 @@ async fn chart_page_window_caps_commits() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// `/chart/{slug}` and `/group/{slug}` permalinks default to the unbounded
+/// commit window, and the inlined JSON payload contains the full raw
+/// history (no server-side downsampling). Visual downsampling now lives in
+/// `chart-init.js` and runs on the *visible* commit range only.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn permalink_pages_inline_full_raw_history() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed_long_history(&server, 200).await?;
+
+    let chart_slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s == "Random Access").await?;
+    let group_slug = pick_group_slug(&server, |s| s == "Random Access").await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let chart_body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/chart/{chart_slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+    let chart_payload =
+        extract_chart_data(&chart_body, 0).context("chart inline payload present")?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        chart_payload["commits"]
+            .as_array()
+            .context("commits is array")?
+            .len(),
+        200,
+        "/chart permalink should inline the full raw history",
+    );
+
+    let group_body = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/group/{group_slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+    let group_payload =
+        extract_chart_data(&group_body, 0).context("group inline payload present")?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        group_payload["commits"]
+            .as_array()
+            .context("commits is array")?
+            .len(),
+        200,
+        "/group permalink should inline the full raw history",
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// The wire payload no longer carries a `raw_commit_count` field — visual
+/// downsampling moved to the client, so the server has no opinion on
+/// rendered point count.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn chart_payload_does_not_carry_raw_commit_count() -> Result<()> {
+    let server = Server::start().await?;
+    seed_long_history(&server, 50).await?;
+
+    let slug = pick_chart_slug(&server, |s| s == "Random Access").await?;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let body: Value = client
+        .get(server.url(&format!("/api/chart/{slug}")))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(
+        body.get("raw_commit_count").is_none(),
+        "raw_commit_count should not appear on the wire; got {body:?}"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn chart_page_round_trips_every_slug() -> Result<()> {
     let server = Server::start().await?;